Rig Vedas

Wiki: «The Vedas are among the oldest sacred texts. The Samhitas date to roughly 1500Ã¢â‚¬â€œ1000 BCE, and the «circum-Vedic» texts, as well as the redaction of the Samhitas, date to c. 1000-500 BCE, resulting in a Vedic period, spanning the mid 2nd to mid 1st millennium BCE, spanning the Late Bronze Age and the Iron Age. Gavin Flood[18] sums up mainstream estimates, according to which the Rigveda was compiled from as early as 1500 BCE over a period of several centuries. The Vedic period reaches its peak only after the composition of the mantra texts, with the establishment of the various shakhas all over Northern India which annotated the mantra samhitas with Brahmana discussions of their meaning, and reaches its end in the age of Buddha and Panini and the rise of the Mahajanapadas (archaeologically, Northern Black Polished Ware). Michael Witzel gives a time span of c. 1500 BCE to c. 500-400 BCE. Witzel makes special reference to the Near Eastern Mitanni material of the 14th c. BCE the only epigraphic record of Indo-Aryan contemporary to the Rigvedic period. He gives 150 BCE (PataÃƒÂ±jali) as a terminus ante quem for all Vedic Sanskrit literature, and 1200 BCE (the early Iron Age) as terminus post quem for the Atharvaveda.[19] The general accepted historical chronology of the Vedas ranks the Rig Veda as the first, followed by the Yajur Veda, Sama Veda and finally the Atharva Veda.
Transmission of texts in the Vedic period was by oral tradition alone, preserved with precision with the help of elaborate mnemonic techniques. A literary tradition set in only in post-Vedic times, after the rise of Buddhism in the Maurya period, perhaps earliest in the Kanva recension of the Yajurveda about the 1st century BCE; however oral tradition predominated until c. 1000 CE.[20] Due to the ephemeral nature of the manuscript material (birch bark or palm leaves), surviving manuscripts rarely surpass an age of a few hundred years.[21] The Benares Sanskrit University has a Rigveda manuscript of the mid-14th century; however, there are a number of older Veda manuscripts in Nepal belonging to the Vajasaneyi tradition that are dated from the 11th century onwards.»

Mandala 1, Hymn 1.

1. I Laud Agni, the chosen Priest, God, minister of sacrifice,
   The hotar, lavishest of wealth.
2. Worthy is Agni to be praised by living as by ancient seers.
   He shall bring. hitherward the Gods.
3. Through Agni man obtaineth wealth, yea, plenty waxing day by day, 
   Most rich in heroes, glorious.
4. Agni, the perfect sacrifice which thou encompassest about
   Verily goeth to the Gods.
5. May Agni, sapient-minded Priest, truthful, most gloriously great,
   The God, come hither with the Gods.
6. Whatever blessing, Agni, thou wilt grant unto thy worshipper,
   That, Angiras, is indeed thy truth.
7. To thee, dispeller of the night, O Agni, day by day with prayer
   Bringing thee reverence, we come
8. Ruler of sacrifices, guard of Law eternal, radiant One,
   Increasing in thine own abode.
9. Be to us easy of approach, even as a father to his son:
   Agni, be with us for our weal.

Mandala 1, Hymn 2.

1. BEAUTIFUL Vayu, come, for thee these Soma drops have been prepared:
     Drink of them, hearken to our call.
2. Knowing the days, with Soma juice poured forth, the singers glorify
     Thee, Vayu, with their hymns of praise.
3. Vayu, thy penetrating stream goes forth unto the worshipper,
     Far-spreading for the Soma draught.
4. These, Indra-Vayu, have been shed; come for our offered dainties’ sake:
     The drops are yearning for you both.
5. Well do ye mark libations, ye Vayu and Indra, rich in spoil
     So come ye swiftly hitherward.
6. Vayu and Indra, come to what the Soma. presser hath prepared:
     Soon, Heroes, thus I make my prayer.
7. Mitra, of holy strength, I call, and foe-destroying Varuna,
     Who make the oil-fed rite complete.
8. Mitra and Varuna, through Law, lovers and cherishers of Law,
     Have ye obtained your might power.
9. Our Sages, Mitra-Varuna, wide dominion, strong by birth,
     Vouchsafe us strength that worketh well.

Mandala 1, Hymn 3.

1 YE Asvins, rich in treasure, Lords of splendour, having nimble hands,
     Accept the sacrificial food.
2 Ye Asvins, rich in wondrous deeds, ye heroes worthy of our praise,
     Accept our songs with mighty thought.
3 Nasatyas, wonder-workers, yours are these libations with clipt grass:
     Come ye whose paths are red with flame.
4 O Indra marvellously bright, come, these libations long for thee,
     Thus by fine fingers purified.
5 Urged by the holy singer, sped by song, come, Indra, to the prayers,
     Of the libation-pouring priest.
6 Approach, O Indra, hasting thee, Lord of Bay Horses, to the prayers.
     In our libation take delight.
7 Ye Visvedevas, who protect, reward, and cherish men, approach
     Your worshipper’s drink-offering.
8 Ye Visvedevas, swift at work, come hither quickly to the draught,
     As milch-kine hasten to their stalls.
9 The Visvedevas, changing shape like serpents, fearless, void of guile,
     Bearers, accept the sacred draught
10 Wealthy in spoil, enriched with hymns, may bright Sarsavati desire,
    With eager love, our sacrifice.
11 Inciter of all pleasant songs, inspirer o all gracious thought,
     Sarasvati accept our rite
12 Sarasvati, the mighty flood,–she with be light illuminates,
     She brightens every pious thought.

Mandala 1, Hymn 4.

1 As a good cow to him who milks, we call the doer of fair deeds,
     To our assistance day by day.
2 Come thou to our libations, drink of Soma; Soma-drinker thou!
     The rich One’s rapture giveth kine.
3 So may we be acquainted with thine innermost benevolence:
     Neglect us not, come hitherward.
4 Go to the wise unconquered One, ask thou of Indra, skilled in song,
     Him who is better than thy friends.
5 Whether the men who mock us say, Depart unto another place,
     Ye who serve Indra and none else;
6 Or whether, God of wondrous deeds, all our true people call us blest,
     Still may we dwell in Indra’s care.
7 Unto the swift One bring the swift, man-cheering, grace of sacrifice,
     That to the Friend gives wings and joy.
8 Thou, Satakratu, drankest this and wast the Vrtras’ slayer; thou
     Helpest the warrior in the fray.
9 We strengthen, Satakratu, thee, yea, thee the powerful in fight,
     That, Indra, we may win us wealth.
10 To him the mighty stream of wealth, prompt friend of him who pours the juice,
     yea, to this Indra sing your song.

Mandala 1, Hymn 5.

1 O COME ye hither, sit ye down: to Indra sing ye forth, your song,
     companions, bringing hymns of praise.
2 To him the richest of the rich, the Lord of treasures excellent,
     Indra, with Soma juice outpoured.
3 May he stand by us in our need and in abundance for our wealth:
     May he come nigh us with his strength.
4 Whose pair of tawny horses yoked in battles foemen challenge not:
     To him, to Indra sing your song.
5 Nigh to the Soma-drinker come, for his enjoyment, these pure drops,
     The Somas mingled with the curd.
6 Thou, grown at once to perfect strength, wast born to drink the Soma juice,
     Strong Indra, for preÃƒÂ«minence.
7 O Indra, lover of the song, may these quick Somas enter thee:
     May they bring bliss to thee the Sage.
8 Our chants of praise have strengthened thee, O Satakratu, and our lauds
     So strengthen thee the songs we sing.
9 Indra, whose succour never fails, accept these viands thousandfold,
     Wherein all manly powers abide.
10 O Indra, thou who lovest song, let no man hurt our bodies, keep
     Slaughter far from us, for thou canst.

Mandala 1, Hymn 6.

1 They who stand round him as he moves harness the bright, the ruddy Steed
     The lights are shining in the sky.
2 On both sides to the car they yoke the two bay coursers dear to him,
     Bold, tawny, bearers of the Chief.
3 Thou, making light where no light was, and form, O men: where form was not,
     Wast born together with the Dawns.
4 Thereafter they, as is their wont, threw off the state of babes unborn,
     Assuming sacrificial names.
5 Thou, Indra, with the Tempest-Gods, the breakers down of what is firm,
     Foundest the kine even in the cave.
6 Worshipping even as they list, singers laud him who findeth wealth,
     The far-renowned, the mighty One.
7 Mayest thou verily be seen coming by fearless Indra’s side:
     Both joyous, equal in your sheen.
8 With Indra’s well beloved hosts, the blameless, hastening to heaven,
     The sacrificer cries aloud.
9 Come from this place, O Wanderer, or downward from the light of heaven:
     Our songs of praise all yearn for this.
10 Indra we seek to give us help, from here, from heaven above the earth,
     Or from the spacious firmament.

Mandala 1, Hymn 7.

1 INDRA the singers with high praise, Indra reciters with their lauds,
     Indra the choirs have glorified.
2 Indra hath ever close to him his two bay steeds and word-yoked car,
     Indra the golden, thunder-armed.
3 Indra hath raised the Sun on high in heaven, that he may see afar:
     He burst the mountain for the kine.
4 Help us, O Indra, in the frays, yea, frays, where thousand spoils are gained,
     With awful aids, O awful One.
5 In mighty battle we invoke Indra, Indra in lesser fight,
     The Friend who bends his bolt at fiends.
6 Unclose, our manly Hero, thou for ever bounteous, yonder cloud,
     For us, thou irresistible.
7 Still higher, at each strain of mine, thunder-armed Indra’s praises rise:
     I find no laud worthy of him.
8 Even as the bull drives on the herds, he drives the people with his might,
     The Ruler irresistible:
9 Indra who rules with single sway men, riches, and the fivefold race
     Of those who dwell upon the earth.
10 For your sake from each side we call Indra away from other men:
     Ours, and none others’, may he be.

Mandala 1, Hymn 8.

1. INDRA, bring wealth that gives delight, the victor’s ever-conquering wealth,
     Most excellent, to be our aid;
2. By means of which we may repel our foes in battle hand to hand,
     By thee assisted with the car.
3. Aided by thee, the thunder-armed, Indra, may we lift up the bolt,
     And conquer all our foes in fight.
4. With thee, O India, for ally with missile-darting heroes, may
     We conquer our embattled foes.
5. Mighty is Indra, yea supreme; greatness be his, the Thunderer:
     Wide as the heaven extends his power
6. Which aideth those to win them sons, who come as heroes to the fight,
     Or singers loving holy thoughts.
7. His belly, drinking deepest draughts of Soma, like an ocean swells,
     Like wide streams from the cope of heaven.
8. So also is his excellence, great, vigorous, rich in cattle, like
     A ripe branch to the worshipper.
9. For verily thy mighty powers, Indra, are saving helps at once
     Unto a worshipper like me.
10. So are his lovely gifts; let lauds and praises be to Indra sung,
     That he may drink the Soma juice.

Mandala 1, Hymn 9.

1. COME, Indra, and delight thee with the juice at all the Soma feasts,
     Protector, mighty in thy strength.
2. To Indra pour ye forth the juice, the active gladdening juice to him
     The gladdening, omnific God.
3. O Lord of all men, fair of cheek, rejoice thee in the gladdening lauds,
     Present at these drink-offerings.
4. Songs have outpoured themselves to thee, Indra, the strong, the guardian Lord,
     And raised themselves unsatisfied.
5. Send to us bounty manifold, O Indra, worthy of’ our wish,
     For power supreme is only thine.
6. O Indra, stimulate thereto us emulously fain for wealth,
     And glorious, O most splendid One.
7. Give, Indra, wide and lofty fame, wealthy in cattle and in strength,
     Lasting our life-time, failing not.
8. Grant us high fame, O Indra, grant riches bestowing thousands, those
     Fair fruits of earth borne home in wains.
9. Praising with songs the praise-worthy who cometh to our aid, we call
     Indra, the Treasure-Lord of wealth.
10. To lofty Indra, dweller by each libation, the pious man
     Sings forth aloud a strengthening hymn.

Mandala 1, Hymn 10.

1. THE chanters hymn thee, they who say the word of praise magnify thee.
     The priests have raised thee up on high, O Satakratu, like a pole.
2. As up he clomb from ridge to ridge and looked upon the toilsome task,
     Indra observes this wish of his, and the Rain hastens with his troop.
3. Harness thy pair of strong bay steeds, long-maned, whose bodies fill the girths,
     And, Indra, Soma-drinker, come to listen to our songs of praise.
4. Come hither, answer thou the song, sing in approval, cry aloud.
     Good Indra, make our prayer succeed, and prosper this our sacrifice.
5. To Indra must a laud be said, to strengthen him who freely gives,
     That Sakra may take pleasure in our friendship and drink-offerings.
6. Him, him we seek for friendship, him for riches and heroic might.
     For Indra, he is Sakra, he shall aid us while he gives us wealth.
7. Easy to turn and drive away, Indra, is spoil bestowed by thee.
     Unclose the stable of the kine, and give us wealth O Thunder-armed
8. The heaven and earth contain thee not, together, in thy wrathful mood.
     Win us the waters of the sky, and send us kine abundantly.
9. Hear, thou whose ear is quick, my call; take to thee readily my songs
     O Indra, let this laud of mine come nearer even than thy friend.
10. We know thee mightiest of all, in battles hearer of our cry.
     Of thee most mighty we invoke the aid that giveth thousandfold.
11. O Indra, Son of Kusika, drink our libation with delight.
     Prolong our life anew, and cause the seer to win a thousand gifts.
12. Lover of song, may these our songs on every side encompass thee:
     Strengthening thee of lengthened life, may they be dear delights to thee.

Mandala 1, Hymn 11.

1. ALL sacred songs have magnified Indra expansive as the sea,
     The best of warriors borne on cars, the Lord, the very Lord of strength.
2. Strong in thy friendship, Indra, Lord of power and might, we have no fear.
     We glorify with praises thee, the never-conquered conqueror.
3. The gifts of Indra from of old, his saving succours, never fail,
     When to the praise-singers he gives the boon of substance rich in kine.
4. Crusher of forts, the young, the wise, of strength unmeasured, was he born
     Sustainer of each sacred rite, Indra, the Thunderer, much-extolled.
5. Lord of the thunder, thou didst burst the cave of Vala rich in cows.
     The Gods came pressing to thy side, and free from terror aided thee,
6. I, Hero, through thy bounties am come to the flood addressing thee.
     Song-lover, here the singers stand and testify to thee thereof.
7. The wily Susna, Indra! thou o’er-threwest with thy wondrous powers.
     The wise beheld this deed of thine: now go beyond their eulogies.
8. Our songs of praise have glorified Indra who ruleth by his might,
     Whose precious gifts in thousands come, yea, even more abundantly.

Mandala 1, Hymn 12.

I WE choose Agni the messenger, the herald, master of all wealth,
     Well skilled in this our sacrifice.
2. With callings ever they invoke Agni, Agni, Lord of the House,
     Oblation-bearer, much beloved.
3. Bring the Gods hither, Agni, born for him who strews the sacred grass:
     Thou art our herald, meet for praise.
4. Wake up the willing Gods, since thou, Agni, performest embassage:
     Sit on the sacred grass with Gods.
5. O Agni, radiant One, to whom the holy oil is poured, burn up
     Our enemies whom fiends protect.
6. By Agni Agni is inflamed, Lord of the House, wise, young, who bears
     The gift: the ladle is his mouth.
7. Praise Agni in the sacrifice, the Sage whose ways are ever true,
     The God who driveth grief away.
8. God, Agni, be his strong defence who lord of sacrificial gifts,
     Worshippeth thee the messenger.
9. Whoso with sacred gift would fain call Agni to the feast of Gods,
     O Purifier, favour him.
10. Such, Agni, Purifier, bright, bring hither to our sacrifice,
     To our oblation bring the Gods.
11. So lauded by our newest song of praise bring opulence to us,
     And food, with heroes for our sons.
12. O Agni, by effulgent flame, by all invokings of the Gods,
     Show pleasure in this laud of ours.

Mandala 1, Hymn 13.

1. AGNI, well-kindled, bring the Gods for him who offers holy gifts.
     Worship them, Purifier, Priest.
2. Son of Thyself, present, O Sage, our sacrifice to the Gods today.
     Sweet to the taste, that they may feast.
3. Dear Narasamsa, sweet of tongue, the giver of oblations, I
     Invoke to this our sacrifice.
4. Agni, on thy most easy car, glorified, hither bring the Gods:
     Manu appointed thee as Priest.
5. Strew, O ye wise, the sacred grass that drips with oil, in order due,
     Where the Immortal is beheld.
6. Thrown open be the Doors Divine, unfailing, that assist the rite,
     For sacrifice this day and now.
7. I call the lovely Night and Dawn to seat them on the holy grass
     At this our solemn sacrifice.
8. The two Invokers I invite, the wise, divine and sweet of tongue,
     To celebrate this our sacrifice.
9. Ila, Sarasvati, Mahi, three Goddesses who bring delight,
     Be seated, peaceful, on the grass.
10. Tvastar I call, the earliest born, the wearer of all forms at will:
     May he be ours and curs alone.
11. God, Sovran of the Wood, present this our oblation to the Gods,
     And let the giver be renowned.
12. With Svaha pay the sacrifice to Indra in the offerer’s house:
     Thither I call the Deities.

Mandala 1, Hymn 14.

1. To drink the Soma, Agni, come, to our service and our songs.
     With all these Gods; and worship them.
2. The Kanvas have invoked thee; they, O Singer, sing thee songs of praise
     Agni, come hither with the Gods;
3. Indra, Vayu, Brhaspati, Mitra, Agni, Pusan, Bhaga,
     Adityas, and the Marut host.
4. For you these juices are poured forth that gladden and exhilarate,
     The meath-drops resting in the cup.
5. The sons of Kanva fain for help adore thee, having strewn the grass,
     With offerings and all things prepared.
6. Let the swift steeds who carry thee, thought-yoked and dropping holy oil,
     Bring the Gods to the Soma draught.
7. Adored, the strengtheners of Law, unite them, Agni, with their Dames:
     Make them drink meath, O bright of tongue.
8. Let them, O Agni, who deserve worship and praise drink with thy tongue
     The meath in solemn sacrifice.
9. Away, from the Sun’s realm of light, the wise invoking Priest shall bring
     All Gods awaking with the dawn.
10. With all the Gods, with Indra, with Vayu, and Mitra’s splendours, drink,
     Agni, the pleasant Soma juice.
11. Ordained by Manu as our Priest, thou sittest, Agni, at each rite:
     Hallow thou this our sacrifice.
12. Harness the Red Mares to thy car, the Bays, O God, the flaming ones:
     With those bring hitherward the Gods.

Mandala 1, Hymn 15.

1. O INDRA drink the Soma juice with Rtu; let the cheering drops
     Sink deep within, which settle there.
2. Drink from the Purifier’s cup, Maruts, with Rtu; sanctify
     The rite, for ye give precious gifts.
3. O Nestar, with thy Dame accept our sacrifice; with Rtu drink,
     For thou art he who giveth wealth.
4. Bring the Gods, Agni; in the three appointed places set them down:
     Surround them, and with Rtu drink.
5. Drink Soma after the Rtus, from the Brahmana’s bounty: undissolved,
     O Indra, is thy friendship’s bond.
6. Mitra, Varuna, ye whose ways are firm–a Power that none deceives–,
     With Rtu ye have reached the rite.
7. The Soma-pressers, fain for wealth, praise the Wealth-giver in the rite,
     In sacrifices praise the God.
8. May the Wealth-giver grant to us riches that shall be far renowned.
     These things we gain, among the Gods.
9. He with the Rtu fain would drink, Wealth-giver, from the Nestar’s bowl.
     Haste, give your offering, and depart.
10. As we this fourth time, Wealth-giver, honour thee with the Rtus, be
     A Giver bountiful to us.
11. Drink ye the meath, O Asvins bright with flames, whose acts are pure, who with
     Rtus accept the sacrifice.
12. With Rtu, through the house-fire, thou, kind Giver, guidest sacrifice:
     Worship the Gods for the pious man.

Mandala 1, Hymn 16.

1. LET thy Bay Steeds bring thee, the Strong, hither to drink the Soma draught–
     Those, Indra, who are bright as suns.
2. Here are the grains bedewed with oil: hither let the Bay Coursers bring
     Indra upon his easiest car.
3. Indra at early morn we call, Indra in course of sacrifice,
     Indra to drink the Soma juice.
4. Come hither, with thy long-maned Steeds, O Indra, to he draught we pour
     We call thee when the juice is shed.
5. Come thou to this our song of praise, to the libation poured for thee
     Drink of it like a stag athirst.
6. Here are the drops of Soma juice expressed on sacred grass: thereof
     Drink, Indra, to increase thy might.
7. Welcome to thee be this our hymn, reaching thy heart, most excellent:
     Then drink the Soma juice expressed.
8. To every draught of pressed-out juice Indra, the Vrtra-slayer, comes,
     To drink the Soma for delight.
9. Fulfil, O Satakratu, all our wish with horses and with kine:
     With holy thoughts we sing thy praise.

Mandala 1, Hymn 17.

1. I CRAVE help from the Imperial Lords, from Indra-Varuna; may they
     Both favour one of us like me.
2. Guardians of men, ye ever come with ready succour at the call
     Of every singer such as I.
3. Sate you, according to your wish, O Indra-Varuna, with wealth:
     Fain would we have you nearest us.
4. May we be sharers of the powers, sharers of the benevolence
     Of you who give strength bounteously.
5. Indra and Varuna, among givers of thousands, meet for praise,
     Are Powers who merit highest laud.
6. Through their protection may we gain great store of wealth, and heap it up
     Enough and still to spare, be ours.
7. O Indra-Varuna, on you for wealth in many a form I call:
     Still keep ye us victorious.
8. O Indra-Varuna, through our songs that seek to win you to ourselves,
     Give us at once your sheltering help.
9. O Indra-Varuna, to you may fair praise which I offer come,
     Joint eulogy which ye dignify.

Mandala 1, Hymn 18.

1. O BRAHMANAPSATI, make him who presses Soma glorious,
     Even Kaksivan Ausija.
2. The rich, the healer of disease, who giveth wealth, increaseth store,
     The prompt,–may he be with us still.
3. Let not the foeman’s curse, let not a mortal’s onslaught fall on us
     Preserve us, Brahmanaspati.
4. Ne’er is the mortal hero harmed whom Indra, Brahmanaspati,
     And Soma graciously inspire.
5. Do, thou, O Brahmanaspati, and Indra, Soma, Daksina,
     Preserve that mortal from distress.
6. To the Assembly’s wondrous Lord, to Indra’s lovely Friend who gives
     Wisdom, have I drawn near in prayer.
7. He without whom no sacrifice, e’en of the wise man, prospers; he
     Stirs up the series of thoughts.
8. He makes the oblation prosper, he promotes the course of sacrifice:
     Our voice of praise goes to the Gods.
9. I have seen Narasamsa, him most resolute, most widely famed,
     As ‘twere the Household Priest of heaven.

Mandala 1, Hymn 19.

1. To this fair sacrifice to drink the milky draught thou art invoked:
     O Agni, with the Maruts come.
2. No mortal man, no God exceeds thy mental power, O Mighty one:
     O Agni, with the Maruts come:
3. All Gods devoid of guile, who know the mighty region of mid-air:
     O Agni, with those Maruts come.
4. The terrible, who sing their song, not to be overcome by might:
     O Agni, with those Maruts come.
5. Brilliant, and awful in their form, mighty, devourers of their foes’:
     O Agni, with those Maruts come.
6. Who sit as Deities in heaven, above the sky-vault’s luminous sphere:
     O Agni, with those Maruts come.
7. Who scatter clouds about the sky, away over the billowy sea:
     O Agni, with those Maruts come.
8. Who with their bright beams spread them forth over the ocean in their might
     O Agni, with those Maruts come.
9. For thee, to be thine early draught, I pour the Soma-mingled meath:
     O Agni, with the Maruts come.

Mandala 1, Hymn 20.

1. FOR the Celestial Race this song of praise which gives wealth lavishly
     Was made by singers with their lips.
2. They who for Indra, with their mind, formed horses harnessed by a word,
     Attained by works to sacrifice.
3. They for the two Nasatyas wrought a light car moving every way:
     They formed a nectar-yielding cow.
4. The Rbhus with effectual prayers, honest, with constant labour, made
     Their Sire and Mother young again.
5. Together came your gladdening drops with Indra by the Maruts girt,
     With the Adityas, with the Kings.
6. The sacrificial ladle, wrought newly by the God Tvastar’s hand–
     Four ladles have ye made thereof.
7. Vouchsafe us wealth, to him who pours thrice seven libations, yea, to each
     Give wealth, pleased with our eulogies.
8. As ministering Priests they held, by pious acts they won themselves,
     A share in sacrifice with Gods.

Mandala 1, Hymn 21.

1. INDRA and Agni I invoke fain are we for their song of praise:
     Chief Soma-drinkers are they both.
2. Praise ye, O men, and glorify Indra-Agni in the holy rites:
     Sing praise to them in sacred songs.
3. Indra and Agni we invite, the Soma-drinkers, for the fame
     Of Mitra, to the Soma-draught.
4. Strong Gods, we bid them come to this libation that stands ready here:
     Indra and Agni, come to us.
5. Indra and Agni, mighty Lords of our assembly, crush the fiends:
     Childless be the devouring ones.
6. Watch ye, through this your truthfulness, there in the place of spacious view
     Indra and Agni, send us bliss.

Mandala 1, Hymn 22.

1. WAKEN the Asvin Pair who yoke their car at early morn: may they
     Approach to drink this Soma juice.
2. We call the Asvins Twain, the Gods borne in a noble car, the best
     Of charioteers, who reach the heavens.
3. Dropping with honey is your whip, Asvins, and full of pleasantness
     Sprinkle therewith the sacrifice.
4. As ye go thither in your car, not far, O Asvins, is the home
     Of him who offers Soma juice.
5. For my protection I invoke the golden-handed Savitar.
     He knoweth, as a God, the place.
6. That he may send us succour, praise the Waters’ Offspring Savitar:
     Fain are we for his holy ways.
7. We call on him, distributer of wondrous bounty and of wealth,
     On Savitar who looks on men.
8. Come hither, friends, and seat yourselves Savitar, to be praised by us,
     Giving good gifts, is beautiful.
9. O Agni, hither bring to us the willing Spouses of the Gods,
     And Tvastar, to the Soma draught.
10. Most youthful Agni, hither bring their Spouses, Hotra, Bharati,
     Varutri, Dhisana, for aid.
11. Spouses of Heroes, Goddesses, with whole wings may they come to us
     With great protection and with aid.
12. Indrani, Varunani, and Agnayi hither I invite,
     For weal, to drink the Soma juice.
13. May Heaven and Earth, the Mighty Pair, bedew for us our sacrifice,
     And feed us full with nourishments.
14. Their water rich with fatness, there in the Gandharva’s steadfast place,
     The singers taste through sacred songs.
15. Thornless be thou, O Earth, spread wide before us for a dwelling-place:
     Vouchsafe us shelter broad and sure.
16. The Gods be gracious unto us even from the place whence Visnu strode
     Through the seven regions of the earth!
17. Through all this world strode Visnu; thrice his foot he planted, and the whole
     Was gathered in his footstep’s dust.
18. Visnu, the Guardian, he whom none deceiveth, made three steps; thenceforth
     Establishing his high decrees.
19. Look ye on Visnu’s works, whereby the Friend of Indra, close-allied,
     Hath let his holy ways be seen.
20. The princes evermore behold that loftiest place where Visnu is,
     Laid as it were an eye in heaven.
21. This, Vishnu’s station most sublime, the singers, ever vigilant,
     Lovers of holy song, light up.

Mandala 1, Hymn 23.

1. STRONG are the Somas; come thou nigh; these juices have been mixt with milk:
     Drink, Vayu, the presented draughts.
2. Both Deities who touch the heaven, Indra and Vayu we invoke
     To drink of this our soma juice.
3. The singers’ for their aid, invoke Indra and Vayu, swift as mind,
     The thousand-eyed, the Lords of thought.
4. Mitra and Varuna, renowned as Gods of consecrated might,
     We call to drink the Soma juice.
5. Those who by Law uphold the Law, Lords of the shining light of Law,
     Mitra I call, and Varuna.
6. Let Varuna be our chief defence, let Mitra guard us with all aids
     Both make us rich exceedingly.
7. Indra, by Maruts girt, we call to drink the Soma juice: may he
     Sate him in union with his troop.
8. Gods, Marut hosts whom Indra leads, distributers of Pusan’s gifts,
     Hearken ye all unto my cry.
9. With conquering Indra for ally, strike Vrtra down, ye bounteous Gods
     Let not the wicked master us.
10. We call the Universal Gods, and Maruts to the Soma draught,
     For passing strong are Prsni’s Sons.
11. Fierce comes the Maruts’ thundering voice, like that of conquerors, when ye go
     Forward to victory, O Men.
12. Born of the laughing lightning. may the Maruts guard us everywhere
     May they be gracious unto Us.
13. Like some lost animal, drive to us, bright Pusan, him who bears up heaven,
     Resting on many-coloured grass.
14. Pusan the Bright has found the King, concealed and hidden in a cave,
     Who rests on grass of many hues.
15. And may he. duly bring to me the six bound closely, through these drops,
     As one who ploughs with steers brings corn.
16. Along their paths the Mothers go, Sisters of priestly ministrants,
     Mingling their sweetness with the milk.
17. May Waters gathered near the Sun, and those wherewith the Sun is joined,
     Speed forth this sacrifice of ours.
18. I call the Waters, Goddesses, wherein our cattle quench their thirst;
     Oblations to the Streams be given.
19. Amrit is in the Waters in the Waters there is healing balm
     Be swift, ye Gods, to give them praise.
20. Within the Waters–Soma thus hath told me–dwell all balms that heal,
     And Agni, he who blesseth all. The Waters hold all medicines.
21. O Waters, teem with medicine to keep my body safe from harm,
     So that I long may see the Sun.
22. Whatever sin is found in me, whatever evil I have wrought.
     If I have lied or falsely sworn, Waters, remove it far from me.
23. The Waters I this day have sought, and to their moisture have we come:
     O Agni, rich in milk, come thou, and with thy splendour cover me.
24. Fill me with splendour, Agni; give offspring and length of days; the Gods
     Shall know me even as I am, and Indra with the Rsis, know.

Mandala 1, Hymn 24.

1. WHO now is he, what God among Immortals, of whose auspicious name we may bethink us?
     Who shall to mighty Aditi restore us, that I may see my Father and my Mother?
2. Agni the God the first among the Immortals,–of his auspicious name let us bethink us.
     He shall to mighty Aditi restore us, that I may see my Father and my Mother.
3. To thee, O Savitar, the Lord of precious things, who helpest us
     Continually, for our share we come-
4. Wealth, highly lauded ere reproach hath fallen on it, which is laid,
     Free from all hatred, in thy hands
5. Through thy protection may we come to even the height of affluence
     Which Bhaga hath dealt out to us.
6. Ne’er have those birds that fly through air attained to thy high dominion or thy might or spirit;
     Nor these the waters that flow on for ever, nor hills, abaters of the wind’s wild fury.
7. Varuna, King, of hallowed might, sustaineth erect the Tree’s stem in the baseless region.
     Its rays, whose root is high above, stream downward. Deep may they sink within us, and be hidden.
8. King Varuna hath made a spacious pathway, a pathway for the Sun wherein to travel.
     Where no way was he made him set his footstep, and warned afar whate’er afflicts the spirit.
9. A hundred balms are thine, O King, a thousand; deep and wide-reaching also be thy favours.
     Far from us, far away drive thou Destruction. Put from us e’en the sin we have committed.
10. Whither by day depart the constellations that shine at night, set high in heaven above us?
     Varuna’s holy laws remain unweakened, and through the night the Moon moves on in splendor
11. I ask this of thee with my prayer adoring; thy worshipper craves this with his oblation.
     Varuna, stay thou here and be not angry; steal not our life from us, O thou Wide-Ruler.
12. Nightly and daily this one thing they tell me, this too the thought of mine own heart repeateth.
     May he to whom prayed fettered Sunahsepa, may he the Sovran Varuna release us.
13. Bound to three pillars captured Sunahsepa thus to the Aditya made his supplication.
     Him may the Sovran Varuna deliver, wise, ne’er deceived, loosen the bonds that bind him.
14. With bending down, oblations, sacrifices, O Varuna, we deprecate thine anger:
     Wise Asura, thou King of wide dominion, loosen the bonds of sins by us committed.
15. Loosen the bonds, O Varuna, that hold me, loosen the bonds above, between, and under.
     So in thy holy law may we made sinless belong to Aditi, O thou Aditya.

Mandala 1, Hymn 25.

1. WHATEVER law of thine, O God, O Varuna, as we are men,
     Day after day we violate.
2. give us not as a prey to death, to be destroyed by thee in wrath,
     To thy fierce anger when displeased.
3. To gain thy mercy, Varuna, with hymns we bind thy heart, as binds
     The charioteer his tethered horse.
4. They flee from me dispirited, bent only on obtaining wealths
     As to their nests the birds of air.
5. When shall we bring, to be appeased, the Hero, Lord of warrior might,
     Him, the far-seeing Varuna?
6. This, this with joy they both accept in common: never do they fail
     The ever-faithful worshipper.
7. He knows the path of birds that fly through heaven, and, Sovran of the sea,
     He knows the ships that are thereon.
8. True to his holy law, he knows the twelve moons with their progeny:
     He knows the moon of later birth.
9. He knows the pathway of the wind, the spreading, high, and mighty wind:
     He knows the Gods who dwell above.
10. Varuna, true to holy law, sits down among his people; he,
     Most wise, sits there to govern all.
11. From thence percerving he beholds all wondrous things, both what hath been,
     And what hereafter will be done.
12. May that Aditya, very wise, make fair paths for us all our days:
     May he prolong our lives for us.
13. Varuna, wearing golden mail, hath clad him in a shining robe.
     His spies are seated found about.
14. The God whom enemies threaten not, nor those who tyrannize o’er men,
     Nor those whose minds are bent on wrong.
15. He who gives glory to mankind, not glory that is incomplete,
     To our own bodies giving it.
16. Yearning for the wide-seeing One, my thoughts move onward unto him,
     As kine unto their pastures move.
17. Once more together let us speak, because my meath is brought: priest-like
     Thou eatest what is dear to thee.
18. Now saw I him whom all may see, I saw his car above the earth:
     He hath accepted these my songs.
19. Varuna, hear this call of mine: be gracious unto us this day
     Longing for help I cried to thee.
20. Thou, O wise God, art Lord of all, thou art the King of earth and heaven
     Hear, as thou goest on thy way.
21. Release us from the upper bond, untie the bond between, and loose
     The bonds below, that I may live.

Mandala 1, Hymn 26.

1. O WORTHY of oblation, Lord of prospering powers, assume thy robes,
     And offer this our sacrifice.
2. Sit ever to be chosen, as our Priest, most youthful, through our hymns,
     O Agni, through our heavenly word.
3. For here a Father for his son, Kinsman for kinsman worshippeth,
     And Friend, choice-worthy, for his friend.
4. Here let the foe-destroyers sit, Varuna, Mitra, Aryaman,
     Like men, upon our sacred grass.
5. O ancient Herald, be thou glad in this our rite and fellowship:
     Hearken thou well to these our songs.
6. Whate’er in this perpetual course we sacrifice to God and God,
     That gift is offered up in thee
7. May he be our dear household Lord, Priest, pleasant and, choice-worthy may
     We, with bright fires, be dear to him.
8. The Gods, adored with brilliant fires. have granted precious wealth to us
     So, with bright fires, we pray to thee.
9. And, O Immortal One, so may the eulogies of mortal men
     Belong to us and thee alike.
10. With all thy fires, O Agni, find pleasure in this our sacrifice,
     And this our speech, O Son of Strength.

Mandala 1, Hymn 27.

1. WITH worship will I glorify thee, Agni, like a long-tailed steed,
     Imperial Lord of sacred rites.
2. May the far-striding Son of Strength, bringer of great felicity,
     Who pours his gifts like rain, be ours.
3. Lord of all life, from near; from far, do thou, O Agni evermore
     Protect us from the sinful man.
4. O Agni, graciously announce this our oblation to the Gods,
     And this our newest song of praise.
5. Give us a share of strength most high, a share of strength that is below,
     A share of strength that is between.
6. Thou dealest gifts, resplendent One; nigh, as with waves of Sindhu, thou
     Swift streamest to the worshipper.
7. That man is lord of endless strength whom thou protectest in the fight,
     Agni, or urgest to the fray.
8. Him, whosoever he may be, no man may vanquish, mighty One:
     Nay, very glorious power is his.
9. May he who dwells with all mankind bear us with war-steeds through the fight,
     And with the singers win the spoil.
10. Help, thou who knowest lauds, this work, this eulogy to Rudra, him
     Adorable in every house.
11. May this our God, great, limitless, smoke-bannered excellently bright,
     Urge us to strength and holy thought.
12. Like some rich Lord of men may he, Agni the banner of the Gods,
     Refulgent, hear us through our lauds.
13. Glory to Gods, the mighty and the lesser glory to Gods the younger and the elder!
     Let us, if we have power, pay the God worship: no better prayer than this, ye Gods, acknowledge.

Mandala 1, Hymn 28.

1. THERE where the broad-based stone raised on high to press the juices out,
     O Indra, drink with eager thirst the droppings which the mortar sheds.
2. Where, like broad hips, to hold the juice the platters of the press are laid,
     O Indra, drink with eager thirst the droppings which the mortar sheds.
3. There where the woman marks and leans the pestle’s constant rise and fall,
     O Indra, drink with eager thirst the droppings which the mortar sheds.
4. Where, as with reins to guide a horse, they bind the churning-staff with cords,
     O Indra, drink with eager thirst the droppings which the mortar sheds.
5. If of a truth in every house, O Mortar thou art set for work,
     Here give thou forth thy clearest sound, loud as the drum of conquerors.
6. O Sovran of the Forest, as the wind blows soft in front of thee,
     Mortar, for Indra press thou forth the Soma juice that he may drink.
7. Best strength-givers, ye stretch wide jaws, O Sacrificial Implements,
     Like two bay horses champing herbs.
8. Ye Sovrans of the Forest, both swift, with swift pressers press to-day
     Sweet Soma juice for Indra’s drink.
9. Take up in beakers what remains: the Soma on the filter pour,
     and on the ox-hide set the dregs.

Mandala 1, Hymn 29.

1. O SOMA DRINKER, ever true, utterly hopeless though we be,
     Do thou, O Indra, give us hope of beauteous horses and of kine,
     In thousands, O most wealthy One.
2. O Lord of Strength, whose jaws are strong, great deeds are thine, the powerful:
     Do thou, O Indra, give us hope of beauteous horses and of kine,
     In thousands, O most wealthy One.
3. Lull thou asleep, to wake no more, the pair who on each other look
     Do thou, O Indra, give us hope of beauteous horses and of kine,
     In thousands, O most wealthy One.
4. Hero, let hostile spirits sleep, and every gentler genius wake:
     Do thou, O Indra, give us hope of beauteous horses and of kine,
     In thousands, O most wealthy One.
5. Destroy this ass, O Indra, who in tones discordant brays to thee:
     Do thou, O Indra, give us hope of beauteous horses and of kine,
     In thousands, O most wealthy One.
6. Far distant on the forest fall the tempest in a circling course!
     Do thou, O Indra, give us hope of beauteous horses and of kine,
     In thousands, O most wealthy One.
7. Slay each reviler, and destroy him who in secret injures us:
     Do thou, O Indra, give us hope of beauteous horses and of kine
     In thousands, O most wealthy One.

Mandala 1, Hymn 30.

1. WE seeking strength with Soma-drops fill full your Indra like a well,
     Most liberal, Lord of Hundred Powers,
2. Who lets a hundred of the pure, a thousand of the milk-blent draughts
     Flow, even as down a depth, to him;
3. When for the strong, the rapturous joy he in this manner hath made room
     Within his belly, like the sea.
4. This is thine own. Thou drawest near, as turns a pigeon to his mate:
     Thou carest too for this our prayer.
5. O Hero, Lord of Bounties, praised in hymns, may power and joyfulness
     Be his who sings the laud to thee.
6. Lord of a Hundred Powers, stand up to lend us succour in this fight
     In others too let us agree.
7. In every need, in every fray we call as friends to succour us
     Indra the mightiest of all.
8. If he will hear us let him come with succour of a thousand kinds,
     And all that strengthens, to our call.
9. I call him mighty to resist, the Hero of our ancient home,
     Thee whom my sire invoked of old.
10. We pray to thee, O much-invoked, rich in all precious gifts, O Friend,
     Kind God to those who sing thy praise.
11. O Soma-drinker, Thunder-armed, Friend of our lovely-featured dames
     And of our Soma-drinking friends.
12. Thus, Soma-drinker, may it be; thus, Friend, who wieldest thunder, act
     To aid each wish as we desire.
13. With Indra splendid feasts be ours, rich in all strengthening things wherewith,
     Wealthy in food, we may rejoice.
14. Like thee, thyself, the singers’ Friend, thou movest, as it were, besought,
     Bold One, the axle of the car.
15. That, Satakratu, thou to grace and please thy praisers, as it were,
     Stirrest the axle with thy strength.
16. With champing, neighing loudly-snorting horses Indra hath ever won himself great treasures
     A car of gold hath he whose deeds are wondrous received from us, and let us too receive it.
17. Come, Asvins, with enduring strength wealthy in horses and in kine,
     And gold, O ye of wondrous deeds.
18. Your chariot yoked for both alike, immortal, ye of mighty acts,
     Travels, O Asvins, in the sea.
19. High on the forehead of the Bull one chariot wheel ye ever keep,
     The other round the sky revolves.
20. What mortal, O immortal Dawn, enjoyeth thee? Where lovest thou?
     To whom, O radiant, dost thou go?
21. For we have had thee in our thoughts whether anear or far away,
     Red-hued and like a dappled mare.
22. Hither, O Daughter of the Sky, come thou with these thy strengthenings,
     And send thou riches down to us.

Mandala 1, Hymn 31.

1. Thou, Agni, wast the earliest Angiras, a Seer; thou wast, a God thyself, the Gods’ auspicious Friend.
     After thy holy ordinance the Maruts, sage, active through wisdom, with their glittering spears, were born.
2. O Agni, thou, the best and earliest Angiras, fulfillest as a Sage the holy law of Gods.
     Sprung from two mothers, wise, through all existence spread, resting in many a place for sake of living man.
3. To Matarisvan first thou, Agni, wast disclosed, and to Vivasvan through thy noble inward power.
     Heaven and Earth, Vasu! shook at the choosing of the Priest: the burthen thou didst bear, didst worship mighty Gods.
4. Agni thou madest heaven to thunder for mankind; thou, yet more pious, for pious Pururavas.
     When thou art rapidly freed from thy parents, first eastward they bear thee round, and, after, to the west.
5. Thou, Agni, art a Bull who makes our store increase, to be invoked by him who lifts the ladle up.
     Well knowing the oblation with the hallowing word, uniting all who live, thou lightenest first our folk
6. Agni, thou savest in the synod when pursued e’en him, farseeing One! who walks in evil ways.
     Thou, when the heroes fight for spoil which men rush, round, slayest in war the many by the hands of few.
7. For glory, Agni, day by day, thou liftest up the mortal man to highest immortality,
     Even thou who yearning for both races givest them great bliss, and to the prince grantest abundant food.
8. O Agni, highly lauded, make our singer famous that he may win us store of riches:
     May we improve the rite with new performance. O Earth and Heaven, with all the Gods, protect us.
9. O blameless Agni lying in thy Parents’ lap, a God among the Gods, be watchful for our good.
     Former of bodies, be the singer’s Providence: all good things hast thou sown for him, auspicious One!
10. Agni, thou art our Providence, our Father thou: we are thy brethren and thou art our spring of life.
     In thee, rich in good heroes, guard of high decrees, meet hundred, thousand treasures, O infallible!
11. Thee, Agni, have the Gods made the first living One for living man, Lord of the house of Nahusa.
     Ila they made the teacher of the sons of men, what time a Son was born to the father of my race.
12. Worthy to be revered, O Agni, God, preserve our wealthy patrons with thy succours, and ourselves.
     Guard of our seed art thou, aiding our cows to bear, incessantly protecting in thy holy way.
13. Agni, thou art a guard close to the pious man; kindled art thou, four-eyed! for him who is unarmed.
     With fond heart thou acceptest e’en the poor man’s prayer, when he hath brought his gift to gain security.
14. Thou, Agni gainest for the loudly-praising priest the highest wealth, the object of a man’s desire.
     Thou art called Father, caring even for the weak, and wisest, to the simple one thou teachest lore.
15. Agni, the man who giveth guerdon to the priests, like well-sewn armour thou guardest on every side.
     He who with grateful food shows kindness in his house, an offerer to the living, is the type of heaven.
16. Pardon, we pray, this sin of ours, O Agni,–the path which we have trodden, widely straying,
     Dear Friend and Father, caring for the pious, who speedest nigh and who inspirest mortals.
17. As erst to Manus, to Yayati, Angiras, so Angiras! pure Agni! come thou to our hall
     Bring hither the celestial host and seat them here upon the sacred grass, and offer what they love.
18. By this our prayer be thou, O Agni, strengthened, prayer made by us after our power and knowledge.
     Lead thou us, therefore, to increasing riches; endow us with thy strength-bestowing favour.

Mandala 1, Hymn 32.

1. I WILL declare the manly deeds of Indra, the first that he achieved, the Thunder-wielder.
     He slew the Dragon, then disclosed the waters, and cleft the channels of the mountain torrents.
2. He slew the Dragon lying on the mountain: his heavenly bolt of thunder Tvastar fashioned.
     Like lowing kine in rapid flow descending the waters glided downward to the ocean.
3. Impetuous as a bull, he chose the Soma and in three sacred beakers drank the juices.
     Maghavan grasped the thunder for his weapon, and smote to death this firstborn of the dragons.
4. When, Indra, thou hadst slain the dragon’s firstborn, and overcome the charms of the enchanters,
     Then, giving life to Sun and Dawn and Heaven, thou foundest not one foe to stand against thee.
5. Indra with his own great and deadly thunder smote into pieces Vrtra, worst of Vrtras.
     As trunks of trees, what time the axe hath felled them, low on the earth so lies the prostrate Dragon.
6. He, like a mad weak warrior, challenged Indra, the great impetuous many-slaying Hero.
     He, brooking not the clashing of the weapons, crushed–Indra’s foe–the shattered forts in falling.
7. Footless and handless still he challenged Indra, who smote him with his bolt between the shoulders.
     Emasculate yet claiming manly vigour, thus Vrtra lay with scattered limbs dissevered.
8. There as he lies like a bank-bursting river, the waters taking courage flow above him.
     The Dragon lies beneath the feet of torrents which Vrtra with his greatness had encompassed.
9. Then humbled was the strength of Vrtra’s mother: Indra hath cast his deadly bolt against her.
     The mother was above, the son was under and like a cow beside her calf lay Danu.
10. Rolled in the midst of never-ceasing currents flowing without a rest for ever onward.
     The waters bear off Vrtra’s nameless body: the foe of Indra sank to during darkness.
11. Guarded by Ahi stood the thralls of Dasas, the waters stayed like kine held by the robber.
     But he, when he had smitten Vrtra, opened the cave wherein the floods had been imprisoned.
12. A horse’s tail wast thou when he, O Indra, smote on thy bolt; thou, God without a second,
     Thou hast won back the kine, hast won the Soma; thou hast let loose to flow the Seven Rivers.
13. Nothing availed him lightning, nothing thunder, hailstorm or mist which had spread around him:
     When Indra and the Dragon strove in battle, Maghavan gained the victory for ever.
14. Whom sawest thou to avenge the Dragon, Indra, that fear possessed thy heart when thou hadst slain him;
     That, like a hawk affrighted through the regions, thou crossedst nine-and-ninety flowing rivers?
15. Indra is King of all that moves and moves not, of creatures tame and horned, the Thunder-wielder.
     Over all living men he rules as Sovran, containing all as spokes within the felly.

Mandala 1, Hymn 33.

1. Come, fain for booty let us seek to Indra: yet more shall he increase his care that guides us.
     Will not the Indestructible endow us with perfect knowledge of this wealth, of cattle?
2. I fly to him invisible Wealth-giver as flies the falcon to his cherished eyrie,
     With fairest hymns of praise adoring Indra, whom those who laud him must invoke in battle.
3. Mid all his host, he bindeth on the quiver: he driveth cattle from what foe he pleaseth:
     Gathering up great store of riches, Indra. be thou no trafficker with us, most mighty.
4. Thou slewest with thy bolt the wealthy Dasyu, alone, yet going with thy helpers, Indra!
     Far from the floor of heaven in all directions, the ancient riteless ones fled to destruction.
5. Fighting with pious worshippers, the riteless turned and fled, Indra! with averted faces.
     When thou, fierce Lord of the Bay Steeds, the Stayer, blewest from earth and heaven and sky the godless.
6. They met in fight the army of the blameless: then the Navagvas put forth all their power.
     They, like emasculates with men contending, fled, conscious, by steep paths from Indra, scattered.
7. Whether they weep or laugh, thou hast o’erthrown them, O Indra, on the sky’s extremest limit.
     The Dasyu thou hast burned from heaven, and welcomed the prayer of him who pours the juice and lauds thee.
8. Adorned with their array of gold and jewels, they o’er the earth a covering veil extended.
     Although they hastened, they o’ercame not Indra: their spies he compassed with the Sun of morning.
9. As thou enjoyest heaven and earth, O Indra, on every side surrounded with thy greatness,
     So thou with priests bast blown away the Dasyu, and those who worship not with those who worship.
10. They who pervaded earth’s extremest limit subdued not with their charms the Wealth-bestower:
     Indra, the Bull, made his ally the thunder, and with its light milked cows from out the darkness.
11. The waters flowed according to their nature; he raid the navigable streams waxed mighty.
     Then Indra, with his spirit concentrated, smote him for ever with his strongest weapon.
12. Indra broke through Ilibisa’s strong castles, and Susna with his horn he cut to pieces:
     Thou, Maghavan, for all his might and swiftness, slewest thy fighting foeman with thy thunder
13. Fierce on his enemies fell Indra’s weapon: with. his sharp bull he rent their forts in pieces.
     He with his thunderbolt dealt blows on Vrtra; and conquered, executing all his purpose.
14. Indra, thou helpest Kutsa whom thou lovedst, and guardedst brave Dagadyu when he battled,
     The dust of trampling horses rose to heaven, and Svitra’s son stood up again for conquest.
15. Svitra’s mild steer, O Maghavan thou helpest in combat for the land, mid Tugra’s houses.
     Long stood they there before the task was ended: thou wast the master of the foemen’s treasure.

Mandala 1, Hymn 34.

1. Ye who observe this day be with us even thrice: far-stretching is you bounty, Asvins and your course.
     To you, as to a cloak in winter, we cleave close: you are to be drawn nigh unto us by the wise.
2. Three are the fellies in your honey-bearing car, that travels after Soma’s loved one, as all know.
     Three are the pillars set upon it for support: thrice journey ye by night, O Asvins, thrice by day.
3. Thrice in the self-same day, ye Gods who banish want, sprinkle ye thrice to-day our sacrifice with meath;
     And thrice vouchsafe us store of food with plenteous strength, at evening, O ye Asvins, and at break of day.
4. Thrice come ye to our home, thrice to the righteous folk, thrice triply aid the man who well deserves your help.
     Thrice, O ye Asvins, bring us what shall make us glad; thrice send us store of food as nevermore to fail.
5. Thrice, O ye Asvins, bring to us abundant wealth: thrice in the Gods’ assembly, thrice assist our thoughts.
     Thrice, grant ye us prosperity, thrice grant us fame; for the Sun’s daughter hath mounted your three-wheeled car.
6. Thrice, Asvins, grant to us the heavenly medicines, thrice those of earth and thrice those that the waters hold,
     Favour and health and strength bestow upon my son; triple protection, Lords of Splendour, grant to him.
7. Thrice are ye to be worshipped day by day by us: thrice, O ye Asvins, ye travel around the earth.
     Car-borne from far away, O ye Nasatyas, come, like vital air to bodies, come ye to the three.
8. Thrice, O ye Asvins, with the Seven Mother Streams; three are the jars, the triple offering is prepared.
     Three are the worlds, and moving on above the sky ye guard the firm-set vault of heaven through days and nights.
9. Where are the three wheels of your triple chariot, where are the three seats thereto firmly fastened?
     When will ye yoke the mighty ass that draws it, to bring you to our sacrifice. Nasatyas?
10. Nasatyas, come: the sacred gift is offered up; drink the sweet juice with lips that know the sweetness well.
     Savitar sends, before the dawn of day, your car, fraught with oil, various-coloured, to our sacrifice.
11. Come, O Nasatyas, with the thrice-eleven Gods; come, O ye Asvins, to the drinking of the meath.
     Make long our days of life, and wipe out all our sins: ward off our enemies; be with us evermore.
12. Borne in your triple car, O Asvins, bring us present prosperity with noble offspring.
     I cry to you who hear me for protection be ye our helpers where men win the booty.

Mandala 1, Hymn 35.

1. AGNI I first invoke for our prosperity; I call on Mitra, Varuna, to aid us here.
     I call on Night who gives rest to all moving life; I call on Savitar the God to lend us help.
2. Throughout the dusky firmament advancing, laying to rest the immortal and the mortal,
     Borne in his golden chariot he cometh, Savitar, God who looks on every creature.
3. The God moves by the upward path, the downward; with two bright Bays, adorable, he journeys.
     Savitar comes, the God from the far distance, and chases from us all distress and sorrow.
4. His chariot decked with pearl, of various colours, lofty, with golden pole, the God hath mounted,
     The many-rayed One, Savitar the holy, bound, bearing power and might, for darksome regions.
5. Drawing the gold-yoked car his Bays, white-footed, have manifested light to all the peoples.
     Held in the lap of Savitar, divine One, all men, all beings have their place for ever.
6. Three heavens there are; two Savitar’s, adjacent: in Yama’s world is one, the home of heroes,
     As on a linch-pin, firm, rest things immortal: he who hath known it let him here declare it.
7. He, strong of wing, hath lightened up the regions, deep-quivering Asura, the gentle Leader.
     Where now is Surya, where is one to tell us to what celestial sphere his ray hath wandered?
8. The earth’s eight points his brightness hath illumined, three desert regions and the Seven Rivers.
     God Savitar the gold-eyed hath come hither, giving choice treasures unto him who worships.
9. The golden-handed Savitar, far-seeing, goes on his way between the earth and heaven,
     Drives away sickness, bids the Sun approach us, and spreads the bright sky through the darksome region.
10. May he, gold-handed Asura, kind Leader, come hither to us with his help and favour.
     Driving off Raksasas and Yatudhanas, the God is present, praised in hymns at evening.
11. O Savitar, thine ancient dustless pathways are well established in the air’s mid-region:
     O God, come by those paths so fair to travel, preserve thou us from harm this day, and bless us.

Mandala 1, Hymn 36.

1. WITH words sent forth in holy hymns, Agni we supplicate, the Lord
     Of many families who duly serve the Gods, yea, him whom others also praise.
2. Men have won Agni, him who makes their strength abound: we, with oblations, worship thee.
     Our gracious-minded Helper in our deeds of might, be thou, O Excellent, this day.
3. Thee for our messenger we choose, thee, the Omniscient, for our Priest.
     The flames of thee the mighty are spread wide around: thy splendour reaches to the sky.
4. The Gods enkindle thee their ancient messenger,–Varuna, Mitra, Aryaman.
     That mortal man, O Agni, gains through thee all wealth, who hath poured offerings unto thee.
5. Thou, Agni, art a cheering Priest, Lord of the House, men’s messenger:
     All constant high decrees established by the Gods, gathered together, meet in thee.
6. In thee, the auspicious One, O Agni, youthfullest, each sacred gift is offered up:
     This day, and after, gracious, worship thou our Gods, that we may have heroic sons.
7. To him in his own splendour bright draw near in worship the devout.
     Men kindle Agni with their sacrificial gifts, victorious o’er the enemies.
8. Vrtra they smote and slew, and made the earth and heaven and firmament a wide abode.
     The glorious Bull, invoked, hath stood at Kanva’s side: loud neighed the Steed in frays for kine.
9. Seat thee, for thou art mighty; shine, best entertainer of the Gods.
     Worthy of sacred food, praised Agni! loose the smoke, ruddy and beautiful to see.
10. Bearer of offerings, whom, best sacrificing Priest, the Gods for Manu’s sake ordained;
     Whom Kanva, whom Medhyatithi made the source of wealth, and Vrsan and Upastuta.
11. Him, Agni, whom Medhyatithi, whom Kanva kindled for his rite,
     Him these our songs of praise, him, Agni, we extol: his powers shine out preeminent.
12. Make our wealth perfect thou, O Agni, Lord divine: for thou hast kinship with the Gods.
     Thou rulest as a King o’er widely-famous strength: be good to us, for thou art great.
13. Stand up erect to lend us aid, stand up like Savitar the God:
     Erect as strength-bestower we call aloud, with unguents and with priests, on thee.
14. Erect, preserve us from sore trouble; with thy flame burn thou each ravening demon dead.
     Raise thou us up that we may walk and live: so thou shalt find our worship mid the Gods.
15. Preserve us, Agni, from the fiend, preserve us from malicious wrong.
     Save us from him who fain would injure us or slay, Most Youthful, thou with lofty light.
16. Smite down as with a club, thou who hast fire for teeth, smite thou the wicked, right and left.
     Let not the man who plots against us in the night, nor any foe prevail o’er us.
17. Agni hath given heroic might to Kanva, and felicity:
     Agni hath helped our friends, hath helped Medhyatithi, hath helped Upastuta to win.
18. We call on Ugradeva, Yadu, Turvasa, by means of Agni, from afar;
     Agni, bring Navavastva and Brhadratha, Turviti, to subdue the foe.
19. Manu hath stablished thee a light, Agni, for all the race of men:
     Sprung from the Law, oil-fed, for Kanva hast thou blazed, thou whom the people reverence.
20. The flames of Agni full of splendour and of might are fearful, not to be approached.
     Consume for ever all demons and sorcerers, consume thou each devouring fiend.

Mandala 1, Hymn 37.

1. SING forth, O Kanvas, to your band of Maruts unassailable,
     Sporting, resplendent on their car
2. They who, self-luminous, were born together, with the spotted deer,
     Spears, swords, and glittering ornaments.
3. One hears, as though ‘twere close at hand, the cracking of the whips they hold
     They gather glory on their way.
4. Now sing ye forth the God-given hymn to your exultant Marut host,
     The fiercely-vigorous, the strong.
5. Praise ye the Bull among the cows; for ‘tis the Maruts’ sportive band:
     It strengthened as it drank the rain.
6. Who is your mightiest, Heroes, when, O shakers of the earth and heaven,
     Ye shake them like a garment’s hem?
7. At your approach man holds him down before the fury of your wrath:
     The rugged-jointed mountain yields.
8. They at whose racings forth the earth, like an age-weakened lord of men,
     Trembles in terror on their ways.
9. Strong is their birth: vigour have they to issue from their Mother; strength,
     Yea, even twice enough, is theirs.
10. And these, the Sons, the Singers, in their racings have enlarged the bounds,
     So that the kine must walk knee-deep.
11. Before them, on the ways they go, they drop this offspring of the cloud,
     Long, broad, and inexhaustible.
12. O Maruts, as your strength is great, so have ye cast men down on earth,
     So have ye made the mountains fall.
13. The while the Maruts pass along, they talk together on the way:
     Doth any hear them as they speak?
14. Come quick with swift steeds, for ye have worshippers among Kanva’s sons
     May you rejoice among them well.
15. All is prepared for your delight. We are their servants evermore,
     To live as long as life may last.

Mandala 1, Hymn 38.

1. WHAT now? When will ye take us by both hands, as a dear sire his son,
     Gods, for whom sacred grass is clipped?
2. Now whither? To what goal of yours go ye in heaven, and not on earth?
     Where do your cows disport themselves?
3. Where are your newest favours shown? Where, Maruts, your prosperity?
     Where all your high felicities?
4. If, O ye Maruts, ye the Sons whom Prsni bore, were mortal, and
     Immortal he who sings your praise.
5. Then never were your praiser loathed like a wild beast in pasture-land,
     Nor should he go on Yama’s path.
6. Let not destructive plague on plague hard to be conquered, strike its down:
     Let each, with drought, depart from us.
7. Truly, they the fierce and mighty Sons of Rudra send their windless
     Rain e’en on the desert places.
8. Like a cow the lightning lows and follows, motherlike, her youngling,
     When their rain-flood hath been loosened.
9. When they inundate the earth they spread forth darkness e’en in day time,
     With the water-laden rain-cloud.
10. O Maruts, at your voice’s sound this earthly habitation shakes,
     And each man reels who dwells therein.
11. O Maruts, with your strong-hoofed steeds, unhindered in their courses, haste
     Along the bright embanked streams.
12. Firm be the fellies of your wheels, steady your horses and your cars,
     And may your reins be fashioned well.
13. Invite thou hither with this song, for praise, Agni the Lord of Prayer,
     Him who is fair as Mitra is.
14. Form in thy mouth the hymn of praise expand thee like, a rainy cloud
     Sing forth the measured eulogy.
15. Sing glory to the Marut host, praiseworthy, tuneful, vigorous:
     Here let the Strong Ones dwell with us.

Mandala 1, Hymn 39.

1. WHEN thus, like flame, from far away, Maruts, ye cast your measure forth,
     To whom go Ye, to whom, O shakers of the earth, moved by whose wisdom, whose design?
2. Strong let your weapons be to drive away your foes, firm for resistance let them be.
     Yea, passing glorious must be your warrior might, not as a guileful mortal’s strength.
3. When what is strong ye overthrow, and whirl about each ponderous thing,
     Heroes, your course is through the forest trees of earth, and through the fissures of the rocks.
4. Consumers of your foes, no enemy of yours is found in heaven or on the earth:
     Ye Rudras, may the strength, held in this bond, be yours, to bid defiance even now.
5. They make the mountains rock and reel, they rend the forest-kings apart.
     Onward, ye Maruts, drive, like creatures drunk with wine, ye, Gods with all your company.
6. Ye to your chariot have yoked the spotted deer: a red deer, as a leader, draws.
     Even the Earth herself listened as ye came near, and men were sorely terrified.
7. O Rudras, quickly we desire your succour for this work of ours.
     Come to us with your aid as in the days of old, so now for frightened Kanva’s sake.
8. Should any monstrous foe, O Maruts, sent by you or sent by mortals threaten us,
     Tear ye him from us with your power and with your might, and with the succours that are yours.
9. For ye, the worshipful and wise, have guarded Kanva perfectly.
     O Maruts, come to us with full protecting help, as lightning flashes seek the rain.
10. Whole strength have ye, O Bounteous Ones; perfect, earth-shakers, is your might.
     Maruts, against the poet’s wrathful enemy send ye an enemy like a dart.

Mandala 1, Hymn 39.

Mandala 1, Hymn 40.

1. O BRAMANASPATI, stand up: God-serving men we pray to thee.
     May they who give good gifts, the Maruts, come to us. Indra, most swift, be thou with them.
2. O Son of Strength, each mortal calls to thee for aid when spoil of battle waits for him.
     O Maruts, may this man who loves you well obtain wealth of good steeds and hero might.
3. May Brahmanaspati draw nigh, may Sunrta the Goddess come,
     And Gods bring to this rite which gives the five-fold gift the Hero, lover of mankind.
4. He who bestows a noble guerdon on the priest wins fame that never shall decay.
     For him we offer sacred hero-giving food, peerless and conquering easily.
5. Now Brahmanaspati speaks forth aloud the solemn hymn of praise,
     Wherein Indra and Varuna, Mitra, Aryaman, the Gods, have made their dwelling place.
6. May we in holy synods, Gods! recite that hymn, peerless, that brings felicity.
     If you, O Heroes, graciously accept this word, may it obtain all bliss from you.
7. Who shall approach the pious? who the man whose sacred grass is trimmed?
     The offerer with his folk advances more and more: he fills his house with precious things.
8. He amplifies his lordly might, with kings he slays: e’en mid alarms he dwells secure
     In great or lesser fight none checks him, none subdues,–the wielder of the thunderbolt.

Mandala 1, Hymn 41.

1. NE’ER is he injured whom the Gods Varuna, Mitra, Aryaman,
     The excellently wise, protect.
2. He prospers ever, free from scathe, whom they, as with full hands, enrich,
     Whom they preserve from every foe.
3. The Kings drive far away from him his troubles and his enemies,
     And lead him safely o’er distress.
4. Thornless, Adityas, is the path, easy for him who seeks the Law:
     With him is naught to anger you.
5. What sacrifice, Adityas, ye Heroes guide by the path direct,–
     May that come nigh unto your thought.
6. That mortal, ever unsubdued, gains wealth and every precious thing,
     And children also of his own.
7. How, my friends, shall we prepare Aryaman’s and Mitra’s laud,
     Glorious food of Varuna?
8. I point not out to you a man who strikes the pious, or reviles:
     Only with hymns I call you nigh.
9. Let him not love to speak ill words: but fear the One who holds all four
     Within his hand, until they fall.

Mandala 1, Hymn 42.

1. SHORTEN our ways, O Pusan, move aside obstruction in the path:
     Go close before us, cloud-born God.
2. Drive, Pusan, from our road the wolf, the wicked inauspicious wolf,
     Who lies in wait to injure us.
3. Who lurks about the path we take, the robber with a guileful heart:
     Far from the road chase him away.
4. Tread with thy foot and trample out the firebrand of the wicked one,
     The double-tongued, whoe’er he be.
5. Wise Pusan, Wonder-Worker, we claim of thee now the aid wherewith
     Thou furtheredst our sires of old.
6. So, Lord of all prosperity, best wielder of the golden sword,
     Make riches easy to be won.
7. Past all pursuers lead us, make pleasant our path and fair to tread:
     O Pusan, find thou power for this.
8. Lead us to meadows rich in grass: send on our way no early heat:
     O Pusan, find thou power for this.
9. Be gracious to us, fill us full, give, feed us, and invigorate:
     O Pusan, find thou power for this.
10. No blame have we for Pusan; him we magnify with songs of praise:
     We seek the Mighty One for wealth.

Mandala 1, Hymn 43.

1. WHAT shall we sing to Rudra, strong, most bounteous, excellently wise,
     That shall be dearest to his heart?
2. That Aditi may grant the grace of Rudra to our folk, our kine,
     Our cattle and our progeny;
3. That Mitra and that Varuna, that Rudra may remember us,
     Yea, all the Gods with one accord.
4. To Rudra Lord of sacrifice, of hymns and balmy medicines,
     We pray for joy and health and strength.
5. He shines in splendour like the Sun, refulgent as bright gold is he,
     The good, the best among the Gods.
6. May he grant health into our steeds, wellbeing to our rams and ewes,
     To men, to women, and to kine.
7. O Soma, set thou upon us the glory of a hundred men,
     The great renown of mighty chiefs.
8. Let not malignities, nor those who trouble Soma, hinder us.
     Indu, give us a share of strength.
9. Soma! head, central point, love these; Soma! know these as serving thee,
     Children of thee Immortal, at the highest place of holy law.

Mandala 1, Hymn 44.

1. IMMORTAL Jatavedas, thou many-hued fulgent gift of Dawn,
     Agni, this day to him who pays oblations bring the Gods who waken with the morn.
2. For thou art offering-bearer and loved messenger, the charioteer of sacrifice:
     Accordant with the Asvins and with Dawn grant us heroic strength and lofty fame.
3. As messenger we choose to-day Agni the good whom many love,
     Smoke-bannered spreader of the light, at break of day glory of sacrificial rites.
4. Him noblest and most youthful, richly worshipped guest, dear to the men who offer gifts,
     Him, Agni Jatavedas, I beseech at dawn that he may bring the Gods to us.
5. Thee, Agni, will I glorify, deathless nourisher of the world,
     Immortal, offering-bearer, meet for sacred food, preserver, best at sacrifice.
6. Tell good things to thy praiser, O most youthful God, as richly worshipped, honey-tongued,
     And, granting to Praskanva lengthened days of life, show honour to the Heavenly Host.
7. For the men, Agni, kindle thee as all possessor and as Priest;
     So Agni, much-invoked, bring hither with all speed the Gods, the excellently wise,
8. At dawn of day, at night, Usas and Savitar, the Asvins, Bhaga, Agni’s self:
     Skilled in fair rites, with Soma poured, the Kanvas light thee, the oblation-wafting God.
9. For, Agni, Lord of sacrifice and messenger of men art thou:
     Bring thou the Gods who wake at dawn who see the light, this day to drink the Soma juice.
10. Thou shonest forth, O Agni, after former dawns, all visible, O rich in light.
     Thou art our help in battle-strife, the Friend of man, the great high priest in sacrifice.
11. Like Manu, we will stablish thee, Agni, performer of the rite,
     Invoker, ministering Priest, exceeding wise, the swift immortal messenger.
12. When as the Gods’ High Priest, by many loved, thou dost their mission as their nearest Friend,
     Then, like the far-resounding billows of the flood, thy flames, O Agni, roar aloud.
13. Hear, Agni, who hast ears to hear, with all thy train of escort Gods;
     Let Mitra, Aryaman, seeking betimes our rite, seat them upon the sacred grass.
14. Let those who strengthen Law, who bountifully give, the life-tongued Maruts, hear our praise.
     May Law-supporting Varuna with the Asvins twain and Usas, drink the Soma juice.

Mandala 1, Hymn 45.

1. WORSHIP the Vasus, Agni! here, the Rudras, the Adityas, all
     Who spring from Manu, those who know fair rites, who pour their blessings down.
2. Agni, the Gods who understand give ear unto the worshipper:
     Lord of Red Steeds, who lovest song, bring thou those Three-and-Thirty Gods.
3. O Jatavedas, great in act, hearken thou to Praskanva’s call,
     As Priyamedha erst was heard, Atri, Virupa, Angiras.
4. The sons of Priyamedha skilled in lofty praise have called for help
     On Agni who with fulgent flame is Ruler of all holy rites.
5. Hear thou, invoked with holy oil, bountiful giver of rewards,
     These eulogies, whereby the sons of Kanva call thee to their aid.
6. O Agni, loved by many, thou of fame most wondrous, in their homes
     Men call on thee whose hair is flame, to be the bearer of their gifts.
7. Thee, Agni, best to find out wealth, most widely famous, quick to hear,
     Singers have stablished in their rites Herald and ministering Priest.
8. Singers with Soma pressed have made thee, Agni, hasten to the feast,
     Great light to mortal worshipper, what time they bring the sacred gift.
9. Good, bounteous, Son of Strength, this day seat here on sacred grass the Gods
     Who come at early morn, the host of heaven, to drink the Soma juice
10. Bring with joint invocations thou, O Agni, the celestial host:
     Here stands the Soma, bounteous Gods drink this expressed ere yesterday.

Mandala 1, Hymn 46.

1. Now Morning with her earliest light shines forth, dear Daughter of the Sky:
     High, Asvins, I extol your praise,
2. Sons of the Sea, mighty to save discoverers of riches, ye
     Gods with deep thought who find out wealth.
3. Your giant coursers hasten on over the region all in flames, 
     When your car flies with winged steeds.
4. He, liberal, lover of the flood, Lord of the House, the vigilant,
     Chiefs! with oblations feeds you full.
5. Ye have regard unto our hymns, Nasatyas, thinking of our words:
     Drink boldly of the Soma juice.
6. Vouchsafe to us, O Asvin Pair, such strength as, with attendant light,
     May through the darkness carry us.
7. Come in the ship of these our hymns to bear you to the hither shore
     O Asvins, harness ye the car.
8. The heaven’s wide vessel is your own on the flood’s shore your chariot waits
     Drops, with the hymn, have been prepared.
9. Kanvas, the drops are in the heaven; the wealth is at the waters’ place:
     Where will ye manifest your form?
10. Light came to lighten up the branch, the Sun appeared as it were gold:
     And with its tongue shone forth the dark.
11. The path of sacrifice was made to travel to the farther goal:
     The road of heaven was manifest.
12. The singer of their praise awaits whatever grace the Asvins give,
     who save when Soma gladdens them.
13. Ye dwellers with Vivasvan come, auspicious, as to Manu erst;
     come to the Soma and our praise.
14. O circumambient Asvins, Dawn follows the brightness of your way:
     Approve with beams our solemn rites.
15. Drink ye of our libations, grant protection, O ye Asvins Twain,
     With aids which none may interrupt.

Mandala 1, Hymn 47.

1. ASVINS, for you who strengthen Law this sweetest Soma hath been shed.
     Drink this expressed ere yesterday and give riches to him who offers it.
2. Come, O ye Asvins, mounted on your triple car three-seated, beautiful of form
     To you at sacrifice the Kanvas send the prayer: graciously listen to their call.
3. O Asvins, ye who strengthen Law, drink ye this sweetest Soma juice.
     Borne on your wealth-fraught car come ye this day to him who offers, ye of wondrous deeds.
4. Omniscient Asvins, on the thrice-heaped grass bedew with the sweet juice the sacrifice.
     The sons of Kanva, striving heavenward, call on you with draughts of Soma juice out-poured.
5. O Asvins, with those aids wherewith ye guarded Kanva carefully,
     Keep us, O Lords of Splendour: drink the Soma juice, ye strengtheners of holy law.
6. O Mighty Ones, ye gave Sudas abundant food, brought on your treasure-laden car;
     So now vouchsafe to us the wealth which many crave, either from heaven or from the sea.
7. Nasatyas, whether ye be far away or close to Turvasa,
     Borne on your lightly-rolling chariot come to us, together with the sunbeams come.
8. So let your coursers, ornaments of sacrifice, bring you to our libations here.
     Bestowing food on him who acts and gives aright, sit, Chiefs, upon the sacred grass.
9. Come, O Nasatyas, on your car decked with a sunbright canopy,
     Whereon ye ever bring wealth to the worshipper, to drink the Soma’s pleasant juice.
10. With lauds and songs of praise we call them down to us, that they, most rich, may succour us;
     For ye have ever in the Kanvas’ well-loved house, O Asvins, drunk the Soma juice.

Mandala 1, Hymn 48.

1. DAWN on us with prosperity, O Usas, Daughter of the Sky,
     Dawn with great glory, Goddess, Lady of the Light, dawn thou with riches, Bounteous One.
2. They, bringing steeds and kine, boon-givers of all wealth, have oft sped forth to lighten us.
     O Usas, waken up for me the sounds of joy: send us the riches of the great.
3. Usas hath dawned, and now shall dawn, the Goddess, driver forth of cars
     Which, as she cometh nigh, have fixed their thought on her, like glory-seekers on the flood.
4. Here Kanva, chief of Kanva’s race, sings forth aloud the glories of the heroes’ names,–
     The. princes who, O Usas, as thou comest near, direct their thoughts to liberal gifts.
5. Like a good matron Usas comes carefully tending everything:
     Rousing all life she stirs all creatures that have feet, and makes the birds of air fly up.
6. She sends the busy forth, each man to his pursuit: delay she knows not as she springs.
     O rich in opulence, after thy dawning birds that have flown forth no longer rest.
7. This Dawn hath yoked her steeds afar, beyond the rising of the Sun:
     Borne on a hundred chariots she, auspicious Dawn, advances on her way to Men.
8. To meet her glance all living creatures bend them down: Excellent One, she makes the light.
     Usas, the Daughter of the Sky, the opulent, shines foes and enmities away.
9. Shine on us with thy radiant light, O Usas, Daughter of the Sky,
     Bringing to us great store of high felicity, and beaming on our solemn rites.
10. For in thee is each living creature’s breath and life, when, Excellent! thou dawnest forth.
     Borne on thy lofty car, O Lady of the Light, hear, thou of wondrous wealth, our call.
11. O Usas, win thyself the strength which among men is wonderful.
     Bring thou thereby the pious unto holy rites, those who as priests sing praise to thee.
12. Bring from the firmament, O Usas, all the Gods, that they may drink our Soma juice,
     And, being what thou art, vouchsafe us kine and steeds, strength meet for praise and hero might.
13. May Usas whose auspicious rays are seen resplendent round about,
     Grant us great riches, fair in form, of all good things, wealth which light labour may attain.
14. Mighty One, whom the Rsis of old time invoked for their protection and their help,
     O Usas, graciously answer our songs of praise with bounty and with brilliant light.
15. Usas, as thou with light to day hast opened the twin doors of heaven,
     So grant thou us a dwelling wide and free from foes. O Goddess, give us food with kine.
16. Bring us to wealth abundant, sent in every shape, to plentiful refreshing food,
     To all-subduing splendour, Usas, Mighty One, to strength, thou rich in spoil and wealth.

Mandala 1, Hymn 49.

1. E’EN from above the sky’s bright realm come, Usas, by auspicious ways:
     Let red steeds bear thee to the house of him who pours the Soma, juice.
2. The chariot which thou mountest, fair of shape, O Usas light to move,–
     Therewith, O Daughter of the Sky, aid men of noble fame today.
3. Bright Usas, when thy times return, all quadrupeds and bipeds stir,
     And round about flock winged birds from all the boundaries of heaven.
4. Thou dawning with thy beams of light illumest all the radiant realm.
     Thee, as thou art, the Kanvas, fain for wealth, have called with sacred songs.

Mandala 1, Hymn 50.

1. HIS bright rays bear him up aloft, the God who knoweth all that lives,
     Surya, that all may look on him.
2. The constellations pass away, like thieves, together with their beams,
     Before the all-beholding Sun.
3. His herald rays are seen afar refulgent o’er the world of men,
     Like flames of fire that burn and blaze.
4. Swift and all beautiful art thou, O Surya, maker of the light,
     Illuming all the radiant realm.
5. Thou goest to the hosts of Gods, thou comest hither to mankind,
     Hither all light to be beheld.
6. With that same eye of thine wherewith thou lookest brilliant Varuna,
     Upon the busy race of men,
7. Traversing sky and wide mid-air, thou metest with thy beams our days,
     Sun, seeing all things that have birth.
8. Seven Bay Steeds harnessed to thy car bear thee, O thou farseeing One,
     God, Surya, with the radiant hair.
9. Surya hath yoked the pure bright Seven, the daughters of the car; with these,
     His own dear team, he goeth forth.
10. Looking upon the loftier light above the darkness we have come
     To Surya, God among the Gods, the light that is most excellent.
11. Rising this day, O rich in friends, ascending to the loftier heaven,
     Surya remove my heart’s disease, take from me this my yellow hue.
12. To parrots and to starlings let us give away my yellowness,
     Or this my yellowness let us transfer to Haritala trees.
13. With all his conquering vigour this Aditya hath gone up on high,
     Giving my foe into mine hand: let me not be my foeman’s prey.

Mandala 1, Hymn 51.

1. MAKE glad with songs that Ram whom many men invoke, worthy of songs of praise, Indra, the sea of wealth;
     Whose gracious deeds for men spread like the heavens abroad: sing praise to him the Sage, most liberal for our good.
2. As aids the skilful Rbhus yearned to Indra strong to save, who fills mid-air, encompassed round with might,
     Rushing in rapture; and o’er Satakratu came the gladdening shout that urged him on to victory.
3. Thou hast disclosed the kine’s stall for the Angirases, and made a way for Atri by a hundred doors.
     On Vimada thou hast bestowed both food and wealth, making thy bolt dance in the sacrificer’s fight.
4. Thou hast unclosed the prisons of the waters; thou hast in the mountain seized the treasure rich in gifts.
     When thou hadst slain with might the dragon Vrtra, thou, Indra, didst raise the Sun in heaven for all to see.
5. With wondrous might thou blewest enchanter fiends away, with powers celestial those who called on thee in jest.
     Thou, hero-hearted, hast broken down Pipru’s forts, and helped Rjisvan when the Dasyus were struck dead.
6. Thou savedst Kutsa when Susna was smitten down; to Atithigva gavest Sambara for a prey.
     E’en mighty Arbuda thou troddest under foot: thou from of old wast born to strike the Dasyus dead.
7. All power and might is closely gathered up in thee; thy bounteous spirit joys in drinking Soma juice.
     Known is the thunderbolt that lies within thine arms: rend off therewith all manly prowess of our foe.
8. Discern thou well Aryas and Dasyus; punishing the lawless give them up to him whose grass is strewn.
     Be thou the sacrificer’s strong encourager all these thy deeds are my delight at festivals.
9. Indra gives up the lawless to the pious man, destroying by the Strong Ones those who have no strength.
     Vamra when glorified destroyed the gathered piles of the still waxing great one who would reach the heaven.
10. The might which Usana hath formed for thee with might rends in its greatness and with strength both worlds apart.
     O Hero-souled, the steeds of Vata, yoked by thought, have carried thee to fame while thou art filled with power.
11. When Indra hath rejoiced with Kavya Usana, he mounts his steeds who swerve wider and wider yet.
     The Strong hath loosed his bolt with the swift rush of rain, and he hath rent in pieces Susna’s firm-built forts.
12. Thou mountest on thy car amid strong Soma draughts: Saryata brought thee those in which thou hast delight.
     Indra, when thou art pleased with men whose Soma flows thou risest to unchallenged glory in the sky.
13. To old Kaksivan, Soma-presser, skilled in song, O Indra, thou didst give the youthful Vrcaya.
     Thou, very wise, wast Mena, Vrsanaiva’s child: those deeds of thine must all be told at Soma feasts.
14. The good man’s refuge in his need is Indra, firm as a doorpost, praised among the Pajras.
     Indra alone is Lord of wealth, the Giver, lover of riches, chariots, kine, and horses.
15. To him the Mighty One, the self-resplendent, verily strong and great, this praise is uttered.
     May we and all the heroes, with the princes, be, in this fray, O Indra, in thy keeping.

Mandala 1, Hymn 52.

1. I GLORIFY that Ram who finds the light of heaven, whose hundred nobly-natured ones go forth with him.
     With hymns may I turn hither Indra to mine aid,–the Car which like a strong steed hasteth to the call.
2. Like as a mountain on firm basis, unremoved, he, thousandfold protector, waxed in mighty strength,
     When Indra, joying in the draughts of Soma juice, forced the clouds, slaying Vrtra stayer of their flow.
3. For he stays e’en the stayers, spread o’er laden cloud, rooted in light, strengthened in rapture by the wise.
     Indra with thought, with skilled activity, I call, most liberal giver, for he sates him with the juice.
4. Whom those that flow in heaven on sacred grass, his own assistants, nobly-natured, fill full like the sea,–
     Beside that Indra when he smote down Vrtra stood his helpers, straight in form, mighty, invincible.
5. To him, as in wild joy he fought with him who stayed the rain, his helpers sped like swift streams down a slope,
     When Indra, thunder-armed, made bold by Soma draughts, as Trta cleaveth Vala’s fences, cleft him through.
6. Splendour encompassed thee, forth shone thy warrior might: the rain-obstructer lay in mid-air’s lowest deep,
     What time, O Indra, thou didst cast thy thunder down upon the jaws of Vritra hard to be restrained.
7. The hymns which magnify thee, Indra, reach to thee even as water-brooks flow down and fill the lake.
     Tvastar gave yet more force to thine appropriate strength, and forged thy thunderbolt of overpowering might.
8. When, Indra, thou whose power is linked with thy Bay Steeds hadst smitten Vrtra, causing floods to flow for man,
     Thou heldst in thine arms the metal thunderbolt, and settest in the heaven the Sun for all to see.
9. In fear they raised the lofty self-resplendent hymn, praise giving and effectual, leading up to heaven,
     When Indra’s helpers fighting for the good of men, the Maruts, faithful to mankind, joyed in the light.
10. Then Heaven himself, the mighty, at that Dragon’s roar reeled back in terror when, Indra, thy thunderbolt
     In the wild joy of Soma had struck off with might the head of Vrtra, tyrant of the earth and heaven.
11. O Indra, were this earth extended forth tenfold, and men who dwell therein multiplied day by day,
     Still here thy conquering might, Maghavan, would be famed: it hath waxed vast as heaven in majesty and power.
12. Thou, bold of heart, in thine own native might, for help, upon the limit of this mid-air and of heaven,
     Hast made the earth to be the pattern of thy strength: embracing flood and light thou reachest to the sky.
13. Thou art the counterpart of earth, the Master of lofty heaven with all its mighty Heroes:
     Thou hast filled all the region with thy greatness: yea, of a truth there is none other like thee.
14. Whose amplitude the heaven and earth have not attained, whose bounds the waters of mid-air have never reached,–
     Not, when in joy he fights the stayer of the rain: thou, and none else, hast made all things in order due.
15. The Maruts sang thy praise in this encounter, and in thee all the Deities delighted,
     What time thou, Indra, with thy spiky weapon, thy deadly bolt, smotest the face of Vrtra.

Mandala 1, Hymn 53.

I WE will present fair praise unto the Mighty One, our hymns to Indra in Vivasvan’s dwelling-place;
     For he hath ne’er found wealth in those who seem to sleep: those who give wealth to men accept no paltry praise.
2. Giver of horses, Indra, giver, thou, of kine, giver of barley, thou art Lord and guard of wealth:
     Man’s helper from of old, not disappointing hope, Friend of our friends, to thee as such we sing this praise.
3. Indra, most splendid, powerful, rich in mighty deeds, this treasure spread around is known to be thine own.
     Gather therefrom, O Conqueror, and bring to us: fail not the hope of him who loves and sings to thee.
4. Well pleased with these bright flames and with these Soma drops, take thou away our poverty with seeds and kine.
     With Indra scattering the Dasyu through these drops, freed from their hate may we obtain abundant food.
5. Let us obtain, O Indra, plenteous wealth and food, with strength exceeding glorious, shining to the sky:
     May we obtain the Goddess Providence, the strength of heroes, special source of cattle, rich in steeds.
6. These our libations strength-inspiring, Soma draughts, gladdened thee in the fight with Vrtra, Hero Lord,
     What time thou slewest for the singer with trimmed grass ten thousand Vrtras, thou resistless in thy might.
7. Thou goest on from fight to fight intrepidly, destroying castle after castle here with strength.
     Thou, Indra, with thy friend who makes the foe bow down, slewest from far away the guileful Namuci.
8. Thou hast struck down in death KaraÃƒÂ±ja, Parnaya, in Atithigva’s very glorious going forth.
     Unyielding, when Rjisvan compassed them with siege, thou hast destroyed the hundred forts of Vangrida.
9. With all-outstripping chariot-wheel, O Indra, thou far-famed, hast overthrown the twice ten Kings of men,
     With sixty thousand nine-and-ninety followers, who came in arms to fight with friendless Susravas.
10. Thou hast protected Susravas with succour, and Turvayana with thine aid, O Indra.
     Thou madest Kutsa, Atithigva, Ayu, subject unto this King, the young, the mighty.
11. May we protected by the Gods hereafter remain thy very prosperous friends, O Indra.
     Thee we extol, enjoying through thy favour life long and joyful and with store of heroes.

Mandala 1, Hymn 54.

1. URGE us not, Maghavan, to this distressful fight, for none may comprehend the limit of thy strength.
     Thou with fierce shout hast made the woods and rivers roar: did not men run in crowds together in their fear?
2. Sing hymns of praise to Sakra, Lord of power and might; laud thou and magnify Indra who heareth thee,
     Who with his daring might, a Bull exceeding strong in strength, maketh him master of the heaven and earth.
3. Sing forth to lofty Dyaus a strength-bestowing song, the Bold, whose resolute mind hath independent sway.
     High glory hath the Asura, compact of strength, drawn on by two Bay Steeds: a Bull, a Car is he.
4. The ridges of the lofty heaven thou madest shake; thou, daring, of thyself smotest through Sambara,
     When bold with gladdening juice, thou warredst with thy bolt, sharp and two-edged, against the banded sorcerers.
5. When with a roar that fills the woods, thou forcest down on wind’s head the stores which Susna kept confined,
     Who shall have power to stay thee firm and eager-souled from doing still this day what thou of old hast done?
6. Thou helpest Narya, Turvasa, and Yadu, and Vayya’s son Turviti, Satakratu!
     Thou helpest horse and car in final battle thou breakest down the nine-and-ninety castles.
7. A hero-lord is he, King of a mighty folk, who offers free oblations and promotes the Law,
     Who with a bounteous guerdon welcomes hymns of praise: for him flows down the abundant stream below the sky.
8. His power is matchless, matchless is his wisdom; chief, through their work, be some who drink the Soma,
     Those, Indra, who increase the lordly power, the firm heroic strength of thee the Giver.
9. Therefore for thee are these abundant beakers Indra’s drink, stone-pressed juices held in ladles.
     Quaff them and satisfy therewith thy longing; then fix thy mind upon bestowing treasure.
10. There darkness stood, the vault that stayed the waters’ flow: in Vrtra’s hollow side the rain-cloud lay concealed.
     But Indra smote the rivers which the obstructer stayed, flood following after flood, down steep declivities.
11. So give us, Indra, bliss-increasing glory give us great sway and strength that conquers people.
     Preserve our wealthy patrons, save our princes; vouchsafe us wealth and food with noble offspring.

Mandala 1, Hymn 55.

1. THOUGH e’en this heaven’s wide space and earth have spread them out, nor heaven nor earth may be in greatness Indra’s match.
     Awful and very mighty, causing woe to men, he whets his thunderbolt for sharpness, as a bull.
2. Like as the watery ocean, so doth he receive the rivers spread on all sides in their ample width.
     He bears him like a bull to drink of Soma juice, and will, as Warrior from of old, be praised for might.
3. Thou swayest, Indra, all kinds of great manly power, so as to bend, as’t were, even that famed mountain down.
     Foremost among the Gods is he through hero might, set in the van, the Strong One, for each arduous deed.
4. He only in the wood is praised by worshippers, when he shows forth to men his own fair Indra-power.
     A friendly Bull is he, a Bull to be desired when Maghavan auspiciously sends forth his voice.
5. Yet verily the Warrior in his vigorous strength stirreth up with his might great battles for mankind;
     And men have faith in Indra, the resplendent One, what time he hurleth down his bolt, his dart of death.
6. Though, fain for glory, and with strength increased on earth, he with great might destroys the dwellings made with art,
     He makes the lights of heaven shine forth secure, he bids, exceeding wise, the floods flow for his worshipper.
7. Drinker of Soma, let thy heart incline to give; bring thy Bays hitherward, O thou who hearest praise.
     Those charioteers of’ thine, best skilled to draw the rein, the rapid sunbeams, Indra, lead thee not astray.
8. Thou bearest in both hands treasure that never fails; the famed One in his body holds unvanquished might.
     O Indra, in thy members many powers abide, like wells surrounded by the ministering priests.

Mandala 1, Hymn 56.

1. FOR this man’s full libations held in ladles, he hath roused him, eager, as a horse to meet the mare.
     He stays his golden car, yoked with Bay Horses, swift, and drinks the Soma juice which strengthens for great deeds.
2. To him the guidance-following songs of praise flow full, as those who seek gain go in company to the flood.
     To him the Lord of power, the holy synod’s might, as to a hill, with speed, ascend the loving ones.
3. Victorious, great is he; in manly battle shines, unstained with dust, his might, as shines a mountain peak;
     Wherewith the iron one, fierce e’en against the strong, in rapture, fettered wily Sushna fast in bonds.
4. When Strength the Goddess, made more strong for help by thee, waits upon Indra as the Sun attends the Dawn,
     Then. he who with his might unflinching kills the gloom stirs up the dust aloft, with joy and triumphing.
5. When thou with might, upon the framework of the heaven, didst fix, across, air’s region firmly, unremoved,
     In the light-winning war, Indra, in rapturous joy, thou smotest Vrtra dead and broughtest floods of rain.
6. Thou with thy might didst grasp, the holder-up of heaven, thou who art mighty also in the seats of earth.
     Thou, gladdened by the juice, hast set the waters free, and broken Vrtra’s stony fences through and through.

Mandala 1, Hymn 57.

1. To him most liberal, lofty Lord of lofty wealth, verily powerful and strong, I bring my hymn,–
     Whose checkless bounty, as of waters down a slope, is spread abroad for all that live, to give them strength.
2. Now all this world, for worship, shall come after thee–the offerer’s libations like floods to the depth,
     When the well-loved one seems to rest upon the hill, the thunderbolt of Indra, shatterer wrought of gold.
3. To him the terrible, most meet for lofty praise, like bright Dawn, now bring gifts with reverence in this rite,
     Whose being, for renown, yea, Indra-power and light, have been created, like bay steeds, to move with speed.
4. Thine, Indra, praised by many, excellently rich! are we who trusting in thy help draw near to thee.
     Lover of praise, none else but thou receives our laud: as earth loves all her creatures, love thou this our hymn.
5. Great is thy power, O Indra, we are thine. Fulfil, O Maghavan, the wish of this thy worshipper.
     After thee lofty heaven hath measured out its strength: to thee and to thy power this earth hath bowed itself.
6. Thou, who hast thunder for thy weapon, with thy bolt hast shattered into pieces this broad massive cloud.
     Thou hast sent down the obstructed floods that they may flow: thou hast, thine own for ever, all victorious might.

Mandala 1, Hymn 57.

Mandala 1, Hymn 58.

1. NE’ER waxeth faint the Immortal, Son of Strength, since he, the Herald, hath become Vivasvan’s messenger.
     On paths most excellent he measured out mid-air: he with oblation calls to service of the Gods.
2. Never decaying, seizing his appropriate food, rapidly, eagerly through the dry wood he spreads.
     His back, as he is sprinkled, glistens like a horse: loud hath he roared and shouted like the heights of heaven?
3. Set high in place o’er all that Vasus, Rudras do, immortal, Lord of riches, seated as High Priest;
     Hastening like a car to men, to those who live, the God without delay gives boons to be desired.
4. Urged by the wind be spreads through dry wood as he lists, armed with his tongues for sickles, with a mighty roar.
     Black is thy path, Agni, changeless, with glittering waves! when like a bull thou rushest eager to the trees.
5. With teeth of flame, wind-driven, through the wood he speeds, triumphant like a bull among the herd of cows,
     With bright strength roaming to the everlasting air: things fixed, things moving quake before him as he flies.
6. The Bhrgus established thee among mankind for men, like as a treasure, beauteous, easy to invoke;
     Thee, Agni, as a herald and choice-worthy guest, as an auspicious Friend to the Celestial Race.
7. Agni, the seven tongues’ deftest Sacrificer, him whom the priests elect at solemn worship,
     The Herald, messenger of all the Vasus, I serve with dainty food, I ask for riches.
8. Grant, Son of Strength, thou rich in friends, a refuge without a flaw this day to us thy praisers.
     O Agni, Son of Strength, with forts of iron preserve thou from distress the man who lauds thee.
9. Be thou a refuge, Bright One, to the singer, a shelter, Bounteous Lord, to those who worship.
     Preserve the singer from distress, O Agni. May he, enriched with prayer, come soon and early.

Mandala 1, Hymn 59.

1. THE other fires are, verily, thy branches; the Immortals all rejoice in thee, O Agni.
     Centre art thou, Vaisvanara, of the people, sustaining men like a deep-founded pillar.
2. The forehead of the sky, earth’s centre, Agni became the messenger of earth and heaven.
     Vaisvanara, the Deities produced thee, a God, to be a light unto the Arya.
3. As in the Sun firm rays are set for ever, treasures are in Vaisvanara, in Agni.
     Of all the riches in the hills, the waters, the herbs, among mankind, thou art the Sovran.
4. As the great World-halves, so are their Son’s praises; skilled, as a man, to act, is he the Herald.
     Vaisvanara, celestial, truly mighty, most manly One, hath many a youthful consort.
5. Even the lofty heaven, O Jatavedas Vaisvanara, hath not attained thy greatness.
     Thou art the King of lands where men are settled, thou hast brought comfort to the Gods in battle.
6. Now will I tell the greatness of the Hero whom Puru’s sons follow as Vrtra’s slayer:
     Agni Vaisvanara struck down the Dasyu, cleave Sambara through and shattered down his fences.
7. Vaisvanara, dwelling by his might with all men, far-shining, holy mid the Bharadvajas,
     Is lauded, excellent, with hundred praises by Purunitha, son of Satavani.

Mandala 1, Hymn 60.

1. As ‘twere Some goodly treasure Matarisvan brought, as a gift, the glorious Priest to Bhrgu,
     Banner of sacrifice, the good Protector, child of two births, the swiftly moving envoy.
2. Both Gods and men obey this Ruler’s order, Gods who are worshipped, men who yearn and worship.
     As Priest he takes his seat ere break of morning, House-Lord, adorable with men, Ordainer.
3. May our fair praise, heart-born, most recent, reach him whose tongue, e’en at his birth, is sweet as honey;
     Whom mortal priests, men, with their strong endeavour, supplied with dainty viands, have created.
4. Good to mankind, the yearning Purifier hath among men been placed as Priest choice-worthy.
     May Agni be our Friend, Lord of the Household, protector of the riches in the dwelling.
5. As such we Gotamas with hymns extol thee, O Agni, as the guardian Lord of riches,
     Decking thee like a horse, the swift prizewinner. May he, enriched with prayer, come soon and early.

Mandala 1, Hymn 61.

1. EVEN to him, swift, strong and high. exalted, I bring my song of praise as dainty viands,
     My thought to him resistless, praise-deserving, prayers offered most especially to Indra.
2. Praise, like oblation, I present, and utter aloud my song, my fair hymn to the Victor.
     For Indra, who is Lord of old, the singers have decked their lauds with heart and mind and spirit.
3. To him then with my lips mine adoration, winning heaven’s light, most excellent, I offer,
     To magnify with songs of invocation and with fair hymns the Lord, most bounteous Giver.
4. Even for him I frame a laud, as fashions the wright a chariot for the man who needs it,–
     Praises to him who gladly hears our praises, a hymn well-formed, all-moving, to wise Indra.
5. So with my tongue I deck, to please that Indra, my hymn, as ‘twere a horse, through love of glory,
     To reverence the Hero, bounteous Giver, famed far and wide, destroyer of the castles.
6. Even for him hath Tvastar forged the thunder, most deftly wrought, celestial, for the battle,
     Wherewith he reached the vital parts of Vrtra, striking-the vast, the mighty with the striker.
7. As soon as, at libations of his mother, great Visnu had drunk up the draught, he plundered.
     The dainty cates, the cooked mess; but One stronger transfixed the wild boar, shooting through the mountain.
8. To him, to Indra, when he slew the Dragon, the Dames, too, Consorts of the Gods, wove praises.
     The mighty heaven and earth hath he encompassed: thy greatness heaven and earth, combined, exceed not.
9. Yea, of a truth, his magnitude surpasseth the magnitude of earth, mid-air, and heaven.
     Indra, approved by all men, self-resplendent, waxed in his home, loud-voiced and strong for battle.
10. Through his own strength Indra with bolt of thunder cut piece-meal Vrtra, drier up of waters.
     He let the floods go free, like cows imprisoned, for glory, with a heart inclined to bounty.
11. The rivers played, through his impetuous splendour, since with his bolt he compassed them on all sides.
     Using his might and favouring him who worshipped, he made a ford, victorious, for Turviti.
12. Vast, with thine ample power, with eager movement, against this Vrtra cast thy bolt of thunder.
     Rend thou his joints, as of an ox, dissevered, with bolt oblique, that floods of rain may follow.
13. Sing with new lauds his exploits wrought aforetime, the deeds of him, yea, him who moveth swiftly,
     When, hurling forth his weapons in the battle, he with impetuous wrath lays low the foemen.
14. When he, yea, he, comes forth the firm. Set mountains and the whole heaven and earth, tremble for terror.
     May Nodhas, ever praising the protection of that dear Friend, gain quickly strength heroic.
15. Now unto him of these things hath been given what he who rules alone o’er much, electeth.
     Indra hath helped Etasa, Soma-presser, contending in the race of steeds with Surya.
16. Thus to thee, Indra, yoker of Bay Coursers, the Gotamas have brought their prayers to please thee.
     Bestow upon them thought, decked with all beauty. May he, enriched with prayer, come soon and early.

Mandala 1, Hymn 62.

1. LIKE Angiras a gladdening laud we ponder to him who loveth song, exceeding mighty.
     Let us sing glory to the far-famed Hero who must be praised with fair hymns by the singer.
2. Unto the great bring ye great adoration, a chant with praise to him exceeding mighty,
     Through whom our sires, Angirases, singing praises and knowing well the places, found the cattle.
3. When Indra and the Angirases desired it, Sarama found provision for her offspring.
     Brhaspati cleft the mountain, found the cattle: the heroes shouted with the kine in triumph.
4. Mid shout, loud shout, and roar, with the Navagvas, seven singers, hast thou, heavenly, rent the mountain;
     Thou hast, with speeders, with Dasagvas, Indra, Sakra, with thunder rent obstructive Vala.
5. Praised by Angirases, thou, foe-destroyer, hast, with the Dawn, Sun, rays, dispelled the darkness.
     Thou Indra, hast spread out the earth’s high ridges, and firmly fixed the region under heaven.
6. This is the deed most worthy of all honour, the fairest marvel of the Wonder-Worker,
     That, nigh where heaven bends down, he made four rivers flow full with waves that carry down sweet water.
7. Unwearied, won with lauding hymns, he parted of old the ancient Pair, united ever.
     In highest sky like Bhaga, he the doer of marvels set both Dames and earth and heaven.
8. Still born afresh, young Dames, each in her manner, unlike in hue, the Pair in alternation
     Round heaven and earth from ancient time have travelled, Night with her dark limbs, Dawn with limbs of splendour.
9. Rich in good actions, skilled in operation, the Son with might maintains his perfect friendship.
     Thou in the raw cows, black of hue or ruddy, storest the ripe milk glossy white in colour.
10. Their paths, of old connected, rest uninjured; they with great might preserve the immortal statutes.
     For many thousand holy works the Sisters wait on the haughty Lord like wives and matrons.
11. Thoughts ancient, seeking wealth, with adoration, with newest lauds have sped to thee, O Mighty.
     As yearning wives cleave to their yearning husband, so cleave our hymns to thee, O Lord most potent.
12. Strong God, the riches which thy hands have holden from days of old have perished not nor wasted.
     Splendid art thou, O Indra, wise, unbending: strengthen us with might, O Lord of Power.
13. O mighty Indra, Gotama’s son Nodhas hath fashioned this new prayer to thee Eternal,
     Sure leader, yoker of the Tawny Coursers. May he, enriched with prayer, come soon and early.

Mandala 1, Hymn 63

1. THOU art the Mighty One; when born, O Indra, with power thou terrifiedst earth and heaven;
     When, in their fear of thee, all firm-set mountains and monstrous creatures shook like dust before thee.
2. When thy two wandering Bays thou drawest hither, thy praiser laid within thine arms the thunder,
     Wherewith, O Much-invoked, in will resistless, thou smitest foemen down and many a castle.
3. Faithful art thou, these thou defiest, Indra; thou art the Rbhus’ Lord, heroic, victor.
     Thou, by his side, for young and glorious Kutsa, with steed and car in battle slewest Susna,
4. That, as a friend, thou furtheredst, O Indra, when, Thunderer, strong in act, thou crushedst Vrtra;
     When, Hero, thou, great-souled, with easy conquest didst rend the Dasyus in their
     distant dwelling.
5. This doest thou, and art not harmed, O Indra, e’en in the anger of the strongest mortal.
     Lay thou the race-course open for our horses: as with a club, slay, Thunder-armed! our foemen.
6. Hence men invoke thee, Indra, in the tumult of battle, in the light-bestowing conflict.
     This aid of thine, O Godlike One, was ever to be implored in deeds of might in combat.
7. Warring for Purukutsa thou, O Indra, Thunder-armed! breakest down the seven castles;
     Easily, for Sudas, like grass didst rend them, and out of need, King, broughtest gain to Puru.
8. O Indra, God who movest round about us, feed us with varied food plenteous as water-
     Food wherewithal, O Hero, thou bestowest vigour itself to flow to us for ever.
9. Prayers have been made by Gotamas, O Indra, addressed to thee, with laud for thy Bay Horses.
     Bring us in noble shape abundant riches. May he, enriched with prayer, come soon and early.

Mandala 1, Hymn 64.

1. BRING for the manly host, wise and majestical, O Nodhas, for the Maruts bring thou a pure gift.
     I deck my songs as one deft-handed, wise in mind prepares the water that hath power in solemn rites.
2. They spring to birth, the lofty Ones, the Bulls of Heaven, divine, the youths of Rudra, free from spot and stain;
     The purifiers, shining brightly even as suns, awful of form like giants, scattering rain-drops down.
3. Young Rudras, demon-slayers, never growing old, they have waxed, even as mountains, irresistible.
     They make all beings tremble with their mighty strength, even the very strongest, both of earth and heaven.
4. With glittering ornaments they deck them forth for show; for beauty on their breasts they bind their chains of gold.
     The lances on their shoulders pound to pieces; they were born together, of themselves, the Men of Heaven.
5. Loud roarers, giving strength, devourers of the foe, they make the winds, they make the lightnings with their powers.
     The restless shakers drain the udders of the sky, and ever wandering round fill the earth full with milk.
6. The bounteous Maruts with the fatness dropping milk fill full the waters which avail in solemn rites.
     They lead, as ‘twere, the Strong Horse forth, that it may rain: they milk the thundering, the never-failing spring.
7. Mighty, with wondrous power and marvellously bright, selfstrong like mountains, ye glide swiftly on your way.
     Like the wild elephants ye eat the forests up when ye assume your strength among the bright red flames.
8. Exceeding wise they roar like lions mightily, they, all-possessing, are beauteous as antelopes;
     Stirring the darkness with lances and spotted deer, combined as priests, with serpents’ fury through their might.
9. Heroes who march in companies, befriending man, with serpents’ ire through strength, ye greet the earth and heaven.
     Upon the seats, O Maruts, of your chariots, upon the cars stands lightning visible as light.
10. Lords of all riches, dwelling in the home of wealth, endowed with mighty vigour, singers loud of voice,
     Heroes, of powers infinite, armed with strong men’s rings, the archers, they have laid the arrow on their arms.
11. They who with golden fellies make the rain increase drive forward the big clouds like wanderers on the way.
     Self-moving, brisk, unwearied, they o’erthrow the firm; the Maruts with bright lances make all things to reel.
12. The progeny of Rudra we invoke with prayer, the brisk, the bright, the worshipful, the active Ones
     To the strong band of Maruts cleave for happiness, the chasers of the sky, impetuous, vigorous.
13. Maruts, the man whom ye have guarded with your help, he verily in strength surpasseth all mankind.
     Spoil with his steeds he gaineth, treasure with his men; he winneth honourable strength and prospereth.
14. O Maruts, to the worshippers give glorious strength invincible in battle, brilliant, bringing wealth,
     Praiseworthy, known to all men. May we foster well, during a hundred winters, son and progeny.
15. Will ye then, O ye Maruts, grant us riches, durable, rich in men, defying onslaught.
     A hundred, thousandfold, ever increasing? May he, enriched with prayer, come soon and early.

Mandala 1, Hymn 65.

1. ONE-MINDED, wise, they tracked thee like a thief lurking in dark cave with a stolen cow:
     Thee claiming worship, bearing it to Gods: there nigh to thee sate all the Holy Ones.
2. The Gods approached the ways of holy Law; there was a gathering vast as heaven itself.
     The waters feed with praise the growing Babe, born nobly in the womb, the seat of Law.
3. Like grateful food, like some wide dwelling place, like a fruit-bearing hill, a wholesome stream.
     Like a steed urged to run in swift career, rushing like Sindhu, who may check his course?
4. Kin as a brother to his sister floods, he eats the woods as a King eats the rich.
     When through the forest, urged by wind, he spreads, verily Agni shears the hair of earth.
5. Like a swan sitting in the floods he pants wisest in mind mid men he wakes at morn.
     A Sage like Soma, sprung from Law, he grew like some young creature, mighty, shining far.

Mandala 1, Hymn 66.

1. LIKE the Sun’s glance, like wealth of varied sort, like breath which is the life, like one’s own son,
     Like a swift bird, a cow who yields her milk, pure and refulgent to the wood he speeds.
2. He offers safety like a pleasant home, like ripened corn, the Conqueror of men.
     Like a Seer lauding, famed among the folk; like a steed friendly he vouchsafes us power.
3. With flame insatiate, like eternal might; caring for each one like a dame at home;
     Bright when he shines forth, whitish mid the folk, like a car, gold-decked, thundering to the fight.
4. He strikes with terror like a dart shot forth, e’en like an archer’s arrow tipped with flame;
     Master of present and of future life, the maidens’ lover and the matrons’ Lord.
5. To him lead all your ways: may we attain the kindled God as cows their home at eve.
     He drives the flames below as floods their swell: the rays rise up to the fair place of heaven.

Mandala 1, Hymn 67.

1. VICTORIOUS in the wood, Friend among men, ever he claims obedience as a King.
     Gracious like peace, blessing like mental power, Priest was he, offering-bearer, full of thought.
2. He, bearing in his hand all manly might, crouched in the cavern, struck the Gods with fear.
     Men filled with understanding find him there, when they have sting prayers formed within their heart.
3. He, like the Unborn, holds the broad earth up; and with effective utterance fixed the sky.
     O Agni, guard the spots which cattle love: thou, life of all, hast gone from lair to lair.
4. Whoso hath known him dwelling in his lair, and hath approached the stream of holy Law,–
     They who release him, paying sacred rites,–truly to such doth he announce great wealth.
5. He who grows mightily in herbs, within each fruitful mother and each babe she bears,
     Wise, life of all men, in the waters’ home,–for him have sages built as ‘twere a seat.

Mandala 1, Hymn 68.

1. COMMINGLING, restless, he ascends the sky, unveiling nights and all that stands or moves,
     As he the sole God is preeminent in greatness among all these other Gods.
2. All men are joyful in thy power, O God, that living from the dry wood thou art born.
     All truly share thy Godhead while they keep, in their accustomed ways, eternal Law.
3. Strong is the thought of Law, the Law’s behest; all works have they performed; he quickens all.
     Whoso will bring oblation, gifts to thee, to him, bethinking thee, vouchsafe thou wealth.
4. Seated as Priest with Manu’s progeny, of all these treasures he alone is Lord.
     Men yearn for children to prolong their line, and are not disappointed in their hope.
5. Eagerly they who hear his word fulfil his wish as sons obey their sire’s behest.
     He, rich in food, unbars his wealth like doors: he, the House-Friend, hath decked heaven’s vault with stars.

Mandala 1, Hymn 69.

1. BRIGHT, splendid, like Dawn’s lover, he hath filled the two joined worlds as with the light of heaven.
     When born, with might thou hast encompassed them: Father of Gods, and yet their Son wast thou.
2. Agni, the Sage, the humble, who discerns like the cow’s udder, the sweet taste of food,
     Like a bliss-giver to be drawn to men, sits gracious in the middle of the house.
3. Born in the dwelling like a lovely son, pleased, like a strong steed, he bears on the folk.
     What time the men and I, with heroes, call, may Agni then gain all through Godlike power.
4. None breaks these holy laws of thine when thou hast granted audience to these chieftains here.
     This is thy boast, thou smotest with thy peers, and joined with heroes dravest off disgrace.
5. Like the Dawn’s lover, spreading light, well-known as hued like morn, may he remember me.
     They, bearing of themselves, unbar the doors: they all ascend to the fair place of heaven.

Mandala 1, Hymn 70.

1. MAY we, the pious, win much food by prayer, may Agni with fair light pervade each act,–
     He the observer of the heavenly laws of Gods, and of the race of mortal man.
2. He who is germ of waters, germ of woods, germ of all things that move not and that move,–
     To him even in the rock and in the house: Immortal One, he cares for all mankind.
3. Agni is Lord of riches for the man who serves him readily with sacred songs.
     Protect these beings thou with careful thought, knowing the races both of Gods and men.
4. Whom many dawns and nights, unlike, make strong, whom, born in Law, all things that move and stand,–
     He hath been won, Herald who sits in light, making effectual all our holy works.
5. Thou settest value on our cows and woods: all shall bring tribute to us to the light.
     Men have served thee in many and sundry spots, parting, as ‘twere, an aged father’s wealth.
6. Like a brave archer, like one skilled and bold, a fierce avenger, so he shines in fight.

Mandala 1, Hymn 71.

1. LOVING the loving One, as wives their husband, the sisters of one home have urged him forward,
     Bright-coloured, even, as the cows love morning, dark, breaking forth to view, and redly beaming.
2. Our sires with lauds burst e’en the firm-set fortress, yea, the Angirases, with roar, the mountain.
     They made for us a way to reach high heaven, they found us day, light, day’s sign, beams of morning.
3. They stablished order, made his service fruitful; then parting them among the longing faithful,
     Not thirsting after aught, they come, most active, while with sweet food the race of Gods they strengthen.
4. Since Matarisvan, far-diffused, hath stirred him, and he in every house grown bright and noble,
     He, Bhrgu-like I hath gone as his companion, as on commission to a greater Sovran.
5. When man poured juice to Heaven, the mighty Father, he knew and freed himself from close embracement.
     The archer boldly shot at him his arrow, and the God threw his splendour on his Daughter.
6. Whoso, hath flames for thee within his dwelling, or brings the worship which thou lovest daily,
     Do thou of double might increase his substance: may he whom thou incitest meet with riches.
7. All sacrificial viands wait on Agni as the Seven mighty Rivers seek the ocean.
     Not by our brethren was our food discovered: find with the Gods care for us, thou who knowest.
8. When light hath filled the Lord of men for increase, straight from the heaven descends the limpid moisture.
     Agni hath brought to light and filled with spirit the youthful host blameless and well providing.
9. He who like thought goes swiftly on his journey, the Sun, alone is ever Lord of riches.
     The Kings with fair hands, Varuna and Mitra, protect the precious nectar in our cattle.
10. O Agni, break not our ancestral friendship, Sage as thou art, endowed with deepest knowledge.
     Old age, like gathering cloud, impairs the body: before that evil be come nigh protect me.

Mandala 1, Hymn 72.

1. THOUGH holding many gifts for men, he humbleth the higher powers of each wise ordainer.
     Agni is now the treasure-lord of treasures, for ever granting all immortal bounties.
2. The Gods infallible all searching found not him, the dear Babe who still is round about us.
     Worn weary, following his track, devoted, they reached the lovely highest home of Agni.
3. Because with holy oil the pure Ones, Agni, served thee the very pure three autumn seasons,
     Therefore they won them holy names for worship, and nobly born they dignified their bodies.
4. Making them known to spacious earth and heaven, the holy Ones revealed the powers of Rudra.
     The mortal band, discerning in the distance, found Agni standing in the loftiest station.
5. Nigh they approached, one-minded, with their spouses, kneeling to him adorable paid worship.
     Friend finding in his own friend’s eye protection, they made their own the bodies which they chastened.
6. Soon as the holy beings had discovered the thrice-seven mystic things contained within thee,
     With these, one-minded, they preserve the Amrta: guard thou the life of all their plants and cattle.
7. Thou, Agni, knower of men’s works, hast sent us good food in constant course for our subsistence:
     Thou deeply skilled in paths of Gods becamest an envoy never wearied, offering-bearer.
8. Knowing the Law, the seven strong floods from heaven, full of good thought, discerned the doors of riches.
     Sarama found the cattle’s firm-built prison whereby the race of man is still supported.
9. They who approached all noble operations making a path that leads to life immortal,
     To be the Bird’s support, the spacious mother, Aditi, and her great Sons stood in power.
10. When Gods immortal made both eyes of heaven, they gave to him the gift of beauteous glory.
     Now they flow forth like rivers set in motion: they knew the Red Steeds coming down, O Agni.

Mandala 1, Hymn 73.

I. HE who gives food, like patrimonial riches and guides aright like some wise man’s instruction,
     Loved like a guest who lies in pleasant lodging,–may he, as Priest, prosper his servant’s dwelling.
2. He who like Savitar the God, true-minded protecteth with his power. all acts of vigour,
     Truthful, like splendour, glorified by many, like breath joy-giving,–all must strive to win him.
3. He who on earth dwells like a king surrounded by faithful friends, like a God all-sustaining,
     Like heroes who preside, who sit in safety: like as a blameless dame dear to her husband.
4. Thee, such, in settlements secure, O Agni, our men serve ever kindled in each dwelling.
     On him have they laid splendour in abundance: dear to all men, bearer be he of riches.
5. May thy rich worshippers win food, O Agni, and princes gain long life who bring oblation.
     May we get booty from our foe in battle, presenting to the Gods their share for glory.
6. The cows of holy law, sent us by Heaven, have swelled with laden udders, loudly lowing;
     Soliciting his favour, from a distance the rivers to the rock have flowed together.
7. Agni, with thee, soliciting thy favour, the holy Ones have gained glory in heaven.
     They made the Night and Dawn of different colours, and set the black and purple hues together.
8. May we and those who worship be the mortals whom thou, O Agni, leadest on to riches.
     Thou hast filled earth and heaven and air’s mid-region, and followest the whole world like a shadow.
9. Aided by thee, O Agni, may we conquer steeds with steeds, men with men, heroes with heroes,
     Lords of the wealth transmitted by our fathers: and may our princes live a hundred winters.
10. May these our hymns of praise, Agni, Ordainer, be pleasant to thee in thy heart and spirit.
     May we have power to hold thy steeds of riches, laying on thee the God-sent gift of glory.

Mandala 1, Hymn 74.

1. As forth to sacrifice we go, a hymn to a hymn let us say,
     Who hears us even when afar;
2. Who, from of old, in carnage, when the people gathered, hath preserved
     His household for the worshipper.
3. And let men say, Agni is born, e’en he who slayeth Vrtra, he
     Who winneth wealth in every fight.
4. Him in whose house an envoy thou lovest to taste his offered gifts,
     And strengthenest his sacrifice,
5. Him, Angiras, thou Son of Strength, all men call happy in his God,
     His offerings, and his sacred grass.
6. Hitherward shalt thou bring these Gods to our laudation and to taste.
     These offered gifts, fair-shining One.
7. When, Agni, on thine embassage thou goest not a sound is heard of steed or straining of thy car.
8. Aided by thee uninjured, strong, one after other, goes he forth:
     Agni, the offerer forward steps.
9. And splendid strength, heroic, high, Agni, thou grantest from the Gods,
     Thou God, to him who offers gifts.

Mandala 1, Hymn 75.

1. ACCEPT our loudest-sounding hymn, food most delightful to the Gods,
     Pouring our offerings in thy mouth.
2. Now, Agni, will we say to thee, O wisest and best Angiras,
     Our precious, much-availing prayer.
3. Who, Agni, is thy kin, of men? who is thy worthy worshipper?
     On whom dependent? who art thou?
4. The kinsman, Agni, of mankind, their well beloved Friend art thou,
     A Friend whom friends may supplicate.
5. Bring to us Mitra, Varuna, bring the Gods to mighty sacrifice.
     Bring them, O Agni, to thine home.

Mandala 1, Hymn 76.

1. How may the mind draw nigh to please thee, Agni? What hymn of praise shall bring us greatest blessing?
     Or who hath gained thy power by sacrifices? or with what mind shall we bring thee oblations?
2. Come hither, Agni; sit thee down as Hotar; be thou who never wast deceived our leader.
     May Heaven and Earth, the all-pervading, love thee: worship the Gods to win for us their favour.
3. Burn thou up all the Raksasas, O Agni; ward thou off curses from our sacrifices.
     Bring hither with his Bays the Lord of Soma: here is glad welcome for the Bounteous Giver.
4. Thou Priest with lip and voice that bring us children hast been invoked. Here with the Gods be seated.
     Thine is the task of Cleanser and Presenter: waken us, Wealth-bestower and Producer.
5. As with oblations of the priestly Manus thou worshippedst the Gods, a Sage with sages,
     So now, O truthfullest Invoker Agni, worship this day with joy-bestowing ladle.

Mandala 1, Hymn 76.

Mandala 1, Hymn 77.

1. How shall we pay oblation unto Agni? What hymn, Godloved, is said to him refulgent?
     Who, deathless, true to Law, mid men a herald, bringeth the Gods as best of sacrificers?
2. Bring him with reverence hither, most propitious in sacrifices, true to Law, the herald;
     For Agni, when he seeks the Gods for mortals, knows them full well and worships them in spirit.
3. For he is mental power, a man, and perfect; he is the bringer, friend-like, of the wondrous.
     The pious Aryan tribes at sacrifices address them first to him who doeth marvels.
4. May Agni, foe-destroyer, manliest Hero, accept with love our hymns and our devotion.
     So may the liberal lords whose strength is strongest, urged by their riches, stir our thoughts with vigour.
5. Thus Agni Jatavedas, true to Order, hath by the priestly Gotamas been lauded.
     May he augment in them splendour and vigour: observant, as he lists, he gathers increase.

Mandala 1, Hymn 78.

1. O JATAVEDAS, keen and swift, we Gotamas with sacred song exalt thee for thy glories’ sake.
2. Thee, as thou art, desiring wealth Gotama worships with his song:
     We laud thee for thy glories’ sake.
3. As such, like Angiras we call on thee best winner of the spoil:
     We laud thee for thy glories’ sake.
4. Thee, best of Vrtra-slayers, thee who shakest off our Dasyu foes:
     We laud thee for thy glories’ sake.
5. A pleasant song to Agni we, sons of Rahugana, have sung:
     We laud thee for thy glories’ sake.

Mandala 1, Hymn 79.

1. HE in mid-air’s expanse hath golden tresses; a raging serpent, like the rushing tempest:
     Purely refulgent, knowing well the morning; like honourable dames, true, active workers.
2. Thy well-winged flashes strengthen in their manner, when the black Bull hath bellowed round about us.
     With drops that bless and seem to smile he cometh: the waters fall, the clouds utter their thunder.
3. When he comes streaming with the milk of worship, conducting by directest paths of Order
     Aryaman, Mitra, Varuna, Parijman fill the hide full where lies the nether press-stone.
4. O Agni, thou who art the lord of wealth in kine, thou Son of Strength,
     Vouchsafe to us, O Jatavedas, high renown.
5. He, Agni, kindled, good and wise, must be exalted in our song:
     Shine, thou of many forms, shine radiantly on us.
6. O Agni, shining of thyself by night and when the morning breaks,
     Burn, thou whose teeth are sharp, against the Raksasas.
7. Adorable in all our rites, favour us, Agni, with thine aid,
     When the great hymn is chanted forth.
8. Bring to us ever-conquering wealth, wealth, Agni, worthy of our choice,
     In all our frays invincible.
9. Give us, O Agni, through thy grace wealth that supporteth all our life,
     Thy favour so that we may live.
10. O Gotama, desiring bliss present thy songs composed with care
     To Agni of the pointed flames.
11. May the man fall, O Agni, who near or afar assaileth us:
     Do thou increase and prosper us.
12. Keen and swift Agni, thousand-eyed, chaseth the Raksasas afar:
     He singeth, herald meet for lauds.

Mandala 1, Hymn 80.

1. THUS in the Soma, in wild joy the Brahman hath exalted thee:
     Thou, mightiest thunder-armed, hast driven by force the Dragon from the earth, lauding thine own imperial sway.
2. The mighty flowing Soma-draught, brought by the Hawk, hath gladdened thee,
     That in thy strength, O Thunderer, thou hast struck down Vrtra from the floods, lauding thine own imperial sway.
3. Go forward, meet the foe, be bold; thy bolt of thunder is not checked.
     Manliness, Indra, is thy might: stay Vrtra, make the waters thine, lauding thine own imperial sway.
4. Thou smotest Vrtra from the earth, smotest him, Indra, from the sky.
     Let these life-fostering waters flow attended by the Marut host, lauding thine own imperial sway.
5. The wrathful Indra with his bolt of thunder rushing on the foe,
     Smote fierce on trembling Vrtra’s back, and loosed the waters free to run, lauding his own imperial sway.
6. With hundred-jointed thunderbolt Indra hath struck him on the back,
     And, while rejoicing in the juice, seeketh prosperity for friends, lauding his own imperial sway.
7. Indra, unconquered might is thine, Thunderer, Caster of the Stone;
     For thou with thy surpassing power smotest to death the guileful beast, lauding thine own imperial sway.
8. Far over ninety spacious floods thy thunderbolts were cast abroad:
     Great, Indra, is thy hero might, and strength is seated in thine arms, lauding thine own imperial sway.
9. Laud him a thousand all at once, shout twenty forth the hymn of praise.
     Hundreds have sung aloud to him, to Indra hath the prayer been raised, lauding his own imperial sway.
10. Indra hath smitten down the power of Vrtra,–might with stronger might.
     This was his manly exploit, he slew Vrtra and let loose the floods, lauding his own imperial sway.
11. Yea, even this great Pair of Worlds trembled in terror at thy wrath,
     When, Indra, Thunderer, Marut-girt, thou slewest Vrtra in thy strength, lauding thine own imperial sway.
12. But Vrtra scared not Indra with his shaking or his thunder roar.
     On him that iron thunderbolt fell fiercely with its thousand points, lauding his own imperial sway.
13. When with the thunder thou didst make thy dart and Vrtra meet in war,
     Thy might, O Indra, fain to slay the Dragon, was set firm in heaven, lauding thine own imperial sway.
14. When at thy shout, O Thunder-armed, each thing both fixed and moving shook,
     E’en Tvastar trembled at thy wrath and quaked with fear because of thee, lauding thine own imperial sway.
15. There is not, in our knowledge, one who passeth Indra in his strength:
     In him the Deities have stored manliness, insight, power and might, lauding his own imperial sway.
16. Still as of old, whatever rite Atharvan, Manus sire of all,
     Dadhyach performed, their prayer and praise united in that Indra meet, lauding his own imperial sway.

Mandala 1, Hymn 81.

1. THE men have lifted Indra up, the Vrtra slayer, to joy and strength:
     Him, verily, we invocate in battles whether great or small: be he our aid in deeds of might.
2. Thou, Hero, art a warrior, thou art giver of abundant spoil.
     Strengthening e’en the feeble, thou aidest the sacrificer, thou givest the offerer ample wealth.
3. When war and battles are on foot, booty is laid before the bold.
     Yoke thou thy wildly-rushing Bays. Whom wilt thou slay and whom enrich? Do thou, O Indra, make us rich.
4. Mighty through wisdom, as he lists, terrible, he hath waxed in strength.
     Lord of Bay Steeds, strong-jawed, sublime, he in joined hands for glory’s sake hath grasped his iron thunderbolt.
5. He filled the earthly atmosphere and pressed against the lights in heaven.
     None like thee ever hath been born, none, Indra, will be born like thee. Thou hast waxed mighty over all.
6. May he who to the offerer gives the foeman’s man-sustaining food,
     May Indra lend his aid to us. Deal forth–abundant is thy wealth–that in thy bounty I may share.
7. He, righteous-hearted, at each time of rapture gives us herds of kine.
     Gather in both thy hands for us treasures of many hundred sorts. Sharpen thou us, and bring us wealth.
8. Refresh thee, Hero, with the juice outpoured for bounty and for strength.
     We know thee Lord of ample store, to thee have sent our hearts’ desires: be therefore our Protector thou.
9. These people, Indra, keep for thee all that is worthy of thy choice.
     Discover thou, as Lord, the wealth of men who offer up no gifts: bring thou to us this wealth of theirs.

Mandala 1, Hymn 82.

1. GRACIOUSLY listen to our songs, Maghavan, be not negligent.
     As thou hast made us full of joy and lettest us solicit thee, now, Indra, yoke thy two Bay Steeds.
2. Well have they eaten and rejoiced; the friends have risen and passed away.
     The sages luminous in themselves have. praised thee with their latest hymn. Now, Indra, yoke thy two Bay Steeds.
3. Maghavan, we will reverence thee who art so fair to look upon.
     Thus praised, according to our wish come now with richly laden car. Now, Indra, yoke thy two Bay Steeds.
4. He will in very truth ascend the powerful car that finds the kine,
     Who thinks upon the well-filled bowl, the Tawny Coursers’ harnesser. Now, Indra, yoke thy two Bay Steeds.
5. Let, Lord of Hundred Powers, thy Steeds be harnessed on the right and left.
     Therewith in rapture of the juice, draw near to thy beloved Spouse. Now, Indra, yoke thy two Bay Steeds.
6. With holy prayer I yoke thy long-maned pair of Bays: come hitherward; thou holdest them in both thy hands.
     The stirring draughts of juice outpoured have made thee glad: thou, Thunderer, hast rejoiced with Pusan and thy Spouse.

Mandala 1, Hymn 83.

1. INDRA, the mortal man well guarded by thine aid goes foremost in the wealth of horses and of kine.
     With amplest wealth thou fillest him, as round about the waters clearly seen afar fill Sindhu full.
2. The heavenly Waters come not nigh the priestly bowl: they but look down and see how far mid-air is spread:
     The Deities conduct the pious man to them: like suitors they delight in him who loveth prayer.
3. Praiseworthy blessing hast thou laid upon the pair who with uplifted ladle serve thee, man and wife.
     Unchecked he dwells and prospers in thy law: thy power brings blessing to the sacrificer pouring gifts.
4. First the Angirases won themselves vital power, whose fires were kindled through good deeds and sacrifice.
     The men together found the Pani’s hoarded wealth, the cattle, and the wealth in horses and in kine.
5. Atharvan first by sacrifices laid the paths then, guardian of the Law, sprang up the loving Sun.
     Usana Kavya straightway hither drove the kine. Let us with offerings honour Yama’s deathless birth.
6. When sacred grass is trimmed to aid the auspicious work, or the hymn makes its voice of praise sound to the sky.
     Where the stone rings as ‘twere a singer skilled in laud,–Indra in truth delights when these come near to him.

Mandala 1, Hymn 84.

1. The Soma hath been pressed for thee, O Indra; mightiest, bold One, come.
     May Indra-vigour fill thee full, as the Sun fills mid-air with rays.
2. His pair of Tawny Coursers bring Indra of unresisted might
     Hither to Rsis’ songs of praise and sacrifice performed by men.
3. Slayer of Vrtra, mount thy car; thy Bay Steeds have been yoked by prayer.
     May, with its voice, the pressing-stone draw thine attention hitherward.
4. This poured libation, Indra, drink, immortal, gladdening, excellent.
     Streams of the bright have flowed to thee here at the seat of holy Law.
5. Sing glory now to Indra, say to him your solemn eulogies.
     The drops poured forth have made him glad: pay reverence to his might supreme.
6. When, Indra, thou dost yoke thy Steeds, there is no better charioteer:
     None hath surpassed thee in thy might, none with good steeds o’ertaken thee.
7. He who alone bestoweth on mortal man who offereth gifts,
     The ruler of resistless power, is Indra, sure.
8. When will he trample, like a weed, the man who hath no gift for him?
     When, verily, will Indra hear our songs of praise?
9. He who with Soma juice prepared amid the many honours thee,–
     Verily Indra gains thereby tremendous might.
10. The juice of Soma thus diffused, sweet to the taste, the bright cows drink,
     Who for the sake of splendour close to mighty Indra’s side rejoice, good in their own supremacy.
11. Craving his touch the dappled kine mingle the Soma with their milk.
     The milch-kine dear to Indra send forth his death-dealing thunderbolt, good in their own supremacy.
12. With veneration, passing wise, honouring his victorious might,
     They follow close his many laws to win them due preeminence, good in their
     own supremacy.
13. With bones of Dadhyac for his arms, Indra, resistless in attack,
     Struck nine-and-ninety Vrtras dead.
14. He, searching for the horse’s head, removed among the mountains, found
     At Saryanavan what he sought.
15. Then verily they recognized the essential form of Tvastar’s Bull,
     Here in the mansion of the Moon.
16. Who yokes to-day unto the pole of Order the strong and passionate steers of checkless spirit,
     With shaft-armed mouths, heart-piercing, health-bestowing?
     Long shall he live who richly pays their service.
17. Who fleeth forth? who suffereth? who feareth? Who knoweth Indra present, Indra near us?
     Who sendeth benediction on his offspring, his household, wealth and person, and the People?
18. Who with poured oil and offering honours Agni, with ladle worships at appointed seasons?
     To whom to the Gods bring oblation quickly? What offerer, God-favoured, knows him thoroughly?
19. Thou as a God, O Mightiest, verily blessest mortal man.
     O Maghavan, there is no comforter but thou: Indra, I speak my words to thee.
20. Let not thy bounteous gifts, let not thy saving help fail us, good Lord, at any time;
     And measure out to us, thou lover of mankind, all riches hitherward from men.

Mandala 1, Hymn 85.

1. THEY who are glancing forth, like women, on their way, doers of mighty deeds, swift racers, Rudra’s Sons,
     The Maruts have made heaven and earth increase and grow: in sacrifices they delight, the strong and wild.
2. Grown to their perfect strength greatness have they attained; the Rudras have established their abode in heaven.
     Singing their song of praise and generating might, they have put glory on, the Sons whom Prsni bare.
3. When, Children of the Cow, they shine in bright attire, and on their fair limbs lay their golden ornaments,
     They drive away each adversary from their path, and, following their traces, fatness floweth down,
4. When, mighty Warriors, ye who glitter with your spears, o’erthrowing with your strength e’en what is ne’er o’erthrown,
     When, O ye Maruts, ye the host that send the rain, had harnessed to your cars the thought-fleet spotted deer.
5. When ye have harnessed to your cars the spotted deer, urging the thunderbolt, O Maruts, to the fray,
     Forth rush the torrents of the dark red stormy cloud, and moisten, like a skin, the earth with water-floods.
6. Let your swift-gliding coursers bear you hitherward with their fleet pinions. Come ye forward with your arms.
     Sit on the grass; a wide seat hath been made for you: delight yourselves, O Maruts, in the pleasant food.
7. Strong in their native strength to greatness have they grown, stepped to the firmament and made their dwelling wide.
     When Visnu saved the Soma bringing wild delight, the Maruts sate like birds on their dear holy grass.
8. In sooth like heroes fain for fight they rush about, like combatants fame-seeking have they striven in war.
     Before the Maruts every creature is afraid: the men are like to Kings, terrible to behold.
9. When Tvastar deft of hand had turned the thunderbolt, golden, with thousand edges, fashioned more skilfully,
     Indra received it to perform heroic deeds. Vrtra he slew, and forced the flood of water forth.
10. They with their vigorous strength pushed the well up on high, and clove the cloud in twain though it was passing strong.
     The Maruts, bounteous Givers, sending forth their voice, in the wild joy of Soma wrought their glorious deeds.
11. They drave the cloud transverse directed hitherward, and poured the fountain forth for thirsting Gotama.
     Shining with varied light they come to him with help: they with their might fulfilled the longing of the sage.
12. The shelters which ye have for him who lauds you, bestow them threefold on the man who offers.
     Extend the same boons unto us, ye Maruts. Give us, O Heroes, wealth with noble offspring.

Mandala 1, Hymn 86.

1. THE best of guardians hath that man within whose dwelling place ye drink,
     O Maruts, giants of the sky.
2. Honoured with sacrifice or with the worship of the sages’ hymns,
     O Maruts, listen to the call.
3. Yea, the strong man to whom ye have vouchsafed to give a sage, shall move
     Into a stable rich in kine.
4. Upon this hero’s sacred grass Soma is poured in daily rites:
     Praise and delight are sung aloud.
5. Let the strong Maruts hear him, him surpassing all men: strength be his
     That reaches even to the Sun.
6. For, through the swift Gods’ loving help, in many an autumn, Maruts, we
     Have offered up our sacrifice.
7. Fortunate shall that mortal be, O Maruts most adorable,
     Whose offerings ye bear away.
8. O Heroes truly strong, ye know the toil of him who sings your praise,
     The heart’s desire of him who loves.
9. O ye of true strength, make this thing manifest by your greatness: strike
     The demon with your thunderbolt.
10. Conceal the horrid darkness, drive far from us each devouring fiend.
     Create the light for which we long.

Mandala 1, Hymn 87.

1. LOUD Singers, never humbled, active, full of strength, immovable, impetuous, manliest, best-beloved,
     They have displayed themselves with glittering ornaments, a few in number only, like the heavens with stars.
2. When, Maruts, on the steeps ye pile the moving cloud, ye are like birds on whatsoever path it be.
     Clouds everywhere shed forth the rain upon your cars. Drop fatness, honey-hued, for him who sings your praise.
3. Earth at their racings trembles as if weak and worn, when on their ways they yoke their cars for victory.
     They, sportive, loudly roaring, armed with glittering spears, shakers of all, themselves admire their mightiness.
4. Self-moving is that youthful band, with spotted steeds; thus it hath lordly sway, endued with power and might.
     Truthful art thou, and blameless, searcher out of sin: so thou, Strong Host, wilt be protector of this prayer.
5. We speak by our descent from our primeval Sire; our tongue, when we behold the Soma, stirs itself.
     When, shouting, they had joined Indra in toil of fight, then only they obtained their sacrificial names.
6. Splendours they gained for glory, they who wear bright rings; rays they obtained, and men to celebrate their praise.
     Armed with their swords, impetuous and fearing naught, they have possessed the Maruts’ own beloved home.

Mandala 1, Hymn 88.

1. COME hither, Maruts, on your lightning laden cars, sounding with sweet songs, armed with lances, winged with steeds.
     Fly unto us with noblest food, like birds, O ye of mighty power.
2. With their red-hued or, haply, tawny coursers which speed their chariots on, they come for glory.
     Brilliant like gold is he who holds the thunder. Earth have they smitten with the chariot’s felly.
3. For beauty ye have swords upon your bodies. As they stir woods so may they stir our spirits.
     For your sake, O ye Maruts very mighty and well-born, have they set the stone, in motion.
4. The days went round you and came back O yearners, back, to this prayer and to this solemn worship.
     The Gotamas making their prayer with singing have pushed the well’s lid up to drink the water.
5. No hymn way ever known like this aforetime which Gotama sang forth for you, O Maruts,
     What time upon your golden wheels he saw you, wild boars rushing about with tusks of iron.
6. To you this freshening draught of Soma rusheth, O Maruts, like the voice of one who prayeth.
     It rusheth freely from our hands as these libations wont to flow.

Mandala 1, Hymn 89.

1. MAY powers auspicious come to us from every side, never deceived, unhindered, and victorious,
     That the Gods ever may be with us for our gain, our guardians day by day unceasing in their care.
2. May the auspicious favour of the Gods be ours, on us descend the bounty of the righteous Gods.
     The friendship of the Gods have we devoutly sought: so may the Gods extend our life that we may live.
3. We call them hither with a hymn of olden time, Bhaga, the friendly Daksa, Mitra, Aditi,
     Aryaman, Varuna, Soma, the Asvins. May Sarasvati, auspicious, grant felicity.
4. May the Wind waft to us that pleasant medicine, may Earth our Mother give it, and our Father Heaven,
     And the joy-giving stones that press the Soma’s juice. Asvins, may ye, for whom our spirits long, hear this.
5. Him we invoke for aid who reigns supreme, the Lord of all that stands or moves, inspirer of the soul,
     That Pusan may promote the increase of our wealth, our keeper and our guard infallible for our good.
6. Illustrious far and wide, may Indra prosper us: may Pusan prosper us, the Master of all wealth.
     May Tarksya with uninjured fellies prosper us: Brhaspati vouchsafe to us prosperity.
7. The Maruts, Sons of Prsni, borne by spotted steeds, moving in glory, oft visiting holy rites,
     Sages whose tongue is Agni, brilliant as the Sun,–hither let all the Gods for our protection come.
8. Gods, may we with our ears listen to what is good, and with our eyes see what is good, ye Holy Ones.
     With limbs and bodies firm may we extolling you attain the term of life appointed by the Gods.
9. A hundred autumns stand before us, O ye Gods, within whose space ye bring our bodies to decay;
     Within whose space our sons become fathers in turn. Break ye not in the midst our course of fleeting life.
10. Aditi is the heaven, Aditi is mid-air, Aditi is the Mother and the Sire and Son.
     Aditi is all Gods, Aditi five-classed men, Aditi all that hath been born and shall be born.

Mandala 1, Hymn 90.

1. MAY Varuna with guidance straight, and Mitra lead us, he who knows,
     And Aryaman in accord with Gods.
2. For they are dealers forth of wealth, and, not deluded, with their might
     Guard evermore the holy laws.
3. Shelter may they vouchsafe to us, Immortal Gods to mortal men,
     Chasing our enemies away.
4. May they mark out our paths to bliss, Indra, the Maruts, Pusan,
     and Bhaga, the Gods to be adored.
5. Yea, Pusan, Visnu, ye who run your course, enrich our hymns with kine;
     Bless us with all prosperity.
6. The winds waft sweets, the rivers pour sweets for the man who keeps the Law
     So may the plants be sweet for us.
7. Sweet be the night and sweet the dawns, sweet the terrestrial atmosphere;
     Sweet be our Father Heaven to us.
8. May the tall tree be full of sweets for us, and full of sweets the Sun:
     May our milch-kine be sweet for us.
9. Be Mitra gracious unto us, and Varuna and Aryaman:
     Indra, Brhaspati be kind, and Visnu of the mighty stride.

Mandala 1, Hymn 91.

1. Thou, Soma, art preeminent for wisdom; along the straightest path thou art our leader.
     Our wise forefathers by thy guidance, Indu, dealt out among the Gods their share of treasure.
2. Thou by thine insight art most wise, O Soma, strong by thine energies and all possessing,
     Mighty art thou by all thy powers and greatness, by glories art thou glorious, guide of mortals.
3. Thine are King Varuna’s eternal statutes, lofty and deep, O Soma, is thy glory.
     All-pure art thou like Mitra the beloved, adorable, like Aryaman, O Soma.
4. With all thy glories on the earth, in heaven, on mountains, in the plants, and in the waters,–
     With all of these, well-pleased and not in anger, accept, O royal Soma, our oblations.
5. Thou, Soma, art the Lord of heroes, King, yea, Vrtra-slayer thou:
     Thou art auspicious energy.
6. And, Soma, let it be thy wish that we may live and may not die:
     Praise-loving Lord of plants art thou.
7. To him who keeps the law, both old and young, thou givest happiness,
     And energy that he may live.
8. Guard us, King Soma, on all sides from him who threatens us: never let
     The friend of one like thee be harmed.
9. With those delightful aids which thou hast, Soma, for the worshipper,–
     Even with those protect thou us.
10. Accepting this our sacrifice and this our praise, O Soma, come,
     And be thou nigh to prosper us.
11. Well-skilled in speech we magnify thee, Soma, with our sacred songs:
     Come thou to us, most gracious One.
12. Enricher, healer of disease, wealth-finder, prospering our store,
     Be, Soma, a good Friend to us.
13. Soma, be happy in our heart, as milch-kine in the grassy meads,
     As a young man in his own house.
14. O Soma, God, the mortal man who in thy friendship hath delight,
     Him doth the mighty Sage befriend.
15. Save us from slanderous reproach, keep us., O Soma, from distress:
     Be unto us a gracious Friend.
16. Soma, wax great. From every side may vigorous powers unite in thee:
     Be in the gathering-place of strength.
17. Wax, O most gladdening Soma, great through all thy rays of light, and be
     A Friend of most illustrious fame to prosper us.
16. In thee be juicy nutriments united, and powers and mighty foe-subduing vigour,
     Waxing to immortality, O Soma: win highest glories for thyself in heaven.
19. Such of thy glories as with poured oblations men honour, may they all invest our worship.
     Wealth-giver, furtherer with troops of heroes, sparing the brave, come, Soma, to our houses.
20. To him who worships Soma gives the milch-cow, a fleet steed and a man of active knowledge,
     Skilled in home duties, meet for holy synod, for council meet, a glory to his father.
21. Invincible in fight, saver in battles, guard of our camp, winner of light and water,
     Born amid hymns, well-housed, exceeding famous, victor, in thee will we rejoice, O Soma.
22. These herbs, these milch-kine, and these running waters, all these, O Soma, thou hast generated.
     The spacious firmament bast thou expanded, and with the light thou hast dispelled the darkness.
23. Do thou, God Soma, with thy Godlike spirit, victorious, win for us a share of riches.
     Let none prevent thee: thou art Lord of valour. Provide for both sides in the fray for booty.

Mandala 1, Hymn 92.

1. THESE Dawns have raised their banner; in the eastern half of the mid-air they spread abroad their shining light.
     Like heroes who prepare their weapons for the war, onward they come bright red in hue, the Mother Cows.
2. Readily have the purple beams of light shot up; the Red Cows have they harnessed, easy to be yoked.
     The Dawns have brought distinct perception as before: red-hued, they have attained their fulgent brilliancy.
3. They sing their song like women active in their tasks, along their common path hither from far away,
     Bringing refreshment to the liberal devotee, yea, all things to the worshipper who pours the juice.
4. She, like a dancer, puts her broidered garments on: as a cow yields her udder so she bares her breast.
     Creating light for all the world of life, the Dawn hath laid the darkness open as the cows their stall.
5. We have beheld the brightness of her shining; it spreads and drives away the darksome monster.
     Like tints that deck the Post at sacrifices, Heaven’s Daughter hath attained her wondrous splendour.
6. We have o’erpast the limit of this darkness; Dawn breaking forth again brings clear perception.
     She like a flatterer smiles in light for glory, and fair of face hath wakened to rejoice us.
7. The Gotamas have praised Heaven’s radiant Daughter, the leader of the charm of pleasant voices.
     Dawn, thou conferrest on us strength with offspring and men, conspicuous with kine and horses.
8. O thou who shinest forth in wondrous glory, urged onward by thy strength, auspicious Lady,
     Dawn, may I gain that wealth, renowned and ample, in brave sons, troops of slaves, far-famed for horses.
9. Bending her looks on all the world, the Goddess shines, widely spreading with her bright eye westward.
     Waking to motion every living creature, she understands the voice of each adorer.
10. Ancient of days, again again born newly, decking her beauty with the self-same raiment.
     The Goddess wastes away the life of mortals, like a skilled hunter cutting birds in pieces.
11. She hath appeared discovering heaven’s borders: to the far distance she drives off her Sister.
     Diminishing the days of human creatures, the Lady shines with all her lover’s splendour.
12. The bright, the blessed One shines forth extending her rays like kine, as a flood rolls his waters.
     Never transgressing the divine commandments, she is beheld visible with the sunbeams.
13. O Dawn enriched with ample wealth, bestow on us the wondrous gift
     Wherewith we may support children and children’s sons.
14. Thou radiant mover of sweet sounds, with wealth of horses and of kine
     Shine thou on us this day, O Dawn auspiciously.
15. O Dawn enriched with holy rites, yoke to thy car thy purple steeds,
     And then bring thou unto us all felicities.
16. O Asvins wonderful in act, do ye unanimous direct
     Your chariot to our home wealthy in kine and gold.
17. Ye who brought down the hymn from heaven, a light that giveth light to man,
     Do ye, O Asvins, bring strength hither unto us.
18. Hither may they who wake at dawn bring, to drink Soma both the Gods
     Health-givers Wonder-Workers, borne on paths of gold.

Mandala 1, Hymn 93.

1. AGNI and Soma, mighty Pair, graciously hearken to my call,
     Accept in friendly wise my hymn, and prosper him who offers gifts.
2. The man who honours you to-day, Agni and Soma, with this hymn,
     Bestow on him heroic strength, increase of kine, and noble steeds.
3. The man who offers holy oil and burnt oblations unto you,
     Agni and Soma, shall enjoy great strength, with offspring, all his life.
4. Agni and Soma, famed is that your. prowess wherewith ye stole the kine, his food, from Pani.
     Ye caused the brood of Brsaya to perish; ye found the light, the single light for many.
5. Agni and Soma, joined in operation ye have set up the shining lights in heaven.
     From curse and from reproach, Agni and Soma, ye freed the rivers that were bound in fetters.
6. One of you Matarisvan brought from heaven, the Falcon rent the other from the mountain.
     Strengthened by holy prayer Agni and Soma have made us ample room for sacrificing.
7. Taste, Agni, Soma, this prepared oblation; accept it, Mighty Ones, and let it please you.
     Vouchsafe us good protection and kind favour: grant to the sacrificer health and riches.
8. Whoso with oil and poured oblation honours, with God-devoted heart, Agni and Soma,–
     Protect his sacrifice, preserve him from distress, grant to the sacrificer great felicity.
9. Invoked together, mates in wealth, Agni-Soma, accept our hymns:
     Together be among the Gods.
10. Agni and Soma, unto him who worships you with holy oil
     Shine forth an ample recompense.
11. Agni and Sonia, be ye pleased with these oblations brought to you,
     And come, together, nigh to us.
12. Agni and Soma, cherish well our horses, and let our cows be fat who yield oblations.
     Grant power to us and to our wealthy patrons, and cause our holy rites to be successful.

Mandala 1, Hymn 94.

1. FOR Jatavedas worthy of our praise will we frame with our mind this eulogy as ‘twere a car.
     For good, in his assembly, is this care of ours. Let us not, in thy friendship, Agni, suffer harm.
2. The man for whom thou sacrificest prospereth, dwelleth without a foe, gaineth heroic might.
     He waxeth strong, distress never approacheth him. Let us not, in thy friendship, Agni, suffer harm.
3. May we have power to kindle thee. Fulfil our thoughts. In thee the Gods eat the presented offering,
     Bring hither the Adityas, for we long for them. Let us not in thy friendship, Agni, suffer harm.
4. We will bring fuel and prepare burnt offerings, reminding thee at each successive festival.
     Fulfil our thought that so we may prolong our lives. Let us not in thy friendship, Agni, suffer harm.
5. His ministers move forth, the guardians of the folk, protecting quadruped and biped with their rays.
     Mighty art thou, the wondrous herald of the Dawn. Let us not in thy friendship, Agni, suffer harm.
6. Thou art Presenter and the chief Invoker, thou Director, Purifier, great High Priest by birth.
     Knowing all priestly work thou perfectest it, Sage. Let us not in thy friendship, Agni, suffer harm.
7. Lovely of form art thou, alike on every side; though far, thou shinest brightly as if close at hand.
     O God, thou seest through even the dark of night. Let us not in thy friendship, Agni, suffer harm.
8. Gods, foremost be his car who pours libations out, and let our hymn prevail o’er evil-hearted men.
     Attend to this our speech and make it prosper well. Let us not in thy friendship, Agni, suffer harm.
9. Smite with thy weapons those of evil speech and thought, devouring demons, whether near or tar away.
     Then to the singer give free way for sacrifice. Let us not in thy friendship, Agni, suffer harm.
10. When to thy chariot thou hadst yoked two red steeds and two ruddy steeds, wind-sped, thy roar was like a bull’s.
     Thou with smoke-bannered flame attackest forest trees. Let us not in thy friendship, Agni, suffer harm.
11. Then at thy roar the very birds are terrified, when, eating-up the grass, thy sparks fly forth abroad.
     Then is it easy for thee and thy car to pass. Let us not in thy friendship, Agni, suffer harm.
12. He hath the Power to soothe Mitra and Varuna: wonderful is the Maruts’ wrath when they descend.
     Be gracious; let their hearts he turned to us again. Let us not in thy friendship, Agni, suffer harm.
13. Thou art a God, thou art the wondrous Friend of Gods, the Vasu of the Vasus, fair in sacrifice.
     Under, thine own most wide protection may we dwell. Let us not in thy friendship, Agni, suffer harm.
14. This is thy grace that, kindled in thine own abode, invoked with Soma thou soundest forth most benign,
     Thou givest wealth and treasure to the worshipper. Let us not in thy friendship, Agni, suffer harm.
15. To whom thou, Lord of goodly riches, grantest freedom from every sin with perfect wholeness,
     Whom with good strength thou quikenest, with children and wealth–may we be they, Eternal Being.
16. Such, Agni, thou who knowest all good fortune, God, lengthen here the days of our existence.
     This prayer of ours may Varuna grant, and Mitra, and Aditi and Sindhu, Earth and Heaven.

Mandala 1, Hymn 95.

1. To fair goals travel Two unlike in semblance: each in succession nourishes an infant.
     One bears a Godlike Babe of golden colour; bright and fair-shining, is he with the other.
2. Tvastar’s ten daughters, vigilant and youthful, produced this Infant borne to sundry quarters.
     They bear around him whose long flames are pointed, fulgent among mankind with native splendour.
3. Three several places of his birth they honour, in mid-air, in the heaven, and in the waters.
     Governing in the east of earthly regions, the seasons hath he stablished in their order.
4. Who of you knows this secret One? The Infant by his own nature hath brought forth his Mothers.
     The germ of many, from the waters’ bosom he goes forth, wise and great, of Godlike nature.
5. Visible, fair, he grows in native brightness uplifted in the lap of waving waters.
     When he was born both Tvastar’s worlds were frightened: they turn to him and reverence the Lion.
6. The Two auspicious Ones, like women, tend him: like lowing cows they seek him in their manner.
     He is the Lord of Might among the mighty; him, on the right, they balm with their oblations.
7. Like Savitar his arms with might he stretches; awful, he strives grasping the world’s two borders.
     He forces out from all a brilliant vesture, yea, from his Mothers draws he forth new raiment.
8. He makes him a most noble form of splendour, decking him in his home with milk and waters.
     The Sage adorns the depths of air with wisdom: this is the meeting where the Gods are worshipped.
9. Wide through the firmament spreads forth triumphant the far-resplendent strength of thee the Mighty.
     Kindled by us do thou preserve us, Agni, with all thy self-bright undiminished succours.
10. In dry spots he makes stream, and course, and torrent, and inundates the earth with floods that glisten.
     All ancient things within his maw he gathers, and moves among the new fresh-sprouting grasses.
11. Fed with our fuel, purifying Agni, so blaze to us auspiciously for glory.
     This prayer of ours may Varuna grant, and Mitra, and Aditi and Sindhu, Earth and Heaven.

Mandala 1, Hymn 96.

1. HE in the ancient way by strength engendered, lo! straight hath taken to himself all wisdom.
     The waters and the bowl have made him friendly. The Gods possessed the wealth bestowing Agni.
2. At Ayu’s ancient call he by his wisdom gave all this progeny of men their being,
     And, by refulgent light, heaven and the waters. The Gods possessed the wealth. bestowing Agni.
3. Praise him, ye Aryan folk, as chief performer of sacrifice adored and ever toiling,
     Well-tended, Son of Strength, the Constant Giver. The Gods possessed the wealth bestowing Agni.
4. That Matarisvan rich in wealth and treasure, light-winner, finds a pathway for his offspring.
     Guard of our folk, Father of earth and heaven. The Gods possessed the wealth bestowing Agni.
5. Night and Dawn, changing each the other’s colour, meeting together suckle one same Infant:
     Golden between the heaven and earth he shineth. The Gods possessed the wealth bestowing Agni.
6. Root of wealth, gathering-place of treasures, banner of sacrifice, who grants the suppliant’s wishes:
     Preserving him as their own life immortal, the Gods possessed the wealth-bestowing Agni.
7. Now and of old the home of wealth, the mansion of what is born and what was born aforetime,
     Guard of what is and what will be hereafter,–the Gods possessed the wealth bestowing Agni.
8. May the Wealth-Giver grant us conquering riches; may the Wealth-Giver grant us wealth with heroes.
     May the Wealth-Giver grant us food with offspring, and length of days may the Wealth-Giver send us.
9. Fed with our fuel, purifying Agni, so blaze to us auspiciously for glory.
     This prayer of ours may Varuna grant, and Mitra, and Aditi and Sindhu, Earth and Heaven.

Mandala 1, Hymn 97.

1. CHASING with light our sin away, O Agni, shine thou wealth on us.
     May his light chase our sin away.
2. For goodly fields, for pleasant homes, for wealth we sacrifice to thee.
     May his light chase our sin away.
3. Best praiser of all these be he; foremost, our chiefs who sacrifice.
     May his light chase our sin away.
4. So that thy worshippers and we, thine, Agni, in our sons may live.
     May his light chase our sin away.
5. As ever-conquering Agni’s beams of splendour go to every side,
     May his light chase our sin away.
6. To every side thy face is turned, thou art triumphant everywhere.
     May his light chase our sin away.
7. O thou whose face looks every way, bear us past foes as in a ship.
     May his light chase our sin away.
8. As in a ship, convey thou us for our advantage o’er the flood.
     May his light chase our sin away.

Mandala 1, Hymn 98.

1. STILL in Vaisvanara’s grace may we continue: yea, he is King supreme o’er all things living.
     Sprung hence to life upon this All he looketh. Vaisvanara hath rivalry with Surya.
2. Present in heaven, in earth, all-present Agni,–all plants that grow on ground hath he pervaded.
     May Agni, may Vaisvanara with vigour, present, preserve us day and night from foemen.
3. Be this thy truth, Vaisvanara, to us-ward: let wealth in rich abundance gather round us.
     This prayer of ours may Varuna grant, and Mitra, and Aditi and Sindhu, Earth and Heaven.

Mandala 1, Hymn 99.

1. FOR Jatavedas let us press the Soma: may he consume the wealth of the malignant.
     May Agni carry us through all our troubles, through grief as in a boat across the river.

Mandala 1, Hymn 100.

1. MAY he who hath his home with strength, the Mighty, the King supreme of earth and spacious heaven,
     Lord of true power, to he invoked in battles,–may Indra, girt by Maruts, be our succour.
2. Whose way is unattainable like Surya’s: he in each fight is the strong Vrtra-slayer,
     Mightiest with his Friends in his own courses. May Indra, girt by Maruts, be our succour.
3. Whose paths go forth in their great might resistless, forthmilking, as it were, heaven’s genial moisture.
     With manly strength triumphant, foe-subduer,–may Indra, girt by Maruts, be our succour.
4. Among Angirases he was the chiefest, a Friend with friends, mighty amid the mighty.
     Praiser mid praisers, honoured most of singers. May Indra, girt by Maruts, be our succour.
5. Strong with the Rudras as with his own children, in manly battle conquering his foemen ‘
     With his close comrades doing deeds of glory,–may Indra, girt by Maruts, be our succour.
6. Humbler of pride, exciter of the conflict, the Lord of heroes, God invoked of many,
     May he this day gain with our men the sunlight. May Indra, girt by Maruts, be our succour.
7. His help hath made him cheerer in the battle, the folk have made him guardian of their comfort.
     Sole Lord is he of every holy service. May Indra, girt by Maruts, be our succour.
8. To him the Hero, on high days of prowess, heroes for help and booty shall betake them.
     He hath found light even in the blinding darkness. May Indra, girt by Maruts, be our succour.
9. He with his left hand checketh even the mighty, and with his right hand gathereth up the booty.
     Even with the humble he acquireth riches. May Indra, girt by Maruts, be our succour.
10. With hosts on foot and cars he winneth treasures: well is he known this day by all the people.
     With manly might he conquereth those who hate him. May Indra, girt by Maruts, be our succour.
11. When in his ways with kinsmen or with strangers he speedeth to the fight, invoked of many,
     For gain of waters, and of sons and grandsons, may Indra, girt by Maruts, be our succour.
12. Awful and fierce, fiend-slayer, thunder-wielder, with boundless knowledge, hymned by hundreds, mighty,
     In strength like Soma, guard of the Five Peoples, may Indra, girt by Maruts, be our succour.
13. Winning the light, hitherward roars his thunder like the terrific mighty voice of Heaven.
     Rich gifts and treasures evermore attend him. May Indra, girt by Maruts, be our succour.
14. Whose home eternal through his strength surrounds him on every side, his laud, the earth and heaven,
     May he, delighted with our service, save us. May Indra, girt by Maruts, be our succour.
15. The limit of whose power not Gods by Godhead, nor mortal men have reached, nor yet the Waters.
     Both Earth and Heaven in vigour he surpasseth. May Indra, girt by Maruts, he our succour.
16. The red and tawny mare, blaze-marked, high standing, celestial who, to bring Rjrasva riches,
     Drew at the pole the chariot yoked with stallions, joyous, among the hosts of men was noted.
17. The Varsagiras unto thee, O Indra, the Mighty One, sing forth this laud to please thee,
     Rjrasva with his fellows, Ambarisa, Suradhas, Sahadeva, Bhayamana.
18. He, much invoked, hath slain Dasyus and Simyus, after his wont, and laid them low with arrows.
     The mighty Thunderer with his fair-complexioned friends won the land, the sunlight, and the waters.
19. May Indra evermore be our protector, and unimperilled may we win the booty.
     This prayer of ours may Varuna grant, and Mitra, and Aditi and Sindhu, Earth and Heaven.

Mandala 1, Hymn 101.

1. SING, with oblation, praise to him who maketh glad, who with Rjisvan drove the dusky brood away.
     Fain for help, him the strong whose right hand wields the bolt, him girt by Maruts we invoke to be our Friend.
2. Indra, who with triumphant wrath smote Vyamsa down, and Sambara, and Pipru the unrighteous one;
     Who extirpated Susna the insatiate,–him girt by Maruts we invoke to be our Friend.
3. He whose great work of manly might is heaven and earth, and Varuna and Surya keep his holy law;
     Indra, whose law the rivers follow as they flow,–him girt by Maruts we invoke to be our Friend.
4. He who is Lord and Master of the steeds and kine, honoured–the firm and sure–at every holy act;
     Stayer even of the strong who pours no offering out,–him girt by Maruts we invoke to be our Friend.
5. He who is Lord of all the world that moves and breathes, who for the Brahman first before all found the Cows;
     Indra who cast the Dasyus down beneath his feet,–him girt by Maruts we invoke to be our Friend.
6. Whom cowards must invoke and valiant men of war, invoked by those who conquer and by those who flee;
     Indra, to whom all beings turn their constant thought,–him girt by Maruts we invoke to be our Friend.
7. Refulgent in the Rudras’ region he proceeds, and with the Rudras through the wide space speeds the Dame.
     The hymn of praise extols Indra the far-renowned: him girt by Maruts we invoke to be our Friend.
8. O girt by Maruts, whether thou delight thee in loftiest gathering-place or lowly dwelling,
     Come thence unto our rite, true boon-best-ower: through love of thee have we prepared oblations.
9. We, fain for thee, strong Indra, have pressed Soma, and, O thou sought with prayer, have made oblations.
     Now at this sacrifice, with all thy Maruts, on sacred grass, O team-borne God, rejoice thee.
10. Rejoice thee with thine own Bay Steeds, O Indra, unclose thy jaws and let thy lips be open.
     Thou with the fair cheek, let thy Bay Steeds bring thee: gracious to us, he pleased with our oblation.
11. Guards of the camp whose praisers are the Maruts, may we through Indra, get ourselves the booty.
     This prayer of ours may Varuna grant, and Mitra, and Aditi and Sindhu, Earth and Heaven.

Mandala 1, Hymn 102.

1. To thee the Mighty One I bring this mighty hymn, for thy desire hath been gratified by my laud.
     In Indra, yea in him victorious through his strength, the Gods have joyed at feast and when the Soma flowed.
2. The Seven Rivers bear his glory far and wide, and heaven and sky and earth display his comely form.
     The Sun and Moon in change alternate run their course, that we, O Indra, may behold and may have faith.
3. Maghavan, grant us that same car to bring us spoil, thy conquering car in which we joy in shock of fight.
     Thou, Indra, whom our hearts praise highly in the war, grant shelter, Maghavan, to us who love thee well.
4. Encourage thou our side in every fight: may we, with thee for our ally, conquer the foeman’s host.
     Indra, bestow on us joy and felicity break down, O Maghavan, the vigour of our foes.
5. For here in divers ways these men invoking thee, holder of treasures, sing hymns to win thine aid.
     Ascend the car that thou mayest bring spoil to us, for, Indra, thy fixt winneth the victory.
6. His arms win kine, his power is boundless in each act best, with a hundred helps waker of battle’s din
     Is Indra: none may rival him in mighty strength. Hence, eager for the spoil the people call on him.
7. Thy glory, Maghavan, exceeds a hundred yea, more than a hundred, than a thousand mid the folk,
     The great bowl hath inspirited thee boundlessly: so mayst thou slay the Vrtras breaker-down of forts!
8. Of thy great might there is a three counterpart, the three earths, Lord men and the three realms of light.
     Above this whole world, Indra, thou hast waxen great: without a foe art thou, nature, from of old.
9. We invocate thee first among the Deities: thou hast become a mighty Conquer in fight.
     May Indra fill with spirit this our singer’s heart, and make our car impetuous, foremost in attack.
10. Thou hast prevailed, and hast not kept the booty back, in trifling battles in those of great account.
     We make thee keen, the Mighty One, succour us: inspire us, Maghavan, when we defy the foe.
11. May Indra evermore be our Protector, and unimperilled may we win the booty.
     This prayer of ours may Varuna grant and Mitra, and Aditi and Sindhu, Earth and Heaven.

Mandala 1, Hymn 103.

1. THAT highest Indra-power of thine is distant: that which is here sages possessed aforetime.
     This one is on the earth, in heaven the other, and both unite as flag with flag in battle.
2. He spread the wide earth out and firmly fixed it, smote with his thunderbolt and loosed the waters.
     Maghavan with his puissance struck down Ahi, rent Rauhina to death and slaughtered Vyamsa.
3. Armed with his bolt and trusting in his prowess he wandered shattering the forts of Dasas.
     Cast thy dart, knowing, Thunderer, at the Dasyu; increase the Arya’s might and glory, Indra.
4. For him who thus hath taught these human races, Maghavan, bearing a fame-worthy title,
     Thunderer, drawing nigh to slay the Dasyus, hath given himself the name of Son for glory.
5. See this abundant wealth that he possesses, and put your trust in Indra’s hero vigour.
     He found the cattle, and he found the horses, he found the plants, the forests and the waters.
6. To him the truly strong, whose deeds are many, to him the strong Bull let us pour the Soma.
     The Hero, watching like a thief in ambush, goes parting the possessions of the godless.
7. Well didst thou do that hero deed, O Indra, in waking with thy bolt the slumbering Ahi.
     in thee, delighted, Dames divine rejoiced them, the flying Maruts and all Gods were joyful.
8. As thou hast smitten Susna, Pipru, Vrtra and Kuyava, and Sambara’s forts O Indra.
     This prayer of ours may Varuna grant, and Mitra, and Aditi and Sindhu, Earth and Heaven.

Mandala 1, Hymn 104.

1. THE altar hath been made for thee to rest on: come like a panting courser and be seated.
     Loosen thy flying Steeds, set free thy Horses who bear thee swiftly nigh at eve and morning.
2. These men have come to Indra for assistance: shall he not quickly come upon these pathways?
     May the Gods quell the fury of the Dasa, and may they lead our folk to happy fortune.
3. He who hath only wish as his possession casts on himself, casts foam amid the waters.
     Both wives of Kuyava in milk have bathed them: may they be drowned within the depth of Sipha.
4. This hath his kinship checked who lives beside us: with ancient streams forth speeds and rules the Hero,
     AÃƒÆ’Ã‚Â±jasi, Kulisi, and Virapatni, delighting him, bear milk upon their waters.
5. Soon as this Dasyu’s traces were discovered, as she who knows her home, he sought the dwelling.
     Now think thou of us, Maghavan, nor cast us away as doth a profligate his treasure.
6. Indra, as such, give us a share of sunlight, of waters, sinlessness, and reputation.
     Do thou no harm to our yet unborn offspring: our trust is in thy mighty Indra-power.
7. Now we, I think, in thee as such have trusted: lead us on, Mighty One, to ample riches.
     In no unready house give us, O Indra invoked of many, food and drink when hungry.
8. Slay us not, Indra; do not thou forsake us: steal not away the joys which we delight in.
     Rend not our unborn brood, strong Lord of Bounty! our vessels with the life that is within them.
9. Come to us; they have called thee Soma-lover: here is the pressed juice. Drink thereof for rapture.
     Widely-capacious, pour it down within thee, and, invocated, hear us like a Father.

Mandala 1, Hymn 105.

1. WITHIN the waters runs the Moon, he with the beauteous wings in heaven.
     Ye lightnings with your golden wheels, men find not your abiding-place. Mark this my woe, ye Earth and Heaven.
2. Surely men crave and gain their wish. Close to her husband clings the wife.
     And, in embraces intertwined, both give and take the bliss of love. Mark this my woe, ye Earth and Heaven.
3. O never may that light, ye Gods, fall from its station in the sky.
     Ne’er fail us one like Soma sweet, the spring of our felicity. Mark this my woe ye Earth and Heaven.
4. I ask the last of sacrifice. As envoy he shall tell it forth.
     Where is the ancient law divine? Who is its new diffuser now? Mark this my woe, ye Earth and Heaven.
5. Ye Gods who yonder have your home in the three lucid realms of heaven,
     What count ye truth and what untruth? Where is mine ancient call on you? Mark this my woe, ye Earth and Heaven.
6. What is your firm support of Law? What Varuna’s observant eye?
     How may we pass the wicked on the path of mighty Aryaman? Mark this my woe, ye Earth and Heaven.
7. I am the man who sang of old full many a laud when Soma flowed.
     Yet torturing cares consume me as the wolf assails the thirsty deer. Mark this my woe, ye Earth and Heaven.
8. Like rival wives on every side enclosing ribs oppress me sore.
     O Satakratu, biting cares devour me, singer of thy praise, as rats devour the weaver’s threads. Mark this my woe, ye Earth and Heaven.
9. Where those seven rays are shining, thence my home and family extend.
     This Trta Aptya knoweth well, and speaketh out for brotherhood. Mark this my woe, ye Earth and Heaven.
10. May those five Bulls which stand on high full in the midst of mighty heaven,
     Having together swiftly borne my praises to the Gods, return. Mark this my woe, ye Earth and Heaven.
11. High in the mid ascent of heaven those Birds of beauteous pinion sit.
     Back from his path they drive the wolf as he would cross the restless floods. Mark this my woe, ye Earth and Heaven.
12. Firm is this new-wrought hymn of praise, and meet to be told forth, O Gods.
     The flowing of the floods is Law, Truth is the Sun’s extended light. Mark this my woe, ye Earth and Heaven.
13. Worthy of laud, O Agni, is that kinship which thou hast with Gods.
     Here seat thee like a man: most wise, bring thou the Gods for sacrifice. Mark this my woe, ye Earth and Heaven.
14. Here seated, man-like as a priest shall wisest Agni to the Gods
     Speed onward our oblations, God among the Gods, intelligent. Mark this my woe, ye Earth and Heaven.
15. Varuna makes the holy prayer. To him who finds the path we pray.
     He in the heart reveals his thought. Let sacred worship rise anew. Mark this my woe, ye Earth and Heaven.
16. That pathway of the Sun in heaven, made to be highly glorified,
     Is not to be transgressed, O Gods. O mortals, ye behold it not. Mark this my woe, ye Earth and Heaven.
17. Trta, when buried in the well, calls on the Gods to succour him.
     That call of his Brhaspati heard and released him from distress. Mark this my woe, ye Earth and Heaven.
18. A ruddy wolf beheld me once, as I was faring on my path.
     He, like a carpenter whose back is aching crouched and slunk away. Mark this my woe, ye Earth and Heaven.
19. Through this our song may we, allied with Indra, with all our heroes conquer in the battle.
     This prayer of ours may Varuna grant, and Mitra, and Aditi and Sindhu, Earth and Heaven.

Mandala 1, Hymn 106.

1. CALL we for aid on Indra, Mitra, Varuna and Agni and the Marut host and Aditi.
     Even as a chariot from a difficult ravine, bountiful Vasus, rescue us from all distress.
2. Come ye Adityas for our full prosperity, in conquests of the foe, ye Gods, bring joy to us.
     Even as a chariot from a difficult ravine, bountiful Vasus, rescue us from all distress.
3. May the most glorious Fathers aid us, and the two Goddesses, Mothers of the Gods, who strengthen Law.
     Even as a chariot from a difficult ravine, bountiful Vasus, rescue us from all distress.
4. To mighty Narasamsa, strengthening his might, to Pusan, ruler over men, we pray with hymns.
     Even as a chariot from a difficult ravine, bountiful Vasus, rescue us from all distress.
5. Brhaspati, make us evermore an easy path: we crave what boon thou hast for men in rest and stir.
     Like as a chariot from a difficult ravine, bountiful Vasus, rescue us from all distress.
6. Sunk in the pit the Rsi Kutsa called, to aid, Indra the Vrtra-slayer, Lord of power and might.
     Even as a chariot from a difficult ravine, bountiful Vasus, rescue us from all distress.
7. May Aditi the Goddess guard us with the Gods: may the protecting God keep us with ceaseless care.
     This prayer of ours may Varuna grant, and Mitra, and Aditi and Sindhu, Earth and Heaven.

Mandala 1, Hymn 107.

1. THE sacrifice obtains the Gods’ acceptance: be graciously inclined to us, Adityas.
     Hitherward let your favour be directed, and be our best deliverer from trouble.
2. By praise-songs of Angirases exalted, may the Gods come to us with their protection.
     May Indra with his powers, Maruts with Maruts, Aditi with Adityas grant us shelter.
3. This laud of ours may Varuna and Indra, Aryaman Agni, Savitar find pleasant.
     This prayer’ of ours may Varuna grant, and Mitra, and Aditi and Sindhu, Earth and Heaven.

Mandala 1, Hymn 108.

1. ON that most wondrous car of yours, O Indra and Agni, which looks round on all things living,
     Take ye your stand and come to us together, and drink libations of the flowing Soma.
2. As vast as all this world is in its compass, deep as it is, with its far-stretching surface,
     So let this Soma be, Indra and Agni, made for your drinking till your soul be sated.
3. For ye have won a blessed name together: yea, with one aim ye strove, O Vrtra-slayers.
     So Indra-Agni, seated here together, pour in, ye Mighty Ones, the mighty Soma.
4. Both stand adorned, when fires are duly kindled, spreading the sacred grass, with lifted ladles.
     Drawn by strong Soma juice poured forth around us, come, Indra-Agni, and display your favour.
5. The brave deeds ye have done, Indra and Agni, the forms ye have displayed and mighty exploits,
     The ancient and auspicious bonds of friendship,–for sake of these drink of the flowing Soma.
6. As first I said when choosing you, in battle we must contend with Asuras for this Soma.
     So came ye unto this my true conviction, and drank libations of the flowing Soma.
7. If in your dwelling, or with prince or Brahman, ye, Indra-Agni, Holy Ones, rejoice you,
     Even from thence, ye mighty Lords, come hither, and drink libation of the flowing Soma.
8. If with, the Yadus, Turvasas, ye sojourn, with Druhyus, Anus, Purus, Indra-Agni!
     Even from thence, ye mighty Lords, come hither, and drink libations of the flowing Soma.
9. Whether, O Indra-Agni, ye be dwelling in lowest earth, in central, or in highest.
     Even from thence, ye mighty Lords, come hither, and drink libations of the flowing Soma.
10. Whether, O Indra-Agni, ye be dwelling in highest earth, in central, or in lowest,
     Even from thence, ye mighty Lords, come hither, and drink libations of the flowing Soma.
11. Whether ye be in heaven, O Indra-Agni, on earth, on mountains, in the herbs, or waters,
     Even from thence, ye mighty Lords, come hither, and drink libations of the flowing Soma.
12. If, when the Sun to the mid-heaven hath mounted, ye take delight in food, O Indra-Agni,
     Even from thence, ye mighty Lords, come hither, and drink libations of the flowing Soma.
13. Thus having drunk your fill of our libation, win us all kinds of wealth, Indra and Agni.
     This prayer of ours may Varuna grant, and Mitra, and Aditi and Sindhu, Earth and Heaven.

Mandala 1, Hymn 109.

1. LONGING for weal I looked around, in spirit, for kinsmen, Indra-Agni, or for brothers.
     No providence but yours alone is with me so have I wrought for you this hymn for succour.
2. For I have heard that ye give wealth more freely than worthless son-in-law or spouse’s brother.
     So offering to you this draught of Soma, I make you this new hymn, Indra and Agni,
3. Let us not break the cords: with this petition we strive to gain the powers of our forefathers.
     For Indra-Agni the strong drops are joyful, for here in the bowl’s lap are both the press-stones.
4. For you the bowl divine, Indra and Agni, presses the Soma gladly to delight you.
     With hands auspicious and fair arms, ye Asvins, haste, sprinkle it with sweetness in the waters.
5. You, I have heard, were mightiest, Indra-Agni, when Vrtra fell and when the spoil was parted.
     Sit at this sacrifice, ye ever active, on the strewn grass, and with the juice delight you.
6. Surpassing all men where they shout for battle, ye Twain exceed the earth and heaven in greatness.
     Greater are ye than rivers and than mountains, O Indra-Agni, and all things beside them.
7. Bring wealth and give it, ye whose arms wield thunder: Indra and Agni, with your powers protect us.
     Now of a truth these be the very sunbeams wherewith our fathers were of old united.
8. Give, ye who shatter forts, whose hands wield thunder: Indra and Agni, save us in our battles.
     This prayer of ours may Varuna grant, and Mitra, and Aditi and Sindhu, Earth and Heaven.

Mandala 1, Hymn 110.

1. THE holy work I wrought before is wrought again: my sweetest hymn is sung to celebrate your praise.
     Here, O ye Rbhus, is this sea for all the Gods: sate you with Soma offered with the hallowing word.
2. When, seeking your enjoyment onward from afar, ye, certain of my kinsmen, wandered on your way,
     Sons of Sudhanvan, after your long journeying, ye came unto the home of liberal Savitar.
3. Savitar therefore gave you immortality, because ye came proclaiming him whom naught can hide;
     And this the drinking-chalice of the Asura, which till that time was one, ye made to be fourfold.
4. When they had served with zeal at sacrifice as priests, they, mortal as they were, gained immortality.
     The Rbhus, children of Sudhanvan, bright as suns, were in a year’s course made associate with prayers.
5. The Rbhus, with a rod measured, as ‘twere a field, the single sacrificial chalice. wide of mouth,
     Lauded of all who saw, praying for what is best, desiring glorious fame among Immortal Gods.
6. As oil in ladles, we through knowledge will present unto the Heroes of the firmament our hymn,–
     The Rbhus who came near with this great Father’s speed, and rose to heaven’s high sphere to eat the strengthening food.
7. Rbhu to us is Indra freshest in his might, Rbhu with powers and wealth is giver of rich gifts.
     Gods, through your favour may we on the happy day quell the attacks of those who pour no offerings forth.
8. Out of a skin, O Rbhus, once ye formed a cow, and brought the mother close unto her calf again.
     Sons of Sudhanvan, Heroes, with surpassing skill ye made your aged Parents youthful as before.
9. Help us with strength where spoil is won, O Indra: joined with the Rbhus give us varied bounty.
     This prayer of ours may Varuna grant, and Mitra, and Aditi and Sindhu, Earth and Heaven.

Mandala 1, Hymn 111.

1. WORKING with skill they wrought the lightly rolling car: they wrought the Bays who bear Indra and bring great gifts.
     The Rbhus for their Parents made life young again; and fashioned for the calf a mother by its side.
2. For sacrifice make for us active vital power for skill and wisdom food with noble progeny.
     Grant to our company this power most excellent, that with a family all-heroic we may dwell.
3. Do ye, O Rbhus, make prosperity for us, prosperity for car, ye Heroes, and for steed.
     Grant us prosperity victorious evermore,
     conquering foes in battle, strangers or akin.
4. Indra, the Rbhus’ Lord, I invocate for aid, the Rbhus, Vajas, Maruts to the Soma draught.
     Varuna, Mitra, both, yea, and the Asvins Twain: let them speed us to wealth, wisdom, and victory.
5. May Rbhu send prosperity for battle, may Vaja conquering in the fight protect us.
     This prayer of ours may Varuna grant, and Mitra, and Aditi and Sindhu, Earth and Heaven.

Mandala 1, Hymn 112.

1. To give first thought to them, I worship Heaven and Earth, and Agni, fair bright glow, to hasten their approach.
     Come hither unto us, O Asvins, with those aids wherewith in fight ye speed the war-cry to the spoil.
2. Ample, unfailing, they have mounted as it were an eloquent car that ye may think of us and give.
     Come hither unto us, O Asvins, with those aids wherewith ye help our thoughts to further holy acts.
3. Ye by the might which heavenly nectar giveth you are in supreme dominion Lords of all these folk.
     Come hither unto us, O Asvins, with those aids wherewith ye, Heroes, made the barren cow give milk.
4. The aids wherewith the Wanderer through his offspring’s might, or the Two-Mothered Son shows swiftest mid the swift;
     Wherewith the sapient one acquired his triple lore,–Come hither unto us, O Asvins, with those aids.
5. Wherewith ye raised from waters, prisoned and fast bound, Rebha, and Vandana to look upon the light;
     Wherewith ye succoured Kanva as he strove to win,–Come hither unto us, O Asvins, with those aids.
6. Wherewith ye rescued Antaka when languishing deep in the pit, and Bhujyu with unfailing help.
     And comforted Karkandhu, Vayya, in their woe,–Come hither unto us, O Asvins, with those aids.
7. Wherewith ye gave Sucanti wealth and happy home, and made the fiery pit friendly for Atri’s sake;
     Wherewith ye guarded Purukutsa, Prsnigu,–Come hither unto us, O Asvin;, with those aids.
8. Mighty Ones, with what powers ye gave Paravrj aid what time ye made the blind and lame to see and walk;
     Wherewith ye set at liberty the swallowed quail,–Come hither unto us, O Asvins, with those aids.
9. Wherewith ye quickened the most sweet exhaustless flood, and comforted Vasistha, ye who ne’er decay;
     And to Srutarya, Kutsa, Narya gave your help,–Come hither unto us, O Asvins, with those aids.
10. Wherewith ye helped, in battle of a thousand spoils, Vispala seeking booty, powerless to move.
     Wherewith ye guarded friendly Vasa, Asva’s son,–Come hither unto us, O Asvins, with those aids.
11. Whereby the cloud, ye Bounteous Givers, shed sweet rain for Dirghasravas, for the merchant Ausija,
     Wherewith ye helped Kaksivan, singer of your praise,–Come hither unto us, O Asvins, with those aids.
12. Wherewith ye made Rasa swell full with water-floods, and urged to victory the car without a horse;
     Wherewith Trisoka drove forth his recovered cows,–Come hither unto us, O Asvins, with those aids.
13. Wherewith ye, compass round the Sun when far away, strengthened Mandhatar in his tasks as lord of lands,
     And to sage Bharadvaja gave protecting help,–Come hither unto us, O Asvins, with those aids.
14. Wherewith, when Sambara was slain, ye guarded well great Atithigva, Divodisa, Kasoju,
     And Trasadasyu when the forts were shattered down,–Come hither unto us, O Asvins, with those aids.
15. Wherewith ye honoured the great drinker Vamra, and Upastuta and Kali when he gained his wife,
     And lent to Vyasva and to Prthi favouring help,–Come hither unto us, O Asvins, with those aids.
16. Wherewith, O Heroes, ye vouchsafed deliverance to Sayu, Atri, and to Manu long ago;
     Wherewith ye shot your shafts in Syumarasmi’s cause.–Come hither unto us, O Asvins, with those aids.
17. Wherewith Patharva, in his majesty of form, shone in his course like to a gathered kindled fire;
     Wherewith ye helped Saryata in the mighty fray,–Come hither unto us, O Asvins, with those aids.
18. Wherewith, Angirases! ye triumphed in your heart, and onward went to liberate the flood of milk;
     Wherewith ye helped the hero Manu with new strength,–Come hither unto us, O Asvins, with those aids.
19. Wherewith ye brought a wife for Vimada to wed, wherewith ye freely gave the ruddy cows away;
     Wherewith ye brought the host of kind Gods to Sudas–Come hither unto us, O Asvins, with those aids.
20. Wherewith ye bring great bliss to him who offers gifts, wherewith ye have protected Bhujyu, Adhrigu,
     And good and gracious Subhara and Rtastup,–Come hither unto us, O Asvins, with those aids.
21. Wherewith ye served Krsanu where the shafts were shot, and helped the young man’s horse to swiftness in the race;
     Wherewith ye bring delicious honey to the bees,–Come hither unto us, O Asvins, with those aids.
22. Wherewith ye speed the hero as he fights for kine in hero battle, in the strife for land and sons,
     Wherewith ye safely guard his horses and his car,–Come hither unto us, O Asvins with those aids.
23. Wherewith ye, Lords of Hundred Powers, helped Kutsa, son of Arjuni, gave Turviti and Dabhiti strength,
     Favoured Dhvasanti and lent Purusanti help,–Come hither unto us, O Asvins, with those aids.
24. Make ye our speech effectual, O ye Asvins, and this our hymn, ye mighty Wonder-Workers.
     In luckless game I call on you for succour: strengthen us also on the field of battle.
25. With, undiminished blessings, O ye Asvins, for evermore both night and day protect us.
     This prayer of ours may Varuna grant, and Mitra, and Aditi and Sindhu, Earth and Heaven.

Mandala 1, Hymn 113.

1. This light is come, amid all lights the fairest; born is the brilliant, far-extending brightness.
     Night, sent away for Savitar’s uprising, hath yielded up a birth-place for the Morning.
2. The Fair, the Bright is come with her white offspring; to her the Dark One hath resigned her dwelling.
     Akin, immortal, following each other, changing their colours both the heavens move onward.
3. Common, unending is the Sisters’ pathway; taught by the Gods, alternately they travel.
     Fair-formed, of different hues and yet one-minded, Night and Dawn clash not, neither do they travel.
4. Bright leader of glad sounds, our eyes behold her; splendid in hue she hath unclosed the portals.
     She, stirring up the world, hath shown us riches: Dawn hath awakened every living creature.
5. Rich Dawn, she sets afoot the coiled-up sleeper, one for enjoyment, one for wealth or worship,
     Those who saw little for extended vision. All living creatures hath the Dawn awakened.
6. One to high sway, one to exalted glory, one to pursue his gain, and one his labour:
     All to regard their different vocations, all moving creatures hath the Dawn awakened.
7. We see her there, the Child of Heaven apparent, the young Maid, flushing in her shining raiment.
     Thou sovran Lady of all earthly treasure, flush on us here, auspicious Dawn, this morning.
8. She first of endless morns to come hereafter, follows the path of morns that have departed.
     Dawn, at her rising, urges forth the living him who is dead she wakes not from his slumber.
9. As thou, Dawn, hast caused Agni to be kindled, and with the Sun’s eye hast revealed creation.
     And hast awakened men to offer worship, thou hast performed, for Gods, a noble service.
10. How long a time, and they shall be together,–Dawns that have shone and Dawns to shine hereafter?
     She yearns for former Dawns with eager longing, and goes forth gladly shining with the others.
11. Gone are the men who in the days before us looked on the rising of the earlier Morning.
     We, we the living, now behold her brightness and they come nigh who shall hereafter see her.
12. Foe-chaser, born of Law, the Law’s protectress, joy-giver, waker of all pleasant voices,
     Auspicious, bringing food for Gods’ enjoyment, shine on us here, most bright, O Dawn, this morning.
13. From days eternal hath Dawn shone, the Goddess, and shows this light to-day, endowed with riches.
     So will she shine on days to come immortal she moves on in her own strength, undecaying.
14. In the sky’s borders hath she shone in splendour: the Goddess hath thrown off the veil of darkness.
     Awakening the world with purple horses, on her well-harnessed chariot Dawn approaches.
15. Bringing all life-sustaining blessings with her, showing herself she sends forth brilliant lustre.
     Last of the countless mornings that have vanished, first of bright morns to come hath Dawn arisen.
16. Arise! the breath, the life, again hath reached us: darkness hath passed away and light approacheth.
     She for the Sun hath left a path to travel we have arrived where men prolong existence.
17. Singing the praises of refulgent Mornings with his hymn’s web the priest, the poet rises.
     Shine then to-day, rich Maid, on him who lauds thee, shine down on us the gift of life and offspring.
18. Dawns giving sons all heroes, kine and horses, shining upon the man who brings oblations,–
     These let the Soma-presser gain when ending his glad songs louder than the voice of Vayu.
19. Mother of Gods, Aditi’s form of glory, ensign of sacrifice, shine forth exalted.
     Rise up, bestowing praise on our devotion all-bounteous, make us chief among the people.
20. Whatever splendid wealth the Dawns bring with them to bless the man who offers praise and worship,
     Even that may Mitra, Varuna vouchsafe us, and Aditi and Sindhu, Earth and Heaven.

Mandala 1, Hymn 114.

1. To the strong Rudra bring we these our songs of praise, to him the Lord of Heroes with the braided hair,
     That it be well with all our cattle and our men, that in this village all be healthy and well-fed.
2. Be gracious unto us, O Rudra, bring us joy: thee, Lord of Heroes, thee with reverence will we serve.
     Whatever health and strength our father Manu won by sacrifice may we, under thy guidance, gain.
3. By worship of the Gods may we, O Bounteous One, O Rudra, gain thy grace, Ruler of valiant men.
     Come to our families, bringing them bliss: may we, whose heroes are uninjured, bring thee sacred gifts,
4. Hither we call for aid the wise, the wanderer, impetuous Rudra, perfecter of sacrifice.
     May he repel from us the anger of the Gods: verily we desire his favourable grace.
5. Him with the braided hair we call with reverence down, the wild-boar of the sky, the red, the dazzling shape.
     May he, his hand filled full of sovran medicines, grant us protection, shelter, and a home secure.
6. To him the Maruts’ Father is this hymn addressed, to strengthen Rudra’s might, a song more sweet than sweet.
     Grant us, Immortal One, the food which mortals eat: be gracious unto me, my seed, my progeny.
7. O Rudra, harm not either great or small of us, harm not the growing boy, harm not the full-grown man.
     Slay not a sire among us, slay no mother here, and to our own dear bodies, Rudra, do not harm.
8. Harm us not, Rudra, in our seed and progeny, harm us not in the living, nor in cows or steeds,
     Slay not our heroes in the fury of thy wrath. Bringing oblations evermore we call to thee.
9. Even as a herdsman I have brought thee hymns of praise: O Father of the Maruts, give us happiness,
     Blessed is thy most favouring benevolence, so, verily, do we desire thy saving help.
10. Far be thy dart that killeth men or cattle: thy bliss be with us, O thou Lord of Heroes.
     Be gracious unto us, O God, and bless us, and then vouchsafe us doubly-strong protection.
11. We, seeking help, have spoken and adored him: may Rudra, girt by Maruts, hear our calling.
     This prayer of ours may Varuna grant, and Mitra, and Aditi and Sindhu, Earth and Heaven.

Mandala 1, Hymn 115.

1. THE brilliant presence of the Gods hath risen, the eye of Mitra, Varuna and Agni.
     The soul of all that moveth not or moveth, the Sun hath filled the air and earth and heaven.
2. Like as a young man followeth a maiden, so doth the Sun the Dawn, refulgent Goddess:
     Where pious men extend their generations, before the Auspicious One for happy fortune.
3. Auspicious are the Sun’s Bay-coloured Horses, bright, changing hues, meet for our shouts of triumph.
     Bearing our prayers, the sky’s ridge have they mounted, and in a moment speed round earth and heaven.
4. This is the Godhead, this might of Surya: he hath withdrawn what spread o’er work unfinished.
     When he hath loosed his Horses from their station, straight over all Night spreadeth out her garment.
5. In the sky’s lap the Sun this form assumeth that Varuna and Mitra may behold it.
     His Bay Steeds well maintain his power eternal, at one time bright and darksome at another.
6. This day, O Gods, while Surya is ascending, deliver us from trouble and dishonour.
     This prayer of ours may Varuna grant, and Mitra, and Aditi and Sindhu, Earth and Heaven.

Mandala 1, Hymn 116.

1. I TRIM like grass my song for the Nasatyas and send their lauds forth as the wind drives rain-clouds,
     Who, in a chariot rapid as an arrow, brought to the youthful Vimada a consort.
2. Borne on by rapid steeds of mighty pinion, or proudly trusting in the Gods’ incitements.
     That stallion ass of yours won, O Nasatyas, that thousand in the race, in Yama’s contest.
3. Yea, Asvins, as a dead man leaves his riches, Tugra left Bhujyu in the cloud of waters.
     Ye brought him back in animated vessels, traversing air, unwetted by the billows.
4. Bhujyu ye bore with winged things, Nasatyas, which for three nights, three days full swiftly travelled,
     To the sea’s farther shore, the strand of ocean, in three cars, hundred-footed, with six horses.
5. Ye wrought that hero exploit in the ocean which giveth no support, or hold or station,
     What time ye carried Bhujyu to his dwelling, borne in a ship with hundred oars, O Asvins.
6. The white horse which of old ye gave Aghasva, Asvins, a gift to be his wealth for ever,–
     Still to be praised is that your glorious present, still to be famed is the brave horse of Pedu.
7. O Heroes, ye gave wisdom to Kaksivan who sprang from Pajra’s line, who sang your praises.
     Ye poured forth from the hoof of your strong charger a hundred jars of wine as from a strainer.
8. Ye warded off with cold the fire’s fierce burning; food very rich in nourishment ye furnished.
     Atri, cast downward in the cavern, Asvins ye brought, with all his people, forth to comfort.
9. Ye lifted up the well, O ye Nasatyas, and set the base on high to open downward.
     Streams flowed for folk of Gotama who thirsted, like rain to bring forth thousandfold abundance.
10. Ye from the old Cyavana, O Nasatyas, stripped, as ‘twere mail, the skin upon
     his body,
     Lengthened his life when all had left him helpless, Dasras! and made him lord of youthful maidens.
11. Worthy of praise and worth the winning, Heroes, is that your favouring succour O Nasatyas,
     What time ye, knowing well his case, delivered Vandana from the pit like hidden treasure.
12. That mighty deed of yours, for gain, O Heroes, as thunder heraldeth the rain, I publish,
     When, by the horse’s head, Atharvan’s offspring Dadhyac made known to you the Soma’s sweetness.
13. In the great rite the wise dame called, Nasatyas, you, Lords of many treasures, to assist her.
     Ye heard the weakling’s wife, as ‘twere an order, and gave to her a son Hiranyahasta.
14. Ye from the wolf’s jaws, as ye stood together, set free the quail, O Heroes, O Nasatyas.
     Ye, Lords of many treasures, gave the poet his perfect vision as he mourned his trouble.
15. When in the time of night, in Khela’s battle, a leg was severed like a wild bird’s pinion,
     Straight ye gave Vispala a leg of iron that she might move what time the conflict opened.
16. His father robbed Rjrasva of his eyesight who for the she-wolf slew a hundred wethers.
     Ye gave him eyes, Nasatyas, Wonder-Workers, Physicians, that he saw with sight uninjured.
17. The Daughter of the Sun your car ascended, first reaching as it were the goal with coursers.
     All Deities within their hearts assented, and ye, Nasatyas, are close linked with glory.
18. When to his house ye came, to Divodasa, hasting to Bharadvaja, O ye Asvins,
     The car that came with you brought splendid riches: a porpoise and a bull were yoked together.
19. Ye, bringing wealth with rule, and life with offspring, life rich in noble heroes; O Nasatyas,
     Accordant came with strength to Jahnu’s children who offered you thrice every day your portion.
20. Ye bore away at night by easy pathways Jahusa compassed round on every quarter,
     And, with your car that cleaves the toe asunder, Nasatyas never decaying! rent the mountains.
21. One morn ye strengthened Vasa for the battle, to gather spoils that might be told in thousands.
     With Indra joined ye drove away misfortunes, yea foes of Prthusravas, O ye mighty.
22. From the deep well ye raised on high the water, so that Rcatka’s son, Sara, should drink it;
     And with your might, to help the weary Sayu, ye made the barren cow yield milk, Nasatyas.
23. To Visvaka, Nasatyas! son of Krsna, the righteous man who sought your aid and praised you,
     Ye with your powers restored, like some lost creature, his son Visnapu for his eyes to look on.
24. Asvins, ye raised, like Soma in a ladle Rebha, who for ten days and ten nights, fettered.
     Had lain in cruel bonds, immersed and wounded, suffering sore affliction, in the waters.
25. 1 have declared your wondrous deeds, O Asvins: may this be mine, and many kine and heroes.
     May I, enjoying lengthened life, still seeing, enter old age as ‘twere the house I live in.

Mandala 1, Hymn 117.

1. ASVINS, your ancient priest invites you hither to gladden you with draughts of meath of Soma.
     Our gift is on the grass, our song apportioned: with food and strength come hither, O Nasatyas.
2. That car of yours, swifter than thought, O Asvins, which drawn by brave steeds cometh to the people,
     Whereon ye seek the dwelling of the pious,–come ye thereon to our abode, O Heroes.
3. Ye freed sage Atri, whom the Five Tribes honoured, from the strait pit, ye Heroes with his people,
     Baffling the guiles of the malignant Dasyu, repelling them, ye Mighty in succession.
4. Rebha the sage, ye mighty Heroes, Asvins! whom, like a horse, vile men had sunk in water,–
     Him, wounded, with your wondrous power ye rescued: your exploits of old time endure for ever.
5. Ye brought forth Vandana, ye Wonder-Workers, for triumph, like fair gold that hath been buried,
     Like one who slumbered in destruction’s bosom, or like the Sun when dwelling in the darkness.
6. Kaksivan, Pajra’s son, must laud that exploit of yours, Nasatyas, Heroes, ye who wander!
     When from the hoof of your strong horse ye showered a hundred jars of honey for the people.
7. To Krsna’s son, to Visvaka who praised you, O Heroes, ye restored his son Visnapu.
     To Ghosa, living in her father’s dwelling, stricken in years, ye gave a husband, Asvins.
8. Rusati, of the mighty people, Asvins, ye gave to Syava of the line of Kanva.
     This deed of yours, ye Strong Ones should be published, that ye gave glory to the son of Nrsad.
9. O Asvins, wearing many forms at pleasure, on Pedu ye bestowed a fleet-foot courser,
     Strong, winner of a thousand spoils, resistless the serpent slayer, glorious, triumphant.
10. These glorious things are yours, ye Bounteous Givers; prayer, praise in both worlds are your habitation.
     O Asvins, when the sons of Pajra call you, send strength with nourishment to him who knoweth.
11. Hymned with the reverence of a son, O Asvins ye Swift Ones giving booty to the singer,
     Glorified by Agastya with devotion, established Vispala again, Nasatyas.
12. Ye Sons of Heaven, ye Mighty, whither went ye, sought ye, for his fair praise the home of Kavya.
     When, like a pitcher full of gold, O Asvins, on the tenth day ye lifted up the buried?
13. Ye with the aid of your great powers, O Asvins, restored to youth the ancient man Cyavana.
     The Daughter of the Sun with all her glory, O ye Nasatyas, chose your car to bear her.
14. Ye, ever-youthful Ones, again remembered Tugra, according to your ancient manner:
     With horses brown of hue that flew with swift wings ye brought back Bhujyu from the sea of billows.
15. The son of Tugra had invoked you, Asvins; borne on he went uninjured through the ocean.
     Ye with your chariot swift as thought, well-harnessed, carried him off, O Mighty Ones, to safety.
16. The quail had invocated you, O Asvins, when from the wolf’s devouring jaws ye freed her.
     With conquering car ye cleft the mountain’s ridges: the offspring of Visvac ye killed with poison.
17. He whom for furnishing a hundred wethers to the she-wolf, his wicked father blinded,–
     To him, Rjrasva, gave ye eyes, O Asvins; light to the blind ye sent for perfect vision.
18. To bring the blind man joy thus cried the she-wolf: O Asvins, O ye Mighty Ones, O Heroes,
     For me Rjrasva, like a youthful lover, hath. cut piecemeal one and a hundred wethers.
19. Great and weal-giving is your aid, O Asvins, ye, objects of all thought, made whole the cripple.
     Purandhi also for this cause invoked you, and ye, O mighty, came to her with succours.
20. Ye, Wonder-Workers, filled with milk for Sayu the milkless cow, emaciated, barren;
     And by your powers the child of Purumitra ye brought to Vimada to be his consort.
21. Ploughing and sowing barley, O ye Asvins, milking out food for men, ye Wonder-Workers,
     Blasting away the Dasyu with your trumpet, ye gave far-spreading light unto the Arya.
22. Ye brought the horse’s head, Asvins, and gave it unto Dadhyac the offspring of Atharvan.
     True, he revealed to you, O Wonder-Workers, sweet Soma, Tvastar’s secret, as your girdle.
23. O Sages, evermore I crave your favour: be gracious unto all my prayers, O Asvins.
     Grant me, Nasatyas, riches in abundance, wealth famous and accompanied with children.
24. With liberal bounty to the weakling’s consorts ye, Heroes, gave a son Hiranyahasta;
     And Syava, cut into three several pieces, ye brought to life again, O bounteous Asvins.
25. These your heroic exploits, O ye Asvins, done in the days. of old, have men related.
     May we, addressing prayer to you, ye Mighty, speak with brave sons about us to the synod.

Mandala 1, Hymn 118.

1. FLYING, with falcons, may your chariot, Asvins, most gracious, bringing friendly
     help, come hither,–
     Your chariot, swifter than the mind of mortal, fleet as the wind, three-seated O ye Mighty.
2. Come to us with your chariot triple seated, three-wheeled, of triple form, that rolleth lightly.
     Fill full our cows, give mettle to our horses, and make each hero son grow strong, O Asvins.
3. With your well-rolling car, descending swiftly, hear this the press-stone’s song, ye Wonder-Workers.
     How then have ancient sages said, O Asvins, that ye most swiftly come to stay affliction?
4. O Asvins, let your falcons bear you hither, yoked to your chariot, swift, with flying pinions,
     Which, ever active, like the airy eagles, carry you, O Nasatyas, to the banquet.
5. The youthful Daughter of the Sun, delighting in you, ascended there your chariot, Heroes.
     Borne on their swift wings let your beauteous horses, your birds of ruddy hue, convey you near us.
6. Ye raised up Vandana, strong Wonder-Workers! with great might, and with power ye rescued Rebha.
     From out the sea ye saved the son of Tugra, and gave his youth again unto Cyavana.
7. To Atri, cast down to the fire that scorched him, ye gave, O Asvins, strengthening food and favour.
     Accepting his fair praises with approval, ye gave his eyes again to blinded Kanva.
8. For ancient Sayu in his sore affliction ye caused his cow to swell with milk, O Asvins.
     The quail from her great misery ye delivered, and a new leg for Vispala provided.
9. A white horse, Asvins, ye bestowed on Pedu, a serpent-slaying steed sent down by Indra,
     Loud-neighing, conquering the foe, high-mettled, firm-limbed and vigorous, winning thousand treasures.
10. Such as ye are, O nobly born, O Heroes, we in our trouble call on you for succour.
     Accepting these our songs, for our wellbeing come to us on your chariot treasure-laden.
11. Come unto us combined in love, Nasatyas come with the fresh swift vigour of the falcon.
     Bearing oblations I invoke you, Asvins, at the first break of everlasting morning.

Mandala 1, Hymn 119.

1. HITHER, that I may live, I call unto the feast your wondrous car, thought-swift, borne on by rapid steeds.
     With thousand banners, hundred treasures, pouring gifts, promptly obedient, bestowing ample room.
2. Even as it moveth near my hymn is lifted up, and all the regions come together to sing praise.
     I sweeten the oblations; now the helpers come. Urjani hath, O Asvins, mounted on your car.
3. When striving man with man for glory they have met, brisk, measureless, eager for victory in fight,
     Then verily your car is seen upon the slope when ye, O Asvins, bring some choice boon to the prince.
4. Ye came to Bhujyu while he struggled in the flood, with flying birds, self-yoked, ye bore him to his sires.
     Ye went to the far-distant home, O Mighty Ones; and famed is your great aid to Divodisa given.
5. Asvins, the car which you had yoked for glorious show your own two voices urged directed to its goal.
     Then she who came for friendship, Maid of noble birth, elected you as Husbands, you to be her Lords.
6. Rebha ye saved from tyranny; for Atri’s sake ye quenched with cold the fiery pit that compassed him.
     Ye made the cow of Sayu stream refreshing milk, and Vandana was holpen to extended life.
7. Doers of marvels, skilful workers, ye restored Vandana, like a car, worn out with length of days.
     From earth ye brought the sage to life in wondrous mode; be your great deeds done here for him who honours you.
8. Ye went to him who mourned in a far distant place, him who was left forlorn by treachery of his sire.
     Rich with the light of heaven was then the help ye gave, and marvellous your succour when ye stood by him.
9. To you in praise of sweetness sang the honey-bee: Ausija calleth you in Soma’s rapturous joy.
     Ye drew unto yourselves the spirit of Dadhyac, and then the horse’s head uttered his words to you.
10. A horse did ye provide for Pedu, excellent, white, O ye Asvins, conqueror of combatants,
     Invincible in war by arrows, seeking heaven worthy of fame, like Indra, vanquisher of men.

Mandala 1, Hymn 120.

1. ASVINS, what praise may win your grace? Who may be pleasing to you both?
     How shall the ignorant worship you?
2. Here let the ignorant ask the means of you who know–for none beside you knoweth aught–
     Not of a spiritless mortal man.
3. Such as ye: are, all-wise, we call you. Ye wise, declare to us this day accepted prayer.
     Loving you well your servant lauds you.
4. Simply, ye Mighty Ones, I ask the Gods of that wondrous oblation hallowed by the mystic word.
     Save us from what is stronger, fiercer than ourselves.
5. Forth go the hymn that shone in Ghosa Bhrgu’s like, the song wherewith the son of Pajra worships you,
     Like some wise minister.
6. Hear ye the song of him who hastens speedily. O Asvins, I am he who sang your praise.
     Hither, ye Lords of Splendour, hither turn your eyes.
7. For ye were ever nigh to deal forth ample wealth, to give the wealth that ye had gathered up.
     As such, ye Vasus, guard us well, and keep us safely from the wicked wolf.
8. Give us not up to any man who hateth us, nor let our milch-cows stray, whose udders give us food,
     Far from our homes without their calves.
9. May they who love you gain you for their Friends. Prepare ye us for opulence with strengthening food,
     Prepare us for the food that floweth from our cows
10. I have obtained the horseless car of Asvins rich in sacrifice,
     And I am well content therewith.
11. May it convey me evermore: may the light chariot pass from men
     To men unto the Soma draught.
12. It holdeth slumber in contempt. and the rich who enjoyeth not:
     Both vanish quickly and are lost.

Mandala 1, Hymn 121.

1. WHEN Will men’s guardians hasting hear with favour the song of Angiras’s pious
     <A HREF="errata.htm#0">children</A>?
     When to the people of the home he cometh he strideth to the sacrifice, the Holy.
2. He stablished heaven; he poured forth, skilful worker, the wealth of kine, for strength, that nurtures heroes.
     The Mighty One his self-born host regarded, the horse’s mate, the mother of the heifer.
3. Lord of red dawns, he came victorious, daily to the Angirases’ former invocation.
     His bolt and team hath he prepared, and stablished the heaven for quadrupeds and men two-footed.
4. In joy of this thou didst restore, for worship, the lowing company of hidden cattle.
     When the three-pointed one descends with onslaught he opens wide the doors that cause man trouble.
5. Thine is that milk which thy swift-moving Parents brought down, a strengthening genial gift for conquest;
     When the pure treasure unto thee they offered, the milk shed from the cow who streameth nectar.
6. There is he born. May the Swift give us rapture, and like the Sun shine forth from yonder dawning,
     Indu, even us who drank, whose toils are offerings, poured from the spoon, with praise, upon the altar.
7. When the wood-pile, made of good logs, is ready, at the Sun’s worship to bind fast the Bullock,
     Then when thou shinest forth through days of action for the Car-borne, the Swift, the Cattle-seeker.
8. Eight steeds thou broughtest down from mighty heaven, when fighting for the well that giveth splendour,
     That men might press with stones the gladdening yellow, strengthened with milk, fermenting, to exalt thee.
9. Thou hurledst forth from heaven the iron missile, brought by the Skilful, from the sling of leather,
     When thou, O Much-invoked, assisting Kutsa with endless deadly darts didst compass Susna.
10. Bolt-armed, ere darkness overtook the sunlight, thou castest at the veiling cloud thy weapon,
     Thou rentest, out of heaven, though firmly knotted, the might of Susna that was thrown around him.
11. The mighty Heaven and Earth, those bright expanses that have no wheels, joyed, Indra, at thine exploit.
     Vrtra, the boar who lay amid the waters, to sleep thou sentest with thy mighty thunder.
12. Mount Indra, lover of the men thou guardest, the well-yoked horses of the wind, best bearers.
     The bolt which Kavya Usana erst gave thee, strong, gladdening, Vrtra-slaying, hath he fashioned.
13. The strong Bay Horses of the Sun thou stayedst: this Etasa drew not the wheel, O Indra.
     Casting them forth beyond the ninety rivers thou dravest down into the pit the godless.
14. Indra, preserve thou us from this affliction Thunder-armed, save us from the misery near us.
     Vouchsafe us affluence in chariots, founded on horses, for our food and fame and gladness.
15. Never may this thy loving-kindness fail us; mighty in strength, may plenteous food surround us.
     Maghavan, make us share the foeman’s cattle: may we be thy most liberal feast companions.

Mandala 1, Hymn 122.

1. SAY, bringing sacrifice to bounteous Rudra, This juice for drink to you whose wrath is fleeting!
     With Dyaus the Asura’s Heroes I have lauded the Maruts as with prayer to Earth and Heaven.
2. Strong to exalt the early invocation are Night and Dawn who show with varied aspect.
     The Barren clothes her in wide-woven raiment, and fair Morn shines with Surya’s golden splendour.
3. Cheer us the Roamer round, who strikes at morning, the Wind delight us, pourer forth of waters!
     Sharpen our wits, O Parvata and Indra. May all the Gods vouchsafe to us this favour.
4. And Ausija shall call for me that famous Pair who enjoy and drink, who come to brighten.
     Set ye the Offspring of the Floods before you; both Mothers of the Living One who beameth.
5. For you shall Ausija call him who thunders, as, to win Arjuna’s assent, cried Ghosa.
     I will invoke, that Pusan may be bounteous to you, the rich munificence of Agni.
6. Hear, Mitra-Varuna, these mine invocations, hear them from all men in the hall of worship.
     Giver of famous gifts, kind hearer, Sindhu who gives fair fields, listen with all his waters!
7. Praised, Mitra, Varuna! is your gift, a hundred cows to the Prksayamas and the Pajra.
     Presented by car-famous Priyaratha, supplying nourishment, they came directly.
8. Praised is the gift of him the very wealthy: may we enjoy it, men with hero children:
     His who hath many gifts to give the Pajras, a chief who makes me rich in cars and horses.
9. The folk, O Mitra-Varuna, who hate you, who sinfully hating pour you no libations,
     Lay in their hearts, themselves, a wasting sickness, whereas the righteous gaineth all by worship.
10. That man, most puissant, wondrously urged onward, famed among heroes, liberal in giving,
     Moveth a warrior, evermore undaunted in all encounters even with the mighty.
11. Come to the man’s, the sacrificer’s calling: hear, Kings of Immortality, joy-givers!
     While ye who speed through clouds decree your bounty largely, for fame, to him the chariot rider.
12. Vigour will we bestow on that adorer whose tenfold draught we come to taste, so spake they.
     May all in whom rest splendour and great riches obtain refreshment in these sacrifices.
13. We will rejoice to drink the tenfold present when the twicefive come bearing sacred viands.
     What can he do whose steeds and reins are choicest? These, the all-potent, urge brave men to conquest.
14. The sea and all the Deities shall give us him with the golden ear and neck bejewelled.
     Dawns, hasting to the praises of the pious, be pleased with us, both offerers and singers.
15. Four youthful sons of Masarsara vex me, three, of the king, the conquering Ayavasa.
     Now like the Sun, O Varuna and Mitra, your car hath shone, long-shaped and reined with splendour.

Mandala 1, Hymn 123.

1. THE Daksina’s broad chariot hath been harnessed: this car the Gods Immortal have ascended.
     Fain to bring light to homes of men the noble and active Goddess hath emerged from darkness.
2. She before all the living world hath wakened, the Lofty One who wins and gathers treasure.
     Revived and ever young on high she glances. Dawn hath come first unto our morning worship.
3. If, Dawn, thou Goddess nobly born, thou dealest fortune this day to all the race of mortals,
     May Savitar the God, Friend of the homestead, declare before the Sun that we are sinless.
4. Showing her wonted form each day that passeth, spreading the light she visiteth each dwelling.
     Eager for conquest, with bright sheen she cometh. Her portion is the best of goodly treasures.
5. Sister of Varuna, sister of Bhaga, first among all sing forth, O joyous Morning.
     Weak be the strength of him who worketh evil: may we subdue him with our car the guerdon.
6. Let our glad hymns and holy thoughts rise upward, for the flames brightly burning have ascended.
     The far-refulgent Mornings make apparent the lovely treasures which the darkness covered.
7. The one departeth and the other cometh: unlike in hue day’s, halves march on successive.
     One hides the gloom of the surrounding Parents. Dawn on her shining chariot is resplendent.
8. The same in form to-day, the same tomorrow, they still keep Varuna’s eternal statute.
     Blameless, in turn they traverse thirty regions, and dart across the spirit in a moment.
9. She who hath knowledge Of the first day’s nature is born refulgent white from out the darkness.
     The Maiden breaketh not the law of Order, day by day coming to the place appointed.
10. In pride of beauty like a maid thou goest, O Goddess, to the God who longs to win thee,
     And smiling youthful, as thou shinest brightly, before him thou discoverest thy bosom.
11. Fair as a bride embellished by her mother thou showest forth thy form that all may see it.
     Blessed art thou O Dawn. Shine yet more widely. No other Dawns have reached what thou attainest.
12. Rich in kine, horses, and all goodly treasures, in constant operation with the sunbeams,
     The Dawns depart and come again assuming their wonted forms that promise happy fortune.
13. Obedient to the rein of Law Eternal give us each thought that more and more shall bless us.
     Shine thou on us to-day, Dawn, swift to listen. With us be riches and with chiefs who worship.

Mandala 1, Hymn 124.

1. THE Dawn refulgent when the fire is kindled, and the Sun rising, far diffuse their brightness.
     Savitar, God, hath sent us forth to labour, each quadruped, each biped, to be active.
2. Not interrupting heavenly ordinances, although she minisheth human generations.
     The last of endless morns that have departed, the first of those that come, Dawn brightly shineth.
3. There in the eastern region she, Heaven’s Daughter, arrayed in garments all of light, appeareth.
     Truly she followeth the path of Order, nor faileth, knowing well, the heavenly quarters.
4. Near is she seen, as ‘twere the Bright One’s bosom: she showeth sweet things like a new song-singer.
     She cometh like a fly awaking sleepers, of all returning dames most true and constant.
5. There in the east half of the watery region the Mother of the Cows hath shown her ensign.
     Wider and wider still she spreadeth onward, and filleth full the laps of both heir Parents.
6. She, verily, exceeding vast to look on debarreth from her light nor kin nor stranger.
     Proud of her spotless form she, brightly shining, turneth not from the high nor from the humble.
7. She seeketh men, as she who hath no brother, mounting her car, as ‘twere to gather riches.
     Dawn, like a loving matron for her husband, smiling and well attired, unmasks her beauty.
8. The Sister quitteth, for the elder Sister, her place, and having looked on her departeth.
     She decks her beauty, shining forth with sunbeams, like women trooping to the festal meeting.
9. To all these Sisters who ere now have vanished a later one each day in course succeedeth.
     So, like the past, with days of happy fortune, may the new Dawns shine forth on us with riches.
10. Rouse up, O Wealthy One, the liberal givers; let niggard traffickers sleep on unwakened:
     Shine richly, Wealthy One, on those who worship, richly, glad.
     Dawn while wasting, on the singer.
11. This young Maid from the east hath shone upon us; she harnesseth her team of bright red oxen.
     She will beam forth, the light will hasten hither, and Agni will be present in each dwelling.
12. As the birds fly forth from their resting places, so men with store of food rise at thy dawning.
     Yea, to the liberal mortal who remaineth at home, O Goddess Dawn, much good thou bringest.
13. Praised through my prayer be ye who should be lauded. Ye have increased our wealth, ye Dawns who love us.
     Goddesses, may we win by your good favour wealth to be told by hundreds and by thousands.

Mandala 1, Hymn 125.

1. COMING at early morn he gives his treasure; the prudent one receives and entertains him.
     Thereby increasing still his life and offspring, he comes with brave sons to abundant riches.
2. Rich shall he be in gold and kine and horses. Indra bestows on him great vital power,
     Who stays thee, as thou comest, with his treasure, like game caught in the net, O early comer.
3. Longing, I came this morning to the pious, the son of sacrifice, with car wealth-laden.
     Give him to drink juice of the stalk that gladdens; prosper with pleasant hymns the Lord of Heroes.
4. Health-bringing streams, as milch-cows, flow to profit him who hath worshipped, him who now will worship.
     To him who freely gives and fills on all sides full streams of fatness flow and make him famous.
5. On the high ridge of heaven he stands exalted, yea, to the Gods he goes, the liberal giver.
     The streams, the waters flow for him with fatness: to him this guerdon ever yields abundance.
6. For those who give rich meeds are all these splendours, for those who give rich meeds suns shine in heaven.
     The givers of rich meeds are made immortal; the givers of rich fees prolong their lifetime.
7. Let not the liberal sink to sin and sorrow, never decay the pious chiefs who worship!
     Let every man besides be their protection, and let affliction fall upon the niggard.

Mandala 1, Hymn 126.

1. WITH wisdom I present these lively praises of Bhavya dweller on the bank of Sindhu;
     For he, unconquered King, desiring glory, hath furnished me a thousand sacrifices.
2. A hundred necklets from the King, beseeching, a hundred gift-steeds I at once accepted;
     Of the lord’s cows a thousand, I Kaksivan. His deathless glory hath he spread to heaven.
3. Horses of dusky colour stood beside me, ten chariots, Svanaya’s gift, with mares to draw them.
     Kine numbering sixty thousand followed after. Kaksivan gained them when the days were closing.
4. Forty bay horses of the ten cars’ master before a thousand lead the long procession.
     Reeling in joy Kaksivan’s sons and Pajra’s have grounded the coursers decked with pearly trappings.
5. An earlier gift for you have I accepted eight cows, good milkers, and three harnessed horses,
     Pajras, who with your wains with your great kinsman, like troops of subjects, have been fain for glory.
6. [Ille loquitur]. Adhaerens, arcte adhaerens, illa quae mustelae similis se abdidit, multum humorem effundens, dat mihi complexuum centum gaudia.
7. [Ille loquitur]. Prope, prope accede; molliter me tange. Ne putes pilos corporis mei-paucos esse: tota sum villosa sicut Gandharium ovis.

Mandala 1, Hymn 127.

1. AGNI I hold as herald, the munificent, the gracious, Son of Strength, who knoweth all that live, as holy Singer, knowing all,
     Lord of fair rites, a God with form erected turning to the Gods,
     He, when the flame hath sprung forth from the holy oil, the offered fatness, longeth for it with his glow.
2. We, sacrificing, call on thee best worshipper, the eldest of Angirases, Singer, with hymns, thee, brilliant One! with singers’ hymns;
     Thee, wandering round as ‘t were the sky, who art the invoking Priest of men,
     Whom, Bull with hair of flame the people must observe, the people that he speed them on.
3. He with his shining glory blazing far and wide, he verily it is who slayeth demon foes, slayeth the demons like an axe:
     At whose close touch things solid shake, and what is stable yields like trees.
     Subduing all, he keeps his ground and flinches not, from the skilled archer flinches not.
4. To him, as one who knows, even things solid yield: unrough fire-sticks heated hot he gives his gifts to aid. Men offer Agni gifts for aid.
     He deeply piercing many a thing hews it like wood with fervent glow.
     Even hard and solid food he crunches with his might, yea, hard and solid food with might.
5. Here near we place the sacrificial food for him who shines forth fairer in the night than in the day, with life then stronger than by day.
     His life gives sure and firm defence as that one giveth to a son.
     The during fires enjoy things given and things not given, the during fires enjoy as food.
6. He, roaring very loudly like the Maruts’ host, in fertile cultivated fields adorable, in desert spots adorable,
     Accepts and eats our offered gifts, ensign of sacrifice by desert;
     So let all, joying, love his path when he is glad, as men pursue a path for bliss.
7. Even as they who sang forth hymns, addressed to heaven, the Bhrgus with their prayer and praise invited him, the Bhrgus rubbing, offering gifts.
     For radiant Agni, Lord of all these treasures, is exceeding strong.
     May he, the wise, accept the grateful coverings, the wise accept the coverings.
8. Thee we invoke, the Lord of all our settled homes, common to all, the household’s guardian, to enjoy, bearer of true hymns, to enjoy.
     Thee we invoke, the guest of men, by whose mouth, even as a sire’s,
     All these Immortals come to gain their food of life, oblations come to Gods as food.
9. Thou, Agni, most victorious with thy conquering strength, most Mighty One, art born for service of the Gods, like wealth for service of the Gods.
     Most mighty is thine ecstasy, most splendid is thy mental power.
     Therefore men wait upon thee, undecaying One, like vassals, undecaying One.
10. To him the mighty, conquering with victorious strength, to Agni walking with the dawn, who sendeth kine, be sung your laud, to Agni sung;
     As he who with oblation comes calls him aloud in every place.
     Before the brands of fire he shouteth singerlike, the herald, kindler of the brands.
11. Agni, beheld by us in nearest neighbourhood, accordant with the Gods, bring us, with gracious love, great riches with thy gracious love.
     Give us O Mightiest, what is great, to see and to enjoy the earth.
     As one of awful power, stir up heroic might for those who praise thee, Bounteous Lord!

Mandala 1, Hymn 128.

1. By Manu’s law was born this Agni, Priest most skilled, born for the holy work of those who yearn therefore, yea, born for his own holy work.
     All ear to him who seeks his love and wealth to him who strives for fame,
     Priest ne’er deceived, he sits in Ila’s holy place, girt round in Ila’s holy place.
2. We call that perfecter of worship by the path or sacrifice; with reverence rich in offerings, with worship rich in offerings.
     Through presentation of our food he grows not old in this his from;
     The God whom Matarisvan brought from far away, for Manu brought from far away.
3. In ordered course forthwith he traverses the earth, swift-swallowing, bellowing Steer, bearing the genial seed, bearing the seed and bellowing.
     Observant with a hundred eyes the God is conqueror in the wood:
     Agni, who hath his seat in broad plains here below, and in the high lands far away.
4. That Agni, wise High-Priest, in every house takes thought for sacrifice and holy service, yea, takes thought, with mental power, for sacrifice.
     Disposer, he with mental power shows all things unto him who strives;
     Whence he was born a guest enriched with holy oil, born as Ordainer and as Priest.
5. When through his power and in his strong prevailing flames the Maruts’ gladdening boons mingle with Agni’s roar, boons gladdening for the active One,
     Then he accelerates the gift, and by the greatness of his wealth,
     Shall rescue us from overwhelming misery, from curse and overwhelming woe.
6. Vast, universal, good he was made messenger; the speeder with his right hand hath not loosed his hold, through love of fame not loosed his hold.
     He bears oblations to the Gods for whosoever supplicates.
     Agni bestows a blessing on each pious man, and opens wide the doors for him.
7. That Agni hath been set most kind in camp of men, in sacrifice like a Lord victorious, like a dear Lord in sacred rites.
     His are the oblations of mankind when offered up at Ila’s place.
     He shall preserve us from Varuna’s chastisement, yea, from the great God’s chastisement.
8. Agni the Priest they supplicate to grant them wealth: him, dear, most thoughtful, have they made their messenger, him, offering-bearer have they made,
     Beloved of all, who knoweth all, the Priest, the Holy one, the Sage–
     Him, Friend, for help, the Gods when they are fain for wealth, him, Friend, with hymns, when fain for wealth.

Mandala 1, Hymn 129.

1. THE car which Indra, thou, for service of the Gods though it be far away, O swift One, bringest near, which, Blameless One, thou bringest near,
     Place swiftly nigh us for our help: be it thy will that it be strong.
     Blameless and active, hear this speech of orderers, this speech of us like orderers.
2. Hear, Indra, thou whom men in every fight must call to show thy strength, for cry of battle with the men, with men of war for victory.
     He who with heroes wins the light, who with the singers gains the prize,
     Him the rich seek to gain even as a swift strong steed, even as a courser fleet and strong.
3. Thou, Mighty, pourest forth the hide that holds the rain, thou keepest far away, Hero, the wicked man, thou shuttest out the wicked man.
     Indra, to thee I sing, to Dyaus, to Rudra glorious in himself,
     To Mitra, Varuna I sing a far-famed hymn to the kind God a far-famed hymn.
4. We wish our Indra here that he may further you, the Friend, beloved of all, the very strong ally, in wars the very strong ally
     In all encounters strengthen thou our prayer to be a help to us.
     No enemy–whom thou smitest down–subdueth thee, no enemy, whom thou smitest down.
5. Bow down the overweening pride of every foe with succour like to kindling-wood in fiercest flame, with mighty succour, Mighty One.
     Guide us, thou Hero, as of old, so art thou counted blameless still.
     Thou drivest, as a Priest, all sins of man away, as Priest, in person, seeking us.
6. This may I utter to the present Soma-drop, which, meet to be invoked, with power, awakes the prayer, awakes the demon-slaying prayer.
     May he himself with darts of death drive far from us the scorner’s hate.
     Far let him flee away who speaketh wickedness and vanish like a mote of dust.
7. By thoughtful invocation this may we obtain, obtain great wealth, O Wealthy One, with Hero sons, wealth that is sweet with hero sons.
     Him who is wroth we pacify with sacred food and eulogies,
     Indra the Holy with our calls inspired and true, the Holy One with calls inspired.
8. On, for your good and ours, come Indra with the aid of his own lordliness to drive the wicked hence, to rend the evil-hearted ones!
     The weapon which devouring fiends cast at us shall destroy themselves.
     Struck down, it shall not reach the mark; hurled forth, the fire-brand shall not strike.
9. With riches in abundance, Indra, come to us, come by an unobstructed path, come by a path from demons free.
     Be with us when we stray afar, be with us when our home is nigh.
     Protect us with thy help both near and far away: protect us ever with thy help.
10. Thou art our own, O Indra, with victorious wealth: let might accompany thee, the Strong, to give us aid, like Mitra, to give mighty aid.
     O strongest saviour, helper thou, Immortal! of each warrior’s car.
     Hurt thou another and not us, O Thunder-armed, one who would hurt, O Thunder-armed!
11. Save us from injury, thou who art well extolled: ever the warder-off art thou of wicked ones, even as a God, of wicked ones;
     Thou slayer of the evil fiend, saviour of singer such as I.
     Good Lord, the Father made thee slayer of the fiends, made thee, good Lord, to slay the fiends.

Mandala 1, Hymn 130.

1. Come to us, Indra, from afar, conducting us even as a lord of heroes to the gatherings, home, like a King, his heroes’ lord.
     We come with gifts of pleasant food, with juice poured forth, invoking thee,
     As sons invite a sire, that thou mayst get thee strength thee, bounteousest, to get thee strength.
2. O Indra, drink the Soma juice pressed out with stones. poured from the reservoir, as an ox drinks the spring, a very thirsty bull the spring.
     For the sweet draught that gladdens thee, for mightiest freshening of thy strength.
     Let thy Bay Horses bring thee hither as the Sun, as every day they bring the Sun.
3. He found the treasure brought from heaven that lay concealed, close-hidden, like the nestling of a bird, in rock, enclosed in never-ending rock.
     Best Angiras, bolt-armed, he strove to win, as ‘twere, the stall of kine;
     So Indra hath disclosed the food concealed, disclosed the doors, the food that lay concealed.
4. Grasping his thunderbolt with both hands, Indra made its edge most keen, for hurling, like a carving-knife for Ahi’s slaughter made it keen.
     Endued with majesty and strength, O Indra, and with lordly might,
     Thou crashest down the trees, as when a craftsman fells, crashest them down as with an axe.
5. Thou, Indra, without effort hast let loose the floods to run their free course down,
     like chariots, to the sea, like chariots showing forth their strength.
     They, reaching hence away, have joined their strength for one eternal end,
     Even as the cows who poured forth every thing for man, Yea, poured forth all things for mankind.
6. Eager for riches, men have formed for thee this song, like as a skilful craftsman fashioneth a car, so have they wrought thee to their bliss;
     Adorning thee, O Singer, like a generous steed for deeds of might,
     Yea, like a steed to show his strength and win the prize, that he may bear each prize away.
7. For Puru thou hast shattered, Indra ninety forts, for Divodasa thy boon servant with thy bolt, O Dancer, for thy worshipper.
     For Atithigva he, the Strong, brought Sambara. from the mountain down,
     Distributing the mighty treasures with his strength, parting all treasures with his strength.
8. Indra in battles help his Aryan worshipper, he who hath hundred helps at hand in every fray, in frays that win the light of heaven.
     Plaguing the lawless he gave up to Manu’s seed the dusky skin;
     Blazing, ‘twere, he burns each covetous man away, he burns, the tyrannous away.
9. Waxed strong in might at dawn he tore the Sun’s wheel off. Bright red, he steals away their speech, the Lord of Power, their speech he steals away from them,
     As thou with eager speed, O Sage, hast come from far away to help,
     As winning for thine own all happiness of men, winning all happiness each day.
10. Lauded with our new hymns, O vigorous in deed, save us with strengthening help, thou Shatterer of the Forts!
     Thou, Indra, praised by Divodasa’s clansmen, as heaven grows great with days, shalt wax in glory.

Mandala 1, Hymn 131.

1. To Indra Dyaus the Asura hath bowed him down, to Indra mighty Earth with wide-extending tracts, to win the light, with wide-spread tracts.
     All Gods of one accord have set Indra in front preeminent.
     For Indra all libations must be set apart, all man’s libations set apart.
2. In all libations men with hero spirit urge the Universal One, each seeking several light, each fain to win the light apart.
     Thee, furthering like a ship, will we set to the chariot-pole of strength,
     As men who win with sacrifices Indra’s thought, men who win Indra with their lauds.
3. Couples desirous of thine aid are storming thee, pouring their presents forth to win a stall of kine, pouring gifts, Indra, seeking thee.
     When two men seeking spoil or heaven thou bringest face to face in war,
     Thou showest, Indra, then the bolt thy constant friend, the Bull that ever waits on thee.
4. This thine heroic power men of old time have known, wherewith thou breakest down, Indra, autumnal forts, breakest them down with conquering might.
     Thou hast chastised, O Indra, Lord of Strength, the man who worships not,
     And made thine own this great earth and these water-floods; with joyous heart these <A HREF="errata.htm#1">water-floods</A>.
5. And they have bruited far this hero-might when thou, O Strong One, in thy joy helpest thy suppliants, who sought to win thee for their Friend.
     Their battle-cry thou madest sound victorious in the shocks of war.
     One stream after another have they gained from thee, eager for glory have they gained.
6. Also this morn may he be well inclined to us, mark at our call our offerings and our song of praise, our call that we may win the light.
     As thou, O Indra Thunder-armed, wilt, as the Strong One, slay the foe,
     Listen thou to the prayer of me a later sage, hear thou a later sage’s prayer.
7. O Indra, waxen strong and well-inclined to us, thou very mighty, slay the man that is our foe, slay the man, Hero! with thy bolt.
     Slay thou the man who injures us: hear thou, as readiest, to hear.
     Far be malignity, like mischief on the march, afar be all malignity.

Mandala 1, Hymn 132.

1. HELPED, Indra Maghavan, by thee in war of old, may we subdue in fight the men who strive with us, conquer the men who war with us.
     This day that now is close at hand bless him who pours the Soma juice.
     In this our sacrifice may we divide the spoil, showing our strength, the spoil of war.
2. In war which wins the light, at the free-giver’s call, at due oblation of the early-rising one, oblation of the active one,
     Indra slew, even as we know–whom each bowed head must reverence.
     May all thy bounteous gifts be gathered up for us, yea, the good gifts of thee the Good.
3. This food glows for thee as of old at sacrifice, wherein they made thee chooser of the place, for thou choosest the place of sacrifice.
     Speak thou and make it known to us: they see within with beams of light.
     Indra, indeed, is found a seeker after spoil, spoil-seeker for his own allies.
4. So now must thy great deed be lauded as of old, when for the Angirases thou openedst the stall, openedst, giving aid, the stall.
     In the same manner for us here fight thou and be victorious:
     To him who pours the juice give up the lawless man, the lawless who is wroth with us.
5. When with wise plan the Hero leads the people forth, they conquer in the ordered battle, seeking fame, press, eager, onward seeking fame.
     To him in time of need they sing for life with offspring and with strength.
     Their hymns with Indra find a welcome place of rest: the hymns go forward to the Gods.
6. Indra and Parvata, our champions in the fight, drive ye away each man who fain would war with us, drive him far from us with the bolt.
     Welcome to him concealed afar shall he the lair that he hath found.
     So may the Render rend our foes on every side, rend them, O Hero, everywhere.

Mandala 1, Hymn 133.

1. WITH sacrifice I purge both earth and heaven: I burn up great she-fiends who serve not Indra,
     Where throttled by thy hand the foes were slaughtered, and in the pit of death lay pierced and mangled.
2. O thou who castest forth the stones crushing the sorceresses’ heads,
     Break them with thy wide-spreading foot, with thy wide-spreading mighty foot.
3. Do thou, O Maghavan, beat off these sorceresses’ daring strength.
     Cast them within the narrow pit. within the deep and narrow pit.
4. Of whom thou hast ere now destroyed thrice-fifty with thy fierce attacks.
     That deed they count a glorious deed, though small to thee, a glorious deed.
5. O Indra, crush and bray to bits the fearful fiery-weaponed fiend:
     Strike every demon to the ground.
6. Tear down the mighty ones. O Indra, hear thou us. For heaven hath glowed like earth in fear, O Thunder-armed, as dreading fierce heat, Thunder-armed!
     Most Mighty mid the Mighty Ones thou speedest with strong bolts of death,
     Not slaying men, unconquered Hero with the brave, O Hero, with the thrice-seven brave.
7. The pourer of libations gains the home of wealth, pouring his gift conciliates hostilities, yea, the hostilities of Gods.
     Pouring, he strives, unchecked and strong, to win him riches thousandfold.
     Indra gives lasting wealth to him who pours forth gifts, yea, wealth he gives that long shall last.

Mandala 1, Hymn 134.

1. Vayu, let fleet-foot coursers bring thee speedily to this our feast, to drink first of the juice we pour, to the first draught of Soma juice.
     May our glad hymn, discerning well, uplifted, gratify thy mind.
     Come with thy team-drawn car, O Vayu, to the gift, come to the sacrificer’s gift.
2. May the joy-giving drops, O Vayu gladden thee, effectual, well prepared, directed to the heavens, strong, blent with milk and seeking heaven;
     That aids, effectual to fulfil, may wait upon our skilful power.
     Associate teams come hitherward to grant our prayers: they shall address the hymns we sing.
3. Two red steeds Vayu yokes, Vayu two purple steeds, swift-footed, to the chariot, to the pole to draw, most able, at the pole, to draw.
     Wake up intelligence, as when a lover wakes his sleeping love.
     Illumine heaven and earth, make thou the Dawns to shine, for glory make the Dawns to shine.
4. For thee the radiant Dawns in the far-distant sky broaden their lovely garments forth in wondrous beams, bright-coloured in their new-born beams.
     For thee the nectar-yielding Cow pours all rich treasures forth as milk.
     The Marut host hast thou engendered from the womb, the Maruts from the womb of heaven.
5. For thee the pure bright quickly-flowing Soma-drops, strong in their heightening power, hasten to mix themselves, hasten to the water to be mixed.
     To thee the weary coward prays for luck that he may speed away.
     Thou by thy law protectest us from every world, yea, from the world of highest Gods.
6. Thou, Vayu, who hast none before thee, first of all hast right to drink these offerings of Soma juice, hast right to drink the juice out-poured,
     Yea, poured by all invoking tribes who free themselves from taint of sin,
     For thee all cows are milked to yield the Soma-milk, to yield the butter and the milk.

Mandala 1, Hymn 135.

1. STREWN is the sacred grass; come Vayu, to our feast, with team of thousands, come, Lord of the harnessed team, with hundreds, Lord of harnessed steeds!
     The drops divine are lifted up for thee, the God, to drink them first.
     The juices rich in sweets have raised them for thy joy, have raised themselves to give thee strength.
2. Purified by the stones the Soma flows for thee, clothed with its lovely splendours, to the reservoir, flows clad in its refulgent light.
     For thee the Soma is poured forth, thy portioned share mid Gods and men.
     Drive thou thy horses, Vayu, come to us with love, come well-inclined and loving us.
3. Come thou with hundreds, come with thousands in thy team to this our solemn rite, to taste the sacred food, Vayu, to taste the offerings.
     This is thy seasonable share, that comes co-radiant with the Sun.
     Brought by attendant priests pure juice is offered up, Vayu, pure juice is offered up.
4. The chariot with its team of horses bring you both, to guard us and to taste the well-appointed food, Vayu, to taste the offerings!
     Drink of the pleasant-flavoured juice: the first draught is assigned to you.
     O Vayu, with your splendid bounty come ye both, Indra, with bounty come ye both.
5. May our songs bring you hither to our solemn rites: these drops of mighty vigour have they beautified, like a swift steed of mighty strength.
     Drink of them well-inclined to us, come hitherward to be our help.
     Drink, Indra-Vayu, of these Juices pressed with stones, Strength-givers! till they gladden you.
6. These Soma juices pressed for you in waters here, borne by attendant priests, are offered up to you: bright, Vayu, are they offered up.
     Swift through the strainer have they flowed, and here are shed for both of you,
     Soma-drops, fain for you, over the wether’s fleece, Somas over the wether’s fleece.
7. O Vayu, pass thou over all the slumberers, and where the press-stone rings enter ye both that house, yea, Indra, go ye both within.
     The joyous Maiden is beheld, the butter flows. With richly laden team come to our solemn rite, yea, Indra, come ye to the rite.
8. Ride hither to the offering of the pleasant juice, the holy Fig-tree which victorious priests surround: victorious be they still for us.
     At once the cows yield milk, the barley-meal is dressed. For thee,
     O Vayu, never shall the cows grow thin, never for thee shall they be dry.
9. These Bulls of thine, O Vayu with the arm of strength, who swiftly fly within the current of thy stream, the Bulls increasing in their might,
     Horseless, yet even through the waste swift-moving, whom no shout can stay,
     Hard to be checked are they, like sunbeams, in their course. hard to be checked by both the hands.

Mandala 1, Hymn 136.

1. BRING adoration ample and most excellent, hymn, offerings, to the watchful Twain, the bountiful, your sweetest to the bounteous Ones.
     Sovrans adored with streams of oil and praised at every sacrifice.
     Their high imperial might may nowhere be assailed, ne’er may their Godhead be assailed.
2. For the broad Sun was seen a path more widely laid, the path of holy law hath been maintained with rays, the eye with Bhaga’s rays of light.
     Firm-set in heaven is Mitra’s home, and Aryaman’s and Varuna’s.
     Thence they give forth great vital strength which merits praise, high power of life that men shall praise.
3. With Aditi the luminous, the celestial, upholder of the people, come ye day by day, ye who watch sleepless, day by day.
     Resplendent might have ye obtained, Adityas, Lords of liberal gifts.
     Movers of men, mild both, are Mitra, Varuna, mover of men is Aryaman.
4. This Soma be most sweet to Mitra, Varuna: he in the drinking-feasts, shall have a share thereof, sharing, a God, among the Gods.
     May all the Gods of one accord accept it joyfully to-day.
     Therefore do ye, O Kings, accomplish what we ask, ye Righteous Ones, whate’er we ask.
5. Whoso, with worship serves Mitra and Varuna, him guard ye carefully, uninjured, from distress, guard from distress the liberal man.
     Aryaman guards him well who acts uprightly following his law,
     Who beautifies their service with his lauds, who makes it beautiful with songs of praise.
6. Worship will I profess to lofty Dyaus, to Heaven and Earth, to Mitra and to bounteous Varuna, the Bounteous, the Compassionate.
     Praise Indra, praise thou Agni, praise Bhaga and heavenly Aryaman.
     Long may we live and have attendant progeny, have progeny with Soma’s help.
7. With the Gods’ help, with Indra still beside us, may we be held self-splendid with the Maruts.
     May Agni, Mitra, Varuna give us shelter this may we gain, we and our wealthy princes.

Mandala 1, Hymn 137.

1. WITH stones have we pressed out: O come; these gladdening drops are blent with milk, these Soma-drops which gladden you.
     Come to us, Kings who reach to heaven, approach us, coming hitherward.
     These milky drops are yours, Mitra and Varuna, bright Soma juices blent with milk.
2. Here are the droppings; come ye nigh the Soma-droppings blent with curd, juices expressed and blent with curd.
     Now for the wakening of your Dawn together with the Sun-God’s rays,
     juice waits for Mitra and for Varuna to drink, fair juice for drink, for sacrifice.
3. As ‘twere a radiant-coloured cow, they milk with stones the stalk for you, with stones they milk the Soma-plant.
     May ye come nigh us, may ye turn hither to drink the Soma juice.
     The men pressed out this juice, Mitra and Varuna, pressed out this Soma for your drink.

Mandala 1, Hymn 138.

1. STRONG Pusan’s majesty is lauded evermore, the glory of his lordly might is never faint, his song of praise is never faint.
     Seeking felicity I laud him nigh to help, the source, of bliss,
     Who, Vigorous one, hath drawn to him the hearts of all, drawn them, the Vigorous One, the God.
2. Thee, then, O Pusan, like a swift one on his way, I urge with lauds that thou mayst make the foemen flee, drive, camel-like, our foes afar.
     As I, a man, call thee, a God, giver of bliss, to be my Friend,
     So make our loudly-chanted praises glorious, in battles make them glorious.
3. Thou, Pusan, in whose friendship they who sing forth praise enjoy advantage, even in wisdom, through thy grace, in wisdom even they are advanced.
     So, after this most recent course, we come to thee with prayers for wealth.
     Not stirred to anger, O Wide-Ruler, come to us, come thou to us in every fight.
4. Not stirred to anger, come, Free-giver, nigh to us, to take this gift of ours, thou who hast goats for steeds, Goat-borne! their gift who long for fame.
     So, Wonder-Worker! may we turn thee hither with effectual lauds.
     I slight thee not, O Pusan, thou Resplendent One: thy friendship may not be despised.

Mandala 1, Hymn 139.

1. HEARD be our prayer! In thought I honour Agni first: now straightway we elect this heavenly company, Indra and Vayu we elect.
     For when our latest thought is raised and on Vivasvan centred well,
     Then may our holy songs go forward on their way, our songs as ‘twere unto the Gods.
2. As there ye, Mitra, Varuna, above the true have taken to yourselves the untrue with your mind, with wisdom’s mental energy,
     So in the seats where
in ye dwell have we beheld the Golden One,
     Not with our thoughts or spirit, but with these our eyes, yea, with the eyes that Soma gives.
3. Asvins, the pious call you with their hymns of praise, sounding their loud song forth to you, these living men, to their oblations, living men.
     All glories and all nourishment, Lords of all wealth! depend on you.
     The fellies of your golden chariot scatter drops, Mighty Ones! of your golden car.
4. Well is it known, O Mighty Ones: ye open heaven; for you the chariot-steeds are yoked for morning rites, unswerving steeds for morning rites,
     We set you on the chariot-seat, ye Mighty, on the golden car.
     Ye seek mid-air as by a path that leads aright, as by a path that leads direct.
5. O Rich in Strength, through your great power vouchsafe us blessings day and night.
     The offerings which we bring to you shall never fail, gifts brought by us shall never fail.
6. These Soma-drops, strong Indra! drink for heroes, poured, pressed out by pressing-stones, are welling forth for thee, for thee the drops are welling forth.
     They shall make glad thy heart to give, to give wealth great and wonderful.
     Thou who acceptest praise come glorified by hymns, come thou to us benevolent.
7. Quickly, O Agni, hear us: magnified by us thou shalt speck for us to the Gods adorable yea, to the Kings adorable:
     When, O ye Deities, ye gave that Milch-cow to the Angirases,
     They milked her: Aryaman, joined with them, did the work: he knoweth her as well as I.
8. Ne’er may these manly deeds of yours for us grow old, never may your bright glories fall into decay, never before our time decay.
     What deed of yours, new every age, wondrous, surpassing man, rings forth,
     Whatever, Maruts! may be difficult to gain, grant us, whate’er is hard to gain.
9. Dadhyac of old, Angiras, Priyamedha these, and Kanva, Atri, Manu knew my birth, yea, those of ancient days and Manu knew.
     Their long line stretcheth to the Gods, our birth-connexions are with them.
     To these, for their high station, I bow down with song, to Indra, Agni, bow with song.
10. Let the Invoker bless: let offerers bring choice gifts; Brhaspati the Friend doth sacrifice with Steers, Steers that have many an excellence.
     Now with our ears we catch the sound of the press-stone that rings afar.
     The very Strong hath gained the waters by himself, the strong gained many a resting-place.
11. O ye Eleven Gods whose home is heaven, O ye Eleven who make earth your dwelling,
     Ye who with might, Eleven, live in waters, accept this sacrifice, O Gods, with pleasure.

Mandala 1, Hymn 140.

1. To splendid Agni seated by the altar, loving well his home, I bring the food as ‘twere his place of birth.
     I clothe the bright One with my hymn as with a robe, him with the car of light, bright-hued, dispelling gloom.
2. Child of a double birth he grasps at triple food; in the year’s course what he hath swallowed grows anew.
     He, by another’s mouth and tongue a noble Bull, with other, as an elephant, consumes the trees.
3. The pair who dwell together, moving in the dark bestir themselves: both parents hasten to the babe,
     Impetuous-tongued, destroying, springing swiftly forth, one to be watched and cherished, strengthener of his sire.
4. For man, thou Friend of men, these steeds of thine are yoked, impatient, lightly running, ploughing blackened lines,
     Discordant-minded, fleet, gliding with easy speed, urged onward by the wind and rapid in their course.
5. Dispelling on their way the horror of black gloom, making a glorious show these flames of his fly forth,
     When o’er the spacious tract he spreads himself abroad, and rushes panting on with thunder and with roar.
6. Amid brown plants he stoops as if adorning them, and rushes bellowing like a bull upon his wives.
     Proving his might, he decks the glory of his form, and shakes his horns like one terrific, hard to stay.
7. Now covered, now displayed he grasps as one who knows his resting-place in those who know him well.
     A second time they wax and gather Godlike power, and blending both together change their Parents’ form.
8. The maidens with long, tresses hold him in embrace; dead, they rise up again to meet the Living One.
     Releasing them from age with a loud roar he comes, filling them with new spirit, living, unsubdued.
9. Licking the mantle of the Mother, far and wide he wanders over fields with beasts that flee apace.
     Strengthening all that walk, licking up all around, a blackened path, forsooth, he leaves where’er he goes.
10. O Agni, shine resplendent with our wealthy chiefs, like a loud-snorting bull, accustomed to the house.
     Thou casting off thine infant wrappings blazest forth as though thou hadst put on a coat of mail for war.
11. May this our perfect prayer be dearer unto thee than an imperfect prayer although it please thee well.
     With the pure brilliancy that radiates from thy form, mayest thou grant to us abundant store of wealth.
12. Grant to our chariot, to our house, O Agni, a boat with moving feet and constant oarage,
     One that may further well our wealthy princes and all the folk, and be our certain refuge.
13. Welcome our laud with thine approval, Agni. May earth and heaven and freely flowing rivers
     Yield us long life and food and corn and cattle, and may the red Dawns choose for us their choicest.

Mandala 1, Hymn 141.

1. YEA, verily, the fair effulgence of the God for glory was established, since he sprang from strength.
     When he inclines thereto successful is the hymn: the songs of sacrifice have brought him as they flow
2. Wonderful, rich in nourishment, he dwells in food; next, in the seven auspicious Mothers is his home.
     Thirdly, that they might drain the treasures of the Bull, the maidens brought forth him for whom the ten provide.
3. What time from out the deep, from the Steer’s wondrous form, the Chiefs who had the power produced him with their strength;
     When Matarisvan rubbed forth him who lay concealed, for mixture of the sweet drink, in the days of old.
4. When from the Highest Father he is brought to us, amid the plants he rises hungry, wondrously.
     As both together join to expedite his birth, most youthful he is born resplendent in his light.
5. Then also entered he the Mothers, and in them pure and uninjured he increased in magnitude.
     As to the first he rose, the vigorous from of old, so now he runs among the younger lowest ones.
6. Therefore they choose him Herald at the morning rites, pressing to him as unto Bhaga, pouring gifts,
     When, much-praised, by the power and will of Gods, he goes at all times to his mortal worshipper to drink.
7. What time the Holy One, wind-urged, hath risen up, serpent-like winding through the dry grass unrestrained,
     Dust lies upon the way of him who burneth all, black-winged and pure of birth who follows sundry paths.
8. Like a swift chariot made by men who know their art, he with his red limbs lifts himself aloft to heaven.
     Thy worshippers become by burning black of hue: their strength flies as before a hero’s violence.
9. By thee, O Agni, Varuna who guards the Law, Mitra and Aryaman, the Bounteous, are made strong;
     For, as the felly holds the spokes, thou with thy might pervading hast been born encompassing them round.
10. Agni, to him who toils and pours libations, thou, Most Youthful! sendest wealth and all the host of Gods.
     Thee, therefore, even as Bhaga, will we set anew, young Child of Strength, most wealthy! in our battle-song.
11. Vouchsafe us riches turned to worthy ends, good luck abiding in the house, and strong capacity,
     Wealth that directs both worlds as they were guiding-reins, and, very Wise, the Gods’ assent in sacrifice.
12. May he, the Priest resplendent, joyful, hear us, he with the radiant car and rapid horses.
     May Agni, ever wise, with best directions to bliss and highest happiness conduct us.
13. With hymns of might hath Agni now been lauded, advanced to height of universal kingship.
     Now may these wealthy chiefs and we together spread forth as spreads the Sun above the rain-clouds.

Mandala 1, Hymn 142.

1. KINDLED, bring, Agni, Gods to-day for him who lifts the ladle up.
     Spin out the ancient thread for him who sheds, with gifts, the Soma juice.
2. Thou dealest forth, Tanunapat, sweet sacrifice enriched with oil,
     Brought by a singer such as I who offers gifts and toils for thee.
3. He wondrous, sanctifying, bright, sprinkles the sacrifice with mead,
     Thrice, Narasamsa from the heavens, a God mid Gods adorable.
4. Agni, besought, bring hitherward Indra the Friend, the Wonderful,
     For this my hymn of praise, O sweet of tongue, is chanted forth to thee.
5. The ladle-holders strew trimmed grass at this well-ordered sacrifice;
     A home for Indra is adorned, wide, fittest to receive the Gods.
6. Thrown open be the Doors Divine, unfailing, that assist the rite,
     High, purifying, much-desired, so that the Gods may enter in.
7. May Night and Morning, hymned with lauds, united, fair to look upon,
     Strong Mothers of the sacrifice, seat them together on the grass.
8. May the two Priests Divine, the sage, the sweet-voiced lovers of the hymn,
     Complete this sacrifice of ours, effectual, reaching heaven to-day.
9. Let Hotra pure, set among Gods, amid the Maruts Bharati, Ila, Sarasvati, Mahi, rest on the grass, adorable.
10. May Tvastar send us genial dew abundant, wondrous, rich in gifts,
     For increase and for growth of wealth, Tvastar our kinsman and our Friend.
11. Vanaspati, give forth, thyself, and call the Gods to sacrifice.
     May Agni, God intelligent, speed our oblation to the Gods.
12. To Vayu joined with Pusan, with the Maruts, and the host of Gods,
     To Indra who inspires the hymn cry Glory! and present the gift.
13. Come hither to enjoy the gifts prepared with cry of Glory! Come,
     O Indra, hear their calling; they invite thee to the sacrifice.

Mandala 1, Hymn 143.

1. To Agni I present a newer mightier hymn, I bring my words and song unto the Son of Strength,
     Who, Offspring of the Waters, bearing precious things sits on the earth, in season, dear Invoking Priest.
2. Soon as he sprang to birth that Agni was shown forth to Matarisvan in the highest firmament.
     When he was kindled, through his power and majesty his fiery splendour made the heavens and earth to shine.
3. His flames that wax not old, beams fair to look upon of him whose face is lovely, shine with beauteous sheen.
     The rays of Agni, him whose active force is light, through the nights glimmer sleepless, ageless, like the floods.
4. Send thou with hymns that Agni to his own abode, who rules, one Sovran Lord of wealth, like Varuna,
     Him, All-possessor, whom the Bhrgus with their might brought to earth’s central point, the centre of the world.
5. He whom no force can stay, even as the Maruts’ roar, like to a dart sent forth, even as the bolt from heaven,
     Agni with sharpened jaws chews up and eats the trees, and conquers them as when the warrior smites his foes.
6. And will not Agni find enjoyment in our praise, will not the Vasu grant our wish with gifts of wealth?
     Will not the Inspirer speed our prayers to gain their end? Him with the radiant glance I laud with this my song.
7. The kindler of the flame wins Agni as a Friend, promoter of the Law, whose face is bright with oil.
     Inflamed and keen, refulgent in our gatherings, he lifts our hymn on high clad in his radiant hues.
8. Keep us incessantly with guards that cease not, Agni, with guards auspicious, very mighty.
     With guards that never slumber, never heedless, never beguiled. O Helper, keep our children.

Mandala 1, Hymn 144.

1. THE Priest goes forth to sacrifice, with wondrous power sending aloft the hymn of glorious brilliancy.
     He moves to meet the ladles turning to the right, which are the first to kiss the place where he abides.
2. To him sang forth the flowing streams of Holy Law, encompassed in the home and birth-place of the God.
     He, when he dwelt extended in the waters’ lap, absorbed those Godlike powers for which he is adored.
3. Seeking in course altern to reach the selfsame end the two copartners strive to win this beauteous form.
     Like Bhaga must he be duly invoked by us, as he who drives the car holds fast the horse’s reins.
4. He whom the two copartners with observance tend, the pair who dwell together in the same abode,
     By night as in the day the grey one was born young, passing untouched by eld through many an age of man.
5. Him the ten fingers, the devotions, animate: we mortals call on him a God to give us help.
     He speeds over the sloping surface of the land: new deeds hath he performed with those who gird him round.
6. For, Agni, like a herdsman, thou by thine own might rulest o’er all that is in heaven and on the earth;
     And these two Mighty Ones, bright, golden closely joined, rolling them round are come unto thy sacred grass.
7. Agni, accept with joy, be glad in this our prayer, joy-giver, self-sustained, strong, born of Holy Law!
     For fair to see art thou turning to every side, pleasant to look on as a dwelling filled with food.

Mandala 1, Hymn 145.

1. Ask ye of him for he is come, he knoweth it; he, full of wisdom, is implored, is now implored.
     With him are admonitions and with him commands: he is the Lord of Strength, the Lord of Power and Might.
2. They ask of him: not all learn by their questioning what he, the Sage, hath grasped, as ‘twere, with his own mind.
     Forgetting not the former nor the later word, he goeth on, not careless, in his mental power.
3. To him these ladles go, to him these racing mares: he only will give ear to all the words I speak.
     All-speeding, victor, perfecter of sacrifice, the Babe with flawless help hath mustered vigorous might.
4. Whate’er he meets he grasps and then runs farther on, and straightway, newly born, creeps forward with his kin.
     He stirs the wearied man to pleasure and great joy what time the longing gifts approach him as he comes.
5. He is a wild thing of the flood and forest: he hath been laid upon the highest surface.
     He hath declared the lore of works to mortals, Agni the Wise, for he knows Law, the Truthful.

Mandala 1, Hymn 146.

1. I LAUD the seven-rayed, the triple-headed, Agni all-perfect in his Parents’ bosom,
     Sunk in the lap of all that moves and moves not, him who hath filled all luminous realms of heaven.
2. As a great Steer he grew to these his Parents; sublime he stands, untouched by eld, far-reaching.
     He plants his footsteps on the lofty ridges of the broad earth: his red flames lick the udder.
3. Coming together to their common youngling both Cows, fairshaped, spread forth in all directions,
     Measuring out the paths that must be travelled, entrusting all desires to him the Mighty.
4. The prudent sages lead him to his dwelling, guarding with varied skill the Ever-Youthful.
     Longing, they turned their eyes unto the River: to these the Sun of men was manifested.
5. Born noble in the regions, aim of all mens’ eyes to be implored for life by great and small alike,
     Far as the Wealthy One hath spread himself abroad, he is the Sire all-visible of this progeny.

Mandala 1, Hymn 147.

1. How, Agni, have the radiant ones, aspiring, endued thee with the vigour of the living,
     So that on both sides fostering seed and offspring, the Gods may joy in Holy Law’s fulfilment?
2. Mark this my speech, Divine One, thou, Most Youthful! offered to thee by him who gives most freely.
     One hates thee, and another sings thy praises: I thine adorer laud thy form, O Agni.
3. Thy guardian rays, O Agni, when they saw him, preserved blind Mamateya from affliction.
     Lord of all riches, he preserved the pious the foes who fain would harm them did no mischief.
4. The sinful man who worships not, O Agni, who, offering not, harms us with double-dealing,–
     Be this in turn to him a heavy sentence may he distress himself by his revilings.
5. Yea, when a mortal knowingly, O Victor, injures with double tongue a fellow-mortal,
     From him, praised Agni! save thou him that lauds thee: bring us not into trouble and affliction.

Mandala 1, Hymn 148.

1. WHAT Matarisvan, piercing, formed by friction, Herald of all the Gods. in varied figure,
     Is he whom they have set mid human houses, gay-hued as light and shining forth for beauty.
2. They shall not harm the man who brings thee praises: such as I am, Agni my help approves me.
     All acts of mine shall they accept with pleasure, laudation from the singer who presents it.
3. Him in his constant seat men skilled in worship have taken and with praises have established.
     As, harnessed to a chariot fleet-foot horses, at his command let bearers lead him forward.
4. Wondrous, full many a thing he chews and crunches: he shines amid the wood with spreading brightness.
     Upon his glowing flames the wind blows daily, driving them like the keen shaft of an archer.
5. Him, whom while yet in embryo the hostile, both skilled and fain to harm, may never injure,
     Men blind and sightless through his splendour hurt not: his never-failing lovers have preserved him.

Mandala 1, Hymn 149.

1. HITHER he hastens to give, Lord of great riches, King of the mighty, to the place of treasure.
     The pressing-stones shall serve him speeding near us.
2. As Steer of men so Steer of earth and heaven by glory, he whose streams all life hath drunken,
     Who hasting forward rests upon the altar.
3. He who hath lighted up the joyous castle, wise Courser like the Steed of cloudy heaven,
     Bright like the Sun, with hundredfold existence.
4. He, doubly born, hath spread in his effulgence through the three luminous realms, through all the regions,
     Best sacrificing Priest where waters gather.
5. Priest doubly born, he through his love of glory hath in his keeping all things worth the choosing,
     The man who brings him gifts hath noble offspring.

Mandala 1, Hymn 150.

1. AGNI, thy faithful servant I call upon thee with many a gift,
     As in the keeping of the great inciting God;
2. Thou who ne’er movest thee to aid the indolent, the godless man,
     Him who though wealthy never brings an offering.
3. Splendid, O Singer, is that man, mightiest of the great in heaven.
     Agni, may we be foremost, we thy worshippers.

Mandala 1, Hymn 151.

1. HEAVEN and earth trembled at the might and voice of him, whom, loved and Holy One, helper of all mankind,
     The wise who longed for spoil in fight for kine brought forth with power, a Friend, mid waters, at the sacrifice.
2. As these, like friends, have done this work for you, these prompt servants of Purumilha Soma-offerer,
     Give mental power to him who sings the sacred song, and hearken, Strong Ones, to the master of the house.
3. The folk have glorified your birth from Earth and Heaven, to be extolled, ye Strong Ones, for your mighty power.
     Ye, when ye bring to singer and the rite, enjoy the sacrifice performed with holy praise and strength.
4. The people prospers, Asuras! whom ye dearly love: ye, Righteous Ones, proclaim aloud the Holy Law.
     That efficacious power that comes from lofty heaven, ye bind unto the work, as to the pole an ox.
5. On this great earth ye send your treasure down with might: unstained by dust, the crowding kine are in the stalls.
     Here in the neighbourhood they cry unto the Sun at morning and at evening, like swift birds of prey.
6. The flames with curling tresses serve your sacrifice, whereto ye sing the song, Mitra and Varuna.
     Send down of your free will, prosper our holy songs: ye are sole Masters of the singer’s hymn of praise.
7. Whoso with sacrifices toiling brings you gifts, and worships, sage and priest, fulfilling your desire,–
     To him do ye draw nigh and taste his sacrifice. Come well-inclined to us unto our songs and prayer.
8. With sacrifices and with milk they deck you first, ye Righteous Ones, as if through stirrings of the mind.
     To you they bring their hymns with their collected thought, while ye with earnest soul come to us gloriously.
9. Rich strength of life is yours: ye, Heroes, have obtained through your surpassing powers rich far-extending might.
     Not the past days conjoined with nights, not rivers, not the Panis have attained your Godhead and your wealth.

Mandala 1, Hymn 152.

1. THE robes which ye put on abound with fatness: uninterrupted courses are your counsels.
     All falsehood, Mitra-Varuna! ye conquer, and closely cleave unto the Law Eternal.
2. This might of theirs hath no one comprehended. True is the crushing word the sage hath uttered,
     The fearful four-edged bolt smites down the three-edged, and those who hate the Gods first fall and perish.
3. The Footless Maid precedeth footed creatures. Who marketh, Mitra-Varuna, this your doing?
     The Babe Unborn supporteth this world’s burthen, fulfilleth Law and overcometh falsehood.
4. We look on him the darling of the Maidens, always advancing, never falling downward,
     Wearing inseparable, wide-spread raiment, Mitra’s and Varuna’s delightful glory.
5. Unbridled Courser, born but not of horses, neighing he flieth on with back uplifted.
     The youthful love mystery thought-surpassing, praising in Mitra-Varuna, its glory.
6. May the milch-kine who favour Mamateya prosper in this world him who loves devotion.
     May he, well skilled in rites, be food, and calling Aditi with his lips give us assistance.
7. Gods, Mitra-Varuna, with love and worship, let me make you delight in this oblation.
     May our prayer be victorious in battles, may we have rain from heaven to make us prosper.

Mandala 1, Hymn 153.

1. WE worship with our reverence and oblations you, Mitra Varuna, accordant, mighty,
     So that with us, ye Twain whose backs are sprinkled with oil, the priests with oil and hymns support you.
2. Your praise is like a mighty power, an impulse: to you, Twain Gods, a well-formed hymn is offered,
     As the priest decks yon, Strong Ones, in assemblies, and the prince fain to worship you for blessings.
3. O Mitra-Varuna, Aditi the Milch-cow streams for the rite, for folk who bring oblation,
     When in the assembly he who worships moves you, like to a human priest, with gifts presented.
4. So may the kine and heavenly Waters pour you sweet drink in families that make you joyful.
     Of this may he, the ancient House-Lord, give us. Enjoy, drink of the milk the cow provideth.

Mandala 1, Hymn 154.

1. I WILL declare the mighty deeds of Visnu, of him who measured out the earthly regions,
     Who propped the highest place of congregation, thrice setting down his footstep, widely striding.
2. For this his mighty deed is Visnu lauded, like some wild beast, dread, prowling, mountain-roaming;
     He within whose three wide-extended paces all living creatures have their habitation.
3. Let the hymn lift itself as strength to Visnu, the Bull far-striding, dwelling on the mountains,
     Him who alone with triple step hath measured this common dwelling-place, long, far extended.
4. Him whose three places that are filled with sweetness, imperishable, joy as it may list them,
     Who verily alone upholds the threefold, the earth, the heaven, and all living creatures.
5. May I attain to that his well-loved mansion where men devoted to the Gods are happy.
     For there springs, close akin to the Wide-Strider, the well of meath in Visnu’s highest footstep.
6. Fain would we go unto your dwelling-places where there are many-horned and nimble oxen,
     For mightily, there, shineth down upon us the widely-striding Bull’s sublimest mansion.

Mandala 1, Hymn 155.

1. To the great Hero, him who sets his mind thereon, and Visnu, praise aloud in song your draught of juice,–
     Gods ne’er beguiled, who borne as ‘twere by noble steed, have stood upon the lofty ridges of the hills.
2. Your Soma-drinker keeps afar your furious rush, Indra and Visnu, when ye come with all your might.
     That which hath been directed well at mortal man, bow-armed Krsanu’s arrow, ye turn far aside.
3. These offerings increase his mighty manly strength: he brings both Parents down to share the genial flow.
     He lowers, though a son, the Father’s highest name; the third is that which is high in the light of heaven.
4. We laud this manly power of him the Mighty One, preserver, inoffensive, bounteous and benign;
     His who strode, widely pacing, with three steppings forth over the realms of earth for freedom and for life.
5. A mortal man, when he beholds two steps of him who looks upon the light, is restless with amaze.
     But his third step doth no one venture to approach, no, nor the feathered birds of air who fly with wings.
6. He, like a rounded wheel, hath in swift motion set his ninety racing steeds together with the four.
     Developed, vast in form, with those who sing forth praise, a youth, no more a child, he cometh to our call.

Mandala 1, Hymn 156.

1. FAR-SHINING, widely famed, going thy wonted way, fed with the oil, be helpful. Mitra-like, to us.
     So, Visnu, e’en the wise must swell thy song of praise, and he who hath oblations pay thee solemn rites.
2. He who brings gifts to him the Ancient and the Last, to Visnu who ordains, together with his Spouse,
     Who tells the lofty birth of him the Lofty One, shall verily surpass in glory e’en his peer.
3. Him have ye satisfied, singers, as well as ye know, primeval germ of Order even from his birth.
     Ye, knowing e’en his name, have told it forth: may we, Visnu, enjoy the grace of thee the Mighty One.
4. The Sovran Varuna and both the Asvins wait on this the will of him who guides the Marut host.
     Visnu hath power supreme and might that finds the day, and with his Friend unbars the stable of the kine.
5. Even he the Heavenly One who came for fellowship, Visnu to Indra, godly to the godlier,
     Who Maker, throned in three worlds, helps the Aryan man, and gives the worshipper his share of Holy Law.

Mandala 1, Hymn 157.

1. AGNI is wakened: Surya riseth from the earth. Mighty, refulgent Dawn hath shone with all her light.
     The Asvins have equipped their chariot for the course. God Savitar hath moved the folk in sundry ways.
2. When, Asvins, ye equip your very mighty car, bedew, ye Twain, our power with honey and with oil.
     To our devotion give victorious strength in war: may we win riches in the heroes’ strife for spoil.
3. Nigh to us come the Asvins’ lauded three-wheeled car, the car laden with meath and drawn by fleet-foot steeds,
     Three-seated, opulent, bestowing all delight. may it bring weal to us, to cattle and to men.
4. Bring hither nourishment for us, ye Asvins Twain; sprinkle us with your whip that drops with honey-dew.
     Prolong our days of life, wipe out our trespasses; destroy our foes, be our companions and our Friends.
5. Ye store the germ of life in female creatures, ye lay it up within all living beings.
     Ye have sent forth, O Asvins passing mighty, the fire, the sovrans of the wood, the waters,
6. Leeches are ye with medicines to heal us, and charioteers are ye with skill in driving.
     Ye Strong, give sway to him who brings oblation and with his heart pours out his gift before you.

Mandala 1, Hymn 158.

1. YE Vasus Twain, ye Rudras full of counsel, grant us, Strong Strengtheners, when ye stand beside us,
     What wealth Aucathya craves of you, great Helpers when ye come forward with no niggard succour.
2. Who may give you aught, Vasus, for your favour, for what, at the Cow’s place, ye grant through worship?
     Wake for us understanding full of riches, come with a heart that will fulfil our longing.
3. As erst for Tugra’s son your car, sea-crossing, strong, was equipped and set amid the waters,
     So may I gain your shelter and protection as with winged course a hero seeks his army.
4. May this my praise preserve Ucathya’s offspring: let not these Twain who fly with wings exhaust me.
     Let not the wood ten times up-piled consume me, when fixed for you it bites the ground it stands on.
5. The most maternal streams, wherein the Dasas cast me securely bound, have not devoured me.
     When Traitana would cleave my head asunder, the Dasa wounded his own breast and shoulders.
6. Dirghatamas the son of Mamata hath come to length of days in the tenth age of human kind.
     He is the Brahman of the waters as they strive to reach their end and aim: their charioteer is he.

Mandala 1, Hymn 159.

1. I PRAISE with sacrifices mighty Heaven and Earth at festivals, the wise, the Strengtheners of Law.
     Who, having Gods for progeny, conjoined with Gods, through wonder-working wisdom bring forth choicest boons.
2. With invocations, on the gracious Father’s mind, and on the Mother’s great inherent power I muse.
     Prolific Parents, they have made the world of life, and for their brood all round wide immortality.
3. These Sons of yours well skilled in work, of wondrous power, brought forth to life the two great Mothers first of all.
     To keep the truth of all that stands and all that moves, ye guard the station of your Son who knows no guile.
4. They with surpassing skill, most wise, have measured out the Twins united in their birth and in their home.
     They, the refulgent Sages, weave within the sky, yea, in the depths of sea, a web for ever new.
5. This is to-day the goodliest gift of Savitar: this thought we have when now the God is furthering us.
     On us with loving-kindness Heaven and Earth bestow riches and various wealth and treasure hundredfold!

Mandala 1, Hymn 160.

1. THESE, Heaven and Earth, bestow prosperity on all, sustainers of the region, Holy Ones and wise,
     Two Bowls of noble kind: between these Goddesses the God, the fulgent Sun, travels by fixed decree.
2. Widely-capacious Pair, mighty, that never fail, the Father and the Mother keep all creatures safe:
     The two world-halves, the spirited, the beautiful, because the Father hath clothed them in goodly forms.
3. Son of these Parents, he the Priest with power to cleanse, Sage, sanctifies the worlds with his surpassing power.
     Thereto for his bright milk he milked through all the days the party-coloured Cow and the prolific Bull.
4. Among the skilful Gods most skilled is he, who made the two world-halves which bring prosperity to all;
     Who with great wisdom measured both the regions out, and stablished them with pillars that shall ne’er decay.
5. Extolled in song, O Heaven and Earth, bestow on us, ye mighty Pair, great glory and high lordly sway,
     Whereby we may extend ourselves ever over the folk; and send us strength that shall deserve the praise of men.

Mandala 1, Hymn 161.

1. WHY hath the Best, why hath the Youngest come to us? Upon what embassy comes he? What have we said?
     We have not blamed the chalice of illustrious birth. We, Brother Agni, praised the goodness of the wood.
2. The chalice that is single make ye into four: thus have the Gods commanded; therefore am I come.
     If, O Sudhanvan’s Children, ye will do this thing ye shall participate in sacrifice with Gods.
3. What to the envoy Agni in reply ye spake, A courser must be made, a chariot fashioned here,
     A cow must be created, and the Twain made young. When we have done these things, Brother, we turn to you.
4. When thus, O Rbhus, ye had done ye questioned thus, Whither went he who came to us a messenger?
     Then Tvastar, when he viewed the four wrought chalices, concealed himself among the Consorts of the Gods.
5. As Tvastar thus had spoken, Let us slay these men who have reviled the chalice, drinking-cup of Gods,
     They gave themselves new names when Soma juice was shed, and under these new names the Maiden welcomed them.
6. Indra hath yoked his Bays, the Asvins’ car is horsed, Brhaspati hath brought the Cow of every hue.
     Ye went as Rbhus, Vibhvan, Vaja to the Gods, and skilled in war, obtained your share in sacrifice.
7. Ye by your wisdom brought a cow from out a hide; unto that ancient Pair ye gave again their youth.
     Out of a horse, Sudhanvan’s Sons, ye formed a horse: a chariot ye equipped, and went unto the Gods.
8. Drink ye this water, were the words ye spake to them; or drink ye this, the rinsing of the MuÃƒÆ’Ã‚Â±ja-grass.
     If ye approve not even this, Sudhanvan’s Sons, then at the third libation gladden ye yourselves.
9. Most excellent are waters, thus said one of you; most excellent is Agni, thus another said.
     Another praised to many a one the lightning cloud. Then did ye shape the cups, speaking the words of truth.
10. One downward to the water drives the crippled cow, another trims the flesh brought on the carving-board.
     One carries off the refuse at the set of sun. How did the Parents aid their children in their task!
11. On the high places ye have made the grass for man, and water in the valleys, by your skill, O Men.
     Rbhus, ye iterate not to-day that act of yours, your sleeping in the house of him whom naught can hide.
12. As, compassing them round, ye glided through the worlds, where had the venerable Parents their abode?
     Ye laid a curse on him who raised his arm at you: to him who spake aloud to you ye spake again.
13. When ye had slept your fill, ye Rbhus, thus ye asked, O thou whom naught may hide, who now hath wakened us?
     The goat declared the hound to be your wakener. That day, in a full year, ye first unclosed our eyes.
14. The Maruts move in heaven, on earth this Agni; through the mid-firmament the Wind approaches.
     Varuna comes in the sea’s gathered waters, O Sons of Strength, desirous of your presence.

Mandala 1, Hymn 162.

1. SLIGHT us not Varuna, Aryaman, or Mitra, Rbhuksan, Indra, Ayu, or the Maruts,
     When we declare amid the congregation the virtues of the strong Steed, God-descended.
2. What time they bear before the Courser, covered with trappings and with wealth, the grasped oblation,
     The dappled goat goeth straightforward, bleating, to the place dear to Indra and to Pusan.
3. Dear to all Gods, this goat, the share of Pusan, is first led forward with the vigorous Courser,
     While Tvastar sends him forward with the Charger, acceptable for sacrifice, to glory.
4. When thrice the men lead round the Steed, in order, who goeth to the Gods as meet oblation,
     The goat precedeth him, the share of Pusan, and to the Gods the sacrifice announceth.
5. Invoker, ministering priest, atoner, fire-kindler Soma-presser, sage, reciter,
     With this well ordered sacrifice, well finished, do ye fill full the channels of the rivers.
6. The hewers of the post and those who carry it, and those who carve the knob to deck the Horse’s stake;
     Those who prepare the cooking-vessels for the Steed,–may the approving help of these promote our work.
7. Forth, for the regions of the Gods, the Charger with his smooth back is come my prayer attends him.
     In him rejoice the singers and the sages. A good friend have we won for the Gods’ banquet.
8. May the fleet Courser’s halter and his heel-ropes, the head-stall and the girths and cords about him.
     And the grass put within his mouth to bait him,–among the Gods, too, let all these be with thee.
9. What part of the Steed’s flesh the fly hath eaten, or is left sticking to the post or hatchet,
     Or to the slayer’s hands and nails adhereth,–among the Gods, too, may all this be with thee.
10. Food undigested steaming from his belly, and any odour of raw flesh remaining,
     This let the immolators set in order and dress the sacrifice with perfect cooking.
11. What from thy body which with fire is roasted, when thou art set upon the spit, distilleth,
     Let not that lie on earth or grass neglected, but to the longing Gods let all be offered.
12. They who observing that the Horse is ready call out and say, the smell is good; remove it;
     And, craving meat, await the distribution,–may their approving help promote labour.
13. The trial-fork of the flesh-cooking caldron, the vessels out of which the broth is sprinkled,
     The warming-pots, the covers of the dishes, hooks, carving-boards,–all these attend the Charger.
14. The starting-place, his place of rest and rolling, the ropes wherewith the Charger’s feet were fastened,
     The water that he drank, the food he tasted,–among the Gods, too, may all these attend thee.
15. Let not the fire, smoke-scented, make thee crackle, nor glowing caldron smell and break to pieces.
     Offered, beloved, approved, and consecrated,–such Charger do the Gods accept with favour.
16. The robe they spread upon the Horse to clothe him, the upper covering and the golden trappings,
     The halters which restrain the Steed, the heel-ropes,–all these, as grateful to the Gods, they offer.
17. If one, when seated, with excessive urging hath with his heel or with his whip distressed thee,
     All these thy woes, as with the oblations’ ladle at sacrifices, with my prayer I banish.
18. The four-and-thirty ribs of the. Swift Charger, kin to the Gods, the slayer’s hatchet pierces.
     Cut ye with skill, so that the parts be flawless, and piece by piece declaring them dissect them.
19. Of Tvastar’s Charger there is one dissector,–this is the custom-two there are who guide him.
     Such of his limbs as I divide in order, these, amid the balls, in fire I offer.
20. Let not thy dear soul burn thee as thou comest, let not the hatchet linger in thy body.
     Let not a greedy clumsy immolator, missing the joints, mangle thy limbs unduly.
21. No, here thou diest not, thou art not injured: by easy paths unto the Gods thou goest.
     Both Bays, both spotted mares are now thy fellows, and to the ass’s pole is yoked the Charger.
22. May this Steed bring us all-sustaining riches, wealth in good kine, good horses, manly offspring.
     Freedom from sin may Aditi vouchsafe us: the Steed with our oblations gain us lordship!

Mandala 1, Hymn 163.

1. WHAT time, first springing into life, thou neighedst, proceeding from the sea or upper waters,
     Limbs of the deer hadst thou, and eagle pinions. O Steed, thy birth is nigh and must be lauded.
2. This Steed which Yama gave hath Trita harnessed, and him, the first of all, hath Indra mounted.
     His bridle the Gandharva grasped. O Vasus, from out the Sun ye fashioned forth the Courser.
3. Yama art thou, O Horse; thou art Aditya; Trita art thou by secret operation.
     Thou art divided thoroughly from Soma. They say thou hast three bonds in heaven
     that hold thee.
4. Three bonds, they say, thou hast in heaven that bind thee, three in the waters,
     three within the ocean.
     To me thou seemest Varuna, O Courser, there where they say is thy sublimest birth-place.
5. Here-, Courser, are the places where they groomed thee, here are the traces of thy hoofs as winner.
     Here have I seen the auspicious reins that guide thee, which those who guard the holy Law keep safely.
6. Thyself from far I recognized in spirit,–a Bird that from below flew through the heaven.
     I saw thy head still soaring, striving upward by paths unsoiled by dust, pleasant to travel.
7. Here I beheld thy form, matchless in glory, eager to win thee food at the Cow’s station.
     Whene’er a man brings thee to thine enjoyment, thou swallowest the plants most greedy eater.
8. After thee, Courser, come the car, the bridegroom, the kine come after, and the charm of maidens.
     Full companies have followed for thy friendship: the pattern of thy vigour Gods have copied.
9. Horns made of gold hath he: his feet are iron: less fleet than he, though swift as thought, is Indra.
     The Gods have come that they may taste the oblation of him who mounted, first of all, the Courser.
10. Symmetrical in flank, with rounded haunches, mettled like heroes, the Celestial Coursers
     Put forth their strength, like swans in lengthened order, when they, the Steeds, have reached the heavenly causeway.
11. A body formed for flight hast thou, O Charger; swift as the wind in motion is thy spirit.
     Thy horns are spread abroad in all directions: they move with restless beat in wildernesses.
12. The strong Steed hath come forward to the slaughter, pondering with a mind directed God-ward.
     The goat who is his kin is led before him the sages and the singers follow after.
13. The Steed is come unto the noblest mansion, is come unto his Father and his Mother.
     This day shall he approach the Gods, most welcome: then he declares good gifts to him who offers.

Mandala 1, Hymn 164.

1. OF this benignant Priest, with eld grey-coloured, the brother midmost of the three is lightning.
     The third is he whose back with oil is sprinkled. Here I behold the Chief with seven male children.
2. Seven to the one-wheeled chariot yoke the Courser; bearing seven names the single Courser draws it.
     Three-naved the wheel is, sound and undecaying, whereon are resting all these worlds of being.
3. The seven who on the seven-wheeled car are mounted have horses, seven in tale, who draw them onward.
     Seven Sisters utter songs of praise together, in whom the names of the seven Cows are treasured.
4. Who hath beheld him as he sprang to being, seen how the boneless One supports the bony?
     Where is the blood of earth, the life, the spirit? Who may approach the man who knows, to ask it?
5. Unripe in mind, in spirit undiscerning, I ask of these the Gods’ established places;
     For up above the yearling Calf the sages, to form a web, their own seven threads have woven.
6. I ask, unknowing, those who know, the sages, as one all ignorant for sake of knowledge,
     What was that ONE who in the Unborn’s image hath stablished and fixed firm these worlds’ six regions.
7. Let him who knoweth presently declare it, this lovely Bird’s securely founded station.
     Forth from his head the Cows draw milk, and, wearing his vesture, with their foot have drunk the water.
8. The Mother gave the Sire his share of Order: with thought, at first, she wedded him in spirit.
     She, the coy Dame, was filled with dew prolific: with adoration men approached to praise her.
9. Yoked was the Mother to the boon Cow’s car-pole: in the dank rows of cloud the Infant rested.
     Then the Calf lowed, and looked upon the Mother, the Cow who wears all shapes in three directions.
10. Bearing three Mothers and three Fathers, single he stood erect: they never make him weary.
     There on the pitch of heaven they speak together in speech all-knowing but not all-impelling.
11. Formed with twelve spokes, by length of time, unweakened, rolls round the heaven this wheel of during Order.
     Herein established, joined in pairs together, seven hundred Sons and twenty stand, O Agni.
12. They call him in the farther half of heaven the Sire five-footed, of twelve forms, wealthy in watery store.
     These others say that he, God with far-seeing eyes, is mounted on the lower seven-wheeled, six-spoked car.
13. Upon this five-spoked wheel revolving ever all living creatures rest and are dependent.
     Its axle, heavy-laden, is not heated: the nave from ancient time remains unbroken.
14. The wheel revolves, unwasting, with its felly: ten draw it, yoked to the far-stretching car-pole.
     The Sun’s eye moves encompassed by the region: on him dependent rest all living creatures.
15. Of the co-born they call the seventh single-born; the six twin pairs are called Rsis, Children of Gods.
     Their good gifts sought of men are ranged in order due, and various in their form move for the Lord who guides.
16. They told me these were males, though truly females: he who hath eyes sees this, the blind discerns not.
     The son who is a sage hath comprehended: who knows this rightly is his father’s father.
17. Beneath the upper realm, above this lower, bearing her calf at foot the Cow hath risen.
     Witherward, to what place hath she departed? Where calves she? Not amid this herd of cattle.
18. Who, that the father of this Calf discerneth beneath the upper realm, above the lower,
     Showing himself a sage, may here declare it? Whence hath the Godlike spirit had its rising?
19. Those that come hitherward they call departing, those that depart they call directed hither.
     And what so ye have made, Indra and Soma, steeds bear as ‘twere yoked to the region’s car-pole.
20. Two Birds with fair wings, knit with bonds of friendship, in the same sheltering tree have found a refuge.
     One of the twain eats the sweet Fig-tree’s fruitage; the other eating not regardeth only.
21. Where those fine Birds hymn ceaselessly their portion of life eternal, and the sacred synods,
     There is the Universe’s mighty Keeper, who, wise, hath entered into me the simple.
22. The, tree whereon the fine Birds eat the sweetness, where they all rest and procreate their offspring,–
     Upon its top they say the fig is luscious none gaineth it who knoweth not the Father.
23. How on the Gayatri the Gayatri was based, how from the Tristup they fashioned the Tristup forth,
     How on the Jagati was based the Jagati,–they who know this have won themselves immortal life.
24. With Gayatri he measures out the praise-song, Sama with praise-song, triplet with the Tristup.
     The triplet with the two or four-foot measure, and with the syllable they form seven metres.
25. With Jagati the flood in heaven he stablished, and saw the Sun in the Rathantara Saman.
     Gayatri hath, they say, three brands for kindling: hence it excels in majesty and vigour.
26. I invocate the milch-cow good for milking so that the milker, deft of hand, may drain her.
     May Savitar give goodliest stimulation. The caldron is made hot; I will proclaim it.
27. She, lady of all treasure, is come hither yearning in spirit for her calf and lowing.
     May this cow yield her milk for both the Asvins, and may she prosper to our high advantage.
28. The cow hath lowed after her blinking youngling; she licks his forehead, as she lows, to form it.
     His mouth she fondly calls to her warm udder, and suckles him with milk while gently lowing.
29. He also snorts, by whom encompassed round the Cow laws as she clings unto the shedder of the rain.
     She with her shrilling cries hath humbled mortal man, and, turned to lightning, hath stripped off her covering robe.
30. That which hath breath and speed and life and motion lies firmly stablished in the midst of houses.
     Living, by offerings to the Dead he moveth Immortal One, the brother of the mortal.
31. I saw the Herdsman, him who never stumbles, approaching by his pathways and departing.
     He, clothed with gathered and diffusive splendour, within the worlds continually travels.
32. He who hath made him cloth not comprehend him: from him who saw him surely is he hidden.
     He, yet enveloped in his Mother’s bosom, source of much life, hath sunk into destruction.
33. Dyaus is my Father, my begetter: kinship is here. This great earth is my kin and Mother.
     Between the wide-spread world-halves is the birth-place: the Father laid the Daughter’s germ within it.
34. I ask thee of the earth’s extremest limit, where is the centre of the world, I ask thee.
     I ask thee of the Stallion’s seed prolific, I ask of highest heaven where Speech abideth.
35. This altar is the earth’s extremest limit; this sacrifice of ours is the world’s centre.
     The Stallion’s seed prolific is the Soma; this Brahman highest heaven where Speech abideth.
36. Seven germs unripened yet are heaven’s prolific seed: their functions they maintain by Visnu’s ordinance.
     Endued with wisdom through intelligence and thought, they compass us about present on every side.
37. What thing I truly am I know not clearly: mysterious, fettered in my mind I wander.
     When the first-born of holy Law approached me, then of this speech I first obtain a portion.
38. Back, forward goes he, grasped by strength inherent, the Immortal born the brother of the mortal
     Ceaseless they move in opposite directions: men mark the one, and fail to mark the other.
39. Upon what syllable of holy praise-song, as twere their highest heaven, the Gods repose them,–
     Who knows not this, what will he do with praise-song? But they who know it well sit here assembled.
40. <A HREF="errata.htm#2">Fortunate</A> mayst thou be with goodly pasture, and may we also be exceeding wealthy.
     Feed on the grass, O Cow, at every season, and coming hitherward drink limpid water.
41. Forming the water-floods, the buffalo hath lowed, one-footed or two-footed or four-footed, she,
     Who hath become eight-footed or hath got nine feet, the thousand-syllabled in the sublimest heaven.
42. From her descend in streams the seas of water; thereby the world’s four regions have their being,
     Thence flows the imperishable flood and thence the universe hath life.
43. I saw from far away the smoke of fuel with spires that rose on high o’er that beneath it.
     The Mighty Men have dressed the spotted bullock. These were the customs in the days aforetime,
44. Three with long tresses show in ordered season. One of them sheareth when the year is ended.
     One with his powers the universe regardeth: Of one, the sweep is seen, but his figure.
45. Speech hath been measured out in four divisions, the Brahmans who have understanding know them.
     Three kept in close concealment cause no motion; of speech, men speak only the fourth division.
46. They call him Indra, Mitra, Varuna, Agni, and he is heavenly nobly-winged Garutman.
     To what is One, sages give many a title they call it Agni, Yama, Matarisvan.
47. Dark the descent: the birds are golden-coloured; up to the heaven they fly robed in the waters.
     Again descend they from the seat of Order, and all the earth is moistened with their fatness.
48. Twelve are the fellies, and the wheel is single; three are the naves. What man hath understood it?
     Therein are set together spokes three hundred and sixty, which in nowise can be loosened.
49. That breast of thine exhaustless, spring of pleasure, wherewith thou feedest all things that are choicest,
     Wealth-giver, treasure. finder, free bestower,–bring that, Sarasvati, that we may drain it.
50. By means of sacrifice the Gods accomplished their sacrifice: these were the earliest ordinances.
     These Mighty Ones attained the height of heaven, there where the Sadhyas, Gods of old, are dwelling.
51. Uniform, with the passing days, this water mounts and fails again.
     The tempest-clouds give life to earth, and fires re-animate the heaven.
52. The Bird Celestial, vast with noble pinion, the lovely germ of plants, the germ of waters,
     Him who delighteth us with rain in season, Sarasvan I invoke that he may help us.

Mandala 1, Hymn 165.

1. WITH what bright beauty are the Maruts jointly invested, peers in age, who dwell together?
     From what place have they come? With what intention? Sing they their strength through love of wealth, these Heroes?
2. Whose prayers have they, the Youthful Ones, accepted? Who to his sacrifice hath turned the Maruts?
     We will delay them on their journey sweeping–with what high spirit!–through the air like eagles.
3. Whence comest thou alone, thou who art mighty, Indra, Lord of the Brave? What is thy purpose?
     Thou greetest us when meeting us the Bright Ones. Lord of Bay Steeds, say what thou hast against us.
4. Mine are devotions, hymns; sweet are libations. Strength stirs, and hurled forth is my bolt of thunder.
     They call for me, their lauds are longing for me. These my Bay Steeds bear me to these oblations.
5. Therefore together with our strong companions, having adorned our bodies, now we harness,
     Our spotted deer with might, for thou, O Indra, hast learnt and understood our Godlike nature.
6. Where was that nature then of yours, O Maruts, that ye charged me alone to slay the Dragon?
     For I in truth am fierce and strong and mighty. I bent away from every foeman’s weapons.
7. Yea, much hast thou achieved with us for comrades, with manly valour like thine own, thou Hero.
     Much may we too achieve, O mightiest Indra, with our great power, we Maruts, when we will it.
8. Vrtra I slew by mine own strength, O Maruts, having waxed mighty in mine indignation.
     I with the thunder in my hand created for man these lucid softly flowing waters.
9. Nothing, O Maghavan, stands firm before thee; among the Gods not one is found
     thine equal.
     None born or springing into life comes nigh thee. Do what thou hast to do, exceeding mighty?
10. Mine only be transcendent power, whatever I, daring in my spirit, may accomplish.
     For I am known as terrible, O Maruts I, Indra, am the Lord of what I ruined.
11. Now, O ye Maruts, hath your praise rejoiced me, the glorious hymn which ye have made me, Heroes!
     For me, for Indra, champion strong in battle, for me, yourselves, as lovers for a lover.
12. Here, truly, they send forth their sheen to meet me, wearing their blameless glory and their vigour.
     When I have seen you, Maruts, in gay splendour, ye have delighted me, so now delight me.
13. Who here hath magnified you, O ye Maruts? speed forward, O ye lovers, to your lovers.
     Ye Radiant Ones, assisting their devotions, of these my holy rites he ye regardful.
14. To this hath Manya’s wisdom brought us, so as to aid, as aids the poet him who worships.
     Bring hither quick! On to the sage, ye Maruts! These prayers for you the singer hath recited.
15. May this your praise, may this your song, O Maruts, sung by the poet, Mana’s son, Mandarya,
     Bring offspring for ourselves with food to feed us. May we find strengthening food in full abundance!

Mandala 1, Hymn 166.

1. Now let us publish, for the vigorous company the herald of the Strong One, their primeval might.
     With fire upon your way, O Maruts loud of voice, with battle, Mighty Ones, achieve your deeds of strength.
2. Bringing the pleasant meath as ‘twere their own dear son, they sport in sportive wise gay at their gatherings.
     The Rudras come with succour to the worshipper; self-strong they fail not him who offers sacrifice.
3. To whomsoever, bringer of oblations, they immortal guardians, have given plenteous wealth,
     For him, like loving friends, the Maruts bringing bliss bedew the regions round with milk abundantly.
4. Ye who with mighty powers have stirred the regions up, your coursers have sped forth directed by themselves.
     All creatures of the earth, all dwellings are afraid, for brilliant is your coming with your spears advanced.
5. When they in dazzling rush have made the mountains roar, and shaken heaven’s high back in their heroic strength,
     Each sovran of the forest fears as ye drive near, aid the shrubs fly before you swift as whirling wheels.
6. Terrible Maruts, ye with ne’er-diminished host, with great benevolence fulfil our heart’s desire.
     Where’er your lightning bites armed with its gory teeth it crunches up the cattle like a well-aimed dart.
7. Givers of during gifts whose bounties never fail, free from ill-will, at sacrifices glorified,
     They sing their song aloud that they may drink sweet juice: well do they know the Hero’s first heroic deeds.
8. With castles hundredfold, O Maruts, guard ye well the man whom ye have loved from ruin and from sin,–
     The man whom ye the fierce, the Mighty ones who roar, preserve from calumny by cherishing his seed.
9. O Maruts, in your cars are all things that are good: great powers are set as ‘twere in rivalry therein.
     Rings are upon your shoulders when ye journey forth: your axle turns together both the chariot wheels.
10. Held in your manly arms are many goodly things, gold chains are on your chests, and glistering ornaments,
     Deer-skins are on their shoulders, on their fellies knives: they spread their glory out as birds spread out their wings.
11. Mighty in mightiness, pervading, passing strong, visible from afar as ‘twere with stars of heaven,
     Lovely with pleasant tongues, sweet singers with their mouths, the Maruts, joined with Indra, shout forth all around.
12. This is your majesty, ye Maruts nobly born, far as the sway of Aditi your bounty spreads.
     Even Indra by desertion never disannuls the boon bestowed by you upon the pious man.
13. This is your kinship, Maruts, that, Immortals, ye were oft in olden time regardful of our call,
     Having vouchsafed to man a hearing through this prayer, by wondrous deeds the Heroes have displayed their might.
14. That, O ye Maruts, we may long time flourish through your abundant riches, O swift movers,
     And that our men may spread in the encampment, let me complete the rite with these oblations.
15. May this your laud, may this your song, O Maruts, sung by the poet, Mana’s son, Mandarya,
     Bring offspring for ourselves with food to feed us. May we find strengthening food in full abundance.

Mandala 1, Hymn 167.

1. A THOUSAND are thy helps for us, O Indra: a thousand, Lord of Bays, thy choice refreshments.
     Wealth of a thousand sorts hast thou to cheer us: may precious goods come nigh to us in thousands.
2. May the most sapient Maruts, with protection, with best boons brought from lofty heaven, approach us,
     Now when their team of the most noble horses speeds even on the sea’s extremest limit.
3. Close to them clings one moving in seclusion, like a man’s wife, like a spear carried rearward,
     Well grasped, bright, decked with gold there is Vak also, like to a courtly, eloquent dame, among them.
4. Far off the brilliant, never-weary Maruts cling to the young Maid as a joint possession.
     The fierce Gods drave not Rodasi before them, but wished for her to grow their friend and fellow.
5. When chose immortal Rodasi to follow–she with loose tresses and heroic spirit–
     She climbed her servant’s chariot, she like Surya with cloud-like motion and refulgent aspect.
6. Upon their car the young men set the Maiden wedded to glory, mighty in assemblies,
     When your song, Maruts, rose, and, with oblation, the Soma-pourer sang his hymn in worship.
7. I will declare the greatness of these Maruts, their real greatness, worthy to be lauded,
     How, with them, she though firm, strong-minded, haughty, travels to women happy in their fortune.
8. Mitra and Varuna they guard from censure: Aryaman too, discovers worthless sinners Firm things are overthrown that ne’er were shaken: he prospers, Maruts, who gives choice oblations.
9. None of us, Maruts, near or at a distance, hath ever reached the limit of your vigour.
     They in courageous might still waxing boldly have compassed round their foemen like an ocean.
10. May we this day be dearest friends of Indra, and let us call on him in fight to-morrow.
     So were we erst. New might attend us daily! So be with us! Rbhuksan of the Heroes!
11. May this your laud, may this your song, O Maruts, sung by the poet, Mana’s
     son, Mandarya,
     Bring offspring for ourselves with. food to feed us. May we find strengthening food in full abundance.

Mandala 1, Hymn 168.

1. SWIFT gain is his who hath you near at every rite: ye welcome every song of him who serves the Gods.
     So may I turn you hither with fair hymns of praise to give great succour for the weal of both the worlds.
2. Surrounding, as it were, self-born, self-powerful, they spring to life the shakers-down of food and light;
     Like as the countess undulations of the floods, worthy of praise when near, like bullocks and like kine.
3. They who, like Somas with their well-grown stalks pressed out, imbibed within the heart, dwell there in friendly wise.
     Upon their shoulders rests as ‘twere a warrior’s spear and in their hand they hold a dagger and a ring.
4. Self-yoked they have descended lightly from the sky. With your own lash, Immortals, urge yourselves to speed.
     Unstained by dust the Maruts, mighty in their strength, have cast down e’en firm things, armed with their shining spears.
5. Who among you, O Maruts armed with lightning-spears, moveth you by himself, as with the tongue his jaws?
     Ye rush from heaven’s floor as though ye sought for food, on many errands like the Sun’s diurnal Steed.
6. Say where, then, is this mighty region’s farthest bound, where, Maruts, is the lowest depth that ye have reached,
     When ye cast down like chaff the firmly stablished pile, and from the mountain send the glittering water-flood?
7. Your winning is with strength, dazzling, with heavenly light, with fruit mature, O Maruts, fall of plenteousness.
     Auspicious is your gift like a free giver’s meed, victorious, spreading far, as of immortal Gods.
8. The rivers roar before your chariot fellies when they are uttering the voice of rain-clouds.
     The lightnings laugh upon the earth beneath them, what time the Maruts scatter forth their fatness.
9. Prsni brought forth, to fight the mighty battle, the glittering army of the restless Maruts.
     Nurtured together they begat the monster, and then looked round them for the food that strengthens.
10. May this your laud, may this your song O Maruts, sung by the poet Mana’s son,
     Mandarya,
     Bring offspring for ourselves with food to feed us. May we find strengthening food in full abundance.

Mandala 1, Hymn 169.

1. As, Indra, from great treason thou protectest, yea, from great treachery these who approach us,
     So, marking well, Controller of the Maruts grant us their blessings, for they are thy dearest.
2. The various doings of all mortal people by thee are ordered, in thy wisdom, Indra.
     The host of Maruts goeth forth exulting to win the light-bestowing spoil of battle.
3. That spear of thine sat firm for us, O Indra: the Maruts set their whole dread power in motion.
     E’en Agni shines resplendent in the brush-wood: the viands hold him as floods hold an island.
4. Vouchsafe us now that opulence, O Indra, as guerdon won by mightiest donation.
     May hymns that please thee cause the breast of Vayu to swell as with the mead’s refreshing sweetness.
5. With thee, O Indra, are most bounteous riches that further every one who lives uprightly.
     Now may these Maruts show us loving-kindness, Gods who of old were ever prompt to help us.
6. Bring forth the Men who rain down boons, O Indra: exert thee in the great terrestrial region;
     For their broad-chested speckled deer are standing like a King’s armies on the field of battle.
7. Heard is the roar of the advancing Maruts, terrific, glittering, and swiftly moving,
     Who with their rush o’erthrow as ‘twere a sinner the mortal who would fight with those who love him
8. Give to the Manas, Indra with Maruts, gifts universal, gifts of cattle foremost.
     Thou, God, art praised with Gods who must be lauded. May we find strengthening food in full abundance.

Mandala 1, Hymn 170.

1. NAUGHT is to-day, to-morrow naught. Who comprehends the mystery?
     We must address ourselves unto another’s thought, and lost is then the hope we formed.
2. The Maruts are thy brothers. Why, O Indra, wouldst thou take our lives?
     Agree with them in friendly wise, and do not slay us in the fight.
3. Agastya, brother, why dost thou neglect us, thou who art our friend?
     We know the nature of thy mind. Verity thou wilt give us naught.
4. Let them prepare the altar, let them kindle fire in front: we two
     Here will spread sacrifice for thee, that the Immortal may observe.
5. Thou, Lord of Wealth, art Master of all treasures, thou, Lord of friends, art thy friends’ best supporter.
     O Indra, speak thou kindly with the Maruts, and taste oblations in their proper season.

Mandala 1, Hymn 171.

1. To you I come with this mine adoration, and with a hymn I crave the Strong Ones’ favour
     A hymn that truly makes you joyful, Maruts. Suppress your anger and unyoke your horses.
2. Maruts, to you this laud with prayer and worship, formed in the mind and heart, ye Gods, is offered.
     Come ye to us, rejoicing in your spirit, for ye are they who make our prayer effective.
3. The Maruts, praised by us, shall show us favour; Maghavan, lauded, shall be most propitious.
     Maruts,, may all our days that are to follow be very pleasant, lovely and triumphant.
4. I fled in <A HREF="errata.htm#3">terror</A> from this mighty Indra, my body trembling in alarm, O Maruts.
     Oblations meant for you had been made ready; these have we set aside: for this forgive us.
5. By whom the Manas recognize the day-springs, by whose strength at the dawn of endless mornings,
     Give us, thou Mighty, glory with Maruts. fierce with the fierce, the Strong who givest triumph.
6. Do thou, O Indra, guard the conquering Heroes, and rid thee of thy wrath against the Maruts,
     With them, the wise, victorious and bestowing. May we find strengthening food in full abundance.

Mandala 1, Hymn 172.

1. WONDERFUL let your coming be, wondrous with help, ye Bounteous Ones,
     Maruts, who gleam as serpents gleam.
2. Far be from us, O Maruts, ye free givers, your impetuous shaft;
     Far from us be the stone ye hurl.
3. O Bounteous Givers, touch ye not, O Maruts, Trnskanda’s folk;
     Lift ye us up that we may live.

Mandala 1, Hymn 173.

1. THE praise-song let him sing forth bursting bird-like: sing we that hymn which like heaven’s light expandeth,
     That the milk-giving cows may, unimpeded call to the sacred grass the Gods’ assembly.
2. Let the Bull sing with Bulls whose toil is worship, with a loud roar like some wild beast that hungers.
     Praised God! the glad priest brings his heart’s devotion; the holy youth presents twofold oblation.
3. May the Priest come circling the measured stations, and with him bring the earth’s autumnal fruitage.
     Let the Horse neigh led near, let the Steer bellow: let the Voice go between both worlds as herald,
4. To him we offer welcomest oblations, the pious bring their strength-inspiring praises.
     May Indra, wondrous in his might, accept them, car-borne and swift to move like the Nasatyas.
5. Praise thou that Indra who is truly mighty, the car-borne Warrior, Maghavan the Hero;
     Stronger in war than those who fight against him, borne by strong steeds, who kills enclosing darkness;
6. Him who surpasses heroes in his greatness: the earth and heavens suffice not for his girdles.
     Indra endues the earth to be his garment, and, God-like, wears the heaven as ‘twere a frontlet,
7. Thee, Hero, guardian of the brave in battles, who roamest in the van,–to draw thee hither,
     Indra, the hosts agree beside the Soma, and joy, for his great actions, in the Chieftain.
8. Libations in the sea to thee are pleasant, when thy divine Floods come to cheer these people.
     To thee the Cow is sum of all things grateful when with the wish thou seekest men and princes.
9. So may we in this One be well befriended, well aided as it were through praise of chieftains,
     That Indra still may linger at our worship, as one led swift to work, to hear our praises.
10. Like men in rivalry extolling princes, our Friend be Indra, wielder of the thunder.
     Like true friends of some city’s lord within them held in good rule with sacrifice they help him.
11. For every sacrifice makes Indra stronger, yea, when he goes around angry in spirit;
     As pleasure at the ford invites the thirsty, as the long way brings him who gains his object.
12. Let us not here contend with Gods, O Indra, for here, O Mighty One, is thine own portion,
     The Great, whose Friends the bounteous Maruts honour, as with a stream, his song who pours oblations.
13. Addressed to thee is this our praise, O Indra: Lord of Bay Steeds, find us hereby advancement.
     So mayst thou lead us on, O God, to comfort. May we find strengthening food in full abundance.

Mandala 1, Hymn 174.

1. THOU art the King of all the Gods, O Indra: protect the men, O Asura, preserve us.
     Thou Lord of Heroes, Maghavan, our saver, art faithful, very rich, the victory-giver.
2. Indra, thou humbledst tribes that spake with insult by breaking down seven autumn forts, their refuge.
     Thou stirredst, Blameless! billowy floods, and gavest his foe a prey to youthful Purukutsa.
3. With whom thou drivest troops whose lords are heroes, and bringest daylight now, much worshipped Indra,
     With them guard lion-like wasting active Agni to dwell in our tilled fields and in our homestead.
4. They through the greatness of thy spear, O Indra, shall, to thy praise, rest in this earthly station.
     To loose the floods, to seek, for kine, the battle, his Bays he mounted boldly seized the booty.
5. Indra, bear Kutsa, him in whom thou joyest: the dark-red horses of the Wind are docile.
     Let the Sun roll his chariot wheel anear us, and let the Thunderer go to meet the foemen.
6. Thou Indra, Lord of Bays, made strong by impulse, hast slain the vexers of thy friends, who give not.
     They who beheld the Friend beside the living were cast aside by thee as they rode onward.
7. Indra, the bard sang forth in inspiration: thou madest earth a covering for the Dasa.
     Maghavan made the three that gleam with moisture, and to his home brought Kuyavac to slay him.
8. These thine old deeds new bards have sung, O Indra. Thou conqueredst, boundest many tribes for ever.
     Like castles thou hast crushed the godless races, and bowed the godless scorner’s deadly weapon.
9. A Stormer thou hast made the stormy waters flow down, O Indra, like the running rivers.
     When o’er the flood thou broughtest them, O Hero, thou keptest Turvasa and Yadu safely.
10. Indra, mayst thou be ours in all occasions, protector of the men, most gentle-hearted,
     Giving us victory over all our rivals. May we find strengthening food in full abundance.

Mandala 1, Hymn 175.

1. GLAD thee: thy glory hath been quaffed, Lord of Bay Steeds, as ‘twere the bowl’s enlivening mead.
     For thee the Strong there is strong drink, mighty, omnipotent to win.
2. Let our strong drink, most excellent, exhilarating, come to thee,
     Victorious, Indra! bringing gain, immortal conquering in fight,
3. Thou, Hero, winner of the spoil, urgest to speed the car of man.
     Burn, like a vessel with the flame, the lawless Dasyu, Conqueror!
4. Empowered by thine own might, O Sage, thou stolest Surya’s chariot wheel.
     Thou barest Kutsa with the steeds of Wind to Susna as his death.
5. Most mighty is thy rapturous joy, most splendid is thine active power,
     Wherewith, foe-slaying, sending bliss, thou art supreme in gaining steeds.
6. As thou, O Indra, to the ancient singers wast ever joy, as water to the thirsty,
     So unto thee I sing this invocation. May we find strengthening food in full abundance.

Mandala 1, Hymn 176.

1. CHEER thee with draughts to win us bliss: Soma, pierce Indra in thy strength.
     Thou stormest trembling in thy rage, and findest not a foeman nigh.
2. Make our songs penetrate to him who is the Only One of men;
     For whom the sacred food is spread, as the steer ploughs the barley in.
3. Within whose hands deposited all the Five Peoples’ treasures rest.
     Mark thou the man who injures us and kill him like the heavenly bolt.
4. Slay everyone who pours no gift, who, hard to reach, delights thee not.
     Bestow on us what wealth he hath: this even the worshipper awaits.
5. Thou helpest him the doubly strong whose hymns were sung unceasingly.
     When Indra fought, O Soma, thou helpest the mighty in the fray.
6. As thou, O Indra, to the ancient singers wast ever joy, like water to the thirsty,
     So unto thee I sing this invocation. May we find strengthening food in full abundance.

Mandala 1, Hymn 177.

1. THE Bull of men, who cherishes all people, King of the Races, Indra, called of many,
     Fame-loving, praised, hither to me with succour turn having yoked both vigorous Bay Horses!
2. Thy mighty Stallions, yoked by prayer, O Indra, thy. Coursers to thy mighty chariot harnessed,–
     Ascend thou these, and borne by them come hither: with Soma juice out. poured, Indra, we call thee.
3. Ascend thy mighty car: the mighty Soma is poured for thee and sweets are sprinkled round us.
     Come down to us-ward, Bull of human races, come, having harnessed them, with strong Bay Horses.
4. Here is God-reaching sacrifice, here the victim; here, Indra, are the prayers, here is the Soma.
     Strewn is the sacred grass: come hither, Sakra; seat thee and drink: unyoke thy two Bay Coursers.
5. Come to us, Indra, come thou highly lauded to the devotions of the singer Mana.
     Singing, may we find early through thy succour, may we find strengthening food in full abundance.

Mandala 1, Hymn 178.

1. IF, Indra, thou hast given that gracious hearing where with thou helpest those who sang thy praises.
     Blast not the wish that would exalt us may I gain all from thee, and pay all man’s devotions.
2. Let not the Sovran Indra disappoint us in what shall bring both Sisters to our dwelling.
     To him have run the quickly flowing waters. May Indra come to us with life and friendship.
3. Victorious with the men, Hero in battles, Indra, who hears the singer’s supplication,
     Will bring his car nigh to the man who offers, if he himself upholds the songs that praise him.
4. Yea, Indra, with the men, through love of glory consumes the sacred food which friends have offered.
     The ever-strengthening song of him who worships is sung in fight amid the clash of voices.
5. Aided by thee, O Maghavan, O Indra, may we subdue our foes who count them mighty.
     Be our protector, strengthen and increase us. May we find strengthening food in full abundance.

Mandala 1, Hymn 180.

1. LIGHTLY your coursers travel through the regions when round the sea of air your car is flying.
     Your golden fellies scatter drops of moisture: drinking the sweetness ye <A HREF="errata.htm#4">attend</A> the Mornings.
2. Ye as ye travel overtake the Courser who flies apart, the Friend of man, most holy.
     The prayer is that the Sister may convey you, all praised, meath-drinkers! to support and strengthen.
3. Ye have deposited, matured within her, in the raw cow the first milk of the milch-cow,
     Which the bright offerer, shining like a serpent mid trees, presents to you whose form is perfect.
4. Ye made the fierce heat to be full of sweetness for Atri at his wish, like streaming water.
     Fire-offering thence is yours, O Asvins, Heroes: your car-wheels speed to us like springs of honey.
5. Like Tugra’s ancient son may I, ye Mighty, bring you to give your gifts with milk-oblations.
     Your greatness compasseth Earth, Heaven, and Waters: decayed for you is sorrow’s net, ye Holy.
6. When, Bounteous Ones, ye drive your yoked team downward, ye send, by your own natures, understanding.
     Swift as the wind let the prince please and feast you: he, like a pious man, gains strength for increase.
7. For verily we truthful singers praise you the niggard trafficker is here excluded.
     Now, even now do ye O blameless Asvins, ye Mighty, guard the man whose God is near him.
8. You of a truth day after day, O Asvins, that he might win the very plenteous torrent,
     Agastya, famous among mortal heroes, roused with a thousand lauds like sounds of music.
9. When with the glory of your car ye travel, when we go speeding like the priest of mortals,
     And give good horses to sacrificers, may we, Nasatyas! gain our share of riches.
10. With songs of praise we call to-day, O Asvins, that your new chariot, for our own well-being,
     That circles heaven with never-injured fellies. May we find strengthening food in full abundance.

Mandala 1, Hymn 181.

1. WHAT, dearest Pair, is this in strength and riches that ye as Priests are bring from the waters?
     This sacrifice is your glorification, ye who protect mankind and give them treasures.
2. May your pure steeds, rain-drinkers, bring you hither, swift as the tempest, your celestial coursers,
     Rapid as thought, with fair backs, full of vigour, resplendent in their native light, O Asvins.
3. Your car is like a torrent rushing downward: may it come nigh, broad-seated, for our welfare,–
     Car holy, strong, that ever would be foremost, thought-swift, which ye, for whom we long, have mounted.
4. Here sprung to life, they both have sung together, with bodies free from stain, with signs that mark them;
     One of you Prince of Sacrifice, the Victor, the other counts as Heaven’s auspicious offspring.
5. May your car-seat, down-gliding, golden-coloured, according to your wish approach our dwellings.
     Men shall feed full the bay steeds of the other, and, Asvins they with roars shall stir the regions.
6. Forth comes your strong Bull like a cloud of autumn, sending abundant food of liquid sweetness.
     Let them feed with the other’s ways and vigour: the upper streams have come and do us service.
7. Your constant song hath been sent forth, Disposers! that flows threefold in mighty strength, O Asvins.
     Thus lauded, give the suppliant protection moving or resting hear mine invocation.
8. This song of bright contents for you is swelling in the men’s hall where three-fold grass is ready.
     Your strong rain-cloud, ye Mighty Ones, hath swollen, honouring men as ‘twere with milk’s outpouring.
9. The prudent worshipper, like Pusan, Asvins! praises you as he praises Dawn and Agni,
     When, singing with devotion, he invokes you. May we find strengthening food in full abundance.

Mandala 1, Hymn 182.

1. THIS was the task. Appear promptly, ye prudent Ones. Here is the chariot drawn by strong steeds: be ye glad.
     Heart-stirring, longed for, succourers of Vispala, here are Heaven’s Sons whose sway blesses the pious man.
2. Longed for, most Indra-like, mighty, most Marut-like, most wonderful in deed, car-borne, best charioteers,
     Bring your full chariot hither heaped with liquid sweet: thereon, ye Asvins, come to him who offers gifts.
3. What make ye there, ye Mighty? Wherefore linger ye with folk who, offering not, are held in high esteem?
     Pass over them; make ye the niggard’s life decay: give light unto the singer eloquent in praise.
4. Crunch up on. every side the dogs who bark at us: slay ye our foes, O Asvins this ye understand.
     Make wealthy every word of him who praises you: accept with favour, both Nasatyas, this my laud.
5. Ye made for Tugra’s son amid the water-floods that animated ship with wings to fly withal,
     Whereon with God-devoted mind ye brought him forth, and fled with easy flight from out the mighty surge.
6. Four ships most welcome in the midst of ocean, urged by the Asvins, save the son of Tugra,
     Him who was cast down headlong in the waters, plunged in the thick inevitable darkness.
7. What tree was that which stood fixed in surrounding sea to which the son of Tugra supplicating clung?
     Like twigs, of which some winged creature may take hold, ye, Asvins, bore him off safely to your renown.
8. Welcome to you be this the hymn of praises uttered by Manas, O Nasatyas, Heroes,
     From this our gathering where we offer Soma. May we find strengthening food in full abundance.

Mandala 1, Hymn 183.

1. MAKE ready that which passes thought in swiftness, that hath three wheels and triple seat, ye Mighty,
     Whereon ye seek the dwelling of the pious, whereon, threefold, ye fly like birds with pinions.
2. Light rolls your easy chariot faring earthward, what time, for food, ye, full of wisdom, mount it.
     May this song, wondrous fair, attend your glory: ye, as ye travel, wait on Dawn Heaven’s Daughter.
3. Ascend your lightly rolling car, approaching the worshipper who turns him to his duties,–
     Whereon ye come unto the house to quicken man and his offspring, O Nasatyas, Heroes.
4. Let not the wolf, let not the she-wolf harm you. Forsake me not, nor pass me by or others.
     Here stands your share, here is your hymn, ye Mighty: yours are these vessels, full of pleasant juices.
5. Gotama, Purumilha, Atri bringing oblations all invoke you for protection.
     Like one who goes straight to the point directed, ye Nasatyas, to mine invocation.
6. We have passed o’er the limit of this darkness: our praise hath been bestowed on you, O Asvins.
     Come hitherward by paths which Gods have travelled. May we find strengthening food in full abundance.

Mandala 1, Hymn 184.

1. LET us invoke you both this day and after the priest is here with lauds when morn is breaking:
     Nasatyas, wheresoe’er ye be, Heaven’s Children, for him who is more liberal than the godless.
2. With us, ye Mighty, let yourselves be joyful, glad in our stream of Soma slay the niggards.
     Graciously hear my hymns and invitations, marking, O Heroes, with your cars my longing.
3. Nasatyas, Pusans, ye as Gods for glory arranged and set in order Surya’s bridal.
     Your giant steeds move on, sprung from the waters, like ancient times of Varuna the Mighty.
4. Your grace be with us, ye who love sweet juices: further the hymn sung by the poet Mana,
     When men are joyful in your glorious actions, to win heroic strength, ye Bounteous Givers.
5. This praise was made, O liberal Lords, O Asvins, for you with fair adornment by the Manas.
     Come to our house for us and for our children, rejoicing, O Nasatyas, in Agastya.
6. We have passed o’er the limit of this darkness: our praise hath been bestowed on you, O Asvins.
     Come hitherward by paths which Gods have travelled. may we find strengthening food in full abundance.

Mandala 1, Hymn 185.

1. WHETHER of these is elder, whether later? How were they born? Who knoweth it, ye sages?
     These of themselves support all things existing: as on a car the Day and Night roll onward.
2. The Twain uphold, though motionless and footless, a widespread offspring having feet and moving.
     Like your own son upon his parents’ bosom, protect us, Heaven and earth, from fearful danger.
3. I call for Aditi’s unrivalled bounty, perfect, celestial, deathless, meet for worship.
     Produce this, ye Twain Worlds, for him who lauds you. Protect us, Heaven and Earth, from fearful danger.
4. May we be close to both the Worlds who suffer no pain, Parents of Gods, who aid with favour,
     Both mid the Gods, with Day and Night alternate. Protect us, Heaven and Earth, from fearful danger.
5. Faring together, young, with meeting limits, Twin Sisters lying in their Parents’ bosom,
     Kissing the centre of the world together. Protect us, Heaven and Earth, from fearful danger.
6. Duly I call the two wide seats, the mighty, the general Parents, with the God’s protection.
     Who, beautiful to look on, make the nectar. Protect us, Heaven and Earth, from fearful danger.
7. Wide, vast, and manifold, whose bounds are distant,–these, reverent, I address at this our worship,
     The blessed Pair, victorious, all-sustaining. Protect us, Heaven and Earth, from fearful danger.
8. What sin we have at any time committed against the Gods, our friend, our house’s chieftain,
     Thereof may this our hymn be expiation. Protect us, Heaven and Earth, from fearful danger.
9. May both these Friends of man, who bless, preserve me, may they attend me with their help and favour.
     Enrich the man more liberal than the godless. May we, ye Gods, be strong with food rejoicing.
10. Endowed with understanding, I have uttered this truth, for all to hear, to Earth and Heaven.
     Be near us, keep us from reproach and trouble. Father and Mother, with your help preserve us.
11. Be this my prayer fulfilled, O Earth and Heaven, wherewith, Father and Mother, I address you.
     Nearest of Gods be ye with your protection. May we find strengthening food in full abundance.

Mandala 1, Hymn 186.

1. LOVED of all men, may Savitar, through praises offered as sacred food, come to our synod,
     That you too, through-our hymn, ye ever-youthful, may gladden, at your visit, all our people.
2. To us may all the Gods come trooped together, Aryaman, Mitra, Varuna concordant,
     That all may be promoters of our welfare, and with great might preserve our strength from slackness.
3. Agni I sing, the guest you love most dearly: the Conqueror through our lauds is friendly-minded.
     That he may be our Varuna rich in glory and send food like a prince praised by the godly.
4. To you I seek with reverence, Night and Morning, like a cow good to milk, with hope to conquer,
     Preparing on a common day the praise. song with milk of various hues within this udder.
5. May the great Dragon of the Deep rejoice us: as one who nourishes her young comes Sindhu,
     With whom we will incite the Child of Waters whom vigorous course swift as thought bring hither.
6. Moreover Tvastar also shall approach us, one-minded with the princes at his visit.
     Hither shall come the Vrtra-slayer Indra, Ruler of men, as strongest of the Heroes.
7. Him too our hymns delight, that yoke swift horses, like mother cows who lick their tender youngling.
     To him our songs shall yield themselves like spouses, to him the most delightful of the Heroes.
8. So may the Maruts, armed with mighty weapons, rest here on heaven and earth with hearts in concord,
     As Gods whose cars have dappled steeds like torrents, destroyers of the foe allies of Mitra.
9. They hasten on to happy termination their orders when they are made known by
     glory.
     As on a fair bright day the arrow flieth o’er all the barren soil their missiles sparkle.
10. Incline the Asvins to show grace, and Pusan, for power and might have they, their own possession.
     Friendly are Visnu, Vata, and Rbhuksan so may I bring the Gods to make us happy.
11. This is my reverent thought of you, ye Holy; may it inspire you, make you dwell among us,–
     Thought, toiling for the Gods and seeking treasure. May we find strengthening food in full abundance.

Mandala 1, Hymn 187.

1. Now will I glorify Food that upholds great strength,
     By whose invigorating power Trita rent Vrtra limb from limb.
2. O pleasant Food, O Food of meath, thee have we chosen for our own,
     So be our kind protector thou.
3. Come hitherward to us, O Food, auspicious with auspicious help,
     Health-bringing, not unkind, a dear and guileless friend.
4. These juices which, O Food, are thine throughout the regions are diffused.
     like winds they have their place in heaven.
5. These gifts of thine, O Food, O Food most sweet to taste,
     These savours of thy juices work like creatures that have mighty necks.
6. In thee, O Food, is set the spirit of great Gods.
     Under thy flag brave deeds were done he slew the Dragon with thy help.
7. If thou be gone unto the splendour of the clouds,
     Even from thence, O Food of meath, prepared for our enjoyment, come.
8. Whatever morsel we consume from waters or from plants of earth, O Soma, wax thou fat thereby.
9. What Soma, we enjoy from thee in milky food or barley-brew, Vatapi, grow thou fat thereby.
10. O Vegetable, Cake of meal, he wholesome, firm, and strengthening: Vatapi, grow thou fat thereby.
11. O Food, from thee as such have we drawn forth with lauds, like cows, our sacrificial gifts,
     From thee who banquetest with Gods, from thee who banquetest with us.

Mandala 1, Hymn 188.

1. WINNER of thousands, kindled, thou shinest a God with Gods to-day.
     Bear out oblations, envoy, Sage.
2. Child of Thyself the sacrifice is for the righteous blent with meath,
     Presenting viands thousandfold.
3. Invoked and worthy of our praise bring Gods whose due is sacrifice:
     Thou, Agni, givest countless gifts.
4. To seat a thousand Heroes they eastward have strewn the grass with might,
     Whereon, Adityas, ye shine forth.
5. The sovran all-imperial Doors, wide, good, many and manifold,
     Have poured their streams of holy oil.
6. With gay adornment, fair to see, in glorious beauty shine they forth:
     Let Night and Morning rest them here.
7. Let these two Sages first of all, heralds divine and eloquent,
     Perform for us this sacrifice.
8. You I address, Sarasvati, and Bharati, and Ila, all:
     Urge ye us on to glorious fame.
9. Tvastar the Lord hath made all forms and all the cattle of the field
     Cause them to multiply for us.
10. Send to the Gods, Vanaspati, thyself, the sacrificial draught:
     Let Agni make the oblations sweet.
11. Agni, preceder of the Gods, is honoured with the sacred song:
     He glows at offerings blest with Hail!

Mandala 1, Hymn 189.

1. BY goodly paths lead us to riches, Agni, God who knowest every sacred duty.
     Remove the sin that makes us stray and wander. most ample adoration will we bring thee.
2. Lead us anew to happiness, O Agni; lead us beyond all danger and affliction.
     Be unto us a wide broad ample castle bless, prosper on their way our sons and offspring.
3. Far from us, Agni, put thou all diseases let them strike lauds that have no saving Agni.
     God, make our home again to be a blessing, with all the Immortal Deities, O Holy.
4. Preserve us, Agni, with perpetual succour, refulgent in the dwelling which thou lovest.
     O Conqueror, most youthful, let no danger touch him who praises thee to-day or after.
5. Give not us up a prey to sin, O Agni, the greedy enemy that brings us trouble;
     Not to the fanged that bites, not to the toothless: give not us up, thou Conqueror, to the spoiler.
6. Such as thou art, born after Law, O Agni when lauded give protection to our bodies,
     From whosoever would reproach or injure: for thou, God, rescuest from all oppression.
7. Thou, well discerning both these classes, comest to men at early morn, O holy Agni.
     Be thou obedient unto man at evening, to be adorned, as keen, by eager suitors.
8. To him have we addressed our pious speeches, I, Mana’s son, to him victorious Agni.
     May we gain countless riches with the sages. May we find strengthening food in full abundance.

Mandala 1, Hymn 190.

1. GLORIFY thou Brhaspati, the scatheless, who must be praised with hymns, sweet-tongued and mighty,
     To whom as leader of the song, resplendent, worthy of lauds, both Gods and mortals listen.
2. On him wait songs according to the season even as a stream of pious men set moving.
     Brhaspati–for he laid out the expanses–was, at the sacrifice, vast Matarisvan.
3. The praise, the verse that offers adoration, may he bring forth, as the Sun sends his arms out,
     He who gives daily light through this God’s wisdom, strong as a dread wild beast, and inoffensive.
4. His song of praise pervades the earth and heaven: let the wise worshipper draw it, like a courser.
     These of Brhaspati, like hunters’ arrows, go to the skies that change their hue like serpents.
5. Those, God, who count thee as a worthless bullock, and, wealthy sinners, live on thee the Bounteous,–
     On fools like these no blessing thou bestowest: Brhaspati, thou punishest the spiteful.
6. Like a fair path is he, where grass is pleasant, though hard to win, a Friend beloved most early.
     Those who unharmed by enemies behold us, while they would make them bare, stood closely compassed.
7. He to whom songs of praise go forth like torrents, as rivers eddying under banks flow sea-ward–
     Brhaspati the wise, the eager, closely looks upon both, the waters and the vessel.
8. So hath Brhaspati, great, strong and mighty, the God exceeding powerful, been brought hither.
     May he thus lauded give us kine and horses. May we find strengthening food in full abundance.

Mandala 1, Hymn 191 	Mandala 2, Hymn 1

1. VENOMOUS, slightly venomous, or venomous aquatic worm,–
     Both creatures, stinging, unobserved, with poison have infected me.
2. Coming, it kills the unobserved; it kills them as it goes away,
     It kills them as it drives them off, and bruising bruises them to death.
3. Sara grass, Darbha, Kusara, and Sairya, MuÃƒÆ’Ã‚Â±ja, Virana,
     Where all these creatures dwell unseen, with poison have infected me.
4. The cows had settled in their stalls, the beasts of prey had sought their lairs,
     Extinguished were the lights of men, when things unseen infected me.
5. Or these, these reptiles, are observed, like lurking thieves at evening time.
     Seers of all, themselves unseen: be therefore very vigilant.
6. Heaven is your Sire, your Mother Earth, Soma your Brother, Aditi
     Your Sister: seeing all, unseen, keep still and dwell ye happily.
7. Biters of shoulder or of limb, with needle-stings, most venomous,
     Unseen, whatever ye may be, vanish together and be gone.
8. Slayer of things unseen, the Sun, beheld of all, mounts, eastward, up,
     Consuming all that are not seen, and evil spirits of the night.
9. There hath the Sun-God mounted up, who scorches much and everything.
     Even the Aditya from the hills, all-seen, destroying things unseen.
10. I hang the poison in the Sun, a wine-skin in a vintner’s house,
     He will not die, nor shall we die: his path is far: he whom Bay Horses bear hath turned thee to sweet meath.
11. This little bird, so very small, hath swallowed all thy poison up.
     She will not die, nor shall we die: his path is far: he whom Bay Horses bear hath turned thee to sweet meath.
12. The three-times-seven bright sparks of fire have swallowed up the poison’s strength.
     They will not die, nor shall we die: his path is far: he whom Bay Horses bear hath turned thee to sweet meath.
13. Of ninety rivers and of nine with power to stay the venom’s course,–
     The names of all I have secured: his path is far: he whom Bay Horses bear hath turned thee to sweet meath.
14. So have the peahens three-times-seven, so have the maiden Sisters Seven
     Carried thy venom far away, as girls bear water in their jars.
15. The poison-insect is so small; I crush the creature with a stone.
     I turn the poison hence away, departed unto distant lands.
16. Forth issuing from the mountain’s side the poison-insect spake and said:
     Scorpion, they venom is but weak.

Mandala 2, Hymn 1.

1. THOU, Agni, shining in thy glory through the days, art brought to life from out the waters, from the stone:
     From out the forest trees and herbs that grow on ground, thou, Sovran Lord of men art generatad [sic] pure.
2. Thine is the Herald’s task and Cleanser’s duly timed; Leader art thou, and Kindler for the pious man.
     Thou art Director, thou the ministering Priest: thou art the Brahman, Lord and Master in our home.
3. Hero of Heroes, Agni! Thou art Indra, thou art Visnu of the Mighty Stride, adorable:
     Thou, Brahmanaspati, the Brahman finding wealth: thou, O Sustainer, with thy wisdom tendest us.
4. Agni, thou art King Varuna whose laws stand fast; as Mitra, Wonder-Worker, thou must be implored.
     Aryaman, heroes’ Lord, art thou, enrich ing all, and liberal Amsa in the synod, O thou God.
5. Thou givest strength, as Tvastar, to the worshipper: thou wielding Mitra’s power hast kinship with the Dames.
     Thou, urging thy fleet coursers, givest noble steeds: a host of heroes art thou with great store of wealth.
6. Rudra art thou, the Asura of mighty heaven: thou art the Maruts’ host, thou art the Lord of food,
     Thou goest with red winds: bliss hast thou in thine home. As Pusan thou thyself protectest worshippers.
7. Giver of wealth art thou to him who honours thee; thou art God Savitar, granter of precious things.
     As Bhaga, Lord of men! thou rulest over wealth, and guardest in his house him who hath served thee well.
8. To thee, the people’s Lord within the house, the folk press forward to their King most graciously inclined.
     Lord of the lovely look, all things belong to thee: ten, hundred, yea, a thousand are outweighed by thee.
9. Agni, men seek thee as a Father with their prayers, win thee, bright-formed, to brotherhood with holy act.
     Thou art a Son to him who duly worships thee, and as a trusty Friend thou guardest from attack.
10. A Rbhu art thou, Agni, near to be adored thou art the Sovran Lord of foodful spoil and wealth.
     Thou shinest brightly forth, thou burnest to bestow: pervading sacrifice, thou lendest us thine help.
11. Thou, God, art Aditi to him who offers gifts: thou, Hotri, Bharati, art strengthened by the song.
     Thou art the hundred-wintered Ila to give strength, Lord of Wealth! Vrtra-slayer and Sarasvati.
12. Thou, Agni, cherished well, art highest vital power; in thy delightful hue are glories visible.
     Thou art the lofty might that furthers each design: thou art wealth manifold, diffused on every side.
13. Thee, Agni, have the Adityas taken as their mouth; the Bright Ones have made thee, O Sage, to be their tongue.
     They who love offerings cling to thee at solemn rites: by thee the Gods devour the duly offered food.
14. By thee, O Agni, all the Immortal guileless Gods cat with thy mouth the oblation that is offered them.
     By thee do mortal men give sweetness to their drink. Bright art thou born, the embryo of the plants of earth.
15. With these thou art united, Agni; yea thou, God of noble birth, surpassest them in majesty,
     Which, through the power of good, here spreads abroad from thee, diffused through both the worlds, throughout the earth and heaven.
16. The princely worshippers who send to those who sing thy praise, O Agni, guerdon graced with kine and steeds,-
     Lead thou both these and us forward to higher bliss. With brave men in the assembly may we speak aloud.

Mandala 2, Hymn 2.

1. WITH sacrifice exalt Agni who knows all life; worship him ‘with oblation and the song of praise,
     Well kindled, nobly fed; heaven’s Lord, Celestial Priest, who labours at the pole where deeds of might are done.
2. At night and morning, Agni, have they called to thee, like milch-kine in their stalls lowing to meet their young.
     As messenger of heaven thou lightest all night long the families of men. Thou Lord of precious boons.
3. Him have the Gods established at the region’s base, doer of wondrous deeds, Herald of heaven and earth;
     Like a most famous car, Agni the purely bright, like Mitra. to be glorified among the folk.
4. Him have they set in his own dwelling, in the vault, like the Moon waxing, fulgent, in the realm of air.
     Bird of the firmament, observant with his eyes, guard of the place as ‘twere, looking to Gods and men.
5. May he as Priest encompass all the sacrifice. men throng to him with offerings and with hymns of praise.
     Raging with jaws of gold among the growing plants, like heaven with all the stars, he quickens earth and sky.
6. Such as thou art, brilliantly kindled for our weal, a liberal giver, send us riches in thy shine,
     For our advantage, Agni, God, bring Heaven and Earth hither that they may taste oblation brought by man.
7. Agni, give us great wealth, give riches thousandfold. unclose to us, like doors, strength that shall bring renown.
     Make Heaven and Earth propitious through the power of prayer, and like the sky’s bright sheen let mornings beam on us.
8. Enkindled night by night at every morning’s dawn, may he shine forth with red flame like the realm of light,-
     Agni adored in beauteous rites with lauds of men, fair guest of living man and King of all our folk.
9. Song chanted by us men, O Agni, Ancient One, has swelled unto the deathless Gods in lofty heaven-
     A milch-cow yielding to the singer in the rites wealth manifold, in hundreds, even as he wills.
10. Agni, may we show forth our valour with the steed or with the power of prayer beyond all other men;
     And over the Five Races let our glory shine high like the realm of light and unsurpassable.
11. Such, Conqueror! be to us, be worthy of our praise, thou for whom princes nobly born exert themselves;
     Whose sacrifice the strong seek, Agni, when it shines for never-failing offspring in thine own abode.
12. Knower of all that lives, O Agni may we both, singers of praise and chiefs, be in thy keeping still.
     Help us to wealth exceeding good and glorious, abundant, rich in children and their progeny.
13. The princely worshippers who send to those who sing thy praise, O Agni, guerdon, graced with kine and steeds,-
     Lead thou both these and us forward to higher bliss. With brave men in the assembly may we speak aloud.

Mandala 2, Hymn 3.

1. AGNI is set upon the earth well kindled; he standeth in the presence of all beings.
     Wise, ancient, God, the Priest and Purifier, let Agni serve the Gods for he is worthy.
2. May Narasamsa lighting up the chambers, bright in his majesty through threefold heaven,
     Steeping the gift with oil diffusing purpose, bedew the Gods at chiefest time of worship.
3. Adored in heart, as is thy right, O Agni, serve the Gods first to-day before the mortal.
     Bring thou the Marut host. Ye men do worship to Indra seated on the grass, eternal.
4. O Grass divine, increasing, rich in heroes, strewn for wealth’ sake, well laid upon this altar,-
     On this bedewed with oil sit ye, O Vasus, sit all ye Gods, ye Holy, ye Adityas.
5. Wide be the Doors, the Goddesses, thrown open, easy to pass, invoked, through adorations,
     Let them unfold, expansive, everlasting, that sanctify the class famed, rich in heroes.
6. Good work for us, the glorious Night and Morning, like female weavers, waxen from aforetime,
     Yielders of rich milk, interweave in concert the long-extended thread, the web of worship.
7. Let the two heavenly Heralds, first, most wise, most fair, present oblation duly with the sacred verse,
     Worshipping God at ordered seasons decking them at three high places at the centre of the earth.
8. Sarasvati who perfects our devotion, Ila divine, Bharati all surpassing,-
     Three Goddesses, with power inherent, seated, protect this holy Grass, our flawless refuge!
9. Born is the pious hero swift of hearing, like gold in hue, well formed, and full of vigour.
     May Tvastar lengthen our line and kindred, and may they reach the place which Gods inhabit.
10. Vanaspati shall stand anear and start us, and Agni with his arts prepare oblation.
     Let the skilled heavenly Immolator forward unto the Gods the offering thrice anointed.
11. Oil has been mixt: oil is his habitation. In oil he rests: oil is his proper province.
     Come as thy wont is: O thou Steer, rejoice thee; bear off the oblation duly consecrated.

Mandala 2, Hymn 4.

1. FOR you I call theglorious refulgent Agni, the guest of men, rich in oblations
     Whom all must strive to win even as a lover, God among godly people, Jatavedas.
2. Bhrgus who served him in the home of waters set him of old in houses of the living.
     Over all worlds let Agni be the Sovran, the messenger of Gods with rapid coursers.
3. Among the tribes of men the Gods placed Agni as a dear Friend when they would dwell among them.
     Against the longing nights may he shine brightly, and show the offerer in the house his vigour.
4. Sweet is his growth as of one’s own possessions; his look when rushing fain to burn is lovely.
     He darts his tongue forth, like a harnessed courser who shakes his flowing tail, among the bushes.
5. Since they who honour me have praised my greatness,-he gave, as ‘twere, his hue to those who love him.
     Known is he by his bright delightful splendour, and waxing old renews his youth for ever.
6. Like one athirst, he lighteth up the forests; like water down the chariot ways he roareth.
     On his black path he shines in burning beauty, marked as it were the heaven that smiles through vapour.
7. Around, consuming the broad earth, he wanders, free roaming like an ox without a herdsman,-
     Agni refulgent, burning up the bushes, with blackened lines, as though the earth he seasoned.
8. I, in remembrance of thine ancient favour have sung my hymn in this our third assembly.
     O Agni, give us wealth with store of heroes and mighty strength in food and noble offspring.
9. May the Grtsamadas, serving in secret, through thee, O Agni, overcome their neighbours,
     Rich in good heroes and subduing foemen. That vital power give thou to chiefs and singers.

Mandala 2, Hymn 5.

1. HERALD and teacher was he born, a guardian for our patrons’ help,
     Earner by rites of noble wealth. That Strong One may we grasp and guide;
2. In whom, Leader of sacrifice, the seven reins, far extended, meet;
     Who furthers, man-like, eighth in place, as Cleanser, all the work divine.
3. When swift he follows this behest, bird-like he chants the holy prayers.
     He holds all knowledge in his grasp even as the felly rounds the wheel.
4. Together with pure mental power, pure, as Director, was he born.
     Skilled in his own unchanging laws he waxes like the growing boughs.
5. Clothing thern in his hues, the kine of him the Leader wait on him.
     Is he not better than the Three, the Sisters who have come to us?
6. When, laden with the holy oil, the Sitster [sic] by the Mother stands,
     The Priest delights in their approach, as corn at coming of the rain.
7. For his support let him perform as ministrant his priestly task;
     Yea, song of praise and sacrifice: we have bestowed, let us obtain.
8. That so this man well skilled, may pay worship to all the Holy Ones.
     And, Agni, this our sacrifice which wehave here prepared, to thee.

Mandala 2, Hymn 6.

1. AGNI, accept this flaming brand, this waiting with my prayer on thee:
     Hear graciously these songs of praise.
2. With this hymn let us honour thee, seeker of horses, Son of Strength,
     With this fair hymn, thou nobly born.
3. As such, lover of song, with songs, wealth-lover, giver of our wealth!
     With reverence let us worship thee.
4. Be thou for us a liberal Prince, giver and Lord of precious things.
     Drive those who hate us far away.
5. Such as thou art, give rain from heaven, give strength which no man may resist:
     Give food exceeding plentiful.
6. To him who lauds thee, craving help, most youthful envoy! through our song,
     Most holy Herald! come thou nigh.
7. Between both races, Agni, Sage, well skilled thou passest to and fro,
     As envoy friendly to mankind.
8. Befriend us thou as knowing all. Sage, duly worship thou the Gods,
     And seat thee on this sacred grass.

Mandala 2, Hymn 7.

1. VASU, thou most youthful God, Bharata, Agni, bring us wealth,
     Excellent, splendid, much-desired.
2. Let no malignity prevail against us, either God’s or man’s.
     Save us from this and enmity.
3. So through thy favour may we force through all our enemies a way,
     As ‘twere through streaming water-floods.
4. Thou, Purifier Agni, high shinest forth, bright, adorable,
     When worshipped with the sacred oil.
5. Ours art thou, Agni, Bharata, honoured by us with barren cows,
     With bullocks and with kine in calf
6. Wood-fed, bedewed with sacred oil, ancient, Invoker, excellent,
     The Son of Strength, the Wonderful.

Mandala 2, Hymn 8.

1. Now praise, as one who strives for strength, the harnessing of Agni’s car,
     The liberal, the most splendid One;
2. Who, guiding worshippers aright, withers, untouched by age, the foe:
     When worshipped fair to look upon;
3. Who for his glory is extolled at eve and morning in our homes,
     Whose statute is inviolate;
4. Who shines refulgent like the Sun, with brilliance and with fiery flame,
     Decked with imperishable sheen.
5. Him Atri, Agni, have our songs Strengthened according to his sway:
     All glories hath he made his own.
6. May we with Agni’s, Indra’s help, with Soma’s, yea, of all the Gods,
     Uninjured dwell together still, and conquer those who fight with us.

Mandala 2, Hymn 9.

1. ACCUSTOMED to the Herald’s place, the Herald hath seated him, bright, splendid, passing mighty,
     Whose foresight keeps the Law from violation, excellent, pure-tongued, bringing thousands, Agni.
2. Envoy art thou, protector from the foeman, strong God, thou leadest us to higher blessings.
     Refulgent, be an ever-heedful keeper, Agni, for us and for our seed offspring.
3. May we adore thee in thy loftiest birthplace, and, with our praises, in thy lower station.
     The place whence thou issued forth I worship: to thee well kindled have they paid oblations.
4. Agni, best Priest, pay worship with oblation; quickly commend the gift to be presented;
     For thou art Lord of gathered wealth and treasure. of the bright song of praise thou art inventor.
5. The twofold opulence, O Wonder-Worker, of thee new-born each day never decreases.
     Enrich with food the man who lauds thee, Agni: make him the lord of wealth with noble offspring.
6. May he, benevolent with this fair aspect, best sacrificer, bring the Gods to bless us.
     Sure guardian, our protector from the foemen, shine, Agni, with thine affluence and splendour.

Mandala 2, Hymn 10.

1.AGNI, first, loudly calling, like a Father, kindled by man upon the seat of worship.
     Clothed in his glory, deathless, keen of insight, must be adorned by all, the Strong, the Famous.
2. May Agni the resplendent hear my calling through all my songs, Immortal, keen of insight.
     Dark steeds or ruddy draw his car, or carried in sundry ways he makes them red of colour.
3. On wood supine they got the well-formed Infant: a germ in various-fashioned plants was Agni;
     And in the night, not compassed round by darkness, he dwells exceeding wise, with rays of splendour.
4. With oil and sacred gifts I sprinkle Agni who makes his home in front of all things living,
     Broad, vast, through vital power o’er all expanded, conspicuous, strong with all the food that feeds him.
5. I pour to him who looks in all directions: may he accept it with a friendly spirit.
     Agni with bridegroom’s grace and lovely colour may not be touched when all his form is fury.
6. By choice victorious, recognize thy portion: with thee for envoy may we speak like Manu.
     Obtaining wealth, I call on perfect Agni who with an eloquent tongue dispenses sweetness.

Mandala 2, Hymn 11.

1. HEAR thou my call, O Indra; be not heedless: thine may we be for thee to give us treasures;
     For these presented viands, seeking riches, increase thy strength like streams of water flowing.
2. Floods great and many, compassed by the Dragon, thou badest swell and settest free, O Hero.
     Strengthened by songs of praise thou rentest piecemeal the Dasa, him who deemed himself immortal.
3. For, Hero, in the lauds wherein thou joyedst, in hymns of praise, O Indra, songs of Rudras,
     These streams in which is thy delight approach thee, even as the brilliant ones draw near to Vayu.
4. We who add strength to thine own splendid vigour, laying within thine arms the splendid thunder-
     With us mayst thou, O Indra, waxen splendid, with Surya overcome the Dasa races.
5. Hero, thou slewest in thy valour Ahi concealed in depths, mysterious, great enchanter,
     Dwelling enveloped deep within the waters, him who checked heaven and stayed the floods from flowing.
6. Indra, we laud thy great deeds wrought aforetime, we laud thine exploits later of achievement;
     We laud the bolt that in thine arms lies eager; we laud thy two Bay Steeds, heralds of Surya.
7. Indra, thy Bay Steeds showing forth their vigour have sent a loud cry out that droppeth fatness.
     The earth hath spread herself in all her fulness: the cloud that was about to move hath rested.
8. Down, never ceasing, hath the rain-cloud settled: bellowing, it hath wandered with the Mothers.
     Swelling the roar in the far distant limits, they have spread wide the blast sent forth by Indra.
9. Indra hath hurled down the magician Vrtra who lay beleaguering the mighty river.
     Then both the heaven and earth trembled in terror at the strong Hero’s thunder when he bellowed.
10. Loud roared the mighty Hero’s bolt of thunder, when he, the Friend of man, burnt up the monster,
     And, having drunk his fill of flowing Soma, baffled the guileful Danava’s devices.
11. Drink thou, O Hero Indra, drink the Soma; let the joy-giving juices make thee joyful.
     They, filling both thy flanks, shall swell thy vigour. The juice that satisfies hath helped Indra.
12. Singers have we become with thee, O Indra: may we serve duly and prepare devotion.
     Seeking thy help we meditate thy praises: may we at once enjoy thy gift of riches.
13. May we be thine, such by thy help, O Indra, as swell thy vigour while they seek thy favour.
     Give us, thou God, the riches that we long for, most powerful, with stare of noble children.
14. Give us a friend, give us an habitation; Indra, give us the company of Maruts,
     And those whose minds accord with theirs, the Vayus, who drink the first libation of the Soma.
15. Let those enjoy in whom thou art delighted. Indra, drink Soma for thy strength and gladness.
     Thou hast exalted us to heaven, Preserver, in battles, through the lofty hymns that praise thee.
16. Great, verily, are they, O thou Protector, who by their songs of praise have won the blessing.
     They who strew sacred grass to be thy dwelling, helped by thee have got them strength, O Indra.
17. Upon the great Trikadruka days, Hero, rejoicing thee, O Indra, drink the Soma.
     Come with Bay Steeds to drink of libation, shaking the drops from out thy beard, contented.
18. Hero, assume the might wherewith thou clavest Vrtra piecemeal, the Danava Aurnavabha.
     Thou hast disclosed the light to light the Arya: on thy left hand, O Indra, sank the Dasyu.
19. May we gain wealth, subduing with thy succour and with the Arya, all our foes, the Dasyus.
     Our gain was that to Trta of our party thou gavest up Tvastar’s son Visvarupa.
20. He cast down Arbuda what time his vigour was strengthened by libations poured by Trta.
     Indra sent forth his whirling wheel like Surya, and aided by the Angirases rent Vala.
21. Now let that wealthy Cow of thine, O Indra, yield in return a boon to him who lauds thee.
     Give to thy praisers: let not fortune fail us. Loud may we speak, with brave men, in the assembly.

Mandala 2, Hymn 12.

1. HE who, just born, chief God of lofty spirit by power and might became the Gods’ protector,
     Before whose breath through greatness of his valour the two worlds trembled, He, O men, is Indra.
2. He who fixed fast and firm the earth that staggered, and set at rest the agitated mountains,
     Who measured out the air’s wide middle region and gave the heaven support, He, men, is Indra.
3. Who slew the Dragon, freed the Seven Rivers, and drove the kine forth from the cave of Vala,
     Begat the fire between two stones, the spoiler in warriors’ battle, He, O men, is Indra.
4. By whom this universe was made to tremble, who chased away the humbled brood of demons,
     Who, like a gambler gathering his winnings seized the foe’s riches, He, O men, is Indra.
5. Of whom, the Terrible, they ask, Where is He? or verily they say of him, He is not.
     He sweeps away, like birds, the foe’s possessions. Have faith in him, for He, O men, is Indra.
6. Stirrer to action of the poor and lowly, of priest, of suppliant who sings his praises;
     Who, fair-faced, favours him who presses Soma with stones made ready, He, O men, is Indra.
7. He under whose supreme control are horses, all chariots, and the villages, and cattle;
     He who gave being to the Sun and Morning, who leads the waters, He, O men, is Indra.
8. To whom two armies cry in close encounter, both enemies, the stronger and the weaker;
     Whom two invoke upon one chariot mounted, each for himself, He, O ye men, is Indra.
9. Without whose help our people never conquer; whom, battling, they invoke to give them succour;
     He of whom all this world is but the copy, who shakes things moveless, He, O men, is Indra.
10. He who hath smitten, ere they knew their danger, with his hurled weapon many grievous sinners;
     Who pardons not his boldness who provokes him, who slays the Dasyti, He, O men, is Indra.
11. He who discovered in the fortieth autumn Sambara as he dwelt among the mountains;
     Who slew the Dragon putting forth his vigour, the demon lying there, He, men, is Indra.
12. Who with seven guiding reins, the Bull, the Mighty, set free the Seven great Floods to flow at pleasure;
     Who, thunder-armed, rent Rauhina in pieces when scaling heaven, He, O ye men, is Indra.
13. Even the Heaven and Earth bow down before him, before his very breath the mountains tremble.
     Known as the Soma-drinker, armed with thunder, who wields the bolt, He, O ye men, is Indra.
14. Who aids with favour him who pours the Soma and him who brews it, sacrificer, singer.
     Whom prayer exalts, and pouring forth of Soma, and this our gift, He, O ye men, Is Indra.
15. Thou verily art fierce and true who sendest strength to the man who brews and pours libation.
     So may we evermore, thy friends, O Indra, speak loudly to the synod with our heroes.

Mandala 2, Hymn 13.

1. THE Season was the parent, and when born therefrom it entered rapidly the floods wherein it grows.
     Thence was it full of sap, streaming with milky juice: the milk of the plant’s stalk is chief and meet for lauds.
2. They come trooping together bearing milk to him, and bring him sustenance who gives support to all.
     The way is common for the downward streams to flow. Thou who didst these things first art worthy of our lauds.
3. One priest announces what the institutor gives: one, altering the forms, zealously plies his task,
     The third corrects the imperfections left by each. Thou who didst these things first art worthy of our lauds.
4. Dealing out food unto their people there they sit, like wealth to him who comes, more than the back can bear.
     Greedily with his teeth he eats the master’s food. Thou who didst these things first art worthy of our lauds.
5. Thou hast created earth to look upon the sky: thou, slaying Ahi, settest free the river’s paths.
     Thee, such, a God, the Gods have quickened with their lauds, even as a steed with waters: meet for praise art thou.
6. Thou givest increase, thou dealest to us our food: thou milkest from the moist the dry, the rich in sweets.
     Thou by the worshipper layest thy precious store: thou art sole Lord of all. Meet for our praise art thou.
7. Thou who hast spread abroad the streams by stablished law, and in the field the plants that blossom and bear seed;
     Thou who hast made the matchless lightnings of the sky,-vast, compassing vast realms, meet for our praise art thou.
8. Who broughtest Narmara with all his wealth, for sake of food, to slay him that the fiends might be destroyed,
     Broughtest the face unclouded of the strengthening one, performing much even now, worthy art thou of praise.
9. Thou boundest up the Dasa’s hundred friends and ten, when, at one’s hearing, thou belpest thy worshipper.
     Thou for Dabhiti boundest Dasyus not with cords; Thou wast a mighty help. Worthy of lauds art thou.
10. All banks of rivers yielded to his manly might; to him they gave, to him, the Strong, gave up their wealth.
     The six directions hast thou fixed, a five-fold view: thy victories reached afar. Worthy of lauds art thou.
11. Meet for high praise, O Hero, is thy power, that with thy single wisdom thou obtainest wealth,
     The life-support of conquering Jatusthira. Indra, for all thy deeds, worthy of lauds art thou.
12. Thou for Turviti heldest still the flowing floods, the river-stream for Vayya easily to pass
     Didst raise the outcast from the depths, and gavest fame unto the halt and blind. Worthy of lauds art thou.
13. Prepare thyself to grant us that great bounty, O Vasu, for abundant is thy treasure.
     Snatch up the wonderful, O Indra, daily. Loud may we speak, with heroes, in assembly.

Mandala 2, Hymn 14.

1. MINISTERS, bring the Soma juice for Indra, pour forth the gladdening liquor with the beakers.logeth ever
     To drink of this the Hero offer it to the Bull, for this he willeth.
2. Ye ministers, to him who with the lightning smote, like a tree, the rain-withholding Vrtra-
     Bring it to him, him who is fain to taste it, a draught of this which Indra here deserveth.
3. Ye ministers, to him who smote Drhhikas who drove the kine forth, and discovered Vala,
     Offer this draught, like Vita in the region: clothe him with Soma even as steeds with trappings.
4. Him who did Urana to death, Adhvaryus! though showing arms ninety-and-nine in number;
     Who cast down headlong Arbuda and slew him,-speed ye that Indra to our offered Soma.
5. Ye ministers, to him who struck down Svasna, and did to death Vyamsa and greedy Susna,
     And Rudhikras and Namuci and Pipru,- to him, to Indra, pour ye forth libation.
6. Ye ministers, to him who as with thunder demolished Sambara’s hundred ancient castles;
     Who cast down Varcin’s sons, a hundred thousand,-to him, to Indra, offer ye the Soma.
7. Ye ministers, to him who slew a hundred thousand, and cast them down upon earth’s bosom;
     Who quelled the valiant men of Atithigva, Kutsa, and Ayu,-bring to him the Soma.
8. Ministers, men, whatever thing ye long for obtain ye quickly bringing gifts to Indra.
     Bring to the Glorious One what bands have cleansed; to Indra bring, ye pious ones, the Soma.
9. Do ye, O ministers, obey his order: that purified in wood, in wood uplift ye.
     Well pleased he longs for what your hands have tended: offer the gladdening Soma juice to Indra.
10. As the cow’s udder teems with milk, Adhvaryus, so fill with Soma Indra, liberal giver.
     I know him: I am sure of this, the Holy knows that I fain would give to him more largely.
11. Him, ministers, the Lord of heavenly treasure and all terrestrial wealth that earth possesses,
     Him, Indra, fill with Soma as a garner is filled with barley full: be this your labour.
12. Prepare thyself to grant us that great booty, O Vasu, for abundant is thy treasure.
     Gather up wondrous wealth, O Indra, daily. Loud may we speak, with heroes, in assembly.

Mandala 2, Hymn 15.

1. Now, verily, will I declare the exploits, mighty and true, of him the True and Mighty.
     In the Trikadrukas he drank the Soma then in its rapture Indra slew the Dragon.
2. High heaven unsupported in space he stablished: he filled the two worlds and the air’s mid-region.
     Earth he upheld, and gave it wide expansion. These things did Indra in the Soma’s rapture.
3. From front, as ‘twere a house, he ruled and measured; pierced with his bolt the fountains of the rivers,
     And made them flow at ease by paths far-reaching, These things did Indra in the Soma’s rapture.
4. Compassing those who bore away Dabhiti, in kindled fire he burnt up all their weapons.
     And made him rich with kine and cars and horses. These things did Indra in the Soma’s rapture.
5. The mighty roaring flood he stayed from flowing, and carried those who swam not safely over.
     They having crossed the stream attained to riches. These things did Indra in the Soma’s rapture.
6. With mighty power he made the stream flow upward, crushed with his thunderbolt the car of Usas,
     Rending her slow steeds with his rapid coursers. These things did Indra in the Soma’s rapture.
7. Knowing the place wherein the maids were hiding, the outcast showed himself and stood before them.
     The cripple stood erect, the blind beheld them. These things did Indra in the Soma’s rapture.
8. Praised by the Angirases he slaughtered Vala, and burst apart the bulwarks of the mountain.
     He tore away their deftly-built defences. These things did Indra in the Soma’s rapture.
9. Thou, with sleep whelming Cumuri and Dhuni, slewest the Dasyu, keptest safe Dabhiti.
     There the staff-bearer found the golden treasure. These things did Indra in the Soma’s rapture.
10. Now let that wealthy Cow of thine, O Indra , yield in return a boon to him who lauds thee.
     Give to thy praisers: let not fortune fail us. Loud may we speak, with brave men, in assembly.

Mandala 2, Hymn 16.

1. To him, your own, the best among the good, I bring eulogy, like oblation in the kindled fire.
     We invocate for help Indra untouched by eld, who maketh all decay, strengthened, for ever young.
2. Without whom naught exists, Indra the Lofty One; in whom alone all powers heroic are combined.
     The Soma is within him, in his frame vast strength, the thunder in his hand and wisdom in his head.
3. Not by both worlds is thine own power to be surpassed, nor may thy car be stayed by mountains or by seas.
     None cometh near, O Indra, to thy thunderbolt, when with swift steeds thou fliest over many a league.
4. For all men bring their will to him the Resolute, to him the Holy One, to him the Strong they cleave.
     Pay worship with oblation, strong and passing wise. Drink thou the Soma, Indra, through the mighty blaze.
5. The vessel of the strong flows forth, the flood of meath, unto the Strong who feeds upon the strong, for drink,
     Strong are the two Adhvaryus, strong are both the stones. They press the Soma that is strong for him the Strong.
6. Strong is thy thunderbolt, yea, and thy car is strong; strong are thy Bay Steeds and thy weapons powerful.
     Thou, Indra, Bull, art Lord of the strong gladdening drink. with the strong Soma, Indra, satisfy thyself.
7. I, bold by prayer, come near thee in thy sacred rites, thee like a saving ship, thee shouting in the war.
     Verily he will hear and mark this word of ours: we will pour Indra forth as ‘twere a spring of wealth.
8. Turn thee unto us ere calamity come nigh, as a cow full of pasture turns her to her calf.
     Lord of a Hundred Powers, may we once firmly cling to thy fair favours even as husbands to their wives.
9. Now let that wealthy Cow of thine, O Indra, yield in return a boon to him who lauds thee.
     Give to thy praisers: let not fortune fail us. Loud may we speak, with heroes, in assembly.

Mandala 2, Hymn 17.

1. LIKE the Angirases, sing this new song forth to him, for, as in ancient days, his mighty powers are shown,
     When in the rapture of the Soma he unclosed with strength the solid firm-shut stables of the kine.
2. Let him be even that God who, for the earliest draught measuring out his power, increased his majesty;
     Hero who fortified his body in the wars, and through his greatness set the heaven upon his head.
3. Thou didst perform thy first great deed of hero might what time thou showedst power, through prayer, before this folk.
     Hurled down by thee the car-borne Lord of Tawny Steeds, the congregated swift ones fled in sundry ways.
4. He made himself by might Lord of all living things, and strong in vital power waxed great above them all.
     He, borne on high, o’erspread with light the heaven and earth, and, sewing up the turbid darkness, closed it in.
5. He with his might made firm the forward-bending hills, the downward rushing of the waters he ordained.
     Fast he upheld the earth that nourisheth all life, and stayed the heaven from falling by his wondrous skill.
6. Fit for the grasping of his arms is what the Sire hath fabricated from all kind of precious wealth.
     The thunderbolt, wherewith, loud-roaring, he smote down, and striking him to death laid Krivi on the earth.
7. As she who in her parents’ house is growing old, I pray to thee as Bhaga from the seat of all.
     Grant knowledge, mete it out and bring it to us here: give us the share wherewith thou makest people glad.
8. May we invoke thee as a liberal giver thou givest us, O Indra, strength and labours.
     Help us with manifold assistance, Indra: Migthy One, Indra, make us yet more wealthy.
9. Now may that weaithy Cow of thine, O Indra, give in return a boon to him who lauds thee.
     Give to thy praisers: let not fortune fail us. Loud may we speak, with heroes, in assembly.

Mandala 2, Hymn 18.

1. THE rich new car hath been equipped at morning; four yokes it hath, three whips, seven reins to guide it:
     Ten-sided, friendly to mankind, light-winner, that must be urged to speed with prayers and wishes.
2. This is prepared for him the first, the second, and the third time: he is man’s Priest and Herald.
     Others get offspring of another parent he goeth, as a noble Bull, with others.
3. To Indra’s car the Bay Steeds have I harnessed, that new well-spoken words may bring him hither.
     Here let not other worshippers detain thee, for among us are many holy singers.
4. Indra, come hitherward with two Bay Coursers, come thou with four, with six when invocated.
     Come thou with eight, with ten, to drink the Soma. Here is the juice, brave Warrior: do not scorn it.
5. O Indra, come thou hither having harnessed thy car with twenty, thirty, forty horses.
     Come thou with fifty well trained coursers, Indra, sixty or seventy, to drink the Soma.
6. Come to us hitherward, O Indra, carried by eighty, ninety, or an hundred horses.
     This Soma juice among the Sunahotras hath been poured out, in love, to glad thee, Indra.
7. To this my prayer, O Indra, come thou hither: bind to thy car’s pole all thy two Bay Coursers.
     Thou art to be invoked in many places Hero, rejoice thyself in this libation.
8. Ne’er be my love from Indra disunited still may his liberal Milch-cow yield us treasure.
     So may we under his supreme protection, safe in his arms, succeed in each forth-going.
9. Now may that wealthy Cow Of thine, O Indra, give in return a boon to him who lauds thee.
     Give to thy praisers: let not fortune fail us. Loud may we speak, with heroes, in assembly.

Mandala 2, Hymn 19.

1. DRAUGHTS of this sweet juice have been drunk for rapture, of the wise Soma-presser’s offered dainty,
     Wherein, grown mighty in the days aforetime, Indra hath found delight, and men who worship.
2. Cheered by this meath Indra, whose hand wields thunder, rent piecemeal Ahi who barred up the waters,
     So that the quickening currents of the rivers flowed forth like birds unto their resting-places.
3. Indra, this Mighty One, the Dragon’s slayer, sent forth the flood of waters to the ocean.
     He gave the Sun his life, he found the cattle, and with the night the works of days completed.
4. To him who worshippeth hath Indra given many and matchless gifts. He slayeth Vrtra.
     Straight was he to be sought with supplications by men who struggled to obtain the sunlight.
5. To him who poured him gifts he gave up Surya,-Indra, the God, the Mighty, to the mortal;
     For Etasa with worship brought him riches that keep distress afar, as ‘twere his portion.
6. Once to the driver of his chariot, Kutsa, he gave up greedy Surya, plague of harvest;
     And Indra, for the sake of Divodasa demolished Sambara’s nine-and-ninety castles.
7. So have we brought our hymn to thee, O Indra, strengthening thee and fain ourselves for glory.
     May we with best endeavours gain this friendship, and mayst thou bend the godless scorner’s weapons.
8. Thus the Grtsamadas for thee, O Hero, have wrought their hymn and task as seeking favour.
     May they who worship thee afresh, O Indra, gain food and strength, bliss, and a happy dwelling.
9. Now may that wealthy Cow of thine, O Indra, give in return a boon to him who lauds thee,
     Give to thy praisers: let not fortune fail us. Loud may we speak, with heroes, in assembly.

Mandala 2, Hymn 20.

1. As one brings forth his car when fain for combat, so bring we power to thee- regard us, Indra-
     Well skilled in song, thoughtful in spirit, seeking great bliss from one like thee amid the Heroes.
2. Indra, thou art our own with thy protection, a guardian near to men who love thee truly,
     Active art thou, the liberal man’s defender, his who draws near to thee with right devotion.
3. May Indra, called with solemn invocations. the young, the Friend, be men’s auspicious keeper,
     One who will further with his aid the singer, the toiler, praiser, dresser of oblations.
4. With laud and song let me extol that Indra in whom of old men prospered and were mighty.
     May he, implored, fulfil the prayer for plenty of him who worships, of the living mortal.
5. He, Indra whom the Angirases’ praise delighted, strengthened their prayer and made their goings prosper.
     Stealing away the mornings with the sunlight, he, lauded, crushed even Asna’s ancient powers.
6. He verily, the God, the glorious Indra, hath raised him up for man, best Wonder-Worker.
     He, self-reliant, mighty and triumphant, brought low the dear head of the wicked Dasa.
7. Indra theVrtra-slayer, Fort-destroyer, scattered the Dasa hosts who dwelt in darkness.
     For men hath he created earth and waters, and ever helped the prayer of him who worships.
8. To him in might the Gods have ever yielded, to Indra in the tumult of thebattle.
     When in his arms they laid the bolt, he slaughtered the Dasyus and cast down their forts of iron.
9. Now may that wealthy Cow of thine, O Indra, give in return a boon to him who lauds thee.
     Give to thy praisers: let not fortune fail us. Loud may we speak, with heroes, in assembly.

Mandala 2, Hymn 21.

1. To him the Lord of all, the Lord of wealth, of light; him who is Lord for ever, Lord of men and tilth,
     Him who is Lord of horses, Lord of kine,of floods, to Indra, to the Holy bring sweet Soma juice.
2. To him the potent One, who conquers and breaks down, the Victor never vanquished who disposes all,
     The migbty-voiced, the rider, unassailable, to Indra everconquering speak your reverent prayer.
3. Still Victor, loved by mortals, ruler over men, o’erthrower, warrior, he hath waxen as he would;
     Host-gatherer, triumphant, honoured mid the folk. Indra’s heroic deeds will I tell forth to all.
4. The strong who never yields, who slew the furious fiend, the deep, the vast, of wisdom unattainable;
     Who speeds the good, the breaker-down, the firm, the vast,-Indra whose rites bring joy hath made the light of Dawn.
5. By sacrifice the yearning sages sending forth their songs found furtherance from him who speeds the flood.
     In Indra seeking help with worship and with hymn, they drew him to themselves and won them kine and wealth.
6. Indra, bestow on us the best of treasures, the spirit of ability and fortune;
     Increase of riches, safety of our bodies, charm of sweet speech, and days of pleasant weather.

Mandala 2, Hymn 22.

I. At the Trikadrukas the Great and Strong hath drunk drink blent with meal. With Visnu hath he quaffed the poured out Soma juice, all that he would.
     That hath so heightened him the Great, the Wide, to do his mighty work.
     So may the God attain the God, true Indu Indra who is true.
2. So he resplendent in the battle overcame Krivi by might. He with his majesty hath filled the earth and heaven, and waxen strong.
     One share of the libation hath he swallowed down: one share he left.
     So may the God attend the God, true Indu Indra who is true.
3. Brought forth together with wisdom and mighty power thou grewest great; with hero deeds subduing the malevolent, most swift in act;
     Giving prosperity, and lovely wealth to him who praiseth thee. So may the God attend the God, true Indu Indra who is true.
4. This, Indra, was thy hero deed, Dancer, thy first and ancient work, worthy to be told forth in heaven,
     What time thou sentest down life with a God’s own power, freeing the floods.
     All that is godless may he conquer with his might, and, Lord of Hundred Powers, find for us strength and food.

Mandala 2, Hymn 23.

1. WE call thee, Lord and Leader of the heavenly hosts, the wise among the wise, the famousest of all,
     The King supreme of prayers, O Brahmanaspati: hear us with help; sit down in place of sacrifice.
2. Brhaspati, God immortal! verily the Gods have gained from thee, the wise, a share in holy rites.
     As with great light the Sun brings forth the rays of morn, so thou alone art Father of all sacred prayer.
3. When thou hast chased away revilers and the gloom, thou mountest the refulgent car of sacrifice;
     The awful car, Brhaspati, that quells the foe, slays demons, cleaves the stall of kine, and finds the light.
4. Thou leadest with good guidance and preservest men; distress o’ertakes not him who offers gifts to thee.
     Him who hates prayer thou punishest, Brhaspati, quelling his wrath: herein is thy great mightiness.
5. No sorrow, no distress from any side, no foes, no creatures double-tongued have overcome the man,-
     Thou drivest all seductive fiends away from him whom, careful guard, thou keepest Brahmanaspati.
6. Thou art our keeper, wise, preparer of our paths: we, for thy service, sing to thee with hymns of praise.
     Brhaspati, whoever lays a snare for us, him may his evil fate, precipitate, destroy.
7. Him, too, who threatens us without offence of ours, the evilminded, arrogant, rapacious man,-
     Him turn thou from our path away, Brhaspati: give us fair access to this banquet of the Gods.
8. Thee as protector of our bodies we invoke, thee, saviour, as the comforter who loveth us.
     Strike, O Brhaspati, the Gods’ revilers down, and let not the unrighteous come to highest bliss.
9. Through thee, kind -prosperer, O Brahmanaspati, may we obtain the wealth of Men which all desire:
     And all our enemies, who near or far away prevail against us, crush, and leave them destitute.
10. With thee as our own rich and liberal ally may we, Brhaspati, gain highest power of life.
     Let not the guileful wicked man be lord of us:-still may we prosper, singing goodly hymns of praise.
11. Strong, never yielding, hastening to the battle-cry, consumer of the foe, victorious in the strife,
     Thou art sin’s true avenger, Brahmanaspati, who tamest e’en the fierce, the wildly passionate.
12. Whoso with mind ungodly seeks to do us harm, who, deeming him a man of might mid lords, would slay,-
     Let not his deadly blow reach us, Brhaspati; may we humiliate the strong ill-doer’s wrath.
13. The mover mid the spoil, the winner of all wealth, to be invoked in fight and reverently adored,
     Brhaspati hath overthrown like cars of war all wicked enemies who fain would injure us.
14. Burn up the demons with thy fiercest flaming brand, those who have scorned thee in thy manifested might.
     Show forth that power that shall deserve the hymn of praise: destroy the evil speakers, O Brhaspati.
15. Brhaspati, that which the foe deserves not which shines among the folk effectual, splendid,
     That, Son of Law I which is with might refulgent-that treasure wonderful bestow thou on us.
16. Give us not up to those who, foes in ambuscade, are greedy for the wealth of him who sits at ease,
     Who cherish in their heart abandonment of Gods. Brhaspati, no further rest shall they obtain.
17. For Tvastar, he who knows each sacred song, brought thee to life, preeminent o’er all the things that be.
     Guilt-scourger, guilt-avenger is Brhaspati, who slays the spoiler and upholds the mighty Law.
18. The mountain, for thy glory, cleft itself apart when, Angiras! thou openedst the stall of kine.
     Thoul O Brhaspati, with Indra for ally didst hurl down water-floods which gloom had compa-sed round.
19. O Brahmanaspati, be thou controller of this our hymn and prosper thou our children.
     All that the Gods regard with love is blessed. Loud may we speak, with heroes, in assembly.

Mandala 2, Hymn 24.

1. BE pleased with this our offering, thou who art the Lord; we will adore thee with this new and mighty song.
     As this thy friend, our liberal patron, praises thee, do thou, Brhaspati, fulfil our hearts’ desire.
2. He who with might bowed down the things that should be bowed, and in his fury rent the holds of Sambara:
     Who overthrew what shook not, Brahmapaspati,-he made his way within the mountain stored with wealth.
3. That was a great deed for the Godliest of the Gods: strong things were loosened and the firmly fixed gave way.
     He drave the kine forth and cleft Vala through by prayer, dispelled the darkness and displayed the light of heaven.
4. The well with mouth of stone that poured a flood of meath, which Brahmapaspati hath opened with his might-
     All they who see the light have drunk their fill thereat: together they have made the watery fount flow forth.
5. Ancient will be those creatures, whatsoe’er they be; with moons, with autumns, doors unclose themselves to you.
     Effortless they pass on to perfect this and that, appointed works which Brahmanaspati ordained.
6. They who with much endeavour searching round obtained the Panis’ noblest treasure hidden in the cave,-
     Those sages, having marked the falsehoods, turned them back whence they had come, and sought again to enter in.
7. The pious ones when they had seen the falsehoods turned them back, the sages stood again upon the lofty ways.
     Cast down with both their arms upon the rock they left the kindled fire, and said, No enemy is he.
8. With his swift bow, strung truly, Brahmanaspati reaches the mark whate’er it be that he desires.
     Excellent are the arrows wherewithal he shoots, keen-eyed to look on men and springing from his ear.
9. He brings together and he parts, the great High Priest; extolled is he, in battle Brahmapaspati.
     When, gracious, for the hymn he brings forth food and wealth, the glowing Sun untroubled sends forth fervent heat.
10. First and preeminent, excelling all besides are the kind gifts of liberal Brhaspati.
     These are the boons of him the Strong who should be loved, whereby both classes and the people have delight.
11. Thou who in every way supreme in earthly power, rejoicing, by thy mighty strength hast waxen great,-
     He is the God spread forth in breadth against the Gods: he, Brahmanaspati, encompasseth this All.
12. From you, twain Maghavans, all truth proceedeth: even the waters break not your commandment.
     Come to us, Brahmanaspati and Indra, to our oblation Iiie yoked steeds to fodder.
13. The sacrificial flames most swiftly hear the call: the priest of the assembly gaineth wealth for hymns.
     Hating the stern, remitting at his will the debt, strong in the shock of fight is Brahmanaspati.
14. The wrath of Brahmanaspati according to his will had full effect when he would do a mighty deed.
     The kine he drave forth and distributed to heaven, even as a copious flood with strength flows sundry ways.
15. O Brahmanaspati, may we be evermore masters of wealth well-guided, full of vital strength.
     Heroes on heroes send abundantly to us, when thou omnipotent through prayer seekest my call.
16. O Brahmanaspati, be thou controller of this our hymn, and prosper thou our children.
     All that the Gods regard with love is blessed. Loud may we speak, with heroes, in assembly.

Mandala 2, Hymn 25.

1. HE lighting up the flame shall conquer enemies: strong shall he be who offers prayer and brings his gift.
     He with his seed spreads forth beyond another’s seed, whomever Brahmanaspati takes for his friend.
2. With heroes he shall overcome his hero foes, and spread his wealth by kine wise by himself is be.
     His children and his children’s children
     grow in strength, whomever Brahmanaspati takes for his friend.
3. He, mighty like a raving river’s billowy flood, as a bull conquers oxen, overcomes with strength.
     Like Agni’s blazing rush he may not be restrained, whomever Brahmanaspati takes for his friend.
4. For him the floods of heaven flow never failing down: first with the heroes he goes forth to war for kine.
     He slays in unabated vigour with great might, whomever Brahmanaspati takes for his friend.
5. All roaring rivers pour their waters down for him, and many a flawless shelter hath been granted him.
     Blest with the happiness of Gods he prospers well, whomever Brahmanaspati takes for his friend.

Mandala 2, Hymn 26.

1. THE righteous singer shall o’ercome his enemies, and he who serves the Gods subdue the godless man.
     The zealous man shall vanquish the invincible, the worshipper share the food of him who worships not.
2. Worship, thou hero, chase the arrogant afar: put on auspicious courage for the fight with foes.
     Prepare oblation so that thou mayst have success. we crave the favouring help of Brahmanaspati.
3. He with his folk, his house, his family, his sons, gains booty for himself, and, with the heroes, wealth,believing
     Who with oblation and a true heart serves Brahmanaspati the Father of the Gods.
4. Whoso hath honoured him with offerings rich in oil, him Brahmanaspati leads forward on his way,
     Saves him from sorrow, frees him from his enemy, and is his wonderful deliverer from woe.

Mandala 2, Hymn 27.

1. THESE hymns that drop down fatness, with the ladle I ever offer tothe Kings Adityas.
     May Mitra, Aryanian, and Bhaga hear us, the mighty Varuna Daksa, and Amsa.
2. With one accord may Aryaman and Mitra and Varuna this day accept this praise-song-
     Adityas bright and pure as streams of water, free from all guile and falsehood, blameless, perfect.
3. These Gods, Adityas, vast, profound, and faithful, with many eyes, fain to deceive the wicked,
     Looking within behold the good and evil near to the Kings is even the thing most distant.
4. Upholding that which moves and that which moves not, Adityas, Gods, protectors of all being,
     Provident, guarding well the world of spirits, true to eternal Law, the debt-exactors.
5. May I, Adityas, share m this your favour which, Aryaman, brings profit e’en in danger.
     Under your guidance, Varuna and Mitra, round troubles may I pass, like rugged places.
6. Smooth is your path, O Aryaman and Mitra; excellent is it, Varuna, and thornless.
     Thereon, Adityas, send us down your blessing: grant us a shelter hard to be demolished.
7. Mother of Kings, may Aditi transport us, by fair paths Aryaman, beyond all hatred.
     May we uninjured, girt by many heroes, win Varuna’s and Mitra’s high protection.
8. With their support they stay three earths, three heavens; three are their functions in the Gods’ assembly.
     Mighty through Law, Adityas, is your greatness; fair is it, Aryaman, Varuna, and Mitra.
9. Golden and splendid, pure like streams of water, they hold aloft the three bright heavenly regions.
     Ne’er do they slumber, never close their eyelids, faithful, far-ruling for the righteous mortal.
10. Thou over all, O Varuna, art Sovran, be they Gods, Asura! or be they mortals.
     Grant unto us to see a hundred autumns ours be the blest long lives of our forefathers.
11. Neither the right nor left do I distinguish, neither the cast nor yet the west, Adityas.
     Simple and guided by your wisdom, Vasus!
     may I attain the light that brings no danger.
12. He who bears gifts unto the Kings, true Leaders, he whom their everlasting blessings prosper,
     Moves with his chariot first in rank and wealthy, munificent and lauded in assemblies.
13. Pure, faithful, very strong, with heroes round him, he dwells beside the waters rich with pasture.
     None slays, from near at hand or from a distance, him who is under the Adityas’ guidance.
14. Aditi, Mitra, Varuna, forgive us however we have erred and sinned against you.
     May I obtain the broad light free from peril: O Indra, let not during darkness seize us.
15. For him the Twain united pour their fulness, the rain from heaven: he thrives most highly favoured.
     He goes to war mastering both the mansions: to him both portions of the world are gracious.
16. Your guiles, ye Holy Ones, to quell oppressors, your snares spread out against the foe, Adityas,
     May I car-borne pass like a skilful horseman: uninjured may we dwell in spacious shelter.
17. May1 not live, O Varuna, to witness my wealthy, liberal, dear friend’s destitution.
     King, may1 never lack well-ordered riches. Lond may we speak, with heroes, in assembly.

Mandala 2, Hymn 28.

1. THIS laud of the self-radiant wise Aditya shall be supreme o’er all that is in greatness.
1. beg renown of Varuna the Mighty, the God exceeding kind to him who worships.
2, Having extolled thee. Varuna, with thoughtful care may we have high fortune in thy service,
     Sinffing thy praises like the fires at coming, day after day, of mornings rich in cattle.
3. May we be in thy keeping, O thou Leader wide-ruling Varuna, Lord of many heroes.
     O sons of Aditi, for ever faithful, pardon us, Gods, admit us to your friendship.
4. He made them flow, the Aditya, the Sustainer: the rivers run by Varuna’s commandment.
     These feel no weariness, nor cease from flowing: swift have they flown like birds in air around us.
5. Loose me from sin as from a bond that binds me: may we swell, Varuna, thy spring of Order.
     Let not my thread, while I weave song, be severed, nor my work’s sum, before the time, be shattered.
6. Far from me, Varuna, remove all danger accept me graciously, thou Holy Sovran.
     Cast off, like cords that hold a calf, my troubles: I am not even mine eyelid’s lord without thee.
7. Strike us not, Varuna, with those dread weapons which, Asura, at thy bidding wound the sinner.
     Let us not pass away from light to exile. Scatter, that we may live, the men who hate us
8. O mighty Varuna, now and hereafter, even as of old, will we speak forth our worship.
     For in thyself, invincible God, thy statutes neÃƒÂ¢Ã‚â‚¬Ã‚â„¢er to be moved are fixed as on a mountain.
9. Move far from me what sins I have committed: let me not suffer, King, for guilt of others.
     Full many a morn remains to dawn upon us: in these, O Varuna, while we live direct us.
10. O King, whoever, be he friend or kinsman, hath threatened me affrighted in my slumber-
     If any wolf or robber fain would harm us, therefrom, O Varuna, give thou us protection.
11May I not live O Varuna, to witness my wealthy, liberal dear friend’s destitution.
     King, may I never lack well-ordered riches. Loud may we speak, with heroes, in assembly.

Mandala 2, Hymn 29.

I. UPHOLDERS of the Law, ye strong Adityas, remove my sin like her who bears in secret.
     You, Varuna, Mitra and all Gods who listen, I call to help me, I who know your goodness.
2. Ye, Gods, are providence and ye are power: remove ye utterly all those who hate us.
     As givers of good things deal with us kindly: this day be gracious to us and hereafter.
3. What service may we do you with our future, what service, Vasus, with our ancient friendship?
     O Aditi, and VaruVa and Mitra, Indra and Maruts, make us well and happy.
4. Ye, O ye Gods, are verily our kinsmen as such be kind to me who now implore you.
     Let not your car come slowly to our worship: of kinsmen such as you ne’er let us weary.
5. I singly have sinned many a sin against you, and ye chastised me as a sire the gambler.
     Far be your nets, far, Gods, be mine offences: seize me not like a bird upon her offspring.
6. Turn yourselves hitherward this day, ye Holy, that fearing in my heart I may approach you.
     Protect us, God; let not the wolf destroy us. Save us, ye Holy, from the pit and falling.
7. May I not live, O Varuna, to witness my wealthy, liberal, dear friend’s destitution.
     King, may I never lack well-ordered riches. Loud may we speak, with heroes, in assembly.

Mandala 2, Hymn 30.

1. THE streams unceasing flow to Indra, slayer of Ahi, Savitar, God, Law’s fulfiller,
     Day after day goes on the sheen of waters. What time hath past since they were first set flowing?
2. His Mother-for she knew-spake and proclaimed him who was about to cast his bolt at Vrtra.
     Cutting their paths according to his pleasure day after day flow to their goal the rivers.
3. Aloft he stood above the airy region, and against Vrtra shot his deadly missile.
     Enveloped in a cloud he rushed upon him. Indra subdued the foe with sharpened weapons.
4. As with a bolt, Brhaspati, fiercely flaming, pierce thou Vrkadvaras’, the Asura’s, heroes.
     Even as in time of old with might thou slewest, so slay even now our enemy, O Indra.
5. Cast down from heaven on high thy bolt of thunder wherewith in joy thou smitest dead the foeman.
     For gain of children make us thine, O Indra, of many children’s children and of cattle.
6. Whomso ye love, his power ye aid and strengthen; ye Twain are the rich worshipper’s advancers.
     Graciously favour us, Indra and Soma; give us firm standing in this time of danger.
7. Let it not vex me, tire me, make me slothful, and never let us say, Press not the Soma;
     For him who cares for me, gives gifts, supports me, who comes with kine to me who pour libations.
8. Sarasvati, protect us: with the Maruts allied thou boldly conquerest our foemen,
     While Indra does to death the daring chieftain of Sandikas exulting in his prowess.
9. Him who waylays, yea, him who would destroy us,-aim at him, pierce him with thy sharpened weapon.
     Brhaspati, with arms thou slayest foemen O King, give up the spoiler to destruction.
10. Perform, O Hero, with our valiant heroes the deeds heroic which thou hast to finish.
     Long have they been inflated with presumption: slay them, and bring us hither their possessions.
11. I craving joy address with hymn and homage your heavenly host, the company of Maruts,
     That we may gain wealth with full store of heroes, each day more famous, and with troops of children.

Mandala 2, Hymn 31.

1. HELP, Varuna and Mitra, O ye Twain allied with Vasus, Rudras, and Adityas, help our car,
     That, as the wild birds of the forest from their home, our horses may fly forth, glad, eager for renown.
2. Yea, now ye Gods of one accord speed on our car what time among the folk it seeks an act of might;
     When, hasting through the region with the stamp of hoofs, our swift steeds trample on the ridges of the earth.
3. Or may our Indra here, the Friend of all mankind, coming from heaven, most.wise, girt by the Marut host,
     Accompany, with aid untroubled by a foe, our car to mighty gain, to win the meed of strength.
4. Or may this Tvastar, God who rules the world with power, one-minded with the Goddesses speed forth our car;
     Ila and Bhaga the celestial, Earth and Heaven, Pusan, Purandhi, and the Asvins, ruling Lords.
5. Or, seen alternate, those two blessed Goddesses, Morning and Night who stir all living things to act:
     While with my newest song I praise you both, O Earth, that from what moves not ye may spread forth threefold food.
6. Your blessing as a boon for suppliants we desire: the Dragon of the Deep, and Aja-Ekapad,
     Trita, Rbhuksan, Savitar shall joy in us, and ihe Floods’ swift Child in our worship and our prayer.
7. These earnest prayers I pray to you, ye Holy: to pay you honour, living men have formed them,
     Men fain to win the prize and glory. May they win, as a car-horse might the goal, your notice.

Mandala 2, Hymn 32.

1. GRACIOUSLY further, O ye Heaven and Earth, this speech striving to win reward, of me your worshipper.
     First rank I give to you, Immortal, high extolled! I, fain to win me wealth, to you the migbty Pair.
2. Let not man’s guile annoy us, secret or by day: give not us up a prey to these calamities.
     Sever not thou our friendship: think thereon for us. This, with a heart that longs for bliss, we seek from thee.
3. Bring hither with benignant mind the willing Cow teeming with plenteous milk, full, inexhaustible.
     O thou invoked by many, day by day I urge thee with my word, a charger rapid in his tread.
4. With eulogy I call on Raka swift to hear may she, auspicious, hear us, and herself observe.
     With never-breaking needle may she sew her work, and give a hero son most wealthy, meet for praise.
5. All thy kind thoughts, O Raka, lovely in their form, wherewith thou grantest wealth to him who offers gifts-
     With these come thou to us this day benevolent, O Blessed One, bestowing food of thousand sorts.
6. O broad-tressed Sinivali, thou who art the Sister of the Gods,
     Accept the offered sacrifice, and, Goddess, grant us progeny.
7. With lovely fingers, lovely arms, prolific Mother of many sons-
     Present the sacred gifts to her, to Sinlivali Queen of men.
8. Her, Sinivali, her, Gungu, her, Raka, her, Sarasvati, Indrani to mine aid I call, and Vartunani for my weal.

Mandala 2, Hymn 33.

1. FATHER of Maruts, let thy bliss approach us: exclude us not from looking on the sunlight.
     Gracious to our fleet courser be the Hero may we transplant us, Rudra, in our children.
2. With the most saving medicines which thou givest, Rudra, may I attain a hundred winters.
     Far from us banish enmity and hatred, and to all quarters maladies and trouble.
3. Chief of all born art thou in glory, Rudra, armed with the thunder, mightiest of the mighty.
     Transport us over trouble to well-being repel thou from us all assaults of mis. chief.
4. Let us not anger thee with worship, Rudra, ill praise, Strong God! or mingled invocation.
     Do thou with strengthening balms incite our heroes: I hear thee famed as best of all physicians.
5. May I with praise-songs win that Rudra’s favour who is adored with gifts and invocations.
     Ne’er may the tawny God, fair-checked, and gracious, swifthearing, yield us to this evil purpose.
6. The Strong, begirt by Maruts, hath refreshed me, with most invigorating food, imploring.
     As he who finds a shade in fervent sunlight may I, uninjured, win the bliss of Rudra.
7. Where is that gracious hand of thine, O Rudra, the hand that giveth health and bringeth comfort,
     Remover of the woe that Gods have sent us? O Strong One, look thou on me with compassion.
8. To him the strong, great, tawny, fair-complexioned, I utter forth a mighty hymn of praises.
     We serve the brilliant God with adorations, we glorify, the splendid name of Rudra.
9. With firm limbs, multiform, the strong, the tawny adorns himself with bright gold decorations:
     The strength of Godhead ne’er departs from Rudra, him who is Sovran of this world, the mighty.
10. Worthy, thou carriest thy bow and arrows, worthy, thy manyhued and honoured necklace.
     Worthy, thou cuttest here each fiend to pieces: a mightier than thou there is not, Rudra.
11. Praise him the chariot-borne, the young, the famous, fierce, slaying like a dread beast of the forest.
     O Rudra, praised, be gracious to the singer. let thy hosts spare us and smite down another.
12. I bend to thee as thou approachest, Rudra, even as a boy before the sire who greets him.
     I praise thee Bounteous Giver, Lord of heroes: give medicines to us as thou art lauded.
13. Of your pure medicines, O potent Martits, those that are wholesomest and healthbestowing,
     Those which our father Manu hath selected, I crave from. Rudra for our gain and welfare.
14. May Rudra’s missile turn aside and spare us, the great wrath of the impetuous One avoid us.
     Turn, Bounteous God, thy strong bow from our princes, and be thou gracious to our seed and offspring.
15. O tawny Bull, thus showing forth thy nature, as neither to be wroth, O God, nor slay us.
     Here, Rudra, listen to our invocation. Loud may we speak, with heroes, in assembly.

Mandala 2, Hymn 34.

1. THE Maruts of resistless might who love the rain, resplendent, terrible like wild beasts in their strength,
     Glowing like flames of fire, impetuous in career, blowing the wandering raincloud, have disclosed the kine.
2. They gleam with armlets as the heavens are decked with stars, like cloud-born lightnings shine the torrents of their rain.
     Since the strong Rudra, O Maruts with brilliant chests, sprang into life for you in Prsni’s radiant lap.
3. They drip like horses in the racings of swift steeds; with the stream’s rapid cars they hasten on their way.
     Maruts with helms of gold, ye who make all things shake, con e with your spotted deer, one-minded, to our food.
4. They have bestowed of Mitra all that live, to feed, they who for evermore cause their swift drops to flow;
     Whose steeds are spotted deer, whose riches never fail, like horses in full speed, bound to the pole in work.
5. With brightly-flarning kine whose udders swell with milk, idth glittering lances on your unobstructed paths,
     O Maruts, of one mind, like swans who seek their nests, come to the rapturous enjoyment of the meath.
6. To these our prayers, O Maruts, come unanimous, come ye to our libations like the praise of men.
     Make it swell like a mare, in udder like a cow, and for the singer grace the song with plenteous strength.
7. Give us a steed, O Maruts migbty in the car; prevailing prayer that brings remembrance day by day;
     Food to your praisers, to your bard in deeds of might give winning wisdom, power uninjured, unsurpassed.
8. When the bright-chested Maruts, lavish of their gifts, bind at the time bliss their horses to the cars,
     Then, as the milch-cow feeds her calf within the stalls, they pour forth food for all oblation-bringing men.
9. Save us, O Maruts, Vasus, from the injurer, the mortal foe who makes us looked upon as wolves.
     With chariot all aflame compass him round about: O Rudras, cast away the foeman’s deadly bolt.
10. Well-known, ye Maruts, is that wondrous course of yours, when they milked Prsni’s udder, close akin to her.
     Or when to shame the bard who lauded, Rudra’s Sons, ye O infallible brought Trita to decay.
11. We call youi such, great Maruts, following wonted ways, to the oblation paid to Visnu Speeder-on.
     With ladles lifted up, with prayer, we seek of them preeminent, golden-hued, the wealth which all extol.
12. They, the Dasagvas, first of all brought sacrifice: they at the break of mornings shall inspirit us.
     Dawn with her purple beams uncovereth the nights, with great light glowing like a billowy sea of milk.
13. The Rudras have rejoiced thern in the gathered bands at seats of worship as in purple ornaments.
     They with impetuous vigour sending down the rain have taken to themselves a bright and lovely hue.
14. Soliciting their high protection for our help, with this our adoration we sing praise to them,
     Whom, for assistance, like the five terrestrial priests. Trita hath brought to aid us hither on his car.
15. So may your favouring help be turned to us-ward, your kindness like a Iowing cow approach us,
     Wherewith ye bear your servant over trouble, and free your worshipper from scoff and scorning.

Mandala 2, Hymn 35.

1. EAGER for spoil my flow of speech I utter: may the Floods’ Child accept my songs with favour.
     Will not the rapid Son of Waters make them lovely, for he it is who shall enjoy them?
2. To him let us address the song well-fashioned, forth from the heart. Shall he not understand it’
     The friendly Son of Waters by the greatness of Godhead hath produced all things existing.
3. Some floods unite themselves and others join them: die sounding rivers fill one common storehouse.
     On every side the bright Floods have encompassed the bright resplendent Offspring of the Waters.
4. The never-sullen waters, youthful Maidens, carefully decking, wait on him the youthful.
     He with bright rays shines forth in splendid beauty, unfed with wood. in waters, oil-enveloped.
5. To him three Dames are oftering food to feed him, Goddesses to the God whom none may injure.
     Within the waters hath he pressed, as hollows, and drinks their milk who now are first made mothers.
6. Here was the horse’s birth; his was the sunlight. Save thou our princes from the oppressor’s onslaught.
     Him, indestructible, dwelling at a distance in forts unwrought lies and ill spirits reach not.
7. He, in whose mansion is the teeming Milch-cow, swells the Gods’ nectar and cats noble viands.
     lle Son of Waters, gathering strength in waters, shines for his worshipper to give him treasures.
8. He who in waters with his own pure Godhead shines widely, law-abiding, everlasting-
     The other worlds are verily his branches, and plants are born of him with all their offspring.
9. The Waters’ Son hath risen, and clothed in lightning ascended up unto the curled cloud’s bosom;
     And bearing with them his supremest glory the Youthful Ones, gold-coloured, move around him.
10. Golden in form is he, like gold to look on, his colour is like gold, the Son of Waters.
     When he is seated fresh from golden birthplace those who present their gold give food to feed him.
11. This the fair name and this the lovely aspect of him the Waters’ Son increase in secret.
     Whom here the youthful Maids together kindle, his food is sacred oil of golden colour.
12. Him, nearest Friend of many, will we worship with sacrifice. and reverence and oblation.
     I make his back to shine, with chips provide him; t offer food and with my songs exalt him.
13. The Bull hath laid his own life-germ Within them. He sucks them as an infant, and they kiss him.
     He, Son of Waters, of unfading colour, hadi entered here as in another’s body.
14. While here he dwelleth in sublimest station, resplendent with the rays that never perish,
     The Waters, bearing oil to feed their ofispring, flow, Youthful Ones, in wanderings about him.
15. Agni, I gave good shelter to the people, and to the princes goodly preparation.
     Blessed is all that Gods regard with favour. Loud may we speak, with heroes, in assembly.

Mandala 2, Hymn 36.

1. WATER and milk hath he endued, sent forth to thee: the men have drained him with the filters and the stones.
     Drink, Indra, from the Hotar’s bowlfirst right is thine-Soma hallowed and poured with Vasat and Svaha.
2. Busied with sacrifice, with spotted deer and spears, gleaming upon your way with ornaments, yea, our Friends,
     Sitting on sacred grass, ye Sons of Bharata, drink Soma from the Potar’s bowl, O Men of heaven.
3. Come unto us, ye swift to listen: as at home upon the sacred grass sit and enjoy yourselves.
     And, Tvastar, well-content be joyful in the juice with Gods and Goddesses in gladsome company.
4. Bring the Gods hither, Sage, and offer sacrifice: at the three altars seat thee willingly, O Priest.
     Accept for thy delight the proffered Soma meath: drink from the Kindler’s bowl and fill thee with thy share.
5. This is the strengthener of thy body’s manly might: strength, victory for all time are placed within thine arms.
     Pressed for thee, Maghavan, it is offered unto thee: drink from the chalice of this Brahman, drink thy fill.
6. Accept the sacrifice; mark both of you, my call: the Priest hath seated him after the ancient texts.
     My prayer that bids them come goes forth to both the Kings: drink ye the Soma meath from the Director’s bowl.

Mandala 2, Hymn 37.

1. Enjoy thy fill of meath out of the Hotar’s cup: Adhvaryus he desires a full draught poured for him.
     Bring it him: seeking this he gives. Granter of Wealth, drink Sorna with the Rtus from the Hotar’s cup.
2. He whom of old I called on, him I call on now. He is to be invoked; his name is He who Gives,
     Here brought by priests is Soma meath. Granter of Wealth, drink Soma with the Rtus from the Potar’s cup.
3. Fat may the horses be wherewith thou specdest on: Lord of the Wood, unharming, strengthen thou thyself.
     Drawing and seizing, Bold One, thou who grantest wealth, drink Soma with the Rtus from the Nestar’s cup.
4. From Hotar’s cup and Potar’s he hath drunk and joyed: the proffered food hath pleased him from the Nestar’s bowl.
     The fourth cup undisturbed, immortal, let him drink who giveth wealth, the cup of the wealth-giving God.
5. Yoke, O ye Twain, to-day your hero-bearing car, swift-moving hitherward: your loosing-place is here.
     Mix the oblations, then come hither with the meath, and drink the Soma, ye rich in abundant strength.
6. Agni, accept the fuel and our offered gift: accept the prayer of man, accept our eulogy,
     Do thou with all, with Rtu, O thou Excellent, fain, make the great Gods all fain taste the gift we bring.

Mandala 2, Hymn 38.

1. UPRISEN is Savitar, this God, to quicken, Priest who neglects not this most constant duty.
     To the Gods, verily, he gives rich treasure, and blesses him who calls them to the banquet.
2. Having gone up on high, the God broadhanded spreads his arms widely forth that all may mark him.
     Even the waters bend them to his service: even this wind rests in the circling region.
3. Though borne by swift steeds he will yet unyoke them: e’en the fleet chariot hath he stayed from going.
     He hath checked e’en their haste who glide like serpents. Night closely followed Savitar’s dominion.
4. What was spread out she weaves afresh, re-weaving: the skilful leaves his labour half-completed.
     He hath arisen from rest, and parted seasons: Savitar hath approached, God, holy-minded.
5. Tlirough various dwellings, through entire existence, spreads, manifest, the household light of Agni.
     The Mother gives her Son the goodliest portion, and Savitar hath sped to meet his summons.
6. He comes again, unfolded, fain for conquest: at home was he, the love of all things moving.
     Each man hath come leaving his evil doings, after the Godlike Savitar’s commandment.
7. The wild beasts spread through desert places seeking their watery share which thou hast set in waters.
     The woods are given to the birds. These statutes of the God Savitar none disobeyeth.
8. With utmost speed, in restless haste at sunset Varuna seeks his watery habitation.
     Then seeks each bird his nest, each beast his lodging. In due place Savitar hath set each creature.
9. Him whose high law not Varuna nor Indra, not Mitra, Aryaman, nor Rudra breaketh,
     Nor evil-hearted fiends, here for my welfare him I invoke, God Savitar, with worship.
10. May they who strengthen bliss, and thought and wisdom, and the Dames’ Lord and Narasamsa aid us.
     That good may come to us and wealth be gathered, may we be Savitar the God’s beloved.
11. So come to us our hearts’ desire, the bounty bestowed by thee, from heaven and earth and waters,
     That it be well with friends and those who praise thee, and, Savitar, with the loud-lauding singer.

Mandala 2, Hymn 39.

1. SING like the two press-stones for this same purpose; come like two misers to the tree of treasure;
     Like two laud-singing Brahmans in the assembly, like the folk’s envoys called in many places.
2. Moving at morning like two chr-borne heroes, like to a pair of goats ye come electing;
     Like two fair dames embellishing their bodies, like a wise married pair among the people.
3. Like to a pair of horns come first to usward, like to a pair of hoofs with rapid motion;
     Come like two Cakavas in the grey of morning, come like two chariot wheels at dawn, ye Mighty.
4. Bear us across the rivers like two vessels, save us as ye were yokes, naves, spokes and fellies.
     Be like two dogs that injure not our bodies; preserve us, like two crutches, that we fall not.
5. Like two winds ageing not, two confluent rivers, come with quick vision like two eyes before us.
     Come like two hands most helpful to the body, and guide us like two feet to what is precious.
6. Even as two lips that with the mouth speak honey, even as two breasts that nourish our existence,
     Like the two nostrils that protect our being, be to us as our ears that hear distinctly.
7. Like two hands give ye us increasing vigour; like heaven and earth constrain the airy regions.
     Asvins, these hymns that struggle to approach you, sharpen ye like an axe upon a whetstone.
8. These prayers of ours exalting you, O Asvins, have the GrtSamadas, for a laud, made ready.
     Welcome them, O ye Heroes, and come bither. Loud may we speak. with brave men, in assembly.

Mandala 2, Hymn 40.

1. SOMA and Pusan, Parents of all riches, Parents of earth and Parents of high heaven,
     You Twain, brought forth as the whole world’s protectors, the Gods have made centre of life eternal.
2. At birth of these two Gods all Gods are joyful: they have caused darkness, which we hate, to vanish.
     With these, with Soma and with Pusan, India generates ripe warm milk in the raw milch-cows.
3. Soma and Pusan, urge your chariot hither, the seven-wheeIed car that measures out the region,
     That stirs not all, that moves to every quarter, fivc-reined and harnessed by the thought, ye Mighty.
4. One in the heaven on high hath made his dwelling, on earth and in the firmament the other.
     May they disclose to us great store of treasure, much-longed for, rich in food, source of enjoyment.
5. One of you Twain is Parent of all creatures, the otherjourneys onward all-beholding.
     Soma and Pusan, aid my thought with favour: with you may we o’ercome in all encounters.
6. May Pusan stir our thought, the all-impelling, may Soma Lord of riches grant us riches.
     May Aditi the perfect Goddess aid us. Loud may we speak, with heroes, in assembly.

Mandala 2, Hymn 41.

1. O VAYU, come to us with all the thousand chariots that are thine,
     Team-borne, to drink the Soma juice.
2. Drawn by thy team, O Vayu, come; to thee is offered this, the pure.
     Thou visitest the presser’s house.
3. Indra and Vayu, drawn by teams, ye Heroes, come today and drink.
     Of the bright juice when blent with milk.
4. This Soma hath been shed for you, Lawstrengtheners, Mitra-Varuna!
     Listen ye here to this my call.
5. Both Kings who never injure aught seat them in their supremest home,
     The thousand-pillared, firmly-based.
6. Fed with oblation, Sovran Kings, Adityas, Lords of liberal gifts.
     They wait on him whose life is true.
7. With kine, Nasatyas, and with steeds, come, Asvins, Rudras, to the house
     That will protect its heroes well;
8. Such, wealthy Gods! as none afar nor standing nigh to us may harm,
     Yea, no malicious mortal foe.
9. As such, O longed-far Asvins, lead us on to wealth of varied sort,
     Wealth that shall bring us room and rest.
10. Verily Indra, conquering all, driveth e’en mighty fear away,
     For firm is he and swift to act.
11. Indra be gracious unto us: sin shall not reach us afterward,
     And good shall be before us still.
12. From all the regions of the world let Indra send security,
     The foe-subduer, swift to act.
13. O all ye Gods, come hitherward: hear this mine invocation, seat
     Yourselves upon this sacred grass.
14. Among ihe gunahotras strong for you is this sweet gladdening draught.
     Drink ye of this delightsome juice.
15. Ye Martus led by Indra, Gods with PriÃƒâ€šÃ‚Â§an for your bounteousest,
     Hear all of you this call of mine.
16. Best Mother, best of Rivers, best of Goddesses, Sarasvati, We are, as ‘twere, of no repute and dear Mother, give thou us renown.
17. In thee, Sarasvati, divine, all generations have their stay.
     Be, glad with Sunahotra’s sons: O Goddess grant us progeny.
18. Enriched with sacrifice, accept Sarasvati, these prayers of ours,
     Thoughts which GrtSamadas beloved of Gods bring, Holy One,to thee.
19. Ye who bless sacrifice, go forth, for verily we choose you both,
     And Agni who conveys our gifts.
20. This our.effectual sacrifice, reaching the sky, shall Heaven and Earth
     Present unto the Gods to-day.
21. In both your laps, ye guileless Ones, the Holy Gods shall sit them down
     To-day to drink the Soma here.

Mandala 2, Hymn 42.

1. TELLING his race aloud with cries repeated, he sends his voice out as his boat a steersman.
     O Bird, be ominous of happy fortune from no side may calamity befall thee.
2. Let not the falcon kill thee, nor the eagle let not the arrow-bearing archer reach thee.
     Still crying in the region of the Fathers, speak here auspicious, bearing joyful tidings.
3. Bringing good tidings, Bird of happy omen, call thou out loudly southward of our dwellings,
     So that no thief, no sinner may oppress us. Loud may we speak, with heroes, in assembly.

Mandala 2, Hymn 43 	Mandala 3, Hymn 1

1. HERE on the right sing forth chanters of hymns of praise, even the winged birds that in due season speak.
     He, like: a Sama-chanter utters both the notes, skilled in the mode of Trstup and of Gayatri.
2. Thou like the chanter-priest chantest the Sama, Bird; thou singest at libations like a Brahman’s son.
     Even as a vigorous horse when he comes near the mare, announce to us good forturue, Bird, on every side, proclaim in all directions happy luck, O Bird.
3. When singing here, O Bird. announce good luck to us, and when thou sittest still think on us with kind thoughts.

Mandala 3, Hymn 1.

1. THOU, Agni, who wilt have the strong, hast made me the Soma’s priest, to worship in assembly.
     Thou shinest to the Gods, I set the pressstones. I toil; be joyful in thyself, O Agni.
2. East have we turned the rite; may the hymn aid it. With wood and worship shall they honour Agni.
     From heaven the synods of the wise have learnt it: c’en for the quick and strong they seek advancement.
3. The Prudent, he whose will is pure, brought welfare, allied by birth to Heaven and Earth in kinship.
     The Gods discovered in the midst of waters beautiful Agni with the Sisters’ labour.
4. Him, Blessed One, the Seven strong Floods augmented, him white at birth and red when waxen mighty.
     As mother mares run to their new-born you ling, so at his birth the Gods wondered at Agni.
5. Spreading with radiant limbs throughout the region, purging his power with wise purifications,
     Robing himself in light, the life of waters, lie spreads abroad his high and perfect glories.
6. He sought heaven’s Mighty Ones, the unconsuming, the unimpaired, not clothed and yet not naked.
     Then they, ancient and young, who dwell together, Seven sounding Rivers, as one germ received him.
7. His piles, assuming every form, are scattered where flow sweet waters, at the spring of fatness;
     There stood the milch-kine with full-laden udders, and both paired Mighty Mothers of the Wondrous.
8. Carefully cherished, Son of Strength, thou shoncst assuming lasting and refulgent beauties.
     Full streams of fatness and sweet juice descended, there where the Mighty One grew strong by wisdom.
9. From birth he knew even his Father’s bosom, he set his voices and his streams in motion;
     Knew him who moved with blessed Friends in secret, with the young Dames of heaven. He stayed not hidden.
10. He nursed the Infant of the Sire and Maker: alone the Babe sucked many a teeming bosom.
     Guard, for the Bright and Strong, the fellow-spouses friendly to men and bound to him in kinship.
11. The Mighty One increased in space unbounded; full many a glorious flood gave strength to Agni.
     Friend of the house, within the lap of Order lay Agni, in the Sister Rivers’ service.
12. As keen supporter where great waters gather, light-shedder whom the brood rejoice to look on;
     He who begat, and will beget, the dawnlights, most manly, Child of Floods, is youthful Agni.
13. Him, varied in his form, the lovely Infant of floods and plants the blessed wood hath gendered.
     Gods even, moved in spirit, came around him, and served him at his birth, the Strong, the Wondrous.
14. Like brilliant lightnings, mighty luminaries accompany the light-diffusing Agni,
     Waxen, as ‘twere in secret, in his dwelling, while in the boundless stall they milk out Amrta.
15. I sacrificing serve thee with oblations and crave with longing thy good-will and friendship.
     Grant, with the Gods, thy grace to him who lauds thee, protect us with thy rays that guard the homestead.
16. May we, O Agni, thou who leadest wisely, thy followers and masters of all treasures,
     Strong in the glory of our noble offspring, subdue the godless when they seek the battle.
17. Ensign of Gods hast thou become, O Agni, joy-giver, knower of all secret wisdom.
     Friend of the homestead, thou hast lightened mortals: carborne thou goest to the Gods, fulfilling.
18. Within the house hath sate the King immortal of mortals, filling full their sacred synods.
     Bedewed with holy oil he shineth widely, Agni, the knower of all secret wisdom.
19. Come unto us with thine auspicious friendship, come speeding, Mighty, with thy mighty succours.
     Grant us abundant wealth that saves from danger, that brings a good repute, a glorious portion.
20. To thee who art of old these songs, O Agni, have I declared, the ancient and the later.
     These great libations to the Strong are offiered: in every birth is Jatavedas stablished.
21. Stablished in every birth is Jatavedas, kindled perpetual by the Visvamitras.
     May we rest ever in the loving-kindness, in the auspicious grace of him the Holy.
22. This sacrifice of ours do thou, O Mighty, O truly Wise, bear to the Gods rejoicing.
     Grant us abundant food, thou priestly Herald, vouchsafe to give us ample wealth, O Agni.
23. As holy food, Agni, to thine’invoker give wealth in cattle, lasting, rich in marvels.
     To us he born a son, and spreading offspring. Agni, be this thy gracious will to us-ward.

Mandala 3, Hymn 2.

1. To him, Vaisvanara, who strengthens Holy Law, to Agni we present our praise like oil made pure.
     With thoughtful insight human priests bring him anear, our Herald from of old, as an axe forms a car.
2. He made the heaven and earth resplendent by his birth: Child of two Mothers he was meet to be implored,
     Agni, oblation-bearer, gracious, ever-young, infallible, rich in radiant light, the guest of men.
3. Within the range of their surpassinq power, by might, the Gods created Agni with inventive thought.
     I, eager to win strength, address him, like a steed, resplendent with his brilliance, with his ample light.
4. Eager to gain, we crave from him the friendly God strength confident, choiceworthy meet to be extolled:
     The Bhrgus’ bounty, willing, strong with sages’ lore, even Agni shining forth with light that comes from heaven.
5. For happiness, men, having trimmed the sacred grass, set Agni glorious for his strength before them here;
     Yea, with raised ladles, him bright, dear to all the Gods, perfecting aims of works, Rudra of solemn rites.
6. Around thy dwelling-place, O brightly-shining Priest, are men at sacrifice, whose sacred grass is trimmed.
     Wishing to do thee service, Agni, they are there, desirous of thy friendship grant them store of wealth.
7. He hath filled heaven and earth and the great realm of light, when at his birth the skilful held him in their hold.
     He like a horse is led forth to the sacrifice Sage, graciously inclined, that he may win us strength.
8. Honour the oblation-bearer, him who knows fair rites, serve ye the Household Friend who knows all things that be.
     He drives the chariot of the lofty ordinance: Agni most active, is the great High Priest of Gods.
9. They who are free from death, fain for him, purified three splendours of the mighty Agni, circling all.
     To man, for his enjoyment, one of these they gave: the other two have passed into the sister sphere.
10. Man’s sacrificial food hath sharpened like an axe, for brightness, him the Sage of men, the people’s Lord,
     Busied with sacred rites he mounts and he descends. He hath laid down his vital germ within these worlds.
11. He stirs with life in wombs dissimilar in kind, born as a Lion or a loudly-bellowing Bull:
     Vaisvanara immortal with wide-reaching might, bestowing goods and wealth on him who offiers gifts.
12. Vaisvanara, as of old, mounted the cope of heaven, heaven’s ridge, well greeted, by those skilled in noble songs.
     He, as of old, producing riches for the folk, still watchful, traversesthe common way again.
13. For new prosperity we seek to Agni, him whose course is splendid, gold-haired, excellently bright,
     Whom Matarisvan stablished, dweller in the heaven, meet for high praise and holy, sage and true to Law.
14. As pure and swift of course, beholder of the light, who stands in heaven’s bright sphere a sign, who wakes at dawn,
     Agni, the head of heaven, whom none may turn aside-to him the Powerful with mighty prayer we seek.
15. The cheerful Priest, the pure, in whom no guile is found, Friend of the House, praise-worthy, dear to all mankind,
     Fair to behold for beauty like a splendid car,- Agni the Friend of men we ever seek for wealth.

Mandala 3, Hymn 3.

1. To him who shines afar, Vaisvanara, shall bards give precious things that he may go on certain paths:
     For Agni the Immortal serves the Deities, and therefore never breaks their everlasting laws.
2. He, wondrous envoy, goes between the earth and heaven, firm seated as the Herald, great High Priest of men.
     He compassethwith rays the lofty dwelling-place, Agni, sent forward by the Gods, enriched with piayer.
3. Sages shall glorify Agni with earnest thoughts, ensign of sacrifice, who fills the synod full:
     In whom the singers have stored up their holy acts to him the worshipper looks for joy and happiness.
4. The Sire of sacrifice, great God of holy bards, Agni, the measure and the symbol of the priests,
     Hath entered heaven and earth that show in varied form: the Sage whom many love rejoiceth in his might.
5. Bright Agni with the bright car, Lord of green domains, Vaisvanara dweller in the floods, who finds the light,
     Pervading, swift and wild, encompassed round with powers, him very glorious have the Gods established here.
6. Agni, together with the Gods and Manu’s folk by thought extending sacrifice in varied form,
     Goes, car-borne, to and fro with those who crown each rite, the fleet, the Household Friend, who turns the curse aside.
7. Sing, Agni, for long life to us and noble sons: teem thou with plenty, shine upon us store of food.
     Increase the great man’s strength, thou ever-vigilant: thou, longing for the Gods, knowest their hymns full well.
8. The Mighty One, Lord of the people and their guest, the leader of their thoughts, devoted Friend of priests,
     Our solemn rites’ announcer, Jatavedas, men with worship ever praise, with urgings for their weal.
9. Agni the God resplendent, giver of great joy, hath on his lovely car compassed the lands with, might.
     Let us with pure laudations in his house approach the high laws of the nourisher of multitudes.
10. I celebrate thy glories, O Vaisvanara, wherewith thou, O farsighted God, has found the light.
     Thou filledst at thy birth both worlds, the earth and heaven: all this, O Agni, hast thou compassed of thyself.
11. By his great skill the Sage alone hath brought to pass a great deed, mightier than Vaisvanara’s wondrous acts.
     Agni sprang into being, magnifying both his Parents, Heaven and Earth, rich in prolific seed.

Mandala 3, Hymn 4.

1. BE friendly with each kindled log of fuel, with every flash bestow the boon of riches.
     Bring thou the Gods, O God, unto our worship: serve, well-inclined, as Friend thy friends, O Agni.
2. Agni whom daily Varuna and Mitra the Gods bring thrice a day to this our worship,
     Tanunapat, enrich with meath our service that dwells with holy oil, that offers honour.
3. The thought that bringeth every boon proceedeth to worship first the Priest of the libation,
     That we may greet the Strong One with our homage. Urged, may he bring the Gods, best Sacrificer.
4. On high your way to sacrifice was made ready; the radiant flames went upward to the regions.
     Full in the midst of heaven the Priest is seated: sirew we the sacred grass where Gods may rest them.
5. Claiming in mind the seven priests’ burntoblations, inciting all, they came in settled order.
     To this our sacrifice approach the many who show in hero beauty at assemblies.
6. Night and Dawn, lauded, hither come together, both smiling, different are their forms in colour,
     That Varuna and Mitra may accept us, and Indra, girt by Maruts, with his glories.
7. I crave the grace of heaven’s two chief Invokers: the seven swift steeds joy in their wonted manner.
     These speak of truth, praising the truth eternal, thinking on Order as the guards of Order.
8. May Bharati with all her Sisters, Ila accordant with the Gods, with mortalls Agni,
     Sarasvati with all her kindred Rivers, come to this grass, Three Goddesses, and seat them.
9. Well pleased with us do thou O God, O Tvastar, give ready issue to our procreant vigour,
     Whence springs the hero, powerful, skilled in action, lover of Gods, adjuster of the press-stones.
10. Send to the Gods the oblation, Lord of Forests; and let the Immolator, Agni, dress it.
     He as the truer Priest shall offer worship, for the Gods’ generations well he knoweth.
11. Come thou to us, O Agni, duly kindled, together with the potent Gods and Indra.
     On this our grass sit Aditi, happy Mother, and let our Hail delight the Gods Immortal.

Mandala 3, Hymn 5.

1. AGNI who shines against the Dawns is wakened. The holy Singer who precedes the sages.
     With far-spread lustre, kindled by the pious, the Priest hath thrown both gates of darkness open.
2. Agni hath waxen mighty by laudations, to be adored with hymns of those who praise him.
     Loving the varied shows of holy Order at the first flush of dawn he shines as envoy.
3. Amid men’s homes hath Agni been established, fulfilling with the Law, Friend, germ of waters.
     Loved and adored, the height he hath ascended, the Singer, object of our invocations.
4. Agni is Mitra when enkindled duly, Mitra as Priest, Varuna, Jatavedas;
     Mitra as active minister, and House-Friend, Mitra of flowing rivers and of mountains.
5. The Earth’s, the Bird’s dear lofty place he guardeth, he guardeth in his might the course of Surya,
     Guardeth the Seven-headed in the centre, guardeth sublime the Deities enjoyment.
6. The skilful God who knows all forms of knowledge made for himself a fair form, meet for worship.
     This Agni guards with care that never ceases the Sonia’s skin, the Bird’s place rich in fatness.
7. Agni hath entered longingly the longing shrine rich with fatness, giving easy access.
     Resplendent, pure, sublime and purifying, again, again he renovates his Mothers.
8. Born suddenly, by plants he grew to greatness, when tender shoots with holy oil increased him,
     Like waters lovely when they hasten downward may Agni in his Parents’ lap protect us.
9. Extolled, the Strong shone forth with kindled fuel to the earth’s centre, to the height of heaven.
     May Agni, Friend, adorable Matarisvan, as envoy bring the Gods unto our worship.
10. Best of all luminaries lofty Agni supported with his flame the height of heaven,
     When, far from Bhrgus, Matarisvan kindled the oblation-bearer where he lay in secret.
11. As holy food, Agni to thine invoker give wealth in cattle, lasting, rich in marvels.
     To us be born a son and spreading offspring. Agni, be this thy gracious will to us-word.

Mandala 3, Hymn 6.

1. URGED on by deep devotion, O ye singers, bring, pious ones, the God-approaching ladle.
     Borne onward to the right it travels eastward, and, filled with oil, to Agni bears oblation.
2. Thou at thy birth didst fill both earth and heaven, yea, Most Adorable, thou didst exceed them.
     Even through the heaven’s and through the earth’s expanses let thy swift seventongued flames roll on, O Agni.
3. Both Heaven and Earth and Gods who should be worshipped establish thee as Priest for every dwelling,
     Whenever human families, God-devoted, bringing oblations; laud thy splendid lustre.
4. Firm in the Gods’ home is the Mighty seated, between vast Heaven and Earth the well-beloved-
     Those Cows who yield, unharmed, their nectar, Spouses of the Far-Strider, everyoung, united.
5. Great are the deeds of thee, the Great, O Agni: thou by thy power hast spread out earth and heaven.
     As soon as thou wast born thou wast an envoy, thou, Mighty One, was Leader of the people.
6. Bind to the pole with cords of holy Order the long-maned ruddy steeds who sprinkle fatness.
     Bring hithier, O thou God, all Gods together: provide them noble worship, Jatavedas.
7. Even from the sky thy brilliant lights shone hither: still hast thou beamed through many a radiant morning,
     That the Gods praised their joyous Herald’s labour eagerly burning, Agni, in the forests.
8. The Gods who take delight in air’s wide region, or those the dwellers in heaven’s realm of brightness,
     Or those, the Holy, prompt to hear, our helpers, who, carborne, turn their horses hither, Agni—
9. With these, borne on one ear, Agni, approach us, or borne on many, for thy steeds are able.
     Bring, witb their Dames, the Gods, the Three and-Thirty, after thy Godlike nature, and be joyful.
10. He is the Priest at whose repeated worship even wide Heaven and Earth sing out for increase.
     They fair and true and holy coming forward stand at his sacrifice who springs from Order.
11. As holy food, Agni, to thine invoker give wealth in cattle, lasting, rich in marvels.
     To us be born a son and spreading offspring. Agni, be this thy gracious will to usward.

Mandala 3, Hymn 7.

1. THE seven tones risen from the whitebacked viand have made their way between the pair of Mothers.
     Both circumjacent Parents come together to yield us length of days they hasten forward.
2. The Male who dwells in heaven hath Mares and Milchkine: he came to Goddesses who bring sweet treasure.
     To thee safe resting in the seat of Order the Cow alone upon her way proceedeth.
3. Wise Master, wealthy finder-out of riches, he mounted those who may with case be guided.
     He, dark-backed, manifold with varied aspect, hath made them burst forth from their food the brush-wood.
4. Strength-giving streams bear hither him eternal, fain to support the mighty work. of Tvastar.
     He, flashing in his home with all his members, hath entered both the worlds as they were single.
5. They know the red Bull’s blessing, and are joyful under the flaming-coloured Lord’s dominion:
     They who give shine from heavenwith fair effulgence, whose lofty song like Ila must be honoured.
6. Yea, by tradition from the ancient sages they brought great strength from the two mighty Parents,
     To where the singer’s Bull, the night’s dispeller, after his proper law hath waxen stronger.
7. Seven holy singers guard with five Adhvaryus the Bird’s beloved firmly-settled station.
     The willing Bulls, untouched by old, rejoice them: as Gods themselves the ways of Gods they follow.
8. I crave the grace of heaven’s two chief Invokers: the seven swift steeds joy in their wonted manner.
     These speak of truth, praising the Truth Eternal, thinking on Order as the guards of Order.
9. The many seek the great Steed as a stallion: the reins obey the Lord of varied colour.
     O heavenly Priest, most pleasant, full of wisdom, bring the great Gods to us, and Earth and Heaven.
10. Rich Lord, the Mornings have gleamed forth in splendour, fair-rayed, fair-speaking, worshipped with all viands,
     Yea, with the glory of the earth, O Agni. Forgive us, for our weal, e’en sin cornmitted.
11. As holy food, Agni, to thine invoker, give wealth in cattle, lasting, rich in marvels.
     To us be born a son, and spreading offspring Agni, be this thy gracious will to usward.

Mandala 3, Hymn 8.

1. GOD-SERVING men, O Sovran of the Forest, with heavenly meath at sacrifice anoint thee.
     Grant wealth to us when thou art standing upright as when reposing on this Mother’s bosom.
2. Set up to eastward of the fire enkindled, accepting prayer that wastes not, rich in hero.
     Driving far from us poverty and famine, lift thyself up to bring us great good fortune.
3. Lord of the Forest, raise. thyself up on the loftiest spot of earth.
     Give splendour, fixt and measured well, to him who brings the sacrifice.
4. Well-robed, enveloped he is come, the youthful: springing to life his glory waxeth greater.
     Contemplative in mind and God-adoring, sages of high intelligence upraise him.
5. Sprung up he rises in the days’ fair weather, increasing in the men-frequented synod.
     With song the wise and skilful consecrate him: his voice the God-adoring singer utters.
6, Ye whom religious men have firmly planted; thou Forest Sovran whom the axe hath fashioned,-
     Let those the Stakes divine which here are standing be fain to grant us wealth with store of children.
7. O men who lift the ladles up, these hewn and planted in the ground,
     Bringing a blessing to the field, shall bear our precious gift to Gods.
8. Adityas, Rudras, Vasus, careful leaders, Earth, Heaven, and Prthivi and Air’s mid-region,
     Accordant Deities shall bless our worship and make our sacrifice’s ensign lofty.
9. Like swan’s that flee in lengthened line, the Pillars have come to us arrayed in brilliant coIour.
     They, lifted up on high, by sages, eastward, go forth as Gods to the God’s dwelling-places.
10. Those Stakes upon the earth with rings that deck them seem to the eye like horns of horned creatures;
     Or, as upraised by priests in invocation, let them assist us in the rush to battle.
11. Lord of the Wood, rise with a hundred branches. with thousand branches may we rise to greatness,
     Tlou whom this hatchct, with an edge well whetted for great felicity, hath brought before us.

Mandala 3, Hymn 9.

1. WE as thy friends have chosen thee, mortals a God, to be our help,
     The Waters’ Child, the blessed, the resplendent One, victorious and beyond compare.
2. Since thou delighting in the woods hast gone unto thy mother streams,
     Not to be scorned, Agni, is that return of thine when from afar thou now art here.
3. O’er pungent smoke host thou prevailed, and thus art thou benevolent.
     Some go before, and others round about thee sit, they in whose friendship thou hast place.
4. Him who had passed beyond his foes, beyond continual pursuits, Him the unerring Ones, observant, found in floods, couched like a lion in his lair.
5. Him wandering at his own free will, Agni here hidden from our view,
     Him Matarisvan brought to us from far away produced by friction, from the Gods.
6. O Bearer of Oblations, thus mortals received thee from the Gods,
     Whilst thou, the Friend of man, guardest each sacrifice with thine own power, Most Youthful One.
7. Amid thy wonders this is good, yea, to the simple is it clear,
     When gathered round about thee, Agni, lie the herds where thou art kindled in the morn.
8. Offer to him who knows fair rites, who burns with purifying glow,
     Swift envoy, active, ancient, and adorable: serve ye the God attentively.
9. Three times a hundred Gods and thrice a thousand, and three times ten and nine have worshipped Agni,
     For him spread sacred grass, with oil bedewed him, and stablished him as Priest and Sacrificer.

Mandala 3, Hymn 10.

1. THEE Agni, God, Imperial Lord of all mankind, do mortal men
     With understanding kindle at the sacrifice.
2. They laud thee in their solemn rites, Agni, as Minister and Priest,
     Shine forth in thine own home as guardian of the Law.
3. He, verily, who honours thee with fuel, Knower of all life,
     He, Agni! wins heroic might, he prospers well.
4. Ensign of sacrifices, he, Agni, with Gods is come to us,
     Decked by the seven priests, to him who bringeth gifts.
5. ToAgni, the Invoking Priest, offer your best, your lofty speech,
     To him Ordainer-like who brings the light of songs.
6. Let these our hymns make Agni grow, whence, meet for laud, he springs to life,
     To mighty strength and great possession, fair to see.
7. Best Sacrificer, bring the Gods, O Agni, to the pious man:
     A joyful Priest, thy splendour drive our foes afar
8. As such, O Purifier, shine on us heroic glorious might:
     Be nearest Friend to those who laud thee, for their weal.
9. So, wakeful, versed in sacred hymns, the holy singers kindly thee.
     Oblation-bearer, deathless, cherisher of strength.

Mandala 3, Hymn 11.

1. AGNI is Priest, the great High Priest of sacrifice, most swift in act:
     He knows the rite in constant course.
2. Oblation-bearer, deathless, well inclined, an eager messenger,
     Agni comes nigh us with the thought.
3. Ensign of sacrifice from of old, Agni well knoweth with his thought
     To prosper this man’s aim and hope.
4. Agni, illustrious from old time, the Son of Strength who knows all life,
     The Gods have made to their Priest.
5. Infallible is Agni, he who goes before the tribes of men,
     A chariot swift and ever new.
6. Strength of the Gods which none may harm, subduing all his enemies,
     Agni is mightiest in fame.
7. By offering sacred food to him the mortal worshipper obtains.
     A home from him whose light makes pure.
8. From Agni, by our hymns, may we gain all things that bring happiness,
     Singers of him who knows all life.
9. O Agni, in our deeds of might may we obtain all precious things:
     Tle Gods are centred all in thee.

Mandala 3, Hymn 12.

1. MOVED, Indra-Agni, by our hymn, come to the juice, the precious dew:
     Dr.ink ye thereof, impelled by song.
2. O Indra-Agni, with the man who lauds you comes the wakening rite:
     So drink ye both this juice assured.
3. Through force of sacrifice I choose Indra-Agni who love the wise:
     With Sorna let these sate them here.
4. Indra and Agni I invoke, joint-victors, bounteous, unsubdued,
     Foe-slayers, best to win the spoil.
5. Indra and Agni, singers skilled in melody hymn you, bringing lauds:
     I choose you for the sacred food.
6. Indra and Agni, ye cast down the ninety forts which DAsas held,
     Together, with one mighty deed.
7. To Indra-Agni eeverent thoughts go forward from the holy task
     Along the path of sacred Law.
8. O Indra-Agni, powers are yours, and dwellings and delightful food
     Good is your readiness to act.
9. Indra and Agni, in your deeds of might ye deck heaven’s lucid realms:
     Famed is that hero strength of yours.

Mandala 3, Hymn 13.

1. To Agni, to this God of yours I sing aloud with utmost power.
     May he come to us with the Gods, and sit, best Offerer, on the grass.
2. The Holy, whose are earth and heaven, and succour waits upon his strength;
     Him men who bring oblations laud, and they who wish to gain, for grace.
3. He is the Sage who guides these men, Leader of sacred rites is he.
     Him your own Agni, serve ye well, who winneth and bestoweth wealth.
4. So may the gracious Agni grant most goodly shelter for our use;
     Whence in the heavens or in the floods he shall pour wealth upon our lands.
5. The singers kindle him, the Priest, Agni the Lord of tribes of men,
     Resplendent and without a peer through his own excellent designs.
6. Help us, thou Brahman, best of all invokers of the Gods in song.
     Beam, Friend of Maruts, bliss on us, O Agni, a most liberal God.
7. Yea, grant us treasure thousandfold with children and with nourishment,
     And, Agni, splendid hero strength, exalted, wasting not away.

Mandala 3, Hymn 14.

1. THE pleasant Priest is come into the synod, true, skilled in sacrifice, most wise, Ordainer.
     Agni, the Son of Strength, whose car is lightning, whose hair is flame, hath shown on earth his lustre.
2. To thee I offer reverent speech: accept it: to thee who markest it, victorious, faithful!
     Bring, thou who knowest, those who know, and seat thee amid the sacred grass, for help, O Holy.
3. The Two who show their vigour, Night and Morning, by the wind’s paths shall haste to thee O Agni.
     When men adorn the Ancient with oblations, these seek, as on two chariot-seats, the dwelling.
4. To thee, strong Agni! Varuna and Mitra and all the Maruts sang a song of triumph,
     What time unto the people’s lands thou camest, spreading them as the Sun of men, with lustre.
5. Approaching with raised hands and adoration, we have this day fulfilled for thee thy longing.
     Worship the Gods with most devoted spirit, a Priest with no unfriendly thought, O Agni.
6. For, Son of Strength, from thee come many succours, and powers abundant that a God possesses.
     Agni, to us with speech that hath no falsehood grant riches, real, to be told in thousands.
7. Whatever, God, in sacrifice we mortals have wrought is all for thee, strong, wise of purpose!
     Be thou the Friend of each good chariot’s master. All this enjoy thou here, immortal Agni.

Mandala 3, Hymn 15.

1. RESPLENDENT with thy wide-extending lustre, dispel the terrors of the fiends who hate us
     May lofty Agni be my guide and shelter, the easily-invoked, the good Protector.
2. Be thou To us, while now the morn is breaking, be thou a guardian when the Sun hath mounted..
     Accept, as men accept a true-born infant, my laud, O Agni nobly born in body.
3. Bull, who beholdest men, through many mornings, among the dark ones shine forth red, O Agni.
     Lead us, good Lord, and bear us over trouble: Help us who long, Most Youthful God, to riches.
4. Shine forth, a Bull invincible, O Agni, winning by conquest all the forts and treasures,
     Thou Jatavedas who art skilled in guiding, the chief high saving sacrifice’s Leader.
5. Lighting Gods hither, Agni, wisest Singer, bring thou to us many and flawless shelters.
     Bring vigour, like a car that gathers booty: bring us, O Agni, beauteous.Rarth and Heaven.
6. Swell, O thou Bull and give those powers an impulse, e’en Earth and Heaven who yield their milk in plenty,
     Shining, O God, with Gods in clear effulgence. Let not a mortal’s evil will obstruct us.
7. Agni, as holy food to thine invoker, give wealth in cattle, lasting, rich in marvels.
     To us be born a son and spreading ofrspring. Agni, be this thy gracious will to us-ward.

Mandala 3, Hymn 16.

1. THIS Agni is the Lord of great felicity and hero Strength;
     Lord of wealth in herds of kine; Lord of the battles with the foe.
2. Wait, Maruts, Heroes, upon him the Prosperer in whom is bliss-increasing wealth;
     Who in fights ever conquer evil-hearted men, who overcome the enemy.
3. As such, O Agni, deal us wealth and hero might, O Bounteous One!
     Most lofty, very glorious, rich in progeny, free from disease and full of power.
4. He who made all that lives, who passes all in might, who orders service to the Gods,
     He works among the Gods, he works in hero strength, yea, also in the praise of men.
5. Give us not up to indigence, Agni, nor want of hero sons,
     Nor, Son of Strength, to lack of cattle, nor to blame. Drive. thou our enemies away.
6. Help us to strength, blest Agni! rich in progeny, abundant, in our sacrifice.
     Flood us with riches yet more plenteous, bringing weal, with high renown, most Glorious One!

Mandala 3, Hymn 17.

1. DULY enkindled after ancient customs, bringing all treasures, he is balmed with unguents,-
     Flame-haired, oil-clad, the purifying Agni, skilled in fair rites, to bring the Gods for worship.
2. As thou, O Agni, skilful Jatavedas, hast sacrificed as Priest of Earth, of Heaven,
     So with this offering bring the Gods, and prosper this sacrifice today as erst for Manu.
3. Three are thy times of life, O Jatavedas, and the three mornings are thy births, O Agni.
     With these, well-knowing, grant the Gods’ kind favour, and help in stir aiid stress the man who worships.
4. Agni most bright and fair with song we honour, yea, the adorable, O Jatavedas.
     Thee, envoy, messenger, oblation-bearer, the Gods have made centre of life eternal.
5. That Priest before thee, yet more skilled in worship, stablished of old, healthgiver by his nature,-
     After his custom offer, thou who knowest, and lay our sacrifice where Gods may taste it.

Mandala 3, Hymn 18.

1. AGNI, be kind to us when we approach thee good as a friend to friend, as sire and mother.
     The races of mankind are great oppressors burn up malignity that strives against us.
2. Agni, burn up the unfriendly who are near us, burn thou the foeman’s curse who pays no worship.
     Burn, Vasu, thou who markest well, the foolish: let thine eternal nimble beams surround thee.
3. With fuel, Agni, and with oil, desirous, mine offering I present for strength and conquest,
     With prayer, so far as I have power, adoring-this hymn divine to gain a hundred treasures.
4. Give with thy glow, thou Son of Strength, when lauded, great vital power to those who toil to serve thee.
     Give richly, Agni, to the Visvamitras in rest and stir. Oft have we decked thy body.
5. Give us, O liberal Lord, great gtore of riches, for, Agni, such art thou when duly kindled.
     Thou in the happy singer’s home bestowest, amply with arms extended, things of beauty.

Mandala 3, Hymn 19.

1. Aow, quick, sage, infallible, all-knowing, I choose to be our Priest at this oblation.
     In our Gods’ service he, best skilled, shall worship: may he obtain us boons for strength and riches.
2. Agni, to thee I lift the oil-fed ladle, bright, with an offering, bearing our oblation.
     From the right hand, choosing the Gods’ attendance, he with rich presents hath arranged the worship.
3. Of keenest spirit is the man thou aidest give us good offspring, thou who givest freely.
     In power of wealth most rich in men. O Agni, of thee, the Good, may we sing forth fair praises.
4. Men as they worship thee the God, O Agni, have set on thee full many a brilliant, aspect.
     So bring Most Youthful One, the Gods’ asserrigly, the Heavenly Host which thou to-day shalt honour.
5. When Gods anoint thee Priest at their oblation, and seat thee for thy task as Sacrificer,
     O Agni, be thou here our kind defender, and to ourselves vouchsafe the gift of glory.

Mandala 3, Hymn 20.

1. WITH lauds at break of morn the priest invoketh Agni, Dawn, Dadhikras, and both the Asvins.
     With one consent the Gods whose light is splendid, longing to taste our sacrifice, shall hear us.
2. Three are thy powers, O Agni, three thy stations, three are thy tongues, yea, many, Child of Order!
     Three bodies hast thou which the Gods delight in: with these protect our hymns with care unceasing.
3. O Agni, many are the names thou bearest, immortal, God, Divine, and Jatavedas.
     And many charms of charmers, All-Inspirer! have they laid in thee, Lord of true attendants!
4. Agni, like Bhaga, leads the godly people, he who is true to Law and guards the seasons.
     Ancient, all-knowing, he the Vrtra-slayer shall bear the singer safe through every trouble.
5. I call on Savitar the God, on Morning, Brhaspati, and Dadhikras, and Agni,
     On Varuna and Mitra, on the Asvins, Bhaga, the Vasus, Rudras and Adityas.

Mandala 3, Hymn 21.

1. SET this our sacrifice among the Immortals: be pleased with these our presents, Jatavedas.
     O Priest, O Agni, sit thee down before us, and first enjoy the drops of oil and fatness.
2. For thee, O Purifier, flow the drops of fatness rich in oil.
     After thy wont vouchsafe to us the choicest boon that Gods may feast.
3. Agni, Most Excellent! for thee the Sage are drops that drip with oil.
     Thou art enkindled as the best of Seers. Help thou the sacrifice.
4. To thee, O Agni, mighty and resistless, to thee stream forth the drops of oil and fatness.
     With great light art thou come, O praised by poets! Accept our offering, O thou Sage.
5. Fatness exceeding rich, extracted from the midst,-this as our gift we offer thee.
     Excellent God, the drops run down upon thy skin. Deal them to each among the Gods.

Mandala 3, Hymn 22.

1. THIS is that Agni whence the longing Indra took the pressed Soma deep within his body.
     Winner of spoils in thousands, like a courser, with praise art thou exalted, Jatavedas.
2. That light of thine in heaven and earth, O Agni, in plants, O Holy One, and in the waters,
     Wherewith thou hast spread wide the air’s mid-region-bright is that splendour, wavy, man-beholding.
3. O Agni, to the sea of heaven thou goest: thou hast called hither Gods beheld in spirit.
     The waters, too, come hither, those up yonder in the Sun’s realm of light, and those beneath it.
4. Let fires that dwell in mist, combined with those that have their home in floods,
     Guileless accept our sacrifice, great viands free from all disease.
5. Agni, as holy food to thine invoker give wealth in cattle, lasting, rich in marvels.
     To us be born a son and spreading offspring. Agni, be this thy gracious will to us-ward.

Mandala 3, Hymn 23.

1. RUBBED into life, well stablished in the dwelling, Leader of sacrifice, the Sage, the youthful,
     Here in the wasting fuel Jatavedas, eternal, hath assumed immortal being.
2. Both Bharatas, Devasravas, Devavata, have strongly rubbed to life effectual Agni.
     O Agni, look thou forth with ample riches: be, every day, bearer of food to feed us.
3. Him nobly born of old the fingers ten produced, him whom his Mothers counted dear.
     Praise Devavata’s Agni, thou Devasravas, him who shall be the people’s Lord.
4. He set thee in the earth’s most lovely station, in Ila’s place, in days of fair bright weather.
     On man, on Apaya, Agni! on the rivers Drsadvati, Sarasvati, shine richly.
5. Agni, as holy food to thine invoker give wealth in cattle, lasting, rich in marvels.
     To us be born a son and spreading offspring Agni, be this thy gracious will to us-ward

Mandala 3, Hymn 24.

1. AGNI, subdue opposing bands, and drive our enemies away.
     Invincible, slay godless foes: give splendour to the worshipper.
2. Lit with libation, Agni, thou, deathless, who callest Gods to feast,
     Accept our sacrifice with joy.
3. With splendour, Agni, Son of Strength, thou who art worshipped, wakeful One.
     Seat thee on this my sacred grass.
4. With all thy fires, with all the Gods, Agni, exalt the songs we sing.
     And living men in holy rites.
5. Grant, Agni, to the worshipper wealth rich in heroes, plenteous store,
     Make thou us rich with many sons.

Mandala 3, Hymn 25.

1. THOU art the sapient Son of Dyaus, O Agni, yes and the Child of Earth, who knowest all things.
     Bring the Gods specially, thou Sage, for worship.
2. Agni the wise bestows the might of heroes grants strengthening food, preparing it for nectar.
     Thou who art rich in food bring the Gods hither.
3. Agni, infallible, lights Earth and Heaven, immortal Goddesses gracious to all men,-
     Lord through his strength, splendid through adorations.
4. Come to the sacrifice, Agni and Indra come to the offerer’s house who hath the Soma.
     Come, friendly-minded, Gods, to drink the Soma.
5. In the floods’ home art thou enkindled, Agni, O Jatavedas, Son of Strength, eternal,
     Exalting with thine help the gatheringplaces.

Mandala 3, Hymn 26.

1. REVERING in our heart Agni Vaisvanara, the finder of the light, whose promises are true,
     The liberal, gladsome, car-borne God we Kusikas invoke him with oblation, seeking wealth with songs.
2. That Agni, bright, Vaisvanara, we invoke for help, and Matarisvan worthy of the song of praise;
     Brhaspati for man’s observance of the Gods, the Singer prompt to hear, the swiftly-moving guest.
3. Age after age Vaisvanara, neighing like a horse, is kindled with the women by the Kusikas.
     May Agni, he who wakes among Immortal Gods, grant us heroic strength and wealth in noble steeds.
4. Let them go forth, the strong, as flames of fire with might. Gathered for victory they have yoked their spotted deer.
     Pourers of floods, the Maruts, Masters of all wealth, they who can ne’er be conquered, make the mountains shake.
5. The Maruts, Friends of men, are glorious as the fire: their mighty and resplendent succour we implore.
     Those storming Sons of Rudra clothed in robes of rain, boon-givers of good gifts, roar as the lions roar.
6. We, band on band and troop following troop, entreat with fair lauds Agni’s splendour and the Maruts’ might,
     With spotted deer for steeds, with wealth that never fails, they, wise Ones, come to sacrifice at our gatherings.
7. Agni am I who know, by birth, all creatures. Mine eye is butter, in my mouth is nectar.
     I am light threefold, measurer of the region exhaustless heat am I, named burnt-oblation.
8. Bearing in mind a thought with light accordant, he purified the Sun with three refinings;
     By his own nature gained the highest treasure, and looked abroad over the earth and heaven.
9. The Spring that fails not with a hundred streamlets, Father inspired of’ prayers that men should utter,
     The Sparkler, joyous in his Parents’ bosorn, -him, the Truth-speaker, sate ye, Earth and Heaven.

Mandala 3, Hymn 27.

1. IN ladle dropping oil your food goes in oblation up to heaven,
     Goes to the Gods in search of bliss.
2. Agni I laud, the Sage inspired, crowner of sacrifice through song,
     Who listens and gives bounteous gifts.
3. O Agni, if we might obtain control of thee the potent God,
     Then should we overcome our foes.
4. Kindled at sacrifices he is Agni, hallower, meet for praise,
     With flame for hair: to him we seek.
5. Immortal Agni, shining far, enrobed with oil, well worshipped, bears
     The gifts of sacrifice away.
6. The priests with ladles lifted up, worshipping here with holy thought,
     Have brought this Agni for our aid.
7. Immortal, Sacrificer, God, with wondrous power he leads the way,
     Urging the great assembly on.
8. Strong, he is set on deeds ofstrength. In sacrifices led in front,
     As Singer he completes the rite.
9. Excellent, he was made by thought. The Germ of beings have I gained,
     Yea, and die Sire of active strength.
10. Thee have I stablished, Excellent, O strengthened by the sage’s prayer,
     Thee, Agni, longing, nobly bright.
11. Agni, the swift and active One, singers, at time of sacrifice,
     Eagerly kindle with their food.
12. Agni the Son of Strength who shines up to the heaven in solemn rites,
     The wise of heart, I glorify.
13. Meet to be lauded and adored, showing in beauty through the dark,
     Agni, the Strong, is kindled well.
14. Agni is kindled as a bull, like a horsebearer of the Gods:
     Men with oblations worship him.
15. Thee will we kindle as a bull, we who are Bulls ourselves, O Bull.
     Thee, Agni, shining mightily.

Mandala 3, Hymn 28.

1. AGNI who knowest all, accept our offering and the cake of meal,
     At dawn’s libation, rich in prayer!
2. Agni, the sacrificial cake hath been prepared and dressed for thee:
     Accept it, O Most Youthful God.
3. Agni, enjoy the cake of meal and our oblation three days old:
     Thou, Son of Strength, art stablished at our sacrifice.
4. Here at the midday sacrifice enjoy thou the sacrificial cake, wise, Jatavedas!
     Agni, the sages in assemblies never minish the portion due to thee the Mighty.
5. O Agni, at the third libation takewith joy the offered cake of sacrifice, thou, Son of Strength.
     Through skill in song bear to the Gods our sacrifice, watchful and fraught with riches, to Immortal God.
6. O waxing Agni, knower, thou, of all, accept our gifts, the cake,
     And that prepared ere yesterday.

Mandala 3, Hymn 29.

1. HERE is the gear for friction, here tinder made ready for the spark.
     Bring thou the Matron: we will rub Agni in ancient fashion forth.
2. 1n the two fire-sticks Jatavedas lieth, even as the well-set germ in pregnant women,
     Agni who day by day must be exalted by men who watch and worship with oblations.
3. Lay this with care on that which lies extended: straight hath she borne the Steerwhen made prolific.
     With his red pillar-radiant is his splendour -in our skilled task is born the Son of Ila.
4. In Ila’s place we set thee down, upon the central point of earth,
     That, Agni Jatavedas, thou mayst bear our offerings to the Gods.
5. Rub into life, ye men, the Sage, the guileless, Immortal, very wise and fair to look on.
     O men, bring forth the most propitious Agni, first ensign of the sacrifice to eastward.
6. When with their arms they rub him straight he shineth forth like a strong courser, red in colour, in the wood.
     Bright, checkless, as it were upon the Atvins’ path, lie passeth by the stones and burneth up the grass.
7. Agni shines forth when born, observant, mighty, the bountiful, the Singar praised by sages;
     Whom, as adorable and knowing all things, Gods set at solemn rites as offeringbearer.
8. Set thee, O Priest, in, thine own place, observant: lay down the sacrifice in the home of worship.
     Thou, dear to Gods, shalt serve them with oblation: Agni, give long life to the sacrificer.
9. Raise ye a mighty smoke, my fellow-workers! Ye shall attain to wealth without obstruction.
     This Agni is the battle-winning Hero by whom the Gods have overcome the Dasyus.
10. This is thine ordered place of birth whence sprung to life thou shonest forth.
     Knowing this, Agni, sit thee down, and prosper thou the songs we sing.
11. As Germ Celestial he is called Tanunapat, and Narasamsa born diffused in varied shape.
     Formed in his Mother he is Matarisvan; he hath, in his course, become the rapid flight of wind.
12. With strong attrition rubbed to life, laid down with careful hand, a Sage,
     Agni, make sacrifices good, and for the pious bring the Gods.
13. Mortals have brought to life the God Immortal, the Conqueror with mighty jaws, unfailing.
     The sisters ten, unwedded and united, together grasp the Babe, the new-born Infant.
14. Served by the seven priests, he shone forth from ancient time, when in his Mother’s bosom, in her lap, he glowed.
     Giving delight each day he closeth not his eye, since from the Asura’s body hewas brought to life.
15. Even as the Maruts, onslaughts who attack the foe, those born the first of all knew the full power of prayer.
     The Kusikas have made the glorious hymn ascend, and, each one singly in his home, have kindled fire.
16. As we, O Priest observant, have elected thee this day, what time the solemn sacrifice began,
     So surely hast thou worshipped, surely hast thou toiled: come thou unto the Soma, wise and knowing all.

Mandala 3, Hymn 30.

1. THE friends who offer Soma long to find thee: they pour forth Soma and present their viands.
     They bear unmoved the cursing of the people, for all our wisdom comes from thee, O Indra.
2. Not far for thee are mid-air’s loftiest regions: start hither, Lord of Bays, with thy Bay Horses.
     Made for the Firm and Strong are these libations. The pressing-stones are set and fire is kindled.
3. Fair cheeks hath Indra, Maghavan, the Victor, Lord of a great host, Stormer, strong in action.
     What once thou didst in might when mortals vexed thee,-where now, O Bull, are those thy hero exploits?
4. For, overthrowing what hath ne’er been shaken, thou goest forth alone destroying Vrtras.
     For him who followeth thy Law the mountains and heaven and earth stand as if firmly stablished.
5. Yea, Much-invoked! in safety through thy glories alone thou speakest truth as Vrtra’s slayer.
     E’en these two boundless worlds to thee, O Indra, what time thou graspest them, are but a handful.
6. Forthwith thy Bay steeds down the steep, O Indra, forth, crushing foemen, go thy bolt of thunder!
     Slay those who meet thee, those who flee, who follow: make all thy promise true; be all completed.
7. The man to whom thou givest as Provider enjoys domestic plenty undivided.
     Blest, Indra, is thy favour dropping fatness: thy worship, Much-invoked! brings gifts in thousands.
8. Thou, Indra, Much-invoked! didst crush to pieces Kunaru handless fiend who dwelt with Danu.
     Thou with might, Indra, smotest dead the scorner, the footless Vrtra as he waxed in vigour.
9. Thou hast established in her seat, O Indra, the level earth, vast, vigorous, unbounded.
     The Bull hath propped the heaven and air’s mid-region. By thee sent onward let the floods flow hither.
10. He who withheld the kine, in silence I yielded in fear before thy blow, O Indra.
     He made paths easy to drive forth the cattle. Loud-breathing praises helped the Much-invoked One.
11. Indra alone filled full the earth and heaven, the Pair who meet together, rich in treasures.
     Yea, bring thou near us from the air’s mid-region strength, on thy car, and wholesome food, O Hero.
12. Surya transgresses not the ordered limits set daily by the Lord of Tawny Coursers.
     When to the goal he comes, his journey ended, his Steeds he looses: this is Indra’s doing.
13. Men gladly in the course of night would look on the broad bright front of the refulgent Morning;
     And all acknowledge, when she comes in glory, the manifold and goodly works of Indra.
14. A mighty splendour rests upon her bosom: bearing ripe milk the Cow, unripe, advances.
     All sweetness is collected in the Heifer, sweetness which Indra made for our enjoyment.
15. Barring the way they come. Be firm, O Indra; aid friends to sacrifice and him who singeth.
     These must be slain by thee, malignant mortals, armed with ill arts, our quiverbearing foemen.
16. A cry is beard from enemies most near us: against them send thy fiercest-flaming weapon.
     Rend them from under, crush them and subdue them. Slay, Maghavan, and make the fiends our booty.
17. Root up the race of Raksasas, O Indra rend it in front and crush it in the middle.
     How long hast thou bebaved as one who wavers? Cast thy hot dart at him who hates devotion:
18. When borne by strong Steeds for our weal, O Leader, thou seatest thee at many noble viands.
     May we be winners of abundant riches. May Indra be our wealth with store of children.
19. Bestow on us resplendent wealth. O Indra let us enjoy thine overflow of bounty.
     Wide as a sea our longing hath expanded, fulfil it, O thou Treasure-Lord of treasures.
20. With kine and horses satisfy this longing with very splendid bounty skill extend it.
     Seeking the light, with hymns to thee, O Indra, Kusikas have brought their gift, the singers.
21. Lord of the kine, burst the kine’s stable open: cows shall be ours, and strength that wins the booty.
     Hero, whose might is true, thy home is heaven: to us, O Maghavan, grant gifts of cattle.
22. Call we on Maghavan, auspicious Indra, best Hero in this fight where spoil is gathered,
     The Strong who listens, who gives aid in battles, who slays the Vrtras, wins and gathers riches.

Mandala 3, Hymn 31.

1. WISE, teaching, following the thought of Order, the sonless gained a grandson from his daughter.
     Fain, as a sire, to see his child prolific, he sped to meet her with an eager spirit.
2. The Son left not his portion to the brother, he made a home to hold him who should gain, it.
     What time his Parents gave the Priest his being, of the good pair one acted, one promoted.
3. Agni was born trembling with tongue that flickered, so that the Red’s great children should be honoured.
     Great is their germ, that born of them is mighty, great the Bays’ Lord’s approach through sacrifices.
4. Conquering bands upon the Warrior waited: they recognized great light from out the darkness.
     The conscious Dawns went forth to meet his coming, and the sole Master of the kine was Indra.
5. The sages freed them from their firmbuilt prison: the seven priests drove them forward with their spirit.
     All holy Order’s pathway they discovered he, full of knowledge, shared these deeds through worship.
6. When Sarama had found the mountain’s fissure, that vast and ancient place she plundered thoroughly.
     In the floods’ van she led them forth, light-footed: she who well knew came first unto their lowing.
7. Longing for friendship came the noblest singer: the hill poured forth its treasure for the pious.
     The Hero with young followers fought and conquered, and straightway Angiras was singing praises,
8. Peer of each noble thing, yea, all excelling, all creatures doth he know, he slayeth Susna.
     Our leader, fain for war, singing from heaven, as Friend he saved his lovers from dishonour.
9. They sate them down with spirit fain for booty, making with hymns a way to life eternal.
     And this is still their place of frequent session, whereby they sought to gain the months through Order.
10. Drawing the milk of ancient seed prolific, they joyed as they beheld their own possession.
     Their shout of triumph heated earth and heaven. When the kine showed, they bade the heroes rouse them.
11. Indra drove forth the kine, that Vrtra-slayer, while hymns of praise rose up and gifts were offered.
     For him the Cow, noble and far-extending, poured pleasant juices, bringing oil and sweetness.
12. They made a mansion for their Father, deftly provided him a great and glorious dwelling;
     With firm support parted and stayed the Parents, and, sitting, fixed him there erected, mighty.
13. What time the ample chalice had impelled him, swift waxing, vast, to pierce the earth and heaven,-
     Him in whom blameless songs are all united: all powers invincible belong to Indra.
14. I crave thy powers, I crave thy mighty friendship: full many a team goes to the Vrtra-slayer.
     Great is the laud, we seek the Princes’ favour. Be thou, O Maghavan, our guard and keeper.
15. He, having found great, splendid, rich dominion, sent life and motion to his friends and lovers.
     Indra who shone together with the Heroes begot the song, the fire, and Sun and Morning.
16. Vast, the House-Friend, he set the waters flowing, all-lucid, widely spread, that move together.
     By the wise cleansings of the meath made holy, through days, and nights they speed the swift streams onward.
17. To thee proceed the dark, the treasure-holders, both of them sanctified by Surya’s bounty.
     The while thy ovely storming Friends, O Indra, fail to attain the measure of thy greatness.
18. Be Lord of joyous songs, O Vrtra-slayer, Bull dear to all, who gives the power of living.
     Come unto us with thine auspicious friendship, hastening, Mighty One, with mighty succours.
19. Like Angiras I honour him with worship, and renovate old song for him the Ancient.
     Chase thou the many godless evil creatures, and give us, Maghavan, heaven’s light to help m.
20. Far forth are spread the purifying waters convey thou us across them unto safety.
     Save us, our Charioteer, from harm, O Indra, soon, very soon, make us win spoil of cattle.
21. His kine their Lord hath shown, e’en Vrtra’s slayer, through the black hosts he passed with red attendants.
     Teaching us pleasant things by holy Order, to, us hath he thrown open all his portals.
22. Call we on Maghavan, auspicious Indra, best Hero in this fight where spoil is gathered.
     The Strong who listens, who gives aid in battles, who slays the Vrtras, wins and gathers riches.

Mandala 3, Hymn 32.

1. DRINK thou this Soma, Indra, Lord of Soma; drink thou the draught of noonday which thou Iovest.
     Puffing thy cheeks, impetuous, liberal Giver, here loose thy two Bay Horses and rejoice thee.
2. Quaff it pure, meal-blent, mixt with milk, O Indra; we have poured forth the Soma for thy rapture.
     Knit with the prayer-fulfilling band of Maruts, yea, with the Rudras, drink till thou art sated;
3. Those who gave increase to thy strength and vigour; the Maruts singing forth thy might, O Indra.
     Drink thou, O fair of cheek, whose hand wields thunder, with Rudras banded, at our noon libation.
4. They, even the Maruts who were there, excited with song the meath-created strength of Indra.
     By them impelled to act he reached the vitals Of Vrtra, though he deemed that none might wound him.
5. Pleased, like a man, with our libation, Indra, drink, for enduring hero might, the Soma.
     Lord of Bays, moved by sacrifice come hither: thou with the Swift Ones stirrest floods and waters.
6. When thou didst loose the streams to run like racers in the swift contest, having smitten Vrtra
     With flying weapon where he lay, O Indra, and, godless, kept the Goddesses encompassed.
7. With reverence let us worship mighty Indra, great and sublime, eternal, everyouthful,
     Whose greatness the dear world-halves have not measured, no, nor conceived the might of him the Holy.
8. Many are Indra’s nobly wrought achievements, and none of all the Gods transgress his statutes.
     He beareth up this earth and heaven, and, doer of marvels, he begot the Sun and Morning.
9. Herein, O Guileless One, is thy true greatness, that soon as born thou drankest up the Soma.
     Days may not check the power of thee the Mighty, nor the nights, Indra, nor the months, nor autumns.
10. As soon as thou wast born in highest heaven thou drankest Soma to delight thee, Indra;
     And when thou hadst pervaded earth and heaven thou wast the first supporter of the singer.
11. Thou, puissant God, more mighty, slewest. Ahi showing his strength when couched around the waters.
     The heaven itself attained not to thy greatness when with one hip of thine the earth was shadowed.
12. Sacrifice, Indra, made thee wax so mighty, the dear oblation with the flowing Soma.
     O Worshipful, with worship help our worship, for worship helped thy bolt when slaying Ahi.
13. With sacrifice and wish have I brought Indra; still for new blessings may I turn him hither,
     Him magnified by ancient songs and praises, by lauds of later time and days yet recent.
14. I have brought forth a song when longing seized me: ere the decisive day will I laud Indra;
     Then may lie safely bear us over trouble, as in a ship, when both sides invocate him.
15. Full is his chalice: Glory! Like a pourer I have filled up the vessel for his drinking.
     Presented on the right, dear Soma juices have brought us Indra, to rejoice him, hither.
16. Not the deep-flowing flood, O Much-invoked One! not hills that compass thee about restrain thee,
     Since here incited, for thy friends, O Indra, thou breakest e’en the firm built stall of cattle.
17. Call we on Maghavan, auspicious Indra, best Hero in this fight where spoil is gathered,
     The Strong who listens, who gives aid in battles, who slays the Vrtras, wins and gathers riches.

Mandala 3, Hymn 33.

1. FORTH from the bosom of the mountains, eager as two swift mares with loosened rein contending,
     Like two bright mother cows who lick their youngling, Vipas and Sutudri speed down their waters.
2. Impelled by Indra whom ye pray to urge you, ye move as ‘twere on chariots to the ocean.
     Flowing together, swelling with your billows, O lucid Streams, each of you seeks the other.
3. I have attained the most maternal River, we have approached Vipas, the broad, the blessed.
     Licking as ‘twere their calf the pair of Mothers flow onward to their common home together.
4. We two who rise and swell with billowy waters move forward to the home which Gods have made us.
     Our flood may not be stayed when urged to motion. What would the singer, calling to the Rivers?
5. Linger a little at my friendly bidding rest, Holy Ones, a moment in your journey.
     With hymn sublime soliciting your favour Kusika’s son hath called unto the River.
6. Indra who wields the thunder dug our channels: he smote down Vrtra, him who stayed our currents.
     Savitar, God, the lovely-handed, led us, and at his sending forth we flow expanded.
7. That hero deed of Indra must be lauded for ever that he rent Ahi in pieces.
     He smote away the obstructors with his thunder, and eager for their course forth flowed the waters.
8. Never forget this word of thine, O singer, which future generations shall reecho.
     In hymns, O bard, show us thy loving kindness. Humble us not mid men. To thee be honour!
9. List quickly, Sisters, to the bard who cometh to you from far away with car and wagon.
     Bow lowly down; be easy to be traversed stay, Rivers, with your floods below our axles.
10. Yea, we will listen to thy words, O singer. With wain and car from far away thou comest.
     Low, like a nursing mother, will I bend me, and yield me as a maiden to her lover.
11. Soon as the Bharatas have fared across thee, the warrior band, urged on and sped by Indra,
     Then let your streams flow on in rapid motion. I crave your favour who deserve our worship.
12. The warrior host, the Bharatas, fared over the singer won the favour of the Rivers.
     Swell with your billows, hasting, pouring riches. Fill full your channels, and roll swiftly onward.
13. So let your wave bear up the pins, and ye, O Waters, spare the thongs;
     And never may the pair of Bulls, harmless and sinless, waste away.

Mandala 3, Hymn 34.

1. FORT-RENDER, Lord of Wealth, dispelling foemen, Indra with lightnings hath o’ercome the Dasa.
     Impelled by prayer and waxen great in body, he hath filled earth and heaven, the Bounteous Giver.
2. I stimulate thy zeal, the Strong, the Hero decking my song of praise forth; Immortal.
     O Indra, thou art equally the Leader of heavenly hosts and human generations.
3. Leading, his band Indra encompassed Vrtra; weak grew the wily leader of enchanters.
     He who burns fierce in forests slaughtered Vyamsa, and made the Milch-kine of the nights apparent.
4. Indra, light-winner, days’ Creator, conquered, victorious, hostile bands with those who loved him.
     For man the days’ bright ensign he illumined, and found the light for his joy and gladness.
5. Forward to fiercely falling blows pressed Indra, herolike doing many hero exploits.
     These holy songs he taught the bard who gaised him, and widely spread these Dawns’ resplendent colour.
6. They laud the mighty acts of him the Mighty, the many glorious deeds performed by Indra.
     He in his strength, with all-surpassing prowess, through wondrous arts crushed the malignant Dasyus.
7. Lord of the brave, Indra who rules the people gave freedom to the Gods by might and battle.
     Wise singers glorify with chanted praises these his achievements in Vivasvan’s dwelling.
8. Excellent, Conqueror, the victory-giver, the winner of the light and Godlike Waters,
     He who hath won this broad earth and this heaven, -in Indra they rejoice who love devotions.
9. He gained possession of the Sun and Horses, Indra obtained the Cow who feedeth many.
     Treasure of gold he won; he smote the Dasyus, and gave protection to the Aryan colour.
10. He took the plants and days for his possession; he gained the forest trees and air’s mid-region.
     Vala he cleft, and chased away opponents: thus was he tamer of the overweening.
11. Call we on Maghavan, auspicious Indra, best Hero in the fight where spoil is gathered,
     The Strong, who listens, who gives aid in battles, who slays the Vrtras, wins and gathers treasures.

Mandala 3, Hymn 35.

1. MOUNT the Bay Horses to thy chariot harnessed, and come to us like Vayu with his coursers.
     Thou, hastening to us, shalt drink the Soma. Hail, Indra. We have poured it for thy rapture.
2. For him, the God who is invoked by many, the two swift Bay Steeds to the pole I harness,
     That they in fleet course may bring Indra hither, e’en to this sacrifice arranged completely.
3. Bring the strong Steeds who drink the warm libation, and, Bull of Godlike nature, be thou gracious.
     Let thy Steeds eat; set free thy Tawny Horses, and roasted grain like this consume thou daily.
4. Those who are yoked by prayer I harness, fleet friendly Bays who take their joy together.
     Mounting thy firm and easy car, O Indra, wise and all-knowing come thou to the Soma.
5. No other worshippers must stay beside them thy Bays, thy vigorous and smooth-backed Coursers.
     Pass by them all and hasten onward hither: with Soma pressed we will prepare to feast thee.
6. Thine is this Sorna: hasten to approach it. Drink thou thereof, benevolent, and cease not.
     Sit on the sacred grass at this our worship, and take these drops into thy belly, Indra.
7. The grass is strewn for thee, pressed is the Soma; the grain is ready for thy Bays to feed on.
     To thee who lovest them, the very mighty, strong, girt by Maruts, are these gifts presented.
8. This the sweet draught, with cows, the men, the mountains, the waters, Indra, have for thee made ready.
     Come, drink thereof, Sublime One, friendly-minded, foreseeing, knowing well the ways thou goest.
9. The Maruts, they with whom thou sharedst Soma, Indra, who made thee strong and were thine army,-
     With these accordant, eagerly desirous drink thou this Soma with the tongue of Agni.
10. Drink, Indra, of the juice by thine own nature, or by the tongue of Agni, O thou Holy.
     Accept the sacrificial gift, O Sakra, from the Adhvaryu’s hand or from the Hotar’s.
11. Call we on Maghavan, auspicious Indra, best Hero in the fight where spoil is gathered,
     The Strong, who listens, who.gives aid in battles, who slays the Vrtras, wins and gathers riches.

Mandala 3, Hymn 36.

1. WITH constant succours, fain thyself to share it, make this oblation which we bring effective.
     Grown great through strengthening gifts at each libation, he hath become renowned by mighty exploits.
2. For Indra were the Somas erst- discovered, whereby he grew strong-jointed, vast, and skilful.
     Indra , take quickly these presented juices: drink of the strong, that which the strong have shaken.
3. Drink and wax great. Thine are the juices, Indra, both Somas of old time and these we bring thee.
     Even as thou drankest, Indra, earlier Somas, so drink to-day, a new guest, meet for praises.
4. Great and impetuous, mighty-voiced in battle, surpassing power is his, and strength resistless.
     Him the broad earth hath never comprehended when Somas cheered the Lord of Tawny Coursers.
5. Mighty and strong he waxed for hero exploit: the Bull was furnished a Sage’s wisdom.
     Indra is our kind Lord; his steers have vigour; his cows are many with abundant offspring.
6. As floods according to their stream flow onward, so to the sea, as borne on cars, the waters.
     Vaster is Indra even than his dwelling, what time the stalk milked out, the Soma, fills him.
7. Eager to mingle with the sea, the rivers carry the well-pressed Soma juice to Indra.
     They drain the stalk out with their arms, quick-banded, and cleanse it with a stream of mead and filters.
8. Like lakes appear his flanks filled full with Soma: yea, he contains libations in abundance.
     When Indra had consumed the first sweet viands, he, after slaying Vrtra, claimed the Soma.
9. Then bring thou hither, and let none prevent it: we know thee well, the Lord of wealth and treasure.
     That splendid gift which is thine own, O Indra, vouchsafe to us, Lord of the Tawny Coursers.
10. O Indra, Maghavan, impetuous mover, grant us abundant wealth that brings all blessings.
     Give us a hundred autumns for our lifetime: give us, O fair-checked Indra, store of heroes.
11. Call we on Indra, Maghavan, auspicious, best Hero in the fight where spoil is gathered,
     The Strong, who listens, who gives aid in battles, who slays the Vrtras, wins and gathers riches.

Mandala 3, Hymn 37.

1. O INDRA, for the strength that slays Vrtra and conquers in the fight,
     We turn thee hitherward to us.
2. O Indra, Lord of Hundred Powers, may those who praise thee hitherward.
     Direct thy spirit and thine eye.
3. O Indra, Lord of Hundred Powers, with all our songs we invocate
     Thy names for triumph over foes.
4. We strive for glory through the powers immense of him whom many praise,
     Of Indra who supports mankind.
5. For Vrtra’s slaughter I address Indra whom many invocate,
     To win us booty in the wars.
6. In battles be victorious. We seek thee, Lord of Hundred Powers,
     Indra, that Vrtra may be slain.
7. In splendid combats of the hosts, in glories where the fight is won.
     Indra, be victor over foes.
8. Drink thou the Soma for our help, bright, vigilant, exceeding strong,
     O Indra, Lord of Hundred Powers.
9. O Satakratu, powers which thou mid the Five Races hast displayed-
     These, Indra, do I claim of thee.
10. Indra, great glory hast thou gained. Win splendid fame which none may mar
     We make thy might perpetual.
11. Come to us either from anear, Or, Sakra, come from far away.
     Indra, wherever be thy home, come to us thence, O Thunder-armed.

Mandala 3, Hymn 38.

1. HASTING like some strong courser good at drawing, a thought have I imagined like a workman.
     Pondering what is dearest and most noble, I long to see the sages full of wisdom.
2. Ask of the sages’ mighty generations firm-minded and devout they framed the heaven.
     These are thy heart-sought strengthening directions, and they have come to be sky’s upholders.
3. Assuming in this world mysterious natures, they decked the heaven and earth for high dominion,
     Measured with measures, fixed their broad expanses, set the great worlds apart held firm for safety.
4. Even as he mounted up they all adorned him: self-luminous he travels clothed in splendour.
     That is the Bull’s, the Asura’s mighty figure: he, omniform, hath reached the eternal waters.
5. First the more ancient Bull engendered offspring; these are his many draughts that lent him vigour.
     From days of old ye Kings, two Sons of Heaven, by hymns of sacrifice have won dominion.
6. Three seats ye Sovrans, in the Holy synod, many, yea, all, ye honour with your presence.
     There saw I, going thither in the spirit, Gandharvas in their course with wind-blown tresses.
7. That same companionship of her, the Milch-cow, here with the strong Bull’s divers forms they stablished.
     Enduing still some new celestial figure, the skilful workers shaped a form around him.
8. Let no one here debar me from enjoying the golden light which Savitar diffuses.
     He covers both all-fostering worlds with praises even as a woman cherishes her children.
9. Fulfil, ye twain, his work, the Great, the Ancient: as heavenly blessing keep your guard around us.
     All the wise Gods behold his varied actions who stands erect, whose voice is like a herdsman’s.
10. Call we on Indra, Maghavan, auspicious, best Hero in the fight where spoil is gathered,
     The Strong, who listens, who gives aid in battles, who slays the Vrtras, wins and gathers riches.

Mandala 3, Hymn 39.

1. To Indra from the heart the hymn proceedeth, to him the Lord, recited, built with praises;
     The wakening song sung forth in holy synod: that which is born for thee, O Indra, notice.
2. Born from the heaven e’en in the days aforetime, wakening, sting aloud in holy synod,
     Auspicious, clad in white and shining raiment, this is the ancient hymn of our forefathers.
3. The Mother of the Twins hath borne Twin Children: my tongue’s tip raised itself and rested silent.
     Killing the darkness at the light’s foundation, the Couple newly born attain their beauty.
4. Not one is found among them, none of mortals, to blame our sires who fought to win the cattle.
     Their strengthener was Indra the Majestic he spread their stalls of kine the Wonder-Worker.
5. Where as a Friend with friendly men, Navagvas, with heroes, on his knees he sought the cattle.
     There, verily with ten Dasagvas Indra found the Sun lying hidden in the darkness.
6. Indra found meath collected in the milch-cow, by foot and hoof, in the cow’s place of pasture.
     That which lay secret, hidden in the waters, he held in his right hand, the rich rewarder.
7. He took the light, discerning it from darkness: may we be far removed from all misfortune.
     These songs, O Soma-drinker, cheered by Soma, Indra, accept from thy most zealous poet.
8. Let there be light through both the worlds for worship: may we be far from most overwhelming evil.
     Great woe comes even from the hostile mortal, piled up; but good at rescue are the Vasus.
9. Call we on Maghavan, auspicious Indra, best Hero in the fight where spoil is gathered,
     The Strong, who listens, who gives aid in battles, who slays the Vrtras, wins and gathers riches.

Mandala 3, Hymn 40.

1. THEE, Indra, we invoke, the Bull, what time the Soma is expressed.
     So drink thou of the savoury juice.
2. Indra, whom many laud, accept the strength-conferring Soma juice:
     Quaff, pour down drink that satisfies.
3. Indra, with all the Gods promote our wealth-bestowing sacrifice,
     Thou highly-lauded Lord of men.
4. Lord of the brave, to thee proceed these drops of Soma juice expressed,
     The bright drops to thy dwelling-place.
5. Within thy belly, Indra, take juice, Soma the most excellent: Thine are the drops celestial.
6. Drink our libation, Lord of hymns: with streams of meath thou art bedewed
     Our glory, Indra, is thy gift.
7. To Indra go the treasures of the worshipper, which never fail:
     He drinks the Soma and is strong
8. From far away, from near at hand, O Vrtra-slayer, come to us:
     Accept the songs we sing to thee.
9. When from the space between the near and far thou art invoked by us,
     Thence, Indra. come thou hitherward.

Mandala 3, Hymn 41.

1. INVOKED to drink the Soma juice, come with thy Bay Steeds, Thunder-armed
     Come, Indra, hitherward to me.
2. Our priest is seated, true to time; the grass is regularly strewn;
     The pressing-stones were set at morn.
3. These prayers, O thou who hearest prayer are offered: seat thee on the grass.
     Hero, enjoy the offered cake.
4. O Vrtra-slayer, be thou pleased with these libations, with these hymns,
     Song-loving Indra, with our lauds.
5. Our hymns caress the Lord of Strength, vast, drinker of the Soma’s juice,
     Indra, as mother-cows their calf.
6. Delight thee with the juice we pour for thine own great munificence:
     Yield not thy singer to reproach.
7. We, Indra, dearly loving thee, bearing oblation, sing thee hymns
     Thou, Vasu, dearly lovest us.
8. O thou to whom thy Bays are dear, loose not thy Horses far from us:
     Here glad thee, Indra, Lord divine.
9. May long-maned Coursers, dropping oil, bring thee on swift car hitherward,
     Indra, to seat thee on the grass.

Mandala 3, Hymn 42.

1. COME to the juice that we have pressed, to Sorna, Indra, bleat with milk:
     Come, favouring us, thy Bay-drawn car!
2. Come, Indra, to this gladdening drink, placed on the grass, pressed out with stones:
     Wilt thou not drink thy fill thereof?
3. To Indra have my songs of praise gone forth, thus rapidly sent hence,
     To turn him to the Soma-draught.
4. Hither with songs of praise we call Indra to drink the Soma juice:
     Will he not come to us by lauds?
5. Indra, these Somas are expressed. Take them within thy belly, Lord
     Of Hundred Powers, thou Prince of Wealth.
6. We know thee winner of the spoil, and resolute in battles, Sage!
     Therefore thy blessing we implore.
7. Borne hither by thy Stallions, drink, Indra, this juice which we have pressed,
     Mingled with barley and with milk.
8. Indra, for thee, in thine own place, I urge the Soma for thy draught:
     Deep in thy heart let it remain,
9. We call on thee, the Ancient One, Indra, to drink the Soma juice,
     We Kusikas who seek thine aid.

Mandala 3, Hymn 43.

1. MOUNTED upon thy chariot-seat approach us: thine is the Sorna-draught from days aforetime.
     Loose for the sacred grass thy dear companions. These men who bring oblation call thee hither.
2. Come our true Friend, passing by many people; come with thy two Bay Steeds to our devotions;
     For these our hymns are calling thee, O Indra, hymns formed for praise, soliciting thy friendship.
3. Pleased, with thy Bay Steeds, Indra, God, come quickly to this our sacrifice that heightens worship;
     For with my thoughts, presenting oil to feed thee, I call thee to the feast of sweet libations.
4. Yea, let thy two Bay Stallions bear thee hither, well limbed and good to draw, thy dear companions.
     Pleased with the corn-blent offering which we bring thee, may Indra, Friend, hear his friend’s adoration.
5. Wilt thou not make me guardian of the people, make me, impetuous Maghavan, their ruler?
     Make me a Rsi having drunk of Soma? Wilt thou not give me wealth that lasts for ever?
6. Yoked to thy chariot, led thy tall Bays, Indra, companions of thy banquet, bear thee hither,
     Who from of old press to heaven’s farthest limits, the Bull’s impetuous and well-groomed Horses.
7. Drink of the strong pressed out by strong ones, Indra, that which the Falcon brought thee when thou longedst;
     In whose wild joy thou stirrest up the people, in whose wild joy thou didst unbar the cow-stalls.
8. Call we on Indra, Makhavan, auspicious, best Hero in the fight where spoil is gathered;
     The Strong, who listens, who gives aid in battles, who slays the Vrtras, wins and gathers riches.

Mandala 3, Hymn 44.

1. May this delightsome Soma be expressed for thee by tawny stones.
     Joying thereat, O Indra, with thy Bay Steeds come:. ascend thy golden-coloured car.
2. In love thou madest Usas glow, in love thou madest Surya shine.
     Thou, Indra, knowing, thinking, Lord of Tawny Steeds, above all glories waxest great.
3. The heaven with streams of golden hue, earth with her tints of green and gold-
     The golden Pair yield Indra plenteous nourishment: between them moves the golden One.
4. When born to life the golden Bull illumines all the realm of light.
     He takes his golden weapon, Lord of Tawny Steeds, the golden thunder in his arms.
5. The bright, the well-loved thunderbolt, girt with the bright, Indra disclosed,
     Disclosed the Soma juice pressed out by tawny stones, with tawny steeds drave forth the kine.

Mandala 3, Hymn 45.

1. COME hither, Indra, with Bay Steeds, joyous, with tails like peacocks’ plumes.
     Let no men cheek thy course as fowlers stay the bird: pass o’er them as o’er desert lands.
2. He who slew Vrtra, burst the cloud, brake the strongholds and drave the floods,
     Indra who mounts his chariot at his Bay Steeds’ cry, shatters e’en things that stand most firm.
3. Like pools of water deep and full, like kine thou cherishest thy might;
     Like the milch-cows that go well-guarded to the mead, like water-brooks that reach the lake.
4. Bring thou us wealth with power to strike, our share, ‘gainst him who calls it his.
     Shake, Indra, as with hooks, the tree for ripened fruit, for wealth to satisfy our wish.
5. Indra, self-ruling Lord art thou, good Leader, of most glorious fame.
     So, waxen in thy strength, O thou whom many praise, be thou most swift to hear our call.

Mandala 3, Hymn 46.

1. OF thee, the Bull, the Warrior, Sovran Ruler, joyous and fierce, ancient and ever youthful,
     The undecaying One who wields the thunder, renowned and great, great are the exploits, Indra.
2. Great art thou, Mighty Lord, through manly vigour, O fierce One, gathering spoil, subduing others,
     Thyself alone the universe’s Sovran: so send forth men to combat and to rest them.
3. He hath surpassed all measure in his brightness, yea, and the Gods, for none may be his equal.
     Impetuous Indra in his might cxccedcth wide vast mid-air and heaven and earth together.
4. To Indra, even as rivers to the ocean, flow forth from days of old the Soma juices;
     To him wide deep and mighty from his birth-time, the well of holy thoughts, aIl-comprehending.
5. The Soma, Indra, which the earth and heaven bear for thee as a mother bears her infant,
     This they send forth to thee, this, vigorous Hero! Adhvaryus purify for thee to drink of.

Mandala 3, Hymn 47.

1. DRINK, Indra, Marut-girt, as Bull, the Soma, for joy, for rapture even as thou listest.
     Pour down the flood of meath within thy belly: thou from of old art King of Soma juices.
2. Indra, accordant, with the banded Maruts, drink Soma, Hero, as wise Vrtra-slayer.
     Slay thou our foemen, drive away assailants and make us safe on every side from danger.
3. And, drinker at due seasons, drink in season, Indra, with friendly Gods, our pressed-out Soma.
     The Maruts following, whom thou madest sharers, gave thee the victory, and thou slewest Vrtra.
4. Drink Soma, Indra, banded with the Maruts who, Maghavan, strengthened thee at Ahi’s slaughter,
     ‘Gainst Sambara, Lord of Bays! in winning cattle, and now rejoice in thee, the holy Singers.
5. The Bull whose strength hath waxed, whom Maruts follow, free-giving Indra, the celestial Ruler,
     Mighty, all-conquering, the victory-giver, him let us call to grant us new protection.

Mandala 3, Hymn 48.

1. SOON as the young Bull sprang into existence he longed to taste the pressed-out Soma’s liquor.
     Drink thou thy fill, according to thy longing, first, of the goodly mixture blent with Soma.
2. That day when thou wast born thou, fain to taste it, drankest the plant’s milk which the mountains nourish.
     That milk thy Mother first, the Dame who bare thee, poured for thee in thy mighty Father’s dwelling.
3. Desiring food he came unto his Mother, and on her breast beheld the pungent Soma.
     Wise, he moved on, keeping aloof the others, and wrought great exploits in his varied aspects.
4. Fierce, quickly conquering, of surpassing vigour, he framed his body even as he listed.
     E’en from his birth-time Indra conquered Tvastar, bore off the Soma and in beakers drank it.
5. Call we on Maghavan, auspicious Indra, best Hero in the fight where spoil is gathered;
     The Strong, who listens, who gives aid in battles, who slays the Vrtras, wins and gathers riches.

Mandala 3, Hymn 49.

1. GREAT Indra will I laud, in whom all people who drink the Soma have attained their longing;
     Whom, passing wise, Gods, Heaven and Earth, engendered, formed by a Master’s hand, to crush the Vrtras.
2. Whom, most heroic, borne by Tawny Coursers, verily none subdueth in the battle;
     Who, reaching far, most vigorous, hath shortened the Dasyu’s life with Warriors bold of spirit.
3. Victor in fight, swift mover like a warhorse, pervading both worlds, rainer down of blessings,
     To he invoked in war like Bhaga, Father, as ‘twere, of hymns, fair, prompt to hear, strength-giver.
4. Supporting heaven, the high back of the region, his car is Vayu with his team of Vasus.
     Illumining the nights, the Sun’s creator, like Dhisana he deals forth strength and riches.
5. Call we on Maghavan, auspicious Indra, best Hero in the fight where spoil is gathered;
     The Strong, who listens, who gives aid in battles, who slays the Vrtras, wins and gathers treasure.

Mandala 3, Hymn 50.

1. LET Indra drink, All-hail! for his is Soma,-the mighty Bull come, girt by Maruts, hither.
     Far-reaching, let him fill him with these viands, and let our offering sate his body’s longing.
2. I yoke thy pair of trusty Steeds for swiftness, whose faithful service from of old thou lovest.
     Here, fair of cheek! let thy Bay Coursers place thee: drink of this lovely welleffused libation.
3. With milk they made Indra their good Preserver, lauding for help and rule the bounteous rainer.
     Impetuous God, when thou hast drunk the Soma, enraptured send us cattle in abundance.
4. With kine and horses satisfy this longing with very splendid bounty still extend it.
     Seeking the light, with hymns to thee, O Indra, the Kusikas have brought their gift, the singers.
5. Call we on Maghavan, auspicious Indra, best Hero in the fight where spoil is gathered;
     The Strong, who listens, who gives aid in battles, who slays the Vrtras, wins and gathers riches.

Mandala 3, Hymn 51.

1. HIGH hymns have sounded forth the praise of Maghavan, supporter of mankind, of Indra meet for lauds;
     Him who hath waxen great, invoked with beauteous songs, Immortal One, whose praise each day is sung aloud.
2. To Indra from all sides go forth my songs of praise, the Lord of Hundred Powers, strong, Hero, like the sea,
     Swift, winner of the booty, breaker-down of forts, faithful and ever-glorious, finder of the light.
3. Where battle’s spoil is piled the singer winneth praise, for Indra taketh care of matchless worshippers.
     He in Vivasvan’s dwelling findeth his delight: praise thou the ever-conquering slayer of the foe.
4. Thee, valorous, most heroic of the heroes, shall the priests glorify with songg and praises.
     Full of all wondrous power he goes to conquest: worship is his, sole Lord from days aforetime.
5. Abundant are the gifts he gives to mortals: for him the earth bears a rich store of treasures.
     The heavens, the growing plants, the living waters, the forest trees preserve their wealth for Indra.
6. To thee, O Indra, Lord of Bays, for ever are offered prayers and songs: accept them gladly.
     As Kinsman think thou of some fresh assistance; good Friend, give strength and life to those who praise thee.
7. Here, Indra, drink thou Soma with the Maruts, as thou didst drink the juice beside Saryata.
     Under thy guidance, in thy keeping, Hero, the singers serve, skilled in fair sacrifices.
8. So eagerly desirous drink the Soma, our juice, O Indra, with thy friends the Maruts,
     Since at thy birth all Deities adorned thee for the great fight, O thou invoked of many.
9. He was your comrade in your zeal, O Maruts: they, rich in noble gifts, rejoiced in Indra.
     With them together let the Vrtra-slayer drink in his home the worshipper’s libation.
10. So, Lord of affluent gifts, this juice hath been pressed for thee with strength
     Drink of it, thou who lovest song.
11. Incline thy body to this juice which suits thy Godlike nature well:
     May it cheer thee who lovest it.
12. Brave Indra, let it work through both thy flanks, and through thy head by prayer,
     And through thine arms, to prosper us.

Mandala 3, Hymn 52.

1. INDRA, accept at break of day our Soma mixt with roasted corn,
     With groats with cake, with eulogies.
2. Accept, O Indra, and enjoy the well-dressed sacrificial cake: Oblations are poured forth to thee.
3. Consume our sacrificial cake, accept the songs of praise we sing,
     As he who woes accepts his bride.
4. Famed from of old, accept the cake at our libation poured at dawn,
     Forgreat, O Indra, is thy power.
5. Let roasted corn of our midday libation, and sacrificial cake here please thee, Indra,
     What time the lauding singer, keen of purpose and eager as a bull, with hymns implores thee.
6. At the third sacrifice, O thou whom many praise, give glory to the roasted corn and holy cake.
     With offered viands and with songs may we assist thee, Sage, whom Vaja and the Rbhus wait upon.
7. The groats have we prepared for thee with Pusan, corn for thee, Lord of Bay Steeds, with thy horses.
     Eat thou the meal-cake, banded with the Maruts, wise Hero, Vrtra-slayer, drink the Soma.
8. Bring forth the roasted corn to meet him quickly, cake for the bravest Hero mid the heroes.
     Indra, may hymns accordant with thee daily strengthen thee, Bold One, for the draught of Soma.

Mandala 3, Hymn 53.

1. ON a high car, O Parvata and Indra, bring pleasant viands, with brave heroes, hither.
     Enjoy the gifts, Gods, at our sacrifices wax strong by hymns, rejoice in our oblation.
2. Stay still, O Maghavan, advance no farther. a draught of well-pressed Soma will I give thee.
     With sweetest song I grasp, O Mighty Indra, thy garment’s hem as a child grasps his father’s.
3. Adhvaryu, sing we both; sing thou in answer: make we a laud acceptable to Indra.
     Upon this sacrificer’s grass he seated: to Indra shall our eulogy be uttered.
4. A wife, O Maghavan is home and dwelling: so let thy Bay Steeds yoked convey thee hither.
     Whenever we press out for thee the Soma, let Agni as our Herald speed to call thee.
5. Depart, O Maghavan;again come hither: both there and here thy goat is Indra, Brother,
     Where thy tall chariot hath a place to rest in, and where thqu loosest thy loud-neighing Courser.
6. Thou hast drunk Soma, Indra, turn thee homeward; thy joy is in thy home, thy racious Consort;
     Where thy tall chariot hath a place to rest in, and thy strong Courser is set free with guerdon.
7. Bounteous are these, Angirases, Virupas: the Asura’s Heroes and the Sons of Heaven.
     They, giving store of wealth to Visvamitra, prolong his life through countless Soma-pressings.
8. Maghavan weareth every shape at pleasure, effecting magic changes in his body,
     Holy One, drinker out of season, coming thrice, in a moment, through fit prayers, from heaven.
9. The mighty sage, God-born and God-incited, who looks on men, restrained the billowy river.
     When Visvamitra was Sudas’s escort, then Indra through the Kusikas grew friendly.
10. Like swans, prepare a song of praise with pressing-stones, glad in your hymns with juice poured forth in sacrifice.
     Ye singers, with the Gods, sages who look on men, ye Kutikas drink up the Soma’s savoury meath.
11. Come forward, Kusikas, and be attentive; let loose Sudas’s horse to win him riches.
     East, west, and north, let the King slay the foeman, then at earth’s choicest place perform his worship.
12. Praises to Indra have I sung, sustainer of this earth and heaven. This prayer of Visvamitra keeps secure the race of Bharatas.
13. The Visvamitras have sung forth this prayer to Indra Thunder-aimed:
     So let him make us prosperous.
14. Among the Kikatas what do thy cattle? They pour no milky draught, they heat no caldron.
     Bring thou to us the wealth of Pramaganda;give up to us, O Maghavan, the low-born.
15. Sasarpari, the gift of Jamadagnis, hath lowed with mighty voice dispelling famine.
     The Daughter of the Sun hath spread our glory among the Gods, imperishable, deathless.
16. Sasarpari brought glory speedily to these, over the generations of the Fivefold Race;
     Daughter of Paksa, she bestows new vital power, she whom the ancient Jamadagnis gave to me.
17. Strong be the pair of oxen, firm the axles, let not the pole slip nor the yoke be broken.
     May Indra, keep the yoke-pins from decaying: attend us, thou whose fellies are uninjured.
18. O Indra, give our bodies strength, strength to the bulls who draw the wains,
     Strength to our seed and progeny that they may live, for thou art he who giveth strength.
19. Enclose thee in the heart of Khayar timber, in the car wrought of Sinsapa put firmness.
     Show thyself strong, O Axle, fixed and strengthened: throw us not from the car whereon we travel.
20. Let not this sovran of the wood leave us forlorn or injure us.
     Safe may we be until we reach our homes and rest us and unyoke.
21. With various aids this day come to us, Indra, with best aids speed us, Maghavan, thou Hero.
     Let him who hatcth us fall headlong downward: him whom we hate let vital breath abandon.
22. He heats his very axe, and then cuts a mere Semal blossom off.
     O Indra, like a caldron cracked and seething, so he pours out foam.
23. Men notice not the arrow, O ye people; they bring the red beast deeming it a bullock.
     A sluggish steed men run not with the courser, nor ever lead an ass before a charger.
24. These men, the sons of Bharata, O Indra, regard not severance or close connexion.
     They urge their own steed as it were another’s, and take him, swift as the bow’s string, to battle.

Mandala 3, Hymn 54.

1. To him adorable, mighty, meet for synods, this strengthening hymn, unceasing, have they offered.
     May Agni hear us with his homely splendours, hear us, Eternal One, with heavenly lustre.
2. To mighty Heaven and Earth I sing forth loudly: my wish goes out desirous and well knowing
     Both, at whose laud in synods, showing favour, the Gods rejoice them with the living mortal.
3. O Heaven and Earth, may your great law he faithful: he ye our leaders for our high advantage.
     To Heaven and Earth I offer this my homage, with food, O Agni, as I pray for riches.
4. Yea, holy Heaven and Earth, the ancient sages whose word was ever true had power to find you;
     And brave men in the fightwhere heroes conquer, O Earth, have known you well and paid you honour.
5. What pathway leadeth to the Gods? Who knoweth this of a truth, and who will now declare it?
     Seen are their lowest dwelling-places only, but they are in remote and secret regions.
6. The Sage who looketh on mankind hath viewed them bedewed, rejoicing in the seat of Order.
     They make a home as for a bird, though parted, with one same will finding themselves together.
7. Partners though parted, with far-distant limits, on one firm place both stand for ever watchful,
     And, being young for evermore, as sisters, speak to each other names that are united.
8. All living things they part and keep asunder; though bearing up the mighty Gods they reel not.
     One All is Lord of what is fixed and moving, that walks, that flies, this multiform creation.
9. Afar the Ancient from of old I ponder, our kinship with our mighty Sire and Father,-
     Singing the praise whereof the Gods by custom stand on the spacious far-extended pathway.
10. This laud, O Heaven and Earth, to you I utter: let the kind-hearted hear, whose tongue is Agni,
     Young, Sovran Rulers, Varuna and Mitra, the wise and very glorious Adityas.
11. The fair-tongued Savitar, the golden-handed, comes thrice from heaven as Lord in our assembly.
     Bear to the Gods this song of praise, and send us, then, Savitar, complete and perfect safety.
12. Deft worker, skiful-handed, helpful, holy, may Tvastar, God, give us these things to aid us,
     Take your delight, Ye Rbhus joined with Pusan: ye have prepared the rite with stones adjusted.
13. Borne on their flashing car, the spear-armed Maruts, the nimble Youths of Heaven, the Sons of Order,
     The Holy, and Sarasvati, shall hear us: ye Mighty, give us wealth with noble offspring.
14. To Visnu rich in marvels, songs And praises shall go as singers on the road of Bhaga,-
     The Chieftain of the Mighty Stride, whose Mothers, the many young Dames, never disregard him.
15. Indra, who rules through all his powers heroic, hath with his majesty filled earth and heaven.
     Lord of brave hosts, Fort-crusher, Vrtra-slayer, gather thou up and bring us store of cattle.
16. My Sires are the Nasatyas, kind tokinsmen: the Asvins’ kinship is a glorious title.
     For ye are they who give us store of riches: ye guard your gift uncheated by the bounteous.
17. This is, ye Wise, your great and glorious title, that all ye Deities abide in Indra.
     Friend, Much-invoked! art thou with thy dear Rbhus: fashion ye this our hymn for our advantage.
18. Aryaman, Aditi deserve our worship: the laws of Varuna remain unbroken.
     The lot of childlessness remove ye from us, and let our course be rich in kine and offspring.
19. May the Gods’ envoy, sent to many a quarter, proclaim us sinless for our perfect safety.
     May Earth and Heaven, the Sun, the waters, hear us, and the wide firmament and constellations.
20. Hear us the mouatains which distil the rain-drops, and, resting firm, rejoice in freshening moisture.
     May Aditi with the Adityas hear us, and Maruts grant us their auspicious shelter.
21. Soft be our path for ever, well-provisioned: with pleasant meath, O Gods, the herbs besprinkle.
     Safe be my bliss, O Agni, in thy friendship: may I attain the seat of foodful. riches,
22. Enjoy the offering: beam thou strength upon us; combine thou for our good all kinds of glory.
     Conquer in battle, Agni, all those foemen, and light us every day with loving kindness.

Mandala 3, Hymn 55.

1. AT the first shining of the earliest Mornings, in the Cow’s home was born the Great Eternal.
     Now shall the statutes of the Gods be valid. Great is the Gods’ supreme and sole dominion –
2. Let not the Gods here injure us, O Agni, nor Fathers of old time who know the region,
     Nor the sign set between two ancient dwellings. Great is the Gods’ supreme and sole dominion.
3. My wishes fly abroad to many places: I glance back to the ancient sacrifices.
     Let us declare the truth when fire is kindled. Great is the Gods’ supreme and sole dominion.
4. King Universal, born to sundry quarters, extended through the wood be lies on couches.
     One Mother rests: another feeds the Infant. Great is the Gods’ supreme and sole dominion.
5. Lodged in old plants, he grows again in younger, swiftly within the newly-born and tender.
     Though they are unimpregned, he makes them fruitful. Great is the Gods’ supreme and sole dominion.
6. Now lying far away, Child of two Mothers, he wanders unrestrained, the single youngling.
     These are the laws of Varuna and Mitra. Great is the Gods’ supreme and sole dominion.
7. Child of two Mothers, Priest, sole Lord in synods, he still precedes while resting as foundation.
     They who speak sweetly bring him sweet addresses. Great is the Gods’ supreme and sole dominion.
8. As to a friendly warrior when he battles, each thing that comes anear is seen to meet him.
     The hymn commingles with the cow’s oblation. Great is the Gods’ supreme and sole dominion.
9. Deep within these the hoary envoy pierceth; mighty, he goeth to the realm of splendour,
     And looketh on us, clad in wondrous beauty. Great is the Gods’ supreme and sole dominion.
10. Visnu, the guardian, keeps the loftiest station, upholding dear, immortal dwelling-places.
     Agni knows well all these created beings. Great is the Gods’ supreme and sole dominion.
11. Ye, variant Pair, have made yourselves twin beauties: one of the Twain is dark, bright shines the other;
     And yet these two, the dark, the red, are Sisters. Great is the Gods’ supreme and sole dominion.
12. Where the two Cows, the Mother and the Daughter, meet and give suck yielding their lordly nectar,
     I praise them at the seat of law eternal. Great is the Gods’ supreme and sole dominion.
13. Loud hath she lowed, licking the other’s youngling. On what world hath the Milch-cow laid her udder?
     This Ila streameth with the milk of Order. Great is the Gods’ supreme and sole dominion.
14. Earth weareth beauties manifold: uplifted, licking her Calf of eighteen months, she standeth.
     Well-skilled I seek the seat of law eternal. Great is the Gods’ supreme and sole dominion.
15. Within a wondrous place the Twain are treasured: the one is manifest, the other hidden.
     One common pathway leads in two directions. Great is the Gods’ supreme and sole dominion.
16. Let the milch-kine that have no calves storm downward, yielding rich nectar, streaming, unexhausted,
     These who are ever new and fresh and youthful. Great is the Gods’ supreme and sole dominion.
17. What time the Bull bellows in other regions, another herd receives the genial moisture;
     For he is Bhaga, King, the earth’s Protector. Great is the Gods’ supreme and sole dominion.
18. Let us declare the Hero’s wealth in horses, O all ye folk: of this the Gods have knowledge.
     Sixfold they bear him, or by fives are harnessed. Great is the Gods’ supreme and sole dominion.
19. Tvastar the God, the omniform. Creator, begets and feeds mankind in various manner.
     His, verily, arc all these living creatures. Great is the Gods’ supreme dominion.
20. The two great meeting Bowls hath he united: each of the Pair is laden with histreasure.
     The Hero is renowned for gathering riches. Great is the Gods’ supreme and sole dominion.
21. Yea, and on this our earth the All-Sustainer dwells like a King with noble friends about him.
     In his protection heroes rest in safety. Great is the Cods’ supreme and sole dominion.
22. Rich in their gifts for thee are herbs and waters, and earth brings all her wealth for thee, O Indra.
     May we as friends of thine share goodly treasures. Great is the Gods’ supreme and sole dominion.

Mandala 3, Hymn 56.

1. NOT men of magic skill, not men of wisdom impair the Gods’ first steadfast ordinances.
     Ne’er may the earth and heaven which know not malice, nor the fixed hills, be bowed by sage devices.
2. One, moving not away, supports six burthens: the Cows proceed to him the true, the Highest.
     Near stand three Mighty Ones who travel swiftly: two are concealed from sight, one is apparent.
3. The Bull who wears all shapes, the triple-breasted, three-uddered, with a brood in many places,
     Ruleth majestic with his triple aspect, the Bull, the Everlasting Ones’ impregner.
4. When nigh them, as their tracer he observed them: he called aloud the dear name of Adityas.
     The Goddesses, the Waters, stayed to meet him: they who were wandering separate enclosed him.
5. Streams! the wise Gods have thrice three habitations. Child of three Mothers, he is Lord in synods.
     Three are the holy Ladies of the Waters, thrice here from heaven supreme in our assembly.
6. Do thou, O Savitar, from heaven thrice hither, three times a day, send down thy blessings daily.
     Send us, O Bhaga, triple wealth and treasure; cause the two worlds to prosper us, Preserver!
7. Savitar thrice from heaven pours down abundance, and the fair-handed Kings Varuna, Mitra;
     And spacious Heaven and Earth, yea, and the Waters, solicit wealth that Savitar may send us.
8. Three are the bright realms, best, beyond attainment, and three, the Asura’s Heroes, rule as Sovrans,
     Holy and vigorous, never to be injured. Thrice may the Gods from heaven attend our synod.

Mandala 3, Hymn 57.

1. MY thought with fine discernment hath discovered the Cow who wanders free without a herdsman,
     Her who hath straightway poured me food in plenty: Indra and Agni therefore are her praisers.
2. Indra and Pusan, deft of hand and mighty, well-pleased have drained the heaven’s exhaustless udder.
     As in this praise the Gods have all delighted, may I win blessing here from you, O Vasus.
3. Fain to lend vigour to the Bull, the siste.. with reverence recognize the germ within him.
     The Cows come lowing hither to the Youngling, to him endued with great and wondrous beauties.
4. Fixing with thought, at sacrifice, the press-stones, I bid the well-formed Heaven and Earth come hither;
     For these thy flames, which give men boons in plenty, rise up on high, the beautiful, the holy.
5. Agni, thy meath-sweet tongue that tastes fair viands, which among Gods is called the far-extended,-
     Therewith make all the Holy Odes be seated here for our help, and feed them with sweet juices.
6. Let thy stream give us drink, O God, O Agni, wonderful and exhaustless like the rain-clouds.
     Thus care for us, O Vasu Jatavedas, show us thy loving-kindness, reaching all men.

Mandala 3, Hymn 58.

1. THE Ancient’s Milch-cow yields the things we long for: the Son of Daksina travels between them.
     She with the splendid chariot brings refulgence. The praise of Usas hath awoke the Asvins.
2. They bear you hither by well-orderd statute: our sacred offerings rise as if to parents.
     Destroy in us the counsel of the niggard come hitherward, for we have shown you favour.
3. With lightly-rolling car and well-yoked horses hear this, the press-stone’s song, ye Wonder-Workers.
     Have not the sages of old time, ye Asvins, called you most prompt to come and stay misfortune?
4. Remember us, and come to us, for ever men, as their wont is, invocate the Asvins.
     Friends as it were have offered you these juices, sweet, blent with milk at the first break of morning.
5. Even through many regions, O ye Asvins high praise is yours among mankind, ye Mighty-
     Come, helpers, on the paths which Gods have travelled: here your libations of sweet meath are ready.
6. Ancient your home, auspicious is your friendship: Heroes, your wealth is with the house of Jahnu.
     Forming again with you auspicious friendship, let us rejoice with draughts of meath together.
7. O Asvins, Very Mighty ones, with Vayu and with his steeds, one-minded, ever-youthful,
     Nasatyas, joying in the third day’s Soma, drink it, not hostile, Very Bounteous Givers.
8. Asvins, to you are brought abundant viands in rivalry with sacred songs, unceasing.
     Sprung from high Law your car, urged on by press-stones, goes round the earth and heaven in one brief moment.
9. Asvins, your Soma sheds delicious sweetness: drink ye thereof and come unto our dwelling.
     Your car, assuming many a shape, most often goes to the Soma-presser’s place of meeting.

Mandala 3, Hymn 59.

1. MITRA, when speaking, stirreth men to labour: Mitra sustaineth both the earth and heaven.
     Mitra beholdeth men with eyes that close not. To Mitra bring, with holy oil, oblation.
2. Foremost be he who brings thee food, O Mitra, who strives to keep thy sacred Law, Aditya.
     He whom thou helpest ne’er is slain or conquered, on him, from near or far, falls no affliction.
3. joying in sacred food and free from sickness, with knees bent lowly on the earth’s broad surface,
     Following closely the Aditya’s statute, may we remain in Mitra’s gracious favour.
4. Auspicious and adorable, this Mitra was born with fair dominion, King, Disposer.
     May we enjoy the grace of him the Holy, yea, rest in his propitious loving-kindness.
5. The great Aditya, to be served with wor. ship, who stirreth men, is gracious to the singer.
     To Mitra, him most highly to be lauded, offer in fire oblation that he loveth.
6. The gainful grace of Mitra,. God, supporter of the race of man,
     Gives splendour of most.glorious fame.
7. Mitra whose glory spreads afar, he who in might surpasses heaven,
     Surpasses earth in his renown.
8. All the Five Races have repaired to Mitra, ever strong to aid,
     For he sustaineth all the Gods.
9. Mitra to Gods, to living men, to him who strews the holy grass,
     Gives food fulfilling sacred Law.

Mandala 3, Hymn 60.

1. HERE is your ghostly kinship, here, O Men: they came desirous to these holy rites with store of wealth,
     With wondrous arts, whereby, with schemes to meet each need, Ye gained, Sudhanvan’s Sons! your share in sacrifice.
2. The mighty powers wherewith. ye formed the chalices, the thought by which ye drew the cow from out the hide,
     The intellect wherewith ye wrought the two Bay Steeds,-through these, O Rbhus, ye attained divinity.
3. Friendship with Indra have the Rbhus, fully gained: grandsons of Manu, they skilfully urged the work.
     Sudhanvan’s Children won them everlasting life, serving with holy rites, pious with noble acts.
4. In company with Indra come ye to the juice, then gloriously shall your wishes be fulfilled.
     Not to be paragoned, ye Priests, are your good deeds, nor your heroic acts, Rbhus, Sudhanvan’s Sons.
5. O Indra, with the Rbhus, Mighty Ones, pour down the Soma juice effused, well-blent, from both thy hands.
     Maghalan, urged by song, in the drink-offerer’s house rejoice thee with the Heroes, with Sudhanvan’s Sons.
6. With Rbhu near, and Vaja, Indra, here exult, with Saci, praised of many, in the juice we pour.
     These homes wherein we dwell have turned themselves to thee, -devotions to the Gods, as laws of men ordain.
7. Come with the mighty Rbhus, Indra, come to us, strengthening with thy help the singer’s holy praise;
     At hundred eager calls come to the living man, with thousand arts attend the act of sacrifice.

Mandala 3, Hymn 61.

1. O Usas, strong with strength, endowed witli knowledge, accept the singer’s praise, O wealthy Lady.
     Thou, Goddess, ancient, young, and full of wisdom, movest, all-bounteous! as the Law ordaineth.
2. Shine forth, O Morning, thou auspicious Goddess, on thy bright car awaking pleasant voices.
     Let docile horses of far-reaching splendour convey thee hitherward, the goldencoloured.
3. Thou, Morning, turning thee to every creature, standest on high as ensign of the Immortal,
     To one same goal ever and ever wending now, like a wheel, O newly-born, roll hi ther.
4. Letting her reins drop downward, Morning cometh, the wealthy Dame, the Lady of the dwelling;
     Bringing forth light, the Wonderful, the Blessed hath spread her from the bounds of earth and heaven.
5. Hither invoke the radiant Goddess Morning, and bring with reverence your hymn to praise her.
     She, dropping sweets, hath set in heaven her brightness, and, fair to look on, hath beamed forth her splendour.
6. From heaven, with hymns, the Holy One was wakened: brightly to both worlds came the wealthy Lady.
     To Morning, Agni, when she comes refulgent, thou goest forth soliciting fair riches.
7. On Law’s firm base the speeder of the Mornings, the Bull, hath entered mighty earth and heaven.
     Great is the power of Varuna and Mitra, which, bright, hath spread in every place its splendour.

Mandala 3, Hymn 62.

1. YOUR well-known prompt activities aforetime needed no impulse from your faithful servant.
     Where, Indra-Varuna, is now that glory wherewith ye brought support to those who loved you?
2. This man, most diligent, seeking after riches, incessantly invokes you for your favour.
     Accordant, Indra-Varuna, with Maruts, with Heaven and Earth, hear ye mine invocation.
3. O Indra-Varuna, ours be this treasure ours be wealth, Maruts, with full store of heroes.
     .May the Varutris with their shelter aid us, and Bharati and Hotri with the Mornings.
4. Be pleased! with our oblations, thou loved of all Gods, Brhaspati:
     Give wealth to him who brings thee gifts.
5. At sacrifices, with your hymns worship the pure Brhaspati-
     I pray for power which none may bend-
6. The Bull of men, whom none deceive, the wearer of each shape at will,
     Brhaspati Most Excellent.
7. Divine, resplendent Pusan, this our newest hymn of eulogy,
     By us is chanted forth to thee.
8. Accept with favour this my song, be gracious to the earnest thought,
     Even as a bridegroom to his bride.
9. May he who sees all living things, see, them together at a glancc,-
     May lie, may Pusan be our help.
10. May we attain that excellent glory of Savitar the God:
     So May he stimulate our prayers.
11. With understanding, earnestly, of Savitar the God we crave
     Our portion of prosperity.
12. Men, singers worship Savitar the God with hymn and holy rites,
     Urged by the impulse of their thoughts.
13. Soma who gives success goes forth, goes to the gathering place of Gods,
     To seat him at the seat of Law.
14. To us and to our cattle may Soma give salutary food,
     To biped and to quadruped.
15. May Soma, strengthening our power of life, and conquering our foes,
     In our assembly take his seat.
16. May Mitra-Varuna, sapient Pair, bedew our pasturage with oil,
     With meatb the regions of the air.
17. Far-ruling, joyful when adored, ye reign through majesty of might,
     With pure laws everlastingly.
18. Lauded by Jamadagni’s song, sit in the place of holy Law:
     Drink Soma, ye who strengthen Law.

Mandala 4, Hymn 1.

1, THEE Agni, have the Gods, ever of one accord, sent hither down, a God, appointed messenger, yea, with their wisdom sent thee down.
     The Immortal, O thou Holy One, mid mortal men, the God-devoted God, the wise, have they brought forth, brought forth the omnipresent God-devoted Sage.
2. As such, O Agni, bring with favour to the Gods thy Brother Varuna who loveth sacrifice,
     True to the Law, the Aditya who supporteth men, the King, supporter of mankind.
3. Do thou, O Friend, turn hither him who is our Friend, swift as a wheel, like two car-steeds in rapid course, Wondrous! to us in rapid course.
     O Agni, find thou grace for us with Varuna, with Maruts who illumine all.
     Bless us, thou Radiant One, for seed and progeny, yea, bless us, O thou Wondrous God.
4. Do thou who knowest Varuna, O Agni, put far away from us the God’s displeasure.
     Best Sacrificer, brightest One, refulgent remove thou far from us all those who hate us.
5. Be thou, O Agni, nearest us with succour, our closest Friend while now this Morn is breaking.
     Reconcile to us Varuna, be bounteous enjoy the gracious juice; be swift to hear us.
6. Excellent is the glance, of brightest splendour, which the auspicious God bestows on mortals-
     The God’s glance, longed-for even as the butter, pure, heated, of the cow, the milch-cow’s bounty.
7. Three are those births, the true, the most exalted, eagerly longed-for, of the God, of Agni.
     He came invested in the boundless region, pure, radiant, friendly, mightily resplendent.
8. This envoy joyeth in all seats of worship, borne on his golden car, sweet-tongued Invoker:
     Lovely to look on, with red steeds, effulgent, like a feast rich in food, joyous for ever.
9. Allied by worship, let him give man knowledge: by an extended cord they lead him onward.
     He stays, effectual in this mortal’s dwelling, and the God wins a share in his possessions.
10. Let Agni -for he knows the way- conduct us to all that he enjoys of God-sent riches,
     What all the Immortals have prepared with wisdom, Dyaus, Sire, Begetter, raining down true blessings.
11. In houses first he sprang into existence, at great heaven’s base, and in this region’s bosom;
     Footless and headless, both his ends concealing, in his Bull’s lair drawing himself together.
12. Wondrously first he rose aloft, defiant, in the Bull’s lair, the homeof holy Order,
     Longed-for, young, beautiful, and far-resplendent: and sevendear frieuds sprang up unto the Mighty.
13. Here did our human fathers take their places, fain to fulfil the sacred Law of worship.
     Forth drave they, with loud call, Dawn’s teeming Milch-kine bid in the mountainstable, in the cavern.
14. Splendid were they when they had rent the mountain: others, around, shall tell forth this their exploit.
     They sang their song, prepared to free the cattle: they found the light; with holy hymns they worshipped.
15. Eager, with thought intent upon the booty, the men with their celestial speech threw open,
     The solid mountain firm, compact, enclosing, confining Cows, the stable full of cattle.
16. The Milch-cow’s earliest name they comprehended: they found the Mother’s thrice-seven noblest titles.
     This the bands knew, and sent forth acclamation:with the Bull’s sheen the Red One was apparent.
17. The turbid darkness fled, the heaven was sp, endid! up rose the bright beam of celestial Morning.
     Surya ascended to the wide expanses, beholding deeds of men both good and evil.
18. Then, afterwards they looked around, awakened, when first they held that Heaven allotted treasure.
     Now all the Gods abide in all their dwellings. Varuna, Mitra, be the prayer effective.
19. I will call hither brightly-beaming Agni, the Herald, all-supporting, best at worship.
     He hath disclosed, like the milch cows’ pure udder, the Sorria’s juice when cleansed and poured from beakers.
20. The freest God of all who should be worshipped, the guest who is received in all men’s houses,
     Agni who hath secured the Gods’ high favour,-may he be gracious, to us Jatavedas.

Mandala 4, Hymn 2.

1. THE, Faithful One, Immortal among mortals, a God among the Gods, appointed envoy,
     Priest, best at worship, must shine forth in glory . Agni shall be raised high with man’s oblations.
2. Born for us here this day, O Son of Vigour, between both races of born beings, Agni,
     Thou farest as an envoy, having harnessed, Sublime One! thy strong-muscled radiant stallions.
3. I laud the ruddy steeds who pour down blessing, dropping oil, flectest through the thoualit of Order.
     Yoking red horses to and fro thou goest between you Deities and mortal races.
4. Aryaman, Mitra, Varuna, and Indra with Visnu, of the Gods, Maruts and Asvins-
     These, Agni, with good car and steeds, bring hither, most bountiful, to folk with fair oblations.
5. Agni, be this our sacrifice eternal, with brave friends, rich in kine and sheep and horses,
     Rich, Asura! in sacred food and children, in full assembly, wealth broad-based and during.
6. The man who, sweating, brings for thee the fuel, and makes his head to ache, thy faithful servant,-
     Agni, to him be a self-strong Protector guard him from all who seek to do him mischief.
7. Who brings thee food, though thou hast food in plenty, welcomes his cheerful guest and speeds him onward,
     Who kindles thee devoutly in his dwelling,to him be wealth secure and freely giving.
8. Whoso sings praise to thee at eve or morning, and, with oblation, doth the thing thou lovest,-
     In his own home, even as a goId-girt courser, rescue him from distress, the bounteous giver.
9. Whoso brings gifts to thee Immortal, Agni, and doth thee service with uplifted ladle,-
     Let him not, sorely toiling, lose his riches; let not the sinner’s wickedness enclose him.
10. Whose well-wrought worship thou acceptest, Agni, thou God a mortal’s gift, thou liberal Giver,-
     Dear be his sacrifice to thee, Most Youthful! and may we strengthen him when he adores thee.
11. May he who knows distinguish sense and folly of men, like straight and crooked backs of horses.
     Lead us, O God, to wealth and noble offspring: keep penury afar and grant us plenty.
12. This Sage the Sages, ne’er deceived, commanded, setting him down in dwellings of the living.
     Hence mayst thou, friendly God, with rapid footsteps behold the Gods, wonderful, fair to look on.
13. Good guidance hast thou for the priest, O Agni, who, Youngest God! with outpoured Soma serves thee.
     Ruler of men, thou joyous God, bring treasure splendid and plentiful to aid the toiler.
14. Now all that we, thy faithful servants, Agni, have done with feet, with hands, and with our bodies,
     The wise, with toil, the holy rite have guided, as those who frame a car with manual cunning.
15. May we, seven sages first in rank, engender, from Dawn the Mother, men to be ordainers.
     May we, Angirases, be sons of Heaven, and, radiant, burst the wealth-containing mountain.
16. As in the days of old our ancient Fathers, speeding the work of holy worship, Agni,
     Sought pure light and devotion, singing praises; they cleft the ground and made red Dawns apparent.
17. Gods, doing holy acts, devout, resplendent, smelting like ore their human generations.
     Enkindling Agni and exalting Indra, they came encompassing the stall of cattle.
18. Strong One! he marked them-and the Gods before them-like herds of cattle in a foodful pasture.
     There they moaned forth their strong desire for mortals, to aid the True, the nearest One, the Living.
19. We have worked for thee, we have laboured nobly-bright Dawns have shed their light upon our worship-
     Adding a beauty to the perfect Agni, and the God’s beauteous eye that shines for ever.
20. Agni, Disposer, we have sung these praises to thee the Wise: do thou accept them gladly.
     Blaze up on high and ever make us richer. Give us great wealth, O thou whose boons are many.

Mandala 4, Hymn 3.

1. WIN, to assist you, Rudra, Lord of worship, Priest of both worlds, effectual
     Sacrificer,
     Agni, invested with his golden colours, before the thunder strike and lay you senseless.
2. This shrine have we made ready for thy coming, as the fond dame attires her for her husband.
     Performer of good work, sit down before us, invested while these flames incline to meet thee.
3. A hymn, O Priest, to him who hears, the gentle, to him who looks on men, exceeding gracious,
     A song of praise sing to the God Immortal, whom the stone, presser of the sweet juice, worships.
4. Even as true knower of the Law, O Agni, to this our solemn rite he thou attentive.
     When shall thy songs of festival be sung thee? When is thy friendship shown within our dwelling?
5. Why this complaint to Varuna, O Agni? And why to Heaven? for what is our transgression?
     How wilt thou speak to Earth and bounteous Mitra? What wilt thou say to Aryaman and Bhaga?
6. What, when thou blazest on the lesser altars, what to the mighty Wind who comes tobless us,
     True, circumambient? what to Earth, O Agni, what wilt thou say to man-destroying Rudra?
7. How to great Pusan who promotes our welfare,- to honoured Rudra what, who gives oblations?
     What sin of ours to the far-striding Visnu, what, Agni, wilt thou tell the Lofty Arrow.
8. What wilt thou tell the truthful band of Maruts, how answer the great Sun when thou art questioned?
     Before the Free, before the Swift, defend us: fulfil heaven’s work, all-knowing Jatavedas.
9. I crave the cow’s true gift arranged by Order: though raw, she hath the sweet ripe juice, O Agni.
     Though she is black of hue with milk she teemeth, nutritious, brightly shining, all-sustaining.
10. Agni the Bull, the manly, hath been sprinkled with oil upon his back, by Law eternal.
     He who gives vital power goes on unswerving. Prsni the Bull hath milked the pure wiiite udder.
11. By Law the Angirases cleft the rock asunder, and sang their hymns together with the cattle.
     Bringing great bliss the men encompassed Morning: light was apparent at the birth of Agni.
12. By Law the Immortal Goddesses the Waters, with meath-rich waves, O Agni, and uninjured,
     Like a strong courser lauded in his running, sped to flow onward swiftly and for ever.
13. Go never to the feast of one who harms us, the treacherous neighbour or. unworthy kinsman.
     Punish us not for a false brother’s trespass. Let us riot feel the might of friend or foeman.
14. O Agni, keep us safe with thy protection, loving us, honoured God! and ever guarding.
     Beat thou away, destory severe affliction slay e’en the demon when he waxes mighty.
15. Through these our songs of praise be gracious, Agni; moved by ourprayers, O Hero, touch our viands.
     Accept, O Angiras, these our devotions, and let the praise which Gods desire address thee.
16. To thee who knowest, Agni, thou Disposer, all these wise secret speeches have I uttered,
     Sung to thee, Sage, the charming words of wisdom, to thee, O Singer, with. my thoughts and Praises.

Mandala 4, Hymn 4.

1. PUT forth like a wide-spreading net thy vigour; go like a mighty King with his attendants.
     Thou, following thy swift net, shootest arrows: transfix the fiends with darts that burn most fiercely.
2. Forth go in rapid flight thy whirling weapons: follow them closely, glowing in thy fury.
     Spread with thy tongue the winged flames, O Agni; unfettered, cast thy firebrands all around thee.
3. Send thy spies forward, flectest in thy motion; be, ne’er deceived, the guardian of this people
     From him who, near or far, is bent on evil, and let no trouble sent from thee o’ercome us.
4. Rise up, O Agni, spread thee out before us: burn down our foes, thou who hast sharpened arrows.
     Him, blazing Agni! who hath worked us mischief, consume thou utterly like dried-up stubble.
5. Rise, Agni, drive off those who fight against us: make manifest thine own celestial vigour.
     Slacken the strong bows of the demondriven: destroy our foemen whether kin or stranger.
6. Most Youthful God, he knoweth well thy favour who gave an impulse to this high devotion.
     All fair days and magnificence of riches hast thou beamed forth upon the good man’s portals.
7. Blest, Agni, be the man, the liberal giver, who with his lauds and regular oblation
     Is fain to please thee for his life and dwelling. May all his days be bright: be this his longing.
8. I praise thy gracious favour: sing in answer. May this my song sing like a loved one with thee.
     Lords of good steeds and cars may we adorn thee, and day by day vouchsafe thou us dominion.
9. Here of free choice let each one serve thee richly, resplendent day by day at eve and morning.
     So may we honour thee, content and joyous, passing beyond the glories of the people.
10. Whoso with good steeds and fine gold, O Agni, comes nigh thee on a car laden with trcasure,
     His Friend art thou, yea, thou art his Protector whose joy it is to entertain thee duly.
11. Through words and kinship I destroy the miglity: this power I have from Gotama my father.
     Mark thou this speech of ours, O thou Most Youthful, Friend of the House, exceeding wise, Invoker.
12. Knowing no slumber, speedy and propitious, alert and ever friendly, most unwearied,
     May thy protecting powers, unerring Agni, taking their places here, combined, preserve us.
13. Thy guardian rays, O Agni, when they saw him, preserved blind Mamateya from affliction.
     Lord of all riches, he preserved the pious: the fees who fain would harm them did no mischief
14. Aided by thee with thee may we be wealthy, may we gain strength with thee to guide us onward.
     Fulfil the words of both, O Ever Truthful: straightway do this, thou God whom power emboldens.
15. O Agni, with this fuel will we serve thee; accept the laud we sing to thee with favour
     Destroy the cursing Raksasas: preserve us, O rich in friends, from guile and scorn and slander.

Mandala 4, Hymn 5.

1. How shall we give with one accord oblation to Agni, to Vaisvanara the Bounteous?
     Great light, with full high growth hath he uplifted, and, as a pillar bears the roof, sustains it.
2. Reproach not him who, God and selfreliant, vouchsafed this bounty unto me a mortal,-
     Deathless, discerner, wise, to me the simple, Vaisvanara most manly, youthful Aini.
3. Sharp-pointed, powerful, strong, of boundless vigour, Agni who knows the lofty hymn, kept secret
     As the lost milch-cow’s track, the doubly Mighty,-he hath declared to me this hidden knowledge.
4. May he with sharpened teeth, the Bounteous Giver, Agni, consume with flame most fiercely glowing.
     Those who regard not Varuna’s commandments and the dear stedfast laws of sapient Mitra.
5. Like youthful women without brothers, straying, like dames who hate their lords, of evil conduct,
     They who are full of sin, untrue, unfaithful, they have engendered this abysmal station.
6. To me, weak, innocent, thou, luminous Agni, bast boldly given as ‘twere a heavy burthen,
     This Prstha hymn, profound and strong and mighty, of seven elements, and with offered dainties.
7. So may our song that purifies, through wisdom reach in a moment him the Universal,
     Established on the height, on earth’s best .station, above the beauteous grassy skin of Prsni.
8. Of this my speech what shall I utter further? They indicate the milk stored up in secret
     When they have thrown as ‘twere the cows’ stalls open. The Bird protects earths’ best and well-loved station.
9. This is the Great Ones’ mighty apparition which from of old the radiant Cow hath followed.
     This, shining brightly in the place of Order, swift, hasting on in secret, she discovered.
10. He then who shone together with his Parents remembered Prsni’s fair and secret treasure,
     Which, in the Mother Cow’s most lofty station, the Bull’s tongue, of the flame bent forward, tasted.
11. With reverence I declare the Law, O Agni; what is, comes by thine order, Jatavedas.
     Of this, whate’er it be, thou art the Sovran, yea, all the wealth that is in earth or
     heaven.
12. What is our wealth therefrom, and what our treasure? Tell us O Jatavedas, for thou
     knowest,
     What is our best course in this secret passage: we, unreproached, have reached a t)lace far distant.
13. What is the limit, what the rules, the guerdon? Like fleet-foot coursers speed we to the contest.
     When will the Goddesses, the Immortal’s Spouses, the Dawns, spread over us the Sun-God’s splendour?
14. Unsatisfied, with speech devoid of vigour, scanty and frivolous and inconclusive,
     Wherefore do they address thee here, O Agni? Let these who have no weapons suffer sorrow.
15. The majesty of him the Good, the Mighty, aflame, hath shone for glory in the dwelling.
     He, clothed in light, hath shone most fair to look on, wealthy in boons, as a home shines with riches.

Mandala 4, Hymn 6.

1. PRIEST of our rite, stand up erect, O Agni, in the Gods’ service best of sacrificers,
     For over evei y thought thou art the Ruler: thou furtherest e’en the wisdom of the pious.
2. He was set down mid men as Priest unerring, Agni, wise, welcome in our holy synods.
     Like Savitar he hath lifted up his splendour, and like a builder raised his smoke to heaven.
3. The glowing ladle, filled with oil, is lifted; choosing Gods’ service to the right he circles.
     Eager he rises like the new-wrought pillar which, firmly set and fixed, anoints the victims.
4. When sacred grass is strewn and Agni kindled, the Adhvaryu rises to, his task rej o cing.
     Agni the Priest, like one who tends the cattle, goes three times round, as from of old he wills it.
5. Agni himself, the Priest, with measured motion, goes round, with sweet speech, cheerful, true to Order.
     His fulgent flames run forth like vigorous horses; all creatures are affrighted when he blazes.
6. Beautiful and auspicious is thine aspect, O lovely Agni, terrible when spreading.
     Thy splendours are not covered by the darkness: detraction leaves no stain upon thy body.
7. Naught hindered his production, Bounteous Giver: his Mother and his Sire were free to send him.
     Then as Friend benevolent, refulgent, Agni shone forth in human habitations.
8. He, Agni, whom the twice-five sisters, dwelling together, in the homes of men engendered,
     Bright like a spear’s tooth, wakened in the morning, with powerful mouth and like an axe well-sharpened.
9. These thy Bay Coursers, Agni, dropping fatness, ruddy vigorous, speeding straightly forward,
     And red steeds, wonderful, of mighty muscle, are to this service of the Gods invited:
10. These brightly-shining games of thine, O Agni, that move for ever restless, allsubduing,
     Like falcons hasting eagerly to the quarry, roar loudly like the army of the Maruts.
11. To thee, O flaming God, hath prayer been offered. Let the priest laud thee: give to him who worships.
     Men have established Agni as Invoker, fain to adore the glory of the living.

Mandala 4, Hymn 7.

1. HERE by ordainers was this God appointed first Invoker, best at worship, to be praised at rites:
     Whom Apnavana, and the Bhrgus caused to shine bright-coloured in the wood, spreading from home to home.
2. When shall thy glory as a God, Agni, be suddenly shown forth.
     For mortal men have held thee fast, adorable in all their homes,
3. Seeing thee faithful to the Law, most sapient, like the starry heaven,
     Illumining with cheerful ray each solemn rite in every house.
4. Vivasvan’s envoy living men have taken as their ensign, swift,
     The ruler over all mankind, moving like Bhrgu in each home.
5. Him the intelligent have they placed duly as Invoking Priest,
     Welcome, with sanctifying flame, best worshipper, with sevenfold might;
6. In his Eternal Mothers, in the wood, concealed and unapproached,
     Kept secret though his flames are bright seekingon all sides, quickly found.
7. That as food spreads forth in this earthly udder, Gods may rejoice them in the home of Order,
     Great Agni, served with reverence and oblation, flies ever to the sacrifice, the Faithful.
8. Bird of each rite, skilled in an envoy’s duties, knowing both worlds and that which lies between them,
     Thou goest from of old a willing Herald, knowing full well heaven’s innermost recesses.
9. Bright God, thy path is black: light is before thee: thy moving splendour is the chief of wonders.
     When she, yet unimpregnate, hath conceived thee, even when newly born thou art an envoy.
10. Yet newly born, his vigour is apparent when the wind blows upon his fiery splendour,
     His sharpened tongue he layeth on the brushwood, and with his teeth e’en solid food consumeth.
11. When he hath borne off food with swift flame swiftly, strong Agni makes himself a speedy envoy,
     Follows the rustling of the wind, consuming, and courser-like, speeds, drives the swift horse onward.

Mandala 4, Hymn 8.

1. YOUR envoy who possesses all, Immortal, bearer of your gifts,
     Best worshipper, I woo with song.
2. He, Mighty, knows the gift of wealth, he knows the deep recess of heaven:
     He shall bring hitherward the Gods.
3. He knows, a God himself, to guide Gods to the righteous in his home:
     He gives e’en treasures that we love.
4. He is the Herald: well-informed, he doth his errand to and fro,
     Knowing the deep recess of heaven.
5. May we be they who gratify Agni with sacrificial gifts,
     Whocherish and enkindle him.
6. Illustrious for wealth are they, and hero deeds, victorious,
     Who have served Agni reverently.
7. So unto us, day after day, may riches craved by many come,
     And power and might spring up for us.
8. That holy Singer in his strength shoots forth his arrows swifter than
     The swift shafts of the tribes of men.

Mandala 4, Hymn 9.

1. AGNI, show favour: great art thou who to this pious man art come,
     To seat thee on the sacred grass.
2. May he the Immortal, Helper, bard to be deceived among mankind,
     Become the messenger of all.
3. Around the altar is he led, welcome Chief Priest at solemn rites,
     Or as the Potar sits him down.
4. Agni in fire at sacrifice, and in the house as Lord thereof,
     And as a Brahman takes his seat.
5. Thou comest as the guide of folk who celebrate a sacrifice,
     And to oblations brought by men.
6. Thou servest as his messenger whose sacrifice thou lovest well,
     To bear the mortal’s gifts to heaven.
7. Accept our solemn rite; be pleased, Angiras, with our sacrifice:
     Give ear and listen to our call.
8. May thine inviolable car, wherewith thou guardest those who give,
     Come near to us from every side.

Mandala 4, Hymn 10.

I. This day with praises, Agni, we bring thee that which thou lovest.
     Right judgment, like a horse, with our devotions.
2. For thou hast ever been the Car-driver, Agni, of noble
     Strength, lofty sacrifice, and rightful judgment.
3. Through these our praises come thou to meet us, bright as the sunlight,
     O Agni, well disposed, with all thine aspects.
4. Now may we serve thee singing these lauds this day to thee, Agni.
     Loud as the voice of Heaven thy blasts are roaring.
5. just at this time of the day and the night thy look is the sweetest .
     It shineth near us even as gold for glory.
6. Spotless thy body, brilliant as gold, like clarified butter:
     This gleams like gold on thee, O Self. dependent.
7. All hate and mischief, yea, if committed, Agni, thou turnest,
     Holy One, from the man who rightly worships.
8. Agni, with you Gods, prosperous be our friendships and kinships.
     Be this our bond here by this place, thine al tar.

Mandala 4, Hymn 11.

1. THY blessed majesty, victorious Agni, shines brightly in the neighbourhood of Surya.
     Splendid to see, it shows even at nighttime, and food is fair to look on in thy beauty.
2. Agni, disclose his thought for him who singeth, the well, Strong God! while thou art praised with fervour.
     Vouchsafe to us that powerful hymn, O Mighty, which, Radiant One! with all the Gods thou lovest.
3. From thee, O Agni, springs poetic wisdom, from thee come thoughts and hymns of praise that prosper;
     From thee flows wealth, with heroes to adorn it, to the true-hearted man who gives oblation.
4. From thee the hero springs who wins the booty, bringer of help, mighty, of real courage.
     From thee comes wealth, sent by the Gods, bliss-giving; Agni, from thee the fleet impetuous charger.
5. Immortal Agni, thee whose voice is pleasant, as first in rank, as God, religious mortals
     Invite with hyrnns; thee who removest hatred, Friend of the Home, the household’s Lord, unerring.
6. Far from us thou removest want and sorrow, far from us all ill-will when thou protectest.
     Son of Strength, Agni, blest is he at evening, whom thou as God attendest for his welfare.

Mandala 4, Hymn 12.

1. WHOSO enkindles thee, with lifted ladle, and thrice this day offiers thee food, O Agni,
     May he excel, triumphant through thy splendours, wise through thy mental power, O Jatavedas.
2. Whoso with toil and trouble brings thee fuel, serving the majesty of mighty Agni,
     He, kindling thee at evening and at morning, prospers, and comes to wealth, and slays his foemen.
3. Agni is Master of sublime dominion, Agni is Lord of strength and lofty riches.
     Straightway the self-reliant God, Most Youthful, gives treasures to the mortal who adores him.
4. Most Youthful God, whatever sin, through folly, we here, as human beings, have committed,
     In sight of Aditi make thou us sinless remit, entirely, Agni, our offences.
5. Even in the presence of great sin, O Agni, free us from prison of the Gods or mortals.
     Never may we who are thy friends be injured: grant health and strength unto our seed and offspring.
6. Even as ye here, Gods Excellent and Holy, have loosed the cow that by the foot was tethered,
     So also set us free from this affliction long let our life, O Agni, be extended.

Mandala 4, Hymn 13.

1. AGNI hath looked, benevolently-minded, on the wealth-giving spring of radiant Mornings.
     Come, Asvins, to the dwelling of the pious: Surya the God is rising with his splendour.
2. Savitar, God, hath spread on high his lustre, waving his flag like a spoil-seeking hero.
     Their stablished way go Varuna and Mitra, what time they make the Sun ascend the heaven.
3. Him whom they made to drive away the darkness, Lords of sure mansions, constant to their object,
     Him who beholds the universe, the Sun-God, seven strong and youthful Coursers carry onward.
4. Spreading thy web with mightiest Steeds thou comest, rending apart, thou God, the black-hued mantle.
     The rays of Surya tremulously shining sink, like a hide, the darkness in the waters.
5. How is it that, unbound and not supported, he falleth not although directed downward?
     By what self power moves he? Who liath seen it? He guards the vault of heaven, a close-set pillar.

Mandala 4, Hymn 14.

1. THE God hath looked, even Agni Jatavedas, to meet the Dawns refulgent in their glories.
     Come on your chariot, ye who travel widely, come to this sacrifice of ours, Nasatyas.
2. Producing light for all the world of creatures, God Savitar hath raised aloft his banner.
     Making his presence known by sunbeams, Surya hath filled the firmament and earth and heaven.
3. Red Dawn.is come, riding with brightness onward, distinguished by her beams, gay-hued and mighty.
     Dawn on her nobly-harnessed car, the Goddess, awaking men to happiness, approacheth.
4. May those most powerful steeds and chariot bring you, O Asvins, hither at the break of morning.
     Here for your drauglit of meath are Soma juices: at this our sacrifice rejoice, ye Mighty.
5. How is it that, unbound and unsupported, he falleth not although directed downward?
     By what self-power moves he? Who hath seen it? He guards the vault of heaven, a close-set pillar?

Mandala 4, Hymn 15.

1. AGNI the Herald, like a horse, is led forth at our solemn rite,
     God among Gods adorable.
2. Three times unto our solemn rite comes Agni like a charioteer,
     Bearing the viands to the Gods.
3. Round the oblations hath he paced, Agni the Wise, the Lord of Strength,
     Giving the offerer precious boons.
4. He who is kindled eastward for Srnjaya, Devavata’s son,
     Resplendent, tamer of the foe.
5. So mighty be the Agni whom the mortal hero shall command,
     With sharpened teeth and bountiful.
6. Day after day they dress him, as they clean a horse who wins the prize.
     Dress the red Scion of the Sky.
7. When Sahadeva’s princely son with two bay horses thought of me,
     Summoned by him I drew not back.
8. And truly those two noble bays I straightway took when offered me,
     From Sahadeva’s princely son.
9. Long, O ye Asvins, may he live, your care, ye Gods, the princely son.
     Of Sahadeva, Somaka.
10. Cause him the youthful prince, the son of Sahadeva, to enjoy
     Long life, O Asvins, O ye Gods.

Mandala 4, Hymn 16.

1. IMPETUOUS, true, let Maghavan come hither, and let his Tawny Coursers speed to reach us.
     For him have we pressed juice exceeding potent: here, praised with song, let him effect his visit.
2. Unyoke, as at thy journey’s end, O Hero, to gladden thee today at this libation.
     Like Usana, the priest a laud shall utter, a hymn to thee, the Lord Divine, who markest.
3. When the Bull, quaffing, praises our Iibation, as a sage paying holy rites in secret,
     Seven singers here from heaven hath he begotten, who e’en by day have wrought their works while singing.
4. When heaven’s fair light by hymns was made apparent (they made great splendour shine at break of morning),
     He with his succour, best of Heroes, scattered the blinding darkness so that men saw clearly.
5. Indra, Impetuous One, hath waxed immensely: he with his vastness hath filled earth and heaven.
     E’en beyond this his majesty extendeth who hath exceeded all the worlds in greatness.
6. Sakra who knoweth well all human actions hath with his eager Friends let loose the waters.
     They with their songs cleft e’en the mountain open and willingly disclosed the stall of cattle.
7. He smote away the floods’ obstructer, Vrtra; Earth, conscious, lent her aid to speed thy thunder.
     Thou sentest forth the waters of the ocean, as Lord through power and might, O daring Hero.
8. When, Much-invoked! the water’s rock thou cleftest, Sarama showed herself and went before thee.
     Hymned by Angirases, bursting the cowstalls, much strength thou foundest for us as our leader.
9. Come, Maghavan, Friend of Man, to aid the singer imploring thee in battle for the sunlight.
     Speed him with help in his irypired invokings: down sink the sorcerer, the prayerless Dasyu.
10. Come to our home resolved to slay the Dasyu: Kutsa longed eagerly to win thy friendship.
     Alike in form ye both sate in his dwelling the faithful Lady was in doubt between you.
11. Thou comest, fain to succour him, with Kutsa,-a goad that masters both the Wind-God’s horses,
     That, holding the brown steeds like spoil for capture, the sage may on the final day be present.
12. For Kutsa, with thy thousand, thou at day-break didst hurl down greedy Susna, foe of harvest.
     Quickly with Kutsa’s friend destroy the Dasyus, and roll the chariot-wheel of Sarya near us.
13. Thou to the son of Vidathin, Rjisvan, gavest up mighty Mrgaya and Pipru.
     Thou smotest down the swarthy fifty thousand, and rentest forts as age consumes a garment.
14. What time thou settest near the Sun thy body, thy form, Immortal One, is seen expanding:
     Thou a wild elephant with might invested. like a dread lion as thou wieldest weapons.
15. Wishes for wealth have gone to Indra, longing for him in war for light and at libation,
     Eager for glory, labouring with praisesongs: he is like home, like sweet and fair nutrition.
16. Call we for you that Indra, prompt to listen, him who hath done so much for men’s advantage;
     Who, Lord of envied bounty, to a singer like me brings quickly booty worth the capture.
17. When the sharp-pointed arrow, O thou Hero, flieth mid any conflict of the people,
     When, Faithful One, the dread encounter cometh, then be thou the Protector of our body.
18. Further the holy thoughts of Vamadeva be thou a guileless Friend in fight for booty.
     We come to thee whose providence protects us: wide be thy sway for ever for thy singer.
19. O Indra, with these men who love thee truly, free givers, Maghavan, in every battle,
     May we rejoice through many autumns, quelling our foes, as days subdue the nights with splendour.
20. Now, as the Bhrgus wrought a car, for Indra the Strong, the Mighty, we our prayer have fashioned,
     That he may, ne’er withdraw from us his friendship, but be our bodies’ guard and strong defender.
21. Now, Indra! lauded, glorified with praises, let power swell. high like rivers for the singer.
     For thee a new hymn, Lord of Bays, is fashioned. May we, car-borne, through song be victors ever.

Mandala 4, Hymn 17.

1. GREAT art thou, Indra; yea, the earth, with gladness, and heaven confess to thee thine high dominion.
     Thou in thy vigour having slaughtered Vrtra didst free the floods arrested by the Dragon.
2. Heaven trembled at the birth of thine effulgence; Earth trembled at the fear of thy displeasure.
     The stedfast mountains shook in agitation . the waters flowed, and desert spots were flooded.
3. Hurling his bolt with might he cleft the mountain, while, putting forth his strength, he showed his vigour.
     He slaughtered Vrtra with his bolt, exulting, and, their lord slain, forth flowed the waters swiftly.
4. Thy Father Dyaus esteemed himself a hero: most noble was the work of Indra’s Maker,
     His who begat the strong bolt’s Lord who roareth, immovable like earth from her foundation.
5. He who alone o’erthrows the world of creatures, Indra the peoples’ King, invoked of many-
     Verily all rejoice in him, extolling the boons which Maghavan the God hath sent them.
6. All Soma juices are his own for ever, most gladdening draughts are ever his, the Mighty,
     Thou ever wast the Treasure-Lord of treasures: Indra, thou lettest all folk share thy bounty.
7. Moreover, when thou first wast born, O Indra, thou struckest terror into all the people.
     Thou, Maghavan, rentest with thy bolt the Dragon who lay against the waterfloods of heaven.
8. The ever-slaying, bold and furious Indra, the bright bolt’s Lord, infinite, strong and mighty,
     Who slayeth Vrtra and acquireth booty, giver of blessings, Maghavan the bounteous:
9. Alone renowned as Maghavan in battles, he frighteneth away assembled armies.
     He bringeth us the booty that he winneth may we, well-loved, continue in his friendship.
10. Renowned is he when conquering and when slaying: ‘fis he who winneth cattle in the combat.
     When Indra hardeneth his indignation all that is fixed and all that moveth fear him.
11. Indra hath won all kine, all gold, all horses,-Maghavan, he who breaketh forts in pieces;
     Most manly with these men of his who help him, dealing out wealth and gathering the treasure.
12. What is the care of Indra for his Mother, what cares he for the Father who begat him?
     His care is that which speeds his might in conflicts, like wind borne onward by the clouds that thunder.
13. Maghavan makes the settled man unsettled: he scatters dust that he hath swept together,
     Breaking in pieces like Heaven armed with lightning: Maghavan shall enrich the man who lauds h;m.
14. He urged the chariot-wheel of Surya forward: Etasa, speeding on his way, he rested.
     Him the black undulating cloud bedeweth, in this mid-air’s depth, at the base of darkness,
15. As in the night the sacrificing priest.
16. Eager for booty, craving strength and horses, we-singers stir Indra, the strong, for friendship,
     Who gives the wives we seek, whose succour fails not, to hasten, like a pitcher to the fountain.
17. Be thou our guardian, show thyself our kinsman, watching and blessing those who pour the Soma;
     As Friend, as Sire, most fatherly of fathers giving the suppliant vital strength and freedom.
18. Be helping Friend of those who seek thy friendship . give life, when lauded, Indra, to the singer.
     For, Indra, we the priests have paid thee worship, exalting thee with these our sacrifices.
19. Alone, when Indra Maghavan is lauded, he slayeth many ne’er-resisted Vrtras.
     Him in whose keeping is the well-loved singer never do Gods or mortals stay or hinder.
20. EÃƒÂ¢Ã‚â‚¬Ã‚â„¢en so let Maghavan, the loud-voiced Indra, give us true blessings, foeless, men’s upholder.
     King of all creatures, give us glory amply, exalted glory due to him who lauds thee.
21. Now, Indra! lauded, glorified with praises, let power swell high like rivers for the singer.
     For thee a new hymn, Lord of Bays! is fashioned. May we, car-borne, through song be victors ever.

Mandala 4, Hymn 18.

1. THIS is the ancient and accepted pathway by which all Gods have come into existence.
     Hereby could one be born though waxen mighty. Let him not, otherwise, destroy his Mother.
2. Not this way go I forth: hard is the passage. Forth from the side obliquely will I issue.
     Much that is yet undone must I accomplish; one must I combat and the other question.
3. He bent his eye upon the dying Mother: My word I now withdraw. That way I follow.
     In Tvastar’s dwelling India drank the Soma, a hundredworth of juice pressed from the mortar.
4. What strange act shall he do, he whom his Mother bore for a thousand months and many autumns?
     No peer hath he among those born already, nor among those who shall be born hereafter.
5. Deeming him a reproach, his mother hid him, Indra, endowed with all heroic valour.
     Then up he sprang himself, assumed his vesture, and filled, as soon as born, the earth and heaven.
6. With lively motion onward flow these waters, the Holy Ones, shouting, as ‘twere, together.
     Ask them to. tell thee what the floods are saying, what girdling rock the waters burst asunder.
7. Are they addressing him with words of welcome? Will the floods take on them the shame of Indra?
     With his great thunderbolt my Son hath slaughtered Vrtra, and set these rivers free to wander.
8. I cast thee from me, mine,-thy youthful mother: thee, mine own offspring, Kusava hath swallowed.
     To him, mine infant, were the waters gracious. Indra, my Son, rose up in conquering vigour.
9. Thou art mine own, O Maghavan, whom Vyamsa struck to the ground and smote thy jaws in pieces.
     But, smitten through, the mastery thou wonnest, and with thy bolt the Dasa’s head thou crushedst.
10. The Heifer hath brought forth the Strong, the Mighty, the unconquerable Bull, the furious Indra.
     The Mother left her unlicked Calf to wander, seeking himself, the path that he would follow.
11. Then to her mighty Child the Mother turned her, saying, My son, these Deities forsake thee.
     Then Indra said, about to slaughter Vrtra, O my friend Vrtra, stride full boldly forward.
12. Who was he then who made thy Mother widow? Who sought to stay thee lying still or moving?
     What God, when by the foot thy Sire thou tookest and slewest, was at hand to give thee comfort?
13. In deep distress I cooked a dog’s intestines. Among the Gods I found not one to comfort.
     My consort I beheld in degradation. The Falcon then brought me the pleasant Soma.

Mandala 4, Hymn 19.

1. THEE, verily, O Thunder-wielding Indra, all the Gods here, the Helpers swift to listen,
     And both the worlds elected, thee the Mighty, High, waxen strong, alone to slaughter Vrtra.
2. The Gods, as worn witheld, relaxed their efforts: thou, Indra, born of truth, wast Sovran Ruler.
     Thou slewest Ahi who besieged the waters, and duggest out their all-supporting channels.
3. The insatiate one, extended, hard to waken, who slumbered in perpetual sleep, O Indra,-
     The Dragon stretched against the seven prone rivers, where no joint was, thou rentest with thy thunder.
4. Indra with might shook earth and her foundation as the wind stirs the water with its fury.
     Striving, with strength he burst the firm asunder, and tore away the summits of the mountains.
5. They ran to thee as mothers to their offspring: the clouds, like chariots, hastened forth together.
     Thou didst refresh the streams and force the billows: thou, Indra, settest free obstructed rivers.
6. Thou for the sake of Vayya and Turviti didst stay the great stream, flowing, allsustaining:
     Yea, at their prayer didst check the rushing river and make the floods easy to cross, O Indra.
7. He let the young Maids skilled in Law, unwedded, like fountains, bubbling, flow forth streaming onward.
     He inundated thirsty plains and deserts, and milked the dry Cows of the mighty master.
8. Through many a morn and many a lovely autumn, having slain Vrtra, lie set free the rivers.
     Indra hath set at liberty to wander on earth the streams encompassed pressed together.
9. Lord of Bay Steeds, thou broughtest from the ant-hill the unwedded damsel’s son whom ants were eating.
     The blind saw clearly, as he grasped the serpent, rose, brake the jar: hisjoints again united.
10. To the wise man, O Sage and Sovran Ruler, the man who knoweth all thine ancient exploits.
     Hath told these deeds of might as thou hast wrought them, great acts, spontaneous, and to man’s advantage.
11. Now, Indra! lauded, glorified with praises, let powers swell high, like rivers, for the singer.
     For thee a new hymn, Lord of Bays! is fashioned. May we, car-borne, through song be victors ever.

Mandala 4, Hymn 20.

1. FROM near or far away may mighty Indra giver of succour, come for our protection
     Lord of men, armed with thunder, with the Strongest, slaying his foes in conflict, in the battles.
2. May Indra come to us with Tawny Coursers, inclined to us, to favour and enrich us.
     May Maghavan, loud-voiced and wielding thunder, stand by us at this sacrifice, in combat.
3. Thou, honouring this our sacrifice, O Indra, shalt give us strength and fill us full of courage.
     To win the booty, Thunder-armed! like hunters may we with thee subdue in fight our foemen.
4. Loving us well, benevolent, close beside us, drink, Godlike Indra, of the wellpressed Soma.
     Drink of the meath we offer, and delight thee with food that cometh from the mountain ridges.
5. Him who is sung aloud by recent sages, like a ripe-fruited tree, a scythe-armed victor,-
     I, like a bridegroom thinking of his consort, call hither Indra, him invoked of many;
6. Him who in native strength is like a mountain, the lofty Indra born or old for conquest,
     Terrific wielder of the ancient thunder. filled full with splendour as a jar with water.
7. Whom from of old there is not one to hinder, none to curtail the riches of his bounty.
     Pouring forth freely, O thou Strong and Mighty, vouchsafe us riches, God invoked of many!
8. Of wealth and homes of men thou art the ruler, and opener of the stable of the cattle.
     Helper of men, winner of spoil in combats, thou leadest to an ample heap of riches.
9. By what great might is he renowned as strongest, wherewith the Lofty One stirs up wild battles?
     Best soother of the worshipper’s great sorrow, he gives possessions to the man who lauds him.
10. Slay us not; bring, bestow onus the ample gift which thou hast to give to him who offers.
     At this new gift, with this laud sung before thee, extolling thee, we, Indra, will declare it.
11. Now, Indra! lauded, glorified with praises, let power swell high, like rivers, for the singer.
     A new hymn, Lord of Bays! for thee is fashioned. May we, car-born, through song be victors ever.

Mandala 4, Hymn 21.

1. MAY Indra come to us for our protection; here be the Hero, praised, our feast-companion.
     May he whose powers are many, waxen mighty, cherish, like Dyaus, his own supreme dominion.
2. Here magnify his great heroic exploits, most glorious One, enriching men with bounties,
     Whose will is like a Sovran in assembly, who rules the people, Conqueror, all-surpassing.
3. Hither let Indra come from earth or heaven, hither with speech from firmament or ocean;
     With Maruts, from the realm of light to aid us, or from a distance, from the seat of Order.
4. That Indra will we laud in our assemblies, him who is Lord of great and lasting riches,
     Victor with Vayu where the herds are gathered, who leads with boldness on to higher fortune.
5. May the Priest, Lord of many blessings, striving,-who fixing reverence on reverence, giving
     Vent to his voice, inciteth men to worshipwith lauds bring Indra hither to our dwellings.
6. When sitting pondering in deep devotion in Ausija’s abode they ply the press-stone,
     May he whose wrath is fierce, the mighty bearer, come as the house-lord’s priest within our chambers.
7. Surely the power of Bharvara the mighty for ever helpeth to support the singer;
     That which in Ausija’s abode lies hidden, to come forth for delight and for devotion.
8. When he unbars the spaces of the mountains, and quickens with his floods the water-torrents,
     He finds in lair the buffalo and wild-ox when the wise lead him on to vigorous exploit.
9. Auspicious are thy hands, thine arms wellfashioned which proffer bounty, Indra, to thy praiser.
     What sloth is this? Why dost thou not rejoice thee? Why dost thou not delight thyself with giving?
10. So Indra is the truthful Lord of treasure. Freedom he gave to man by slaying Vrtra.
     Much-lauded! help us with thy power to riches: may I be sharer of thy Godlike favour.
11. Now, Indra! lauded, glorified with praises, let power swell high, like rivers, for,the singer.
     For thee a new hymn, Lord of Bays! is fashioned. May we, care-borne, through song be victqrs ever.

Mandala 4, Hymn 22.

1. THAT gift of ours which Indra loves and welcomes, even that he makes for us, the Great and Strong One.
     He who comes wielding in his might the thunder, Maghavan, gives prayer, praise, and laud, and Soma.
2. Bull, hurler of the four-edged rain-producer with both his arms, strong, mighty, most heroic;
     Wearing as wool Parusni for adornment, whose joints for sake of friendship he hath covered.
3. God who of all the Gods was born divinest, endowed with ample strength and mighty powers,
     And bearing in his arrns the yearning thunder, with violent rush caused heaven and earth to tremble.
4. Before the High God, at his birth, heaven trembled, earth, many floods and all the precipices.
     The Strong One bringeth nigh the Bull’s two Parents: loud sing the winds, like men, in air’s mid-region.
5. These are thy great deeds, Indra, thine, the Mighty, deeds to be told aloud at all libations,
     That thou, O Hero, bold and boldly daring, didst with thy bolt, by strength, destroy the Dragon.
6. True are all these thy deeds, O Most Heroic. The Milch-kine issued from the streaming udder.
     In fear of thee, O thou of manly spirit, the rivers swiftly set themselves in motion.
7. With joy, O Indra, Lord of Tawny Coursers, the Sisters then, these Goddesses, extolled thee,
     When thou didst give the prisoned ones their freedom to wander at their will in long succession.
8. Pressed is the gladdening stalk as ‘twere a river: so let the rite, the toiler’s power, attract thee
     To us-ward, of the Bright One, as the courser strains his. exceedingly strong leather bridle.
9. Ever by us perform thy most heroic, thine highest, best victorious deeds, O Victor.
     For us make Vrtras easy to be conquered: destroy the weapon of our mortal foeman.
10. Graciously listen to our prayer, O Indra, and strength of varied sort bestow thou on us.
     Send to us all intelligence arid wisdom O Maghavan, be he who gives us cattle.
11. Now, Indra! lauded, glorified with praises, let wealth swell hiah like rivers to the singer.
     For thee a new hymn, Lord of Bays, is fashioned. May we, car-borne, through song be victors ever.

Mandala 4, Hymn 23.

1. How, what priest’s sacrifice hath he made mighty, rejoicing in the Soma and its fountain?
     Delighting in juice, eagerly drinking, the Lofty One hath waxed for splendid riches.
2. What hero hath been made his feast-companion? Who hath been partner in his loving-kindness?
     What know we of his wondrous acts? How often comes he to aid and speed the pious toiler?
3. How heareth Indra offered invocation? How, hearing, marketh he the invoker’s wishes?
     What are his ancient acts of bounty? Wherefore call they him One who filleth full the singer?
4. How doth the priest who laboureth, ever longing, win for himself the wealth which he possesseth?
     May he, the God, mark well my truthful praises, having received the homage which he loveth.
5. How, and what bond of friendship with a mortal hath the God chosen as this morn is breaking?
     How, and what love hath he for those who love him, who have entwined in him their firm affection?
6. Is then thy friendship with thy friends most mighty? Thy brotherhood with us, -when may we tell it?
     The streams of milk move, as most wondrous sunlight, the beauty of the Lovely One for glory.
7. About to stay the Indra-less destructive spirit he sharpens his keen arms to strike her.
     Whereby the Strong, although our debts’ exactor, drives in the distant mornings that we know not.
8. Eternal Law hath varied food that strengthens; thought of eternal Law, removes transgressions.
     The praise-hymn of eternal Law, arousing, glowing, hath oped the deaf ears of the living.
9. Firm-seated are eternal Law’s foundations in its fair form are many splendid beauties.
     By holy Law long lasting food they bring us; by holy Law have cows come to our worship.
10. Fixing eternal Law he, too, upholds it swift moves the might of Law and wins the booty.
     To Law belong the vast deep Earth and Heaven: Milch-kine supreme, to Law their milk they render.
11. Now, Indra! lauded,- glorified with praises, let power swell high like rivers to the singer.
     For thee a new hymn, Lord of Bays, is fashioned. May we, car-borne, through song be victors ever.

Mandala 4, Hymn 24.

1. WHAT worthy praise will bring before us Indra, the Son of Strength, that he may grant us riches;
     For he the Hero, gives the singer treasures: he is the Lord who sends us gifts, ye people.
2. To be invoked and hymned in fight with Vrtra, that well-praised Indra gives us real bounties.
     That Maghavan brings comfort in the foray to the religious man who pours libations.
3. Him, verily, the men invoke in combat; risking their lives they make him their protector,
     When heroes, foe to foe, give up their bodies, fighting, each side, for children and their offspring.
4. Strong God! the folk at need put forth their vigour, striving together in the whirl of battle.
     When warrior bands encounter one another some in the grapple quit themselves like Indra.
5. Hence many a one worships the might of Indra: hence let the brew succeed the meal-oblation.
     Hence let the Soma banish those who pour not: even hence I joy to pay the Strong One worship.
6. Indra gives comfort to the man who truly presses, for him who longs fot it, the Soma,
     Not disaffected, with devoted spirit this man he takes to be his friend in battles.
7. He who this day for Indra presses Soma, prepares the brew and fries the grains of barley-
     Loving the hymns of that devoted servant, to him may Indra give heroic vigour.
8. When the impetuous chief hath sought the confliet, and the lord looked upon the long-drawn battle,
     The matron calls to the Strong God whom pressers of Soma have encouraged int the dwelling.
9. He bid a small price for a thing of value: I was content, returning, still unpurchased.
     He heightened not his insufficient offer. Simple and clever, both milk out the udder.
10. Who for ten milch-kine purchaseth from rne this Indra who is mine?
     When he hath slain the Vrtras let the buyer give him back to me.
11. Now, Indra! lauded, glorified with praises, let wealth swell high like rivers for the singer.
     For thee a new hymn, Lord of Bays, is fashioned. May we, car-borne, through song be victors ever.

Mandala 4, Hymn 25.

1. WHAT friend of man, God-loving, hath delighted, yearning therefor, this day in Indra’s friendship?
     Who with enkindled flame and flowing Soma laudeth him for his great protecting favour?
2. Who hath with prayer bowed to the Soma-lover? What pious man endues the beams of morning?
     Who seeks bond, fritridship, brotherhood with Indra? Who hath recourse unto the Sage for succour?
3. Who claims to-day the Deities’ protection, asks Aditi for light, or the Adityas?
     Of whose pressed stalk of Soma drink the Asvins, Indra, and Agni, well-inclined in spirit?
4. To him shall Agni Bharata give shelter: long shall he look upon the Sun up-rising,
     Who sayeth, Let us press the juice for Indra, man’s Friend, the Hero manliest of heroes.
5. Him neither few men overcome, nor many to him shall Aditi give spacious shelter.
     Dear is the pious, the devout, to Indra dear is the zealous, dear the Soma-bringer.
6. This Hero curbs the mighty for the zealous: the presser’s brew Indra possesses solely:
     No brother, kin, or friend to him who pours not, destroyer of the dumb who would resist him.
7. Not with the wealthy churl who pours no Soma doth Indra, Soma-drinker, bind alliance.
     He draws away his wealth and slays him naked, own Friend to him who offers, for oblation.
8. Highest and lowest, men who stand between diem, going, returning, dwelling in contentment,
     Those who show forth their strength when urged to battle-these are the men who call for aid on Indra.

Mandala 4, Hymn 26.

1. I WAS aforetime Manu, I was Surya: I am the sage Kaksivan, holy singer.
     Kutsa the son of Arjuni I master. I am the sapient Usana behold me.
2. I have bestowed the earth upon the Arya, and rain upon the man who brings oblation.
     I guided forth the loudly-roaring waters, and the Gods moved according to my pleasure.
3. In the wild joy of Soma I demolished Sambara’s forts, ninety-and-nine, together;
     And, utterly, the hundredth habitation, when helping Divodasa Atithigva.
4. Before all birds be ranked this Bird, O Maruts; supreme of falcons be this fleet-winged Falcon,
     Because, strong- pinioned, with no car to bear him, he brought to Manu the Godloved oblation.
5. When the Bird brought it, hence in rapid motion sent on the wide path fleet as thought he hurried.
     Swift he returned with sweetness of the Soma, and hence the Falcon hath acquired his glory.
6. Bearing the stalk, the Falcon speeding onward, Bird bringing from afar the draught that gladdens,
     Friend of the Gods, brought, grasping fast, the Soma which be bad taken from yon loftiest heaven.
7. The Falcon took and brought the Soma, bearing thousand libations with him, yea, ten thousand.
     The Bold One left Malignities behind him, wise, in wild joy of Soma, left the foolish.

Mandala 4, Hymn 27.

1. I, As I lay within the womb, considered all generations of these Gods in order.
     A hundred iron fortresses confined me but forth I flew with rapid speed a Falcon.
2. Not at his own free pleasure did he bear me: he conquered with his strength and manly courage.
     Straightway the Bold One left the fiends behind him and passed the winds as he grew yet more mighty.
3. When with loud cry from heaven down sped the Falcon, thence hasting like the wind he bore the Bold One.
     Then, wildly raging in his mind, the archer Krsanu aimed and loosed the string to strike him.
4. The Falcon bore him from heaven’s lofty summit as the swift car of Indra’s Friend bore Bhujyu.
     Then downward bither fell a flying feather of the Bird hasting forward in his journey.
5. And now let Maghavan accept the beaker, white, filled with milk, filled with the shining liquid;
     The best of sweet meath which the priests have offered: that Indra to his joy may drink, the Hero, that he may take and drink it to his rapture.

Mandala 4, Hymn 28.

1. ALLIED with thee, in this thy friendship, Soma, Indra for man made waters flow together,
     Slew Ahi, and sent forth the Seven Rivers, and opened as it were obstructed fountains.
2. Indu, with thee for his confederate, Indra swiftly with might pressed down the wheel of Surya.
     What rolled, all life’s support, on heaven’s high summit was separated from the great oppressor.
3. Indra smote down, Agni consumed, O Indu, the Dasyus ere the noontide in the conflict.
     Of those who gladly sought a hard-won dwelling he cast down many a thousand with his arrow.
4. Lower than all besides hast thou, O Indra, cast down the Dasyus, abject tribes of Dasas.
     Ye drave away, ye put to death the foemen, and took great vengeance with your murdering weapons.
5. So, of a truth, Indra and Soma, Heroes, ye burst the stable of the kine and horses,
     The stable which the bar or stone obstructed; and piercing through set free the habitations.

Mandala 4, Hymn 29.

1. COME, lauded, unto us with powers and succours, O Indra, with thy Tawny Steeds; exulting,
     Past even the foeman’s manifold libations, glorified with our hymns, true Wealth-bestower.
2. Man’s Friend, to this our sacrifice he cometh marking how he is called by Soma-pressers.
     Fearless, and conscious that his Steeds are noble, he joyeth with the Soma-pouring heroes.
3. Make his cars hear, that he may show his vigour and may be joyful in the way he loveth.
     May mighty Indra pouring forth in bounty bestow on us good roads and perfect safety;
4. He who with succour comes to his implorer, the singer here who with his song invites him;
     He who himself sets to the pole swift Coursers, he who hath hundreds, thousands, Thunder-wielder.
5. O Indra Maghavan, by thee protected may we be thine, princes and priests and singers,
     Sharing the riches sent from lofty heaven which yields much food, and all desire its bounty.

Mandala 4, Hymn 30.

1. O INDRA, Vrtra-slayer, none is better, mightier than thou:
     Verily there is none like thee.
2. Like chariot-wheels these people all together follow after thee:
     Thou ever art renowned as Great.
3. Not even all the gathered Gods conquered thee, Indra, in the war,
     When thou didst lengthen days by night.
4. When for the sake of those oppressed, and Kutsa as he battled,
     Thou stolest away the Sun’s car-wheel.
5. When, fighting singly, Indra. thou o’ercamest all the furious Gods, thou slewest those who strove with thee.
6. When also for a mortal man, Indra, thou speddest forth the Sun,
     And holpest Etasa with might.
7. What? Vrtra-slayer, art not thou, Maghavan, fiercest in thy wrath?
     So hast thou quelled the demon too.
8. And this heroic deed of might thou, Indra, also hast achieved,
     That thou didst smite to death the Dame, Heaven’s Daughter, meditating ill.
9. Thou, Indra, Mighty One, didst crush Usas, though Daughter of the Sky.
     When lifting up herself in pride.
10. Then from her chariot Usas fled, affrighted, from her ruined car.
     When the strong God had shattered it.
11. So there this car of Usas lay, broken to pieces, in Vipas,
     And she herself fled far away.
12. Thou, Indra, didst. with magic power resist the overflowing stream
     Who spread her waters o’er the land.
13. Valiantly didst thou seize and take the store which Susna had amassed,
     When thou didst crush his fortresses.
14. Thou, Indra, also smotest down Kulitara’s son Sambara,
     The Dasa, from the lofty hill.
15. Of Dasa Varcin’s thou didst slay the hundred thousand and the five,
     Crushed like the fellies, of a car.
16. So Indra, Lord of Heroes, Powers, caused the unwedded damsel’s son,
     The castaway, to share the lauds.
17. So sapient Indra, Lord of Might, brought Turvaga and Yadu, those
     Who feared the flood, in safel o’er.
18. Arpa and Citraratha, both Aryas, thou, Indra, slewest swift,
     On yonder side of Sarayu,
19. Thou, Vrtra-slayer, didst conduct those two forlorn, the blind, the lame.
     None may attain this bliss of thine.
20. For Divodasa, him who brought oblationt, 1ndra overthrew
     A hundred fortresses of stone.
21. The thirty thousand Disas he with magic power and weapons sent
     To slumber, for Dabhiti’s sake.
22. As such, O Vrtra-slayer, thou art general Lord of kine for all,
     Thou Shaker of all things that be.
23. Indra, whatever deed of might thou hast this day to execute,
     None be there now to hinder it.
24. O Watchful One, may Aryaman the God give thee all goodly things.
     May Risan, Bhaga, and the God Karulati give all things fair.

Mandala 4, Hymn 31.

1. WITH what help will he come to us, wonderful, ever-waxing Friend;
     With what most mighty company?
2. What genuine and most liberal draught will spirit thee with juice to burst
     Open e’en strongly-guarded wealth?
3. Do thou who art Protector of us thy friends who praise thee
     With hundred aids approach us.
4. Like as a courser’s circling wheel, so turn thee hitherward to us,
     Attracted by the hymns of men.
5. Thou seekest as it were thine own stations with swift descent of powers:
     I share thee even with the Sun.
6. What time thy courage and his wheels together, Indra, run their course
     With thee and with the Sun alike,
7. So even, Lord of Power and Might, the people call thee Maghavan,
     Giver, who pauses not to think.
8. And verily to him who toils and presses Soma juice for thee
     Thou quickly givest ample wealth.
9. No, not a hundred hinderers can check thy gracious bounty’s flow,
     Nor thy great deeds when thou wilt act.
10. May thine assistance keep us safe, thy hundred and thy thousand aids:
     May all thy favours strengthen us.
11. Do thou elect us this place for friendship and prosperity,
     And great celestial opulence.
12. Favour us, Indra, evermore with overflowing store of wealth:
     With all thy succours aid thou us.
13. With new protections, Indra, like an archer, open thou forus
     The stables that are filled with kine.
14. Our chariot, Indra, boldly moves endued with splendour, ne’er repulsed,
     Winning for us both kine andsteeds.
15. O Surya, make our fame to be most excellent among the Gods,
     Most lofty as the heaven on high.

Mandala 4, Hymn 32.

1. O THOU who slewest Vrtra, come, O Indra, hither to our side,
     Mighty One with thy mighty aids.
2. Swift and impetuous art thou, wondrous amid the well-dressed folk:
     Thou doest marvels for our help.
3. Even with the weak thou smitest down him
     who is stronger, with thy strength
     The mighty, with the Friends thou hast.
4. O Indra, we are close to thee; to thee we sing aloud our songs:
     Help hnd defend us, even us.
5. As such, O Caster of the Stone, come with thy succours wonderful,
     Blameless, and irresistible.
6. May we be friends of one like thee, O Indra, with the wealth of kine,
     Comrades for lively energy.
7. For thou, O Indra, art alone the Lord of strength that comes from kine
     So grant thou us abundant food.
8. They turn thee not another way, when, lauded, Lover of the Song,
     Thou wilt give wealth to those who praise.
9. The Gotamas have sung their song of praise to thee that thou mayst give,
     Indra, for lively energy.
10. We will declare thy hero deeds, what Disa forts thou brakest down,
     Attacking them in rapturous joy.
11. The sages sing those manly deeds which, Indra, Lover of the Song,
     Thou wrougbtest when the Soma flowed.
12. Indra, the Gotamas who bring thee praises have grown strong by thee.
     Give them renown with hero sons.
13. For, Indra, verily thou art the general treasure even of all .
     Thee, therefore, do we invocate.
14. Excellent Indra, turn to us: glad thee among us with the juice
     Of Somas, Soma-drinker thou.
15. May praise from us who think Qn thee, O Indra, bring thee near to us.
     Turn thy two Bay Steeds hitherward.
16. Eat of our sacrificial cake: rejoice thee in the songs we sing.
     Even as a lover in his bride.
17. To India for a thousand steeds well-trained and fleet of foot we pray,
     And hundred jars of Soma juice.
18. We make a hundred of thy kine, yea, and a thousand, hasten nigh:
     So let thy bounty come to us.
19. We have obtained, a gift from thee, ten water-ewers wrought of gold:
     Thou, Vrtra-slayer, givest much.
20. A bounteous Giver, give us much, bring much and not a trifling gift:
     Much, Indra, wilt thou fain bestow.
21. O Vrtra-slayer, thou art famed in many a place as bountiful
     Hero, thy bounty let us share.
22. I praise thy pair of Tawny Steeds, wise Son of him who giveth kine
     Terrify not the cows with these.
23. Like two slight images of girls, unrobed, upon a new-wrought post,
     So shine the Bay Steeds in their course.
24. For me the Bays are ready when I start, or start not, with the dawn, Innocuous in the ways they take.

Mandala 4, Hymn 33.

I. I SEND my voice as herald to the Rbhus; I crave the white cow for the overspreading.
     Wind-sped, the Skillful Ones in rapid motion have in an instant compassed round the heaven.
2. What time the Rbus had with care and marvels done proper service to assist their Parents,
     They won the friendship of the Gods; the Sages carried away the fruit of their devotion.
3. May they who made their Parents, who were lying like posts that moulder, young again for ever,-
     May Vaja, Vibhvan, Rbhu, joined with Indra , protect our sacrifice, the Soma-lovers.
4. As for a year the Rbhus kept the Milch-cow, throughout a year fashioned and formed her body,
     And through a year’s space still sustained her brightness, through these their labours they were made immortal.
5. Two beakers let us make,- thus said the eldest. Lct us make three,- this was the younger’s sentence.
     Four beakers let us make,- thus spoke the youngest. Tvastar approved this rede of yours, O Rbhus.
6. The men spake truth and even so they acted: this Godlike way of theirs the Rbhus followed.
     And Tvastar, when he looked on the four beakers resplendent as the day, was moved with envy.
7. When for twelve days the Rbhus joyed reposing as guests of him who never may be hidden,
     lley made fair fertile fields, they brought the rivers. Plants spread o’er deserts, waters filled the hollows.
8. May they who formed the swift car, bearing Heroes, and the Cow omniform and all-impelling,
     Even may they form wealth for us,-the Rbhus, dexterous-handed, deft in work and gracious.
9. So in their work the Gods had satisfaction, pondering it with thought and mental insight.
     The Gods’ expert artificer was Vaja, Indra’s Rbhuksan, Varuna’s was Vibhvan.
10. They whol made glad with sacrifice and praises, wrought the two Bays, his docile Steeds, for Indra,-
     Rbhus, as those who wish a friend to prosper, bestow upon us gear and growth of riches.
11. This day have they set gladdening drink before you. Not without toil are Gods inclined to friendship.
     Therefore do ye who are so great, O Rbhus, vouchsafe us treasures at this third libation.

Mandala 4, Hymn 34.

1. To this our sacrifice come Rbhu, Vibhvan, Vaja, and Indra with the gift of riches,
     Because this day hath Dhisana the Goddess set drink for you: the gladdening draughts have reached you.
2. Knowing your birth and rich in gathered treasure, Rbhus, rejoice together with the Rtus.
     The gladdening draughts and wisdom have approached you: send ye us riches with good store of heroes.
3. For you was made this sacrifice, O Rbhus, which ye, like men, won for yourselves aforetime.
     To you come all who find in you their pleasure: ye all were-even the two elder-Vajas.
4. Now for the mortal worshipper, O Heroes, for him who served you, was the gift of riches.
     Drink, Vajas, Rbhus! unto you is offered, to gladden you, the third and great libation.
5. Come to us, Heroes, Vajas and Rbhuksans, glorified for the sake of mighty treasure.
     These draughts approach you as the day is closing, as cows, whose calves are newly-born, their stable.
6. Come to this sacrifice of ours, ye Children of Strength, invoked with humble adoration.
     Drink of this meath, Wealth-givers, joined with Indra with whom ye are in full accord, ye Princes.
7. Close knit with Varuna drink the Soma, Indra; close-knit, ilymn-lover! with the Maruts drink it:
     Close-knit with drinkers first, who drink in season; close-knit with heavenly Dames who give us treasures.
8. Rejoice in full accord with the Adityas, in concord with the Parvatas, O Rbhus;
     In full accord with Savitar, Divine One; in full accord with floods that pour forth riches.
9. Rbhus, who helped their Parents and the Asvins, who formed the Milch-cow and the pair of horses,
     Made armour, set the heaven and earth asunder,-far- reaching Heroes, they have made good offspring.
10. Ye who have wealth in cattle and in booty, in heroes, in rich sustenance and treasure,
     Such, O ye Rbhus, first to drink, rejoicing, give unto us and those who laud our present.
11. Ye were not far: we have not left you thirsting, blameless in this our sacrifice, O Rbhus.
     Rejoice you with the Maruts and with Indra, with the Kings, Gods! that ye may give us riches.

Mandala 4, Hymn 35.

1. Come hither, O ye Sons of Strength, ye Rbhus; stay not afar, ye Children of Sudhanvan.
     At this libation is your gift of treasure. Let gladdening draughts approach you after Indra’s.
2. Hither is come the Rbhus’ gift of riches; here was the drinking of the well-pressed Soma,
     Since by dexterity and skill as craftsmen ye made the single chalice to be fourfold 
3. Ye made fourfold the chalice that wag single: ye spake these words and said, O Friend, assist us;
     Then, Vajas! gained the path of life eternal, deft-handed Rbhus, to the Gods’ assembly.
4. Out of what substance was that chalice fashioned which ye made fourfold by your art and wisdom?
     Now for the gladdening draught press out the liquor, and drink, O Rbhus, of die meath of Soma.
5. Ye with your cunning made your Parents youthful; the cup, for Gods to drink, ye formed with cunning;
     With cunning, Rbhus, rich in treasure, fashioned the two swift Tawny Steeds who carry Indra.
6. Whoso pours out for you, when days are closing, the sharp libation for your joy, O Vajas,
     For him, O mighty Rbhus, ye, rejoicing, have fashioned wealth with plenteous store of heroes.
7. Lord of Bay Steeds, at dawn thejuice thou drankest: thine, only thine, is the noonday libation.
     Now drink thou with the wealth-bestowing Rbhus, whom for their skill thou madest friends, O Indra.
8. Ye, whom your artist skill hath raised to Godhead have set you down above in heaven like falcons.
     So give us riches, Children of Sudhanvan, O Sons of Strength; ye have become immortal.
9. The third libation, that bestoweth treasure, which ye have won by skill, ye dexterous-handed,-
     This drink hath been effused for you, O Rbhus . drink it with high delight, with joy like Indra’s.

Mandala 4, Hymn 36.

1. THia car that was not made for horses or for reins, three-wheeled, worthy of lauds, rolls round the firmament.
     That is the great announcement of your Deity, that, O ye Rbhus, ye sustain the earth and heaven.
2. Ye Sapient Ones who made the lightly-rolling car out of your mind, by thought, the car that never errs,
     You, being such, to drink of this drinkoffering, you, O ye Vajas, and ye Rbhus, we invoke.
3. O Vajas, Rbhus, reaching far, among the Gods this was your exaltation gloriously declared,
     In that your aged Parents, worn with length of days, ye wrought again to youth so that they moved at will.
4. The chalice that wag single ye have made fourfold, and by your wisdom brought the Cow forth from the hide.
     So quickly, mid the Gods, ye gained immortal life. Vajas and Rbhus, your great work must be extolled.
5. Wealth from the Rbhus is most glorious in renown, that which the Heroes, famed for vigour, have produced.
     In synods must be sung the car which Vibhvan wrought: that which ye favour, Gods! is famed among mankind.
6. Strong is the steed, the man a sage in eloquence, the bowman is a hero hard to beat in fight,
     Great store of wealth and manly power hath he obtained whom Vaja, Vibhvan, Rbhus have looked kindly on.
7. To you hath been assigned the fairest ornament, the hymn of praise: Vajas and Rbhus, joy therein;
     For ye have lore and wisdom and poetic skill: as such, with this our prayer we call on you to come.
8. According to the wishes of our hearts may ye, who have full knowledge of all the delights of men,
     Fashion for us, O Rbhus, power and splendid wealth, rich in high courage, excellent, and vital strength.
9. Bestowing on us here riches and offspring, here fashion fame for us befitting heroes.
     Vouchsafe us wealth of splendid sort, O Rbhus, that we may make us more renowned than others.

Mandala 4, Hymn 37.

1. COME to our sacrifice, Vajas, Rbhuksans, Gods, by the paths which Gods are wont to travel,
     As ye, gay Gods, accept in splendid weather the sacrifice among these folk of Manus.
2. May these rites please you in your heart and spirit; may the drops clothed in oil this day approach you.
     May the abundant juices bear you onward to power and strength, and, when imbibed, delight you.
3. Your threefold going near is God-appointed, so praise is given you, Vajas and Rbhuksans.
     So, Manus-like, mid younger folk I offer, to you who are aloft in heaven, the Soma.
4. Strong, with fair chains of gold and jaws of iron, ye have a splendid car and well-fed horses.
     Ye Sons of Strength, ye progeny of Indra, to you the best is offered to delight you.
5. Rbhuksans! him, for handy wealth, the mightiest comrade in the fight,
     Him, Indra’s equal, we invoke, most bounteous ever, rich in steeds.
6. The mortal man whom, Rbhus, ye and Indra favour with your help,
     Must be successful, by his thoughts, at sacrifice and with the steed.
7. O Vajas and Rbhuksans, free for us the paths to sacrifice,
     Ye Princes, lauded, that we may press forward to each point of heaven.
8. O Vajas and Rbhuksans, ye Nasatyas, Indra, bless this wealth,
     And, before other men’s, the steed, that ample riches may be won.

Mandala 4, Hymn 38.

1. FROM you two came the gifts in days aforetime which Trasadasyu granted to the Purus.
     Ye gave the winner of our fields and plough-lands, and the strong smiter who subdued the Dasytis.
2. And ye gave mighty Dadhikras, the giver of many gifts, who visiteth all people,
     Impetuous hawk, swift and of varied colour, like a brave King whom each true man must honour.
3. Whom, as ‘twere down a precipice, swift rushing, each Puru praises and his heart rejoices,-
     Springing forth like a hero fain for battle, whirling the car and flying like the tempest.
4. Who gaineth precious booty in the combats and moveth, winning spoil, among the cattle;
     Shown in bright colour, looking on the assemblies, beyond the churl, to worship of the living.
5. Loudly the folk cry after him in battles, as ‘twere a thief who steals away a garment;
     Speeding to glory, or a herd of cattle, even as a hungry falcon swooping downward.
6. And, fain to come forth first amid these armies, this way and that with rows of cars he rushes,
     Gay like a bridesman, making him a garland, tossing the dust, champing the rein that holds him.
7. And that strong Steed, victorious and faithful, obedient with his body in the combat,
     Speeding straight on amid the swiftly ressing, casts o’er his brows the dust he tosses upward.
8. And at his thunder, like the roar of heaven, those who attack tremble and are affrighted;
     For when he fights against embattled thousands, dread is he in his striving; none may stay him.
9. The people praise the overpowering swiftness of this fleet Steed who giveth men abundance.
     Of him they say when drawing back from battle. Dadhikras hath sped forward with his thousands.
10. Dadhikras hath o’erspread the Fivefold People with vigour, as the Sun lightens the waters.
     May the strong Steed who winneth bundreds, thousands, requite with sweetness these my words and praises.

Mandala 4, Hymn 39.

1. Now give we praise to Dadhikras the rapid, and mention in our laud the Earth and Heaven.
     May the Dawns flushing move me to exertion, and bear me safely over every trouble.
2. I praise the mighty Steed who fills my spirit, the Stallion Dadhikravan rich in bounties,
     Whom, swift of foot aind shining bright as Agni, ye, Varuna and Mitra, gave to Purus.
3. Him who hath honoured, when the flame is kindled at break of dawn, the Courser Dadhikrivan,
     Him, of one mind with Varuna and Mitra may Aditi make free from all transgression.
4. When we remember mighty Dadhikravan our food and strength, then the blest name of Maruts,
     Varuna, Mitra, we invoke for welfare, and Agni, and the thunder-wielding Indra.
5. Both sides invoke him as they call on Indra when they stir forth and turn to sacrificing.
     To us have Varuna and Mitra granted the Courser Dadhikris, a guide for mortals.
6. So have I glorified with praise strong Dadhikravan, conquering Steed.
     Sweet may he make our mouths; may he prolong the days we have to live.

Mandala 4, Hymn 40.

1. LET us recite the praise of Dadhikravan: may all the Mornings move me to exertion;
     Praise of the Lord of Waters, Dawn, and Agni, Brhaspati Son of Angiras, and Surya.
2. Brave, seeking war and booty, dwelling with the good and with the swift, may he hasten the food of Dawn.
     May he the true, the fleet, the lover of the course, the bird-like Dadhikravan, bring food, strength, and light.
3. His pinion, rapid runner, fans him m his way, as of a bird that hastens onward to its aim,
     And, as it were a falcon’s gliding through the air, strikes Dadhikravan’s side as he speeds on with might.
4. Bound by the neck and by the flanks and by the mouth, the vigorous Courser lends new swiftness to his speed.
     Drawing himself together, as his strength allows, Dadhikras springs along the windings of the paths.
5. The Hamsa homed in light, the Vasu in mid-air, the priest beside the altar, in the house the guest,
     Dweller in noblest place, mid men, in truth, in sky, born of flood, kine, truth, mountain, he is holy Law.

Mandala 4, Hymn 41.

1. WHAT laud, O Indra-Varuna, with oblation, hath like the Immortal Priest obtained your favour?
     Hath our effectual laud, addressed with homage, touched you, O Indra-Varuna, in spirit?
2. He who with dainty food hath won you, Indra and Varuna, Gods, as his allies to friendship,
     Jayeth the Vrtras and his foes in battles, and through your mighty favours is made famous.
3. Indra and Varuna are most liberal givers of treasure to the men who toil to serve them,
     When they, as Friends inclined to friendship, honoured with dainty food, delight in flowing Soma.
4. Indra and Varuna, ye hurl, O Mighty, on him your strongest flashing bolt of thunder
     Who treats us ill, the robber and oppressor: measure on him your overwhelming vigour.
5. O Indra-Varuna, be ye the lovers of this my song, as steers who love the milch-Cow.
     Milk may it yield us as, gone forth to pasture, the great Cow pouring out her thousand rivers.
6. For fertile fields, for worthy sons and grandsons, for the Sun’s beauty and for steer-like vigour,
     May Indra-Varuna with gracious favours work marvels for us in the stress of battle.
7. For you, as Princes, for your ancient kindness, good comrades of the man who seeks for booty,
     We choose to us for the dear bond of friendship, most liberal Heroes bringing bliss like parents.
8. Showing their strength, these hymns for grace, Free-givers I have gone to you, devoted, as to battle.
     For glory have they gone, as milk to Soma, to Indra-Varuna my thoughts and praises.
9. To Indra and to Varuna, desirous of gaining wealth have these my thoughts proceeded.
     They have come nigh to you as treasurelovers, like mares, fleet-footed, eager for the glory.
10. May we ourselves be lords of during riches, of ample sustenance for car and hones.
     So may the Twain who work with newest succours bring yoked teams hitherward to us and riches.
11. Come with your mighty succours, O ye Mighty; come, Indra-Varuna, to us in battle.
     What time the flashing arrows play in combat, may we through you be winners in the contest.

Mandala 4, Hymn 42.

1. I AM the royal Ruler, mine is empire, as mine who sway all life are all Immortals.
     Varuna’s will the Gods obey and follow. I am the King of men’s most lofty cover.
2. I am King Varuna. To me were given these first existinghigh celestial powers.
     Varuna’s will the Gods obey and follow. I am the King of men’s most lofty cover.
3. I Varuna am Indra: in their greatness, these the two wide deep fairly-fashioned regions,
     These the two world-halves have I, even as Tvastar knowing all beings, joined and held together.
4. I made to flow the moisture-shedding waters, and set the heaven firm in the scat of Order.
     By Law the Son of Aditi, Law Observer, hath spread abroad the world in threefold measure.
5. Heroes with noble horses, fain for battle, selected warriors, call on me in combat.
     I Indra Maghavan, excite the conflict; I stir the dust, Lord of surpassing vigour.
6. All this I did. The Gods’ own conquering power never impedeth me whom none opposeth.
     When lauds and Soma juice have made me joyful, both the unbounded regions are affrighted.
7. All beings know these deeds of thine thou tellest this unto Varuna, thou great Disposer!
     Thou art renowned as having slain the Vrtras. Thou madest flow the floods that were obstructed.
8. Our fathers then were these, the Seven his, what time the son of Durgaha was captive.
     For her they gained by sacrifice Trasadasyu, a demi-god, like Indra, conquering foemen.
9. The spouse of Purukutsa gave oblations to you, O Indra-Varuna, with homage.
     Then unto her ye gave King Trasadasyu, the demi-god, the slayer of the foeman.
10. May we, possessing much, delight in riches, Gods in oblations and the kine in pasture;
     And that Milch-cow who ahrinks not from the milking, O Indra-Varuna, give to us daily.

Mandala 4, Hymn 43.

1. WHO will hear, who of those who merit worship, which of all Gods take pleasure in our homage?
     On whose heart shall we lay this laud celestial, rich with fair offerings, dearest to Immortals?
2. Who will be gracious? Who will come most uickly of all the Gods? Who will
     bring liss most largely?
     What car do they call swift with rapid coursers? That which the Daughter of the Sun elected.
3. So many days do ye come swiftly hither, as Indra to give help in stress of battle.
     Descended from the sky, divine, strong-pinioned, by which of all your powers are ye most mighty?
4. What is the prayer that we should bring you, Asvins, whereby ye come to us when invocated?
     Whether of you confronts e’en great betrayal? Lovers of sweetness, Dasras, help and save us.
5. In the wide space your chariot reacheth heaven, what time it turneth hither from the ocean.
     Sweets from your sweet shall drop, lovers of sweetness! These have they dressed for you as dainty viands.
6. Let Sindhu with his wave bedew your horses: in fiery glow have the red birds come hither.
     Observed of all was that your rapid going, whereby ye were the Lords of Siirya’s Daughter.
7. Whene’er I gratified you here together, your grace was given us, O ye rich in booty.
     Protect, ye Twain, the singer of your praises: to you, Nasatyas, is my wish directed.

Mandala 4, Hymn 44.

1. WE will invoke this day your car, farspreading, O Asvins, even the gathering, of the sunlight,-
     Car praised in hymns, most ample, rich in treasure, fitted with seats, the car that beareth Surya.
2. Asvins, ye gained that glory by your Godhead, ye Sons of Heaven, by your own might and power.
     Food followeth close upon your bright appearing when stately horses in your chariot draw you.
3. Who bringeth you to-day for help with offered oblation, or with hymns to drink the juices?
     Who, for the sacrifice’s ancient lover, turneth you hither, Asvins, offering homage?
4. Borne on your golden car, ye omnipresent! come to this sacrifice of ours, Nasatyas.
     Drink of the pleasant liquor of the Soma give riches to the people who adore you.
5. Come hitherward to us from earth, from heaven, borne on your golden chariot rolling lightly.
     Suffer not other worshippers to stay you here are ye bound by earlier bonds of friendship.
6. Now for us both, mete out, O WonderWorkers, riches exceeding great with store of heroes,
     Because the men have sent you praise, O Asvins, and Ajamilhas come to the laudation.
7. Whene’er I gratified you here together, your grace was given us, O ye rich in booty.
     Protect, ye Twain, the singer of your praises: to you, Nasatyas, is my wish directed.

Mandala 4, Hymn 45.

1. YONDER goes up that light: your chariot is yoked that travels round upon the summit of this heaven.
     Within this car are stored three kindred shares of food, and a skin filled with meath is rustling as the fourth.
2. Forth come your viands rich with store of pleasant meath, and cars and horses at the flushing of the dawn,
     Stripping the covering from the surrounded gloom, and spreading through mid-air bright radiance like the Sun.
3. Drink of the meath with lips accustomed to the draught; harness for the meath’s sake the chariot that ye love.
     Refresh the way ye go, refresh the paths with meath: hither, O Asvins, bring the skin that holds the meath.
4. The swans ye have are friendly, rich in store of mcath, gold-pinioned, strong to draw, awake at early morn,
     Swimming the flood, exultant, fain for draughts that cheer: ye come like flies to our libations of-the meath.
5. Well knowing solemn rites and rich in meath, the fires sing to the morning Asvins at the break of day,
     When with pure hands the prudent energetic priest hath with the stones pressed out the Soma rich in meath.
6. The rays advancing nigh, chasing with day the gloom, spread through the firmament bright radiance like the Sun;
     And the Sun harnessing his horses goeth forth: ye through your Godlike nature let his paths be known.
7. Devout in thought I have declared, O Asvins, your chariot with good steeds, which lasts for ever,
     Wherewith ye travel swiftly through the regions to the prompt worshipper who brings oblation.

Mandala 4, Hymn 46.

1. DRINK the best draught of Soma-juice, O Vayu, at our holy rites:
     For thou art he who drinketh first.
2. Come, team-drawn, with thy hundred helps, with Indra, seated in the car,
     Vaya, and drink your fill of juice.
3. May steeds a thousand bring you both, Indra. and Vayu, hitherward
     To drink the Soma, to the feagt.
4. For ye, O Indra-Vayu, mount the goldenseated car that aids
     The sacrifice, that reaches heaven.
5. On far-refulgent chariot come unto the man who offers gifts:
     Come, Indra-Vayu, hitherward.
6. Here, Indra-Vayu, is the juice: drink it, accordant with the Gods,
     Within the giver’s dwelling-place.
7. Hither, O Indra-Vayu, be your journey here unyoke your steeds,
     Here for your draught of Soma juice.

Mandala 4, Hymn 47.

1. Vayu, the bright is offered thee, best of the meath at holy rites.
     Come thou to drink the Soma juice, God, longed-for, on thy team-drawn car.
2. O Vayu, thou and Indra are meet drinkers of these Soma-draughts,
     For unto you the drops proceed as waters gather to the vale.
3. O Indra-Vayu, mighty Twain, speeding together, Lords of Strength,
     Come to our succour with your team, that ye may drink the Soma juice.
4. The longed-for teams which ye possess, O Heroes, for the worshipper,
     Turn to us, Indra-Vayu, ye to whom the sacrifice is paid.

Mandala 4, Hymn 48.

1. TASTE offerings never tasted yet, as bards enjoy the foeman’s wealth.
     O Vayu, on refulgent car come to the drinking of the juice.
2. Removing curses, drawn by teams, with 1ndra, seated by thy side,
     O Vayu, on refulgent car come to the drinking of the juice.
3. The two dark treasuries of wealth that wear
     all beauties wait on thee.
     O Vayu, on refulgent car come to the drinking of the juice.
4. May nine-and-ninety harnessed steeds who yoke them at thy will bring thee.
     O Vayu, on refulgent car come to the drinking of the juice.
5. Harness, O Vayu, to thy car a hundred well-fed tawny steeds,
     Yea, or a thousand steeds, and let thy chariot come to us with might.

Mandala 4, Hymn 49.

1. DEAR is this offering in your mouth, O Indra and Brhaspati:
     Famed is the laud, the gladdening draught.
2. This lovely Soma is effused, O Indra and Brhaspati,
     For you, to drink it and rejoice.
3. As Soma-drinkers to our house come, Indra and Brhaspati-and Indra-to drink Soma juice.
4. Vouchsafe us riches hundredfold, O Indra, and Brhaspati,
     With store of horses, thousandfold.
5. O Indra. and Brhaspati, we call you when the meath is shed,
     With songs, to drink the Soma juice.
6. Drink, Indra and Brhaspati, the Soma in the giver’s house:
     Delight yourselves abiding there.

Mandala 4, Hymn 50.

1. Him who with might hath propped earth’s ends, who sitteth in threefold seat, Brhaspati, with thunder,
     Him of the pleasant tongue have ancient sages, deep-thinking, holy singers, set before them.
2. Wild in their course, in well-marked wise rejoicing were they, Brhaspati, who pressed around us.
     Preserve Brhaspati, the stall uninjured, this company’s raining, ever-moving birthplace.
3. Brhaspati, from thy remotest distance have they sat down who love the law eternal.
     For thee were dug wells springing from the mountain, which murmuring round about pour streams of sweetness.
4. Brhaspati, when first he had his being from mighty splendour in supremest heaven,
     Strong, with his sevenfold mouth, with noise of thunder, with his seven rays, blew and dispersed the darkness.
5. With the loud-shouting band who sang his praises, with thunder, he destroyed obstructive Vala.
     Brhaspati thundering drave forth the cattle, the lowing cows who make oblations ready.
6. Serve we with sacrifices, gifts, and homage even thus the Steer of all the Gods, the Father.
     Brhaspati, may we be lords of riches, with noble progeny and store of heroes.
7. Surely that King by power and might heroic hath made him lord of all his foes’ posses-ions,
     Who cherishes Brhaspati well-tended, adorns and worships him as foremost sharer.
8. In his own house he dwells in peace and comfort: to him for ever holy food flows richly.
     To him the people with free will pay homage-the King with whom the Brahman hatb precedence.
9. He, unopposed, is master of the riches.of his own subjects and of hostile people.
     The Gods uphold that King with their protection who helps the Brahman when he seeks his favour.
10. Indra, Brhaspati, rainers of treasure, rejoicing at this sacrifice drink the Soma.
     Let the abundant drops sink deep within you: vouchsafe us riches with full store of heroes.
11. Brhaspati and Indra, make us prosper may this be your benevolence to usward.
     Assist our holy thoughts, wake up our spirit: weaken the hatred of our foe and rivals.

Mandala 4, Hymn 51.

1. FORTH from the darkness in the region eastward this most abundant splendid light hatb mounted.
     Now verily the far-refulgent Mornings, Daughters of Heaven, bring welfare to the people.
2. The richly-coloured Dawns have mounted eastward, like pillars planted at our sacrifices,
     And, flushing far, splendid and purifying, unbarred the portals of the fold of darkness.
3. Dispelling gloom this day the wealthy Mornings urge liberal givers to present their treasures.
     In the unlightened depth of darkness round them let niggard traffickers sleep unawakened.
4. O Goddesses, is this your car, I ask you, ancient this day, or is it new, ye Mornings,
     Wherewith, rich Dawns, ye seek with wealth Navagva, Dasagva Angira, the seven-toned singer?
5. With horses harnessed by eternal Order, Goddesses, swiftly round the worlds ye travel,
     Arousing from their rest, O Dawns, the sleeping, and all that lives, man, bird, and beast, to motion.
6. Which among these is eldest, and where is she through whom they fixed the Rbhus’ regulations?
     What time the splendid Dawns go forth for splendour, they are not known aparto alike, unwasting.
7. Blest were these Dawns of old, shining with succour, true with the truth that springs from holy Order;
     With whom the toiling worshipper, by praises, hymning and lauding, soon attained to riches.
8. Hither from eastward all at once they travel, from one place spreading in the selfsame manner.
     Awaking, from the seat of holy Order the Godlike Dawns come nigh like troops of cattle.
9. Thus they go forth with undiminished colours, these Mornings similar, in self-same fashion,
     Concealing the gigantic might of darkness with radiant bodies bright and pure and shining.
10. O Goddesses, O Heaven’s refulgent Daughters, bestow upon us wealth with store of children.
     As from our pleasant place of rest ye rouse us may we be masters of heroic vigour.
11. Well-skilled in lore of sacrifice, ye Daughters of Heaven, refulgent Dawns, I thus address you.
     May we be glorious among the people. May Heaven vouchsafe us this, and Earth the Goddess,

Mandala 4, Hymn 52.

1. THIS Lady, giver of delight, after her Sister shining forth, Daughter of Heaven, hath shown herself.-
2. Unfailing, Mother of the Kine, in colour like a bright red mare,
     The Dawn became the Asvins’ Friend.
3. Yea, and thou art the Asvins’ Friend, the Mother of the Kine art thou:
     O Dawn thou rulest over wealth.
4. Thinking of thee, O joyous One, as her who driveth hate away,
     We woke to meet thee with our lauds.
5. Our eyes behold thy blessed rays like troops of cattle loosed to feed.
     Dawn hath filled full the wide expanse.
6. When thou hast filled it, Fulgent One! thou layest bare the gloom with light.
     After thy nature aid us, Dawn.
7. Thou overspreadest heaven with rays, the dear wide region of mid-air.
     With thy bright shining lustre, Dawn.

Mandala 4, Hymn 53.

1. OF Savitar the God, the sapient Asura, we crave this great gift which is worthy of our choice,
     Wherewith he freely grants his worshiper defence. This with his rays the Great God hath vouchsafed to us.
2. Sustainer of the heaven, Lord of the whole world’s life, the Sage, he putteth on his golden-coloured mail.
     Clear-sighted, spreading far, filling the spacious realm, Savitar hath brought forth bliss that deserveth laud.
3. He hath filled full the regions of the heaven and earth: the God for his own strengthening waketh up the hymn.
     Savitar hath stretched out his arms to cherish life, producing with his rays and lulling all that moves.
4. Lighting all living creatures, neer to be deceived, Savitar, God, protects each holy ordinance.
     He hath stretched out his arms to all the folk of earth, and, with his laws observed, rules his own mighty course.
5. Savitar thrice surrounding with his mightiness mid-air, three regions, and the triple sphere of light,
     Sets the three heavens in motion and the threefold earth, and willingly protects us with his triple law.
6. Most gracious God, who brings to life and lulls to rest, he who controls the world, what moves not and what moves,
     May he vouchsafe us shelter, -Savitar the God,- for tranquil life, with triple bar against distress.
7. With the year’s seasons hath Savitar, God, come nigh: may he prosper our home, give food and noble sons.
     May he invigorate us through the days and nights, and may he send us opulence with progeny.

Mandala 4, Hymn 54.

1. Now must we praise and honour Savitar the God: at this time of the day the men must call to him,
     Him who distributes wealth to Manu’s progeny, that he may grant us here riches most excellent.
2. For thou at first producest for the holy Gods the noblest of all portions, immor-tality:
     Thereafter as a gift to men, O Savitar, thou openest existence, life succeeding life.
3. If we, men as we are, have sinned against the Gods through want of thought, in weakness, or through insolence,
     Absolve us from the guilt and make us free from sin, O Savitar, alike among both Gods and men.
4. None may impede that power of Savitar the God whereby he will maintain the universal world.
     What the fair-fingered God brings forth on earth’s expanse or in the height of heaven, that work of his stands sure.
5. To lofty hills thou sendest those whom Indra leads, and givest fixed abodes with houses unto these.
     However they may fly and draw themselves apart, still, Savitar, they stand obeying thy behest.
6. May the libations poured to thee thrice daily, day after day, O Savitar, bring us blessing.
     May Indra, Heaven, Earth, Sindhu with the Waters, Aditi with Adityas, give us shelter.

Mandala 4, Hymn 55.

1. WHO of you, Vasus, saveth? who protecteth? O Heaven and Earth and Aditi, preserve us,
     Varuna., Mitra, from the stronger mortal. Gods, which of you at sacrifice giveth comfort?
2. They who with laud extol the ancient statutes, when they shine forth infallible dividers,
     Have ordered as perpetual Ordainers, and beamed as holy-thoughted WonderWorkers.
3. The Housewife Goddess, Aditi, and Sindhu, the Goddess Svasti I implore for friendship:
     And may the unobstructed Night and Morning both, day and night, provide for our protection.
4. Aryaman, Varuna have disclosed the pathway, Agni as Lord of Strength the road to welfare.
     Lauded in manly mode may Indra-Visnu grant us their powerful defence and shelter.
5. I have besought the favourof the Maruts, of Parvata, of Bhaga God who rescues.
     From trouble caused by man the Lord preserve us; from woe sent by his friend let Mitra save us.
6. Agree, through these our watery oblations, Goddesses, Heaven and Earth, with Ahibudhnya.
     As if to win the sea, the Gharma-heaters have opened, as they come anear, the rivers.
7. May Goddess Aditi with Gods defend us, save us the saviour God with care unceasing.
     We dare not stint the sacred food of Mitra and Varuna upon the back of Agni.
8. Agni is Sovran Lord of wealth, Agni of great prosperity:
     May he bestow these gifts on us.
9. Hither to us, rich pleasant Dawn, bring many things to be desired,
     Thou who hast ample store of wealth.
10. So then may Bhaga, Savitar, Varuna, Mitra, Aryaman, Indra, with bounty come to us.

Mandala 4, Hymn 56.

1. MAY mighty Heaven and Earth, most meet for honour, be present here with light and gleaming splendours;
     When, fixing them apart, vast, most extensive, the Steer roars loudly in far-reaching courses.
2. The Goddesses with Gods, holy with holy, the Two stand pouring out their rain, exhaustless:
     Faithful and guileless, having Gods for children, leaders of sacrifice with shining splendours.
3. Sure in the worlds he was a skilful Craftsman, he who produced these Twain the Earth and Heaven.
     Wise, with his power he brought both realms, together spacious and deep, wellfashioned, unsupported.
4. O Heaven and Earth, with one accord promoting, with high protection as of Queens, our welfare,
     Far-reaching, universal, holy, guard us. May we, car-borne, through song be victors ever.
5. To both of you, O Heaven and Earth, we bring our lofty song of praise,
     Pure Ones! to glorify you both.
6. Ye sanctify each other’s form, by your own proper might ye rule,
     And from of old observe the Law.
7. Furthering and fulfilling, ye, O Mighty, perfect Mitra’s Law.
     Ye sit around our sacrifice.

Mandala 4, Hymn 57.

1. WE through the Master of the Field, even as through a friend, obtain
     What nourisheth our kine and steeds. In such may he be good to us.
2. As the cow yieldeth milk, pour for us freely, Lord of the Field, the wave that beareth sweetness,
     Distilling meath, well-purified like butter, and let the. Lords of holy Law be gracious.
3. Sweet be the plants for us. the heavens, the waters, and full of sweets for us be air’s mid-region.
     May the Field’s Lord for us be full of sweetness, and may we follow after him uninjured.
4. Happily work our steers and men, may the plough furrow happily.
     Happily be the traces bound; happily may he ply the goad.
5. Suna and Sira, welcome ye this laud, and with the milk which ye have made in heaven
     Bedew ye both this earth of ours.
6. Auspicious Sita, come thou near: we venerate and worship thee
     That thou mayst bless and prosper us and bring us fruits abundantly.
7. May Indra press the furrow down, may Pusan guide its course aright.
     May she, as rich in milk, be drained for us through each succeeding year.
8. Happily let the shares turn up the ploughland, happily go the ploughers with the oxen.
     With meath and milk Parjanya make us happy. Grant us prosperity, Suna and Sira.

Mandala 4, Hymn 58.

1. FORTH from the ocean sprang the wave of sweetness: together with the stalk it turned to Amrta,
     That which is holy oil’s mysterious title: but the Gods’ tongue is truly Amrta’s centre.
2. Let us declare aloud the name of Ghrta, and at this sacrifice hold it up with homage.
     So let the Brahman hear the praise we utter. This hath the four-horned Buffalo emitted.
3. Four are his horns, three are the feet that bear him; his heads are two, his hands are seven in number.
     Bound with a triple bond the Steer roars loudly: the mighty God hath entered in to mortals.
4. That oil in triple shape the Gods discovered laid down within the Cow, concealed by Panis.
     Indra produced one shape, Surya another: by their own power they formed the third from Vena.
5. From inmost reservoir in countless channels flow down these rivers which the foe beholds not.
     I look upon the streams of oil descending, and lo! the Golden Reed is there among them.
6. Like rivers our libations flow together, cleansing themselves in inmost heart and spirit.
     The streams of holy oil pour swiftly downward like the wild beasts that fly before the bowman.
7. As rushing down the rapids of a river, flow swifter than the wind the vigorous currents,
     The streams of oil in swelling fluctuation like a red courser bursting through the fences.
8.Like women at a gathering fair to look on and gently smiling, they incline to Agni.
     The streams of holy oil attain the fuel, and Jatavedas joyfully receives them.
9. As maidens dock themselves with gay adornment to join the bridal feast, I now behold them.
     Where Soma flows and sacrifice is ready, thither the streams of holy oil are running.
10. Send to our eulogy a herd of cattle bestow upon us excellent possessions.
     Bear to the Gods the sacrifice we offer the streams of oil flow pure and full of sweetness.
11. The universe depends upon thy power and might within the sea, within the heart, within all life.

Mandala 5, Hymn 1.

1. Agni is wakened by the people’s fuel to meet the Dawn who cometh like a milch-cow.
     Like young trees shooting up on high their branches, his flames are rising to the vault of heaven.
2. For worship of the Gods the Priest was wakened: at morning gracious Agni hath arisen.
     Kindled, his radiant might is made apparent, and the great Deity set free from darkness.
3. When he hath stirred the line of his attendants, with the pure milk pure Agni is anointed.
     The strength-bestowing gift is then made ready, which spread in front, with tongues, erect, he drinketh.
4. The spirits of the pious turn together to Agni, as the eyes of all to Surya.
     He, when both Dawns of different hues have borne him, springs up at daybreak as a strong white charger.
5. The noble One was born at days’ beginning, laid red in colour mid the well-laid fuel.
     Yielding in every house his seven rich treasures, Agni is seated, Priest most skilled in worship.
6. Agni hath sat him down, a Priest most skilful, on a sweet-smelling place, his Mother’s bosom.
     Young, faithful, sage, preeminent o’er many, kindled among the folk whom he sustaineth.
7. This Singer excellent at sacrifices, Agni the Priest, they glorify with homage.
     Him who spread out both worlds by Law Eternal they balm with oil, strong Steed who never faileth.
8. He, worshipful House-Friend, in his home is worshipped, our own auspicious guest, lauded by sages.
     That strength the Bull with thousand horns possesses. In might, O Agni, thou excellest others.
9. Thou quickly passest by all others, Agni, for him to whom thou hast appeared most lovely,
     Wondrously fair, adorable, effulgent, the guest of men, the darling of the people.
10. To thee, Most Youthful God! to thee, O Agni from near and far the people bring their tribute.
     Mark well the prayer of him who best extols thee. Great, high, auspicious, Agni, is thy shelter.
11. Ascend to-day thy splendid car, O Agni, in splendour, with the Holy Ones around it.
     Knowing the paths by mid-air’s spacious region bring hither Gods to feast on our oblation.
12. To him adorable, sage, strong and mighty we have sung forth our song of praise and homage.
     Gavisthira hath raised with prayer to Agni this laud far-reaching, like gold light to heaven.

Mandala 5, Hymn 2.

1. THE youthful Mother keeps the Boy in secret pressed to her close, nor yields him to the Father.
     But, when he lies upon the arm, the people see his unfading countenance before them.
2. What child is this thou carriest as handmaid, O Youthful One? The Consort-Queen hath bome him.
     The Babe unborn increased through many autumns. I saw him born what time his Mother bare him.
3. I saw him from afar gold-toothed, bright-coloured, hurling his weapons from his habitation,
     What time I gave him Amrta free from mixture. How can the Indraless, the hymnless harm me?
4. I saw him moving from the place he dwells in, even as with a herd, brilliantly shining.
     These seized him not: he had been born already. They who were grey with age again grow youthful.
5. Who separate my young bull from the cattle, they whose protector was in truth no stranger?
     Let those whose hands have seized upon them free them. May he, observant, drive the herd to us-ward.
6. Mid mortal men godless have secreted the King of all who live, home of the people.
     So may the prayers of Atri give him freedom. Reproached in turn be those who now reproach him.
7. Thou from the stake didst loose e’en Sunahsepa bound for a thousand; for he prayed with fervour.
     So, Agni, loose from us the bonds that bind us, when thou art seated here, O Priest who knowest.
8. Thou hast sped from me, Agni, in thine anger: this the protector of Gods’ Laws hath told me.
     Indra who knoweth bent his eye upon thee: by him instructed am I come, O Agni.
9. Agni shines far and wide with lofty splendour, and by his greatness makes all things apparent.
     He conquers godless and malign enchantments, and sharpens both his horns to gore the Raksas.
10. Loud in the heaven above be Agni’s roarings with keen-edged weapons to destroy the demons.
     Forth burst his splendours in the Soma’s rapture. The godless bands press round but cannot stayhim.
11. As a skilled craftsman makes a car, a singer I, Mighty One! this hymn for thee have fashioned.
     If thou, O Agni, God, accept it gladly, may we obtain thereby the heavenly Waters.
12. May he, the strong-necked Steer, waxing in vigour, gather the foeman’s wealth with none to check him.
     Thus to this Agni have the Immortals spoken. To man who spreads the grass may he grant shelter, grant shelter to the man who brings oblation.

Mandala 5, Hymn 3.

1. THOU at thy birth art Varuna, O Agni; when thou art kindled thou becomest Mitra.
     In thee, O Son of Strength, all Gods are centred. Indra art thou to man who brings oblation.
2. Aryaman art thou as regardeth maidens mysterious, is thy name, O Self-sustainer.
     As a kind friend with streams of milk they balm thee what time thou makcst wife and lord one-minded.
3. The Maruts deck their beauty for thy glory, yea, Rudra! for thy birth fair, brightly-coloured.
     That which was fixed as Visnu’s loftiest station-therewith the secret of the Cows thou guardest.
4. Gods through thy glory, God who art so lovely! granting abundant gifts gained life immortal.
     As their own Priest have men established Agni; and serve him fain for praise from him who liveth.
5. There is no priest more skilled than thou in worship; none Self-sustainer pass thee in wisdom.
     Ile man within whose house as guest thou dwellest, O God, by sacrifice shall conquer mortals.
6. Aided by thee, O Agni may we conquer through our oblation, fain for wealth, awakened:
     May we in battle, in the days’ assemblies,O Son of Strength, by riches conquer mortals.
7. He shall bring evil on the evil-plottcr whoever turns against us sin and outrage.
     Destroy this calumny of him, O Agni, whoever injures us with double-dealing.
8. At this dawn’s flushing, God! our ancient fathers served thee with offerings, making thee their envoy,
     When, Agni, to the store of wealth thou goest, a God cnkindled with good things by mortals.
9. Save, thou who knowest, draw thy father near thee, who counts as thine own son, O Child of Power.
     O sapient Agni, when wilt thou regard us? When, skilled in holy Law, wilt thou direct us?
10. Adoring thee he gives thee many a title, when thou, Good Lord! acceptest this as Father.
     And doth not Agni, glad in strength of Godhead, gain splendid bliss when he hath waxen mighty?
11. Most Youthful Agni, verily thou bearest thy praiser safely over all his troubles.
     Thieves have been seen by us and open foemen: unknown have been the plottings of the wicked.
12. To thee these eulogies have been directed: or to the Vasu hath this sin been spoken.
     But this our Agni, flaming high, shall never yield us to calumny, to him who wrongs us.

Mandala 5, Hymn 4.

1. O AGNI, King and Lord of wealth and treasures, in thee is my delight at sacrifices.
     Through thee may we obtain the strength we long for, and overcome the fierce attacks of mortals.
2. Agni, Eternal Father, offering- bearer, fair to behold, far-reaching, far-refulgent,
     From well-kept household fire beam food to feed us, and measure out to us abundant glory.
3. The Sage of men, the Lord of human races, pure, purifying Agni, balmed with butter,
     Him the Omniscient as your Priest ye stablish: he wins among the Gods things worth the choosing.
4. Agni, enjoy, of one accord with Ila, striving in rivalry with beams of Sarya,
     Enjoy, O Jatavedas, this our fuel, and bring the Gods to us to taste oblations.
5. As dear House-Friend, guest welcome in the dwelling, to this our sacrifice come thou who knowest.
     And, Agni, having scattered all assailants, bring to us the possessions of our foemen.
6. Drive thou away the Dasyu with thy weapon. As, gaining vital power for thine own body,
     O Son of Strength, the Gods thou satisfiest, so in fight save us, most heroic Agni.
7. May we, O Agni, with our lauds adore thee, and with our gifts, fair-beaming Purifier!
     Send to us wealth containing all things precious: bestow upon us every sort of riches.
8. Son of Strength, Agni, dweller in three regions, accept our sacrifice and our oblation.
     Among the Gods may we be counted pious: protect us with a triply-guarding shelter.
9. Over all woes and dangers, Jatavedas, bear us as in a boat across a river.
     Praised with our homage even as Atri praised thee, O Agni, be the guardian of our bodies.
10. As I, remembering thee with grateful spirit, a mortal, call with might on thee Immortal,
     Vouchsafe us high renown, O Jatavedas, and may I be immortal by my children.
11. The pious man, O Jatavedas Agni, to whom thou grantest ample room and pleasure,
     Gaineth abundant wealth with sons and horses, with heroes and with kine for his well-being.

Mandala 5, Hymn 5.

1. To Agni, Jatavedas, to the flame, the well-enkindled God,
     Offer thick sacrificial oil.
2. He, Narasamsa, ne’er beguiled, inspiriteth this sacrifice:
     For sage is he, with sweets in hand.
3. Adored, O Agni, hither bring Indra the Wonderful, the Friend,
     On lightly-rolling car to aid.
4. Spread thyself out, thou soft as wool The holy hymns have sung to thee.
     Bring gain to us, O beautiful!
5. Open yourselves, ye Doors Divine, easy of access for our aid:
     Fill, more and more, the sacrifice.
6. Fair strengtheners of vital power, young Mothers of eternal Law,
     Morning and Night we supplicate.
7. On the wind’s flight come, glorified, ye two celestial Priests of man
     Come ye to this our sacrifice.
8. l! Sarasvati, Mahl, three Goddesses who tring us weal,
     Be seated harmless on the grass.
9. Rich in all plenty, Tvastar, come auspicious of thine own accord
     Help us in every sacrifice.
10. Vanaspati, wherever thou knowest the Gods’ mysterious names,
     Send our oblations thitherward.
11. To Agni and to Varuna, Indra, the Maruts, and the Gods,
     With Svaha be oblation brought.

Mandala 5, Hymn 6.

1. I VALUE Agni that good Lord, the home to which the kine return:
     Whom fleet-foot coursers seek as home, and strong enduring steeds as home. Bring food to those who sing thy praise.
2. ‘Tis Agni whom we laud as good, to whom the milch-kine come in herds,
     To whom the chargers swift of foot, to whom our well-born princes come. Bring food to those who sing thy praise.
3. Agni the God of all mankind, gives, verily, a steed to man.
     Agni gives precious gear for wealth, treasure he gives when he is pleased. Bring food to those who sing thy praise.
4. God, Agni, we will kindle thee, rich in thy splendour, fading not,
     So that this glorious fuel may send forth by day its light for thee. Bring food to those who sing thy praise.
5. To thee the splendid, Lord of flame, bright, wondrous, Prince of men, is brought.
     Oblation with the holy verse, O Agni, bearer of our gifts.
     Bring food to those who sing thy praise.
6. These Agnis in the seats of the fire nourish each thing most excellent.
     They give delight, they spread abroad, they move themselves continually. Bring food to those who sing thy praise.
7. Agni, these brilliant flames of thine wax like strong chargers mightily,
     Who with the treadings of their hoofs go swiftly to the stalls of kine. Bring food to those who sing thy praise.
8. To us who laud thee, Agni, bring fresh food and safe and happy homes.
     May we who have sung hymns to thee have thee for envoy in each house. Bring food to those who sing thy praise.
9. Thou, brilliant God, within thy mouth warmest both ladies of the oil.
     So fill us also, in our hymns, abundantly, O Lord of Strength,Bring food to those who sing thy praise.
10. Thus Agni have we duly served with sacrifices and with hymns.
     So may he give us what we crave, store of brave sons and fleet-foot steeds. Bring food to those who sing thy praise.

Mandala 5, Hymn 7.

1. OFFER to Agni, O my friends, your seemly food, your seemly praise;
     To him supremest o’er the folk, the Son of Strength, the mighty Lord:
2. Him in whose presence, when they meet in full assembly, men rejoice;
     Even him whom worthy ones inflame, and living creatures bring to life.
3. When we present to him the food and sacrificial gifts of men,
     He by the might of splendour grasps the holy Ordinance’s rein.
4. He gives a signal in the night even to him who is afar,
     When he, the Bright, unchanged by eld, consumes the sovrans of the wood.
5. He in whose service on the ways they offer up their drops of sweat,
     On him is their high kin have they mounted, as ridges on the earth.
6. Whom, sought of many, mortal man hath found to be the Stay of all;
     He who gives flavour to our food, the home of every man that lives.
7. Even as a herd that crops the grass he shears the field and wilderness,
     With flashing teeth and beard of gold, deft with his unabated might.
8. For him, to whom, bright as an axe he, as to Atri, hath flashed forth,
     Hath the well-bearing Mother borne, producing when her time is come.
9. Agni to whom the oil is shed by him thou lovest to support,
     Bestow upon these mortals fame and splendour and intelligence.
10. Such zeal hath he, resistless one: he gained the cattle given by thee.
     Agni, may Atri overcome the Dasyus who bestow no gifts, subdue the men who give no food.

Mandala 5, Hymn 8.

1. O AGNI urged to strength, the men of old who loved the Law enkindled thee,
     the Ancient, for their aid,
     Thee very bright, and holy, nourisher of all, most excellent, the Friend and Master of the home.
2. Thee, Agni, men have stablished as their guest of old, as Master of the household, thee, with hair of flame;
     High-bannered, multiform, distributor of wealth, kind helper, good protector, drier of the floods.
3. The tribes of men praise thee, Agni, who knowest well burnt offerings, the Discerner, lavishest of wealth,
     Dwelling in secret, Blest One! visible to all, loud-roaring, skilled in worship, glorified with oil.
4. Ever to thee, O Agni, as exceeding strong have we drawn nigh with songs and reverence singing hymns.
     So be thou pleased with us, Angiras! as a God enkindled by the noble with man’s goodly light.
5. Thou, Agni! multiform, God who art lauded much! givest in every house subsistence as of old.
     Thou rulest by thy might o’er food of many a sort: that light of thine when blazing may not be opposed.
6. The Gods, Most Youthful Agni, have made thee, inflamed, the bearer of oblations and the messenger.
     Thee, widely-reaching, homed in sacred oil, invoked, effulgent, have they made the Eye that stirs the thought.
7. Men seeking joy have lit thee worshipped from of old, O Agni, with good fuel and with sacred oil.
     So thou, bedewed and waxing mighty by the plants, spreadest thyself abroad over the realms of earth.

Mandala 5, Hymn 9.

1. BEARING; oblations mortal men, O Agni, worship thee the God.
     I deem thee Jatavedas: bear our offerings, thou, unceasingly.
2. In the man’s home who offers gifts, where grass is trimmed, Agni is Priest,
     To whom all sacrifices come and strengthenings that win renown.
3. Whom, as an infant newly-born, the kindling-sticks have brought to life,
     Sustainer of the tribes of men, skilled in well-ordered sacrifice.
4. Yea, very hard art thou to grasp, like offspring of the wriggling snakes,
     When thou consumest many woods like an ox, Agni, in the mead.
5. Whose flames, when thou art sending forth the smoke, completely reach the mark,
     When Trta in the height of heaven, like as a smelter fanneth thee, e’en as a smelter sharpeneth thee.
6. O Agni, by thy succour and by Mitra’s friendly furtherance,
     May we, averting hate, subbue the wickedness of mortal men.
7. O Agni, to our heroes bring such riches, thou victorious God.
     May he protect and nourish us, and help in aining strength: be thou near us in 6rht for our success.

Mandala 5, Hymn 10.

1. BRING us most mighty splendour thou, Agni, resistless on thy way.
     With overflowing store of wealth mark out for us a path to strength.
2. Ours art thou, wondrous Agni, bywisdom and bounteousness of power.
     The might of Asuras rests on thee, like Mitra worshipful in act.
3. Agni, increase our means of life, increase the house and home of these,
     The men, the princes who have won great riches through our hymns of praise.
4. Bright Agni, they who deck their songs for thee have horses as their meed.
     The men are mighty in their might, they whose high laud, as that of heaven, awakes thee of its own accord.
5. O Agni, those resplendent flames of thine go valorously forth,
     Like lightnings flashing round us, like a rattling car that seeks the spoil.
6. Now, Agni, come to succour us; let priests draw nigh to offer gifts;
     And let the patrons of our rites subdue all regions of the earth.
7. Bring to us, Agni, Angiras, lauded of old and lauded now,
     Invoker! wealth to quell the strong, that singers may extol thee. Be near us in fight for our success.

Mandala 5, Hymn 11.

1. THE watchful Guardian of the people hath been born, Agni, the very strong, for fresh prosperity.
     With oil upon his face, with high heaventouching flame, he shineth splendidly, pure, for the Bharatas.
2. Ensign of sacrifice, the earliest Household-Priest, the. men have kindled Agni in his threefold seat,
     With Indra and the Gods together on the grass let the wise Priest sit to complete the sacrifice.
3. Pure , unadorned, from thy two Mothers art thou born: thou camest fromVivasvan as a charming Sage.
     With oil they strengthened thee, O Agni, worshipped God: thy banner was the smoke that mounted to the sky.
4. May Agni graciously come to our sacrifice. The men bear Agni here and there in every house.
     He hath become an envoy, bearer of our gifts: electing Agni, men choose one exceeding wise.
5. For thee, O Agni, is this sweetest prayer of mine: dear to thy spirit be this product of my thought.
     As great streams fill the river so our song of praise fill thee, and make thee yet more mighty in thy strength.
6. O Agni, the Angirases discovered thee what time thou layest hidden, fleeing back from wood to wood.
     Thou by attrition art produced as conquer.ing might, and men, O Angiras, call thee the Son of Strength.

Mandala 5, Hymn 12.

I. To Agni, lofty Asura, meet for worship, Steer of eternal Law, my prayer I offer;
     I bring my song directed to the Mighty like pure oil for his mouth at sacrifices.
2. Mark the Law, thou who knowest, yea, observe it: send forth the full streams of eternal Order.
     I use no sorcery with might or falsehood the sacred Law of the Red Steer I follow.
3. How hast thou, follower of the Law eternal, become the knower of a new song, Agni?
     The God, the Guardian of the seasons, knows me: the Lord of him who won this wealth I know not.
4. Who, Agni, in alliance with thy foeman, what splendid helpers won for them their riches?
     Agni, who guard the dwelling-place of falsehood? Who are protectors of the speech of liars?
5. Agni, those friends of thine have turned them from thee: gracious of old, they have become ungracious.
     They have deceived themselves by their own speeches, uttering wicked words against the righteous.
6. He who pays sacrifice to thee with homage, O Agni, keeps the Red Steer’s Law eternal;
     Wide is his dwelling. May the noble offipring of Nahusa who wandered forth come hither.

Mandala 5, Hymn 13.

1. WITH songs of praise we call on thee, we kindle thee with songs of praise,
     Agni, -with songs of praise, for help.
2. Eager for wealth, we meditate Agni’s effectual praise to-day,
     Praise of the God who touches heaven.
3. May Agni, Priest among mankind, take pleasure in our songs of praise,
     And worship the Celestial Folk.
4. Thou, Agni, art spread widely forth, Priest dear and excellent; through thee
     Men make the sacrifice complete.
5. Singers exalt thee, Agni, well lauded, best giver of our strength:
     So grant thou us heroic might.
6. Thou Agni, as the felly rings the spokes, encompassest the Gods.
1. yearn for bounty manifold.

Mandala 5, Hymn 14.

1. ENKINDLING the Immortal, wake Agni with song of praise: may he bear our oblations to the Gods.
2. At high solemnities mortal men glorify him the Immortal, best
     At sacrifice among mankind.
3. That he may bear their gifts to heaven, all glorify him Agni, God,
     With ladle that distilleth oil.
4. Agni shone bright when born, with light killing the Dasyus and the dark:
     He found the Kine, the Floods, the Sun.
5. Serve Agni, God adorable, the Sage whose back is balmed with oil:
     Let him approach, and hear my call.
6. They have exalted Agni, God of all mankind, with oil and hymns
     Of praise, devout and eloquent.

Mandala 5, Hymn 15.

1. To him, the far-renowned, the wise Ordainer, ancient and glorious, a song I offer.
     Enthroned in oil, the Asura, bliss-giver, is Agni, firm support of noble, riches.
2. By holy Law they kept supporting Order, by help of sacrifice, in loftiest heaven,-
     They who attained with born men to the unborn, men seated on that stay, heaven’s firm sustainer.
3. Averting woe, they labour hard to bring him, the ancient, plenteous food as power resistless.
     May he, born newly, conquer his assailants: round him they stand as round an angry lion.
4. When, like a mother, spreading forth to nourish, to cherish and regard each man that liveth,-
     Consuming all the strength that thou hast gotten, thou wanderest round, thyself,
     in varied fashion.
5. May strength preserve the compass of thy vigour, God! that broad stream of thine that beareth riches.
     Thou, like a thief who keeps his refuge secret, hast holpen Atri to great wealth, by teaching.

Mandala 5, Hymn 16.

1. GREAT power is in the beam of light, sing praise to, Agni, to the God
     Whom men have set in foremost place like Mitra with their eulogies.
2. He by the splendour of his arms is Priest of every able man.
     Agni conveys oblation straight, and deals, as Bhaga deals, his boons.
3. All rests upon the laud and love of him the rich, high-flaming God,
     On whom, loud-roaring, men have laid great strength as on a faithful friend.
4. So, Agni, be the Friend of these with liberal gift of hero strength.
     Yea, Heaven and Earth have not surpassed this Youthful One in glorious fame.
5. O Agni, quickly come to us, and, glorified, bring precious wealth.
     So we and these our princes will assemble for the good of all. Be near in fight to prosper us.

Mandala 5, Hymn 17.

1. GOD, may a mortal call the Strong hither, with solemn rites, to aid,
     A man call Agni to protect when sacrifice is well prepared.
2. Near him thou seemest mightier still in native glory, set to hold
     Apart yon flame-hued vault of heaven, lovely beyond the thought of man.
3. Yea, this is by the light of him whom powerful siong hath bound to act,
     Whose bearns of splendour flash on high as though they sprang from heavenly seed.
4. Wealth loads the Wonder-Worker’s car through his, the very wise One’s power.
     Then, meet to be invoked among all tribes, is Agni ghorified.
5. Now, too, the princes shall obtain excellent riches by our lips.
     Protect us for our welfare: lend thy succour, O thou Son of Strength. Be near in fight to prosper us.

Mandala 5, Hymn 18.

1. AT dawn let: Agni, much-beloved guest of the house, be glorified;
     Immortal who delights in all oblations brought by mortal men.
2. For Dvita who receives through wealth of native strength maimed offerings,
     Thy praiser even gains at once the Soma-drops, Immortal Gods!
3. Nobles, with song I call that car of yours that shines with lengthened life,
     For, God who givest steeds! that car hither and thither goes unharmed.
4. They who have varied ways of thought, who guard, the lauds within their lips,
     And strew the grass before the light, have decked themselves with high renown.
5. Immortal Agni, give the chiefs, heroes who institute the rite,
     Heroes’ illustrious, lofty fame, who at the synod met for praise presented me with fifty steeds.

Mandala 5, Hymn 19.

1. ONE state begets another state: husk is made visible from husk:
     Within his Mother’s side he speaks.
2. Discerning, have they offered gifts: they guard the strength that never wastes.
     To a strong fort have they pressed in.
3. Svaitreya’s people, all his men, have gloriously increased in might.
     A gold chain Brhaduktha wears, as, through this Soma, seeking spoil.
4. I bring, as ‘twere, the longed-for milk, the dear milk of the Sister-Pair.
     Like to a caldron filled with food is he, unconquered, conquering all.
5. Beam of light, come to us in sportive fashion, finding thyself close to the wind that fans thee.
     These flames of his are wasting flames, like arrows keen-pointed, sharpened, on his breast.

Mandala 5, Hymn 20.

1. AGNI, best winner of the spoil, cause us to praise before the Gods
     As our associate meet for lauds, wealth which thou verily deemest wealth.
2. Agni, the great who ward not off the anger of thy power and might
     Stir up the wrath and hatred due to one who holds an alien creed.
3. Thee, Agni, would we choose as Priest, the perfecter of strength and skill;
     We who bring sacred food invoke with song thee Chief at holy rites.
4. Here as is needful for thine aid we toil, O Conqueror, day by day,
     For wealth, for Law. May we rejoice, Most Wise One! at the feast, with kine, rejoice, with heroes, at the feast.

Mandala 5, Hymn 21.

1. WE stablish thee as Manus used, as Manus used we kindle thee.
     Like Manus, for the pious man , Angiras, Agni, worship Gods.
2. For well, O Agni, art thou pleased when thou art kindled mid mankind.
     Straight go the ladles unto thee, thou highborn God whose food is oil.
3. Thee have all Gods of one accord established as their messenger.
     Serving at sacrifices men adore thee as a God, O Sage.
4. Let mortal man adore your God, Agni, with worship due to Gods.
     Shine forth enkindled, Radiant One. Sit in the chamber of the Law, sit in the chamber of the food.

Mandala 5, Hymn 22.

1. LIKE Atri, Visvasaman! sing to him of purifying light,
     Who must be praised in holy rites, the Priest most welcome in the house.
2. Set Jatavedas in his place, Agni the God and Minister.
     Let sacrifice proceed to-day duly, comprising all the Gods.
3. All mortals come to thee for aid, the God of most observant mind.
     Of thine excelling favour we bethink us as we long for it.
4. Mark with attention this our speech, O Agni, thou victorious One.
     Thee, Strong-jawed! as the homestead’s Lord, the Atris with their lauds exalt, the Atris beautify with songs.

Mandala 5, Hymn 23.

1. By thy fair splendour’s mighty power, O Agni, bring victorious wealth,
     Wealth that o’ercometh all mankind, and, near us, conquereth in fight.
2. Victorious Agni, bring to us the wealth that vanquisheth in war;
     For thou art wonderful and true, giver of strength in herds of kine.
3. For all the folk with one accord, whose sacred grass is trimmed and strewn,
     Invite thee to their worship-halls, as a dear Priest, for choicest wealth.
4. For he, the God of all men, hath gotten him might that quelleth foes.
     O Agni, in these homes shine forth, bright God! for our prosperity, shine, Purifier! splendidly.

Mandala 5, Hymn 24.

1. O AGNI, be our nearest Friend, be thou a kind deliverer and a gracious Friend.
2. Excellent Agni, come thou nigh to us, and give us wealth most splendidly renowned.
3. So hear us, listen to this call of ours, and keep us far from every sinful man.
4. To thee then, O Most Bright, O Radiant God, we come with prayer for happiness for our friends.

Mandala 5, Hymn 25.

1. I WILL sing near, for grace, your God Agni, for he is good to us.
     Son of the Brands, may he give gifts, and, righteous, save us from the foe.
2. For be is true, whpm men of old enkindled, and the Gods themselves,
     The Priest with the delicious tongue, rich with the light of glorious beams.
3. With wisdom that surpasseth all, with gracious will most excellent,
     O Agni, worthy of our choice, shine wealth on us through hymns of praise.
4. Agni is King, for he extends to mortals and to Gods alike.
     Agni is bearer of our gifts. Worship ye Agni with your thoughts.
5. Agni gives to the worshipper a son, the best, of mightiest fame,
     Of deep devotion, ne’er subdued, bringer of glory to his sire.
6. Agni bestows the hero-lord who conquers with the men in fight.
     Agni bestows the fleet-foot steed, the victor never overcome.
7. The mightiest song is Agni’s: shine on high, thou who art rich in light.
     Like the Chief Consort of a King, riches and strength proceed -from thee.
8. Resplendent are thy rays of light: loud is thy voice like pressing-stones.
     Yea, of itself thy thunder goes forth like the roaring of the heaven.
9. Thus, seeking riches, have we paid homage to Agni Conqueror.
     May he, most wise, as with a ship, carry us over all our foes.

Mandala 5, Hymn 26.

1. O AGNI, Holy and Divine, with splendour and thy pleasant tongue
     Bring hither and adore the Gods.
2. We pray thee, thou who droppest oil, bright-rayed! who lookest on the Sun,
     Bring the Gods hither to the feast.
3. We have enkindled thee, O Sage, bright caller of the Gods to feast.
     O Agni, great in Sacrifice.
4. O Agni, come with all the Gods, come to our sacrificial gift:
     We choose thee as Invoking Priest.
5. Bring, Agni, to the worshipper who pours the juice, heroic strength:
     Sit with the Gods upon the grass.
6. Victor of thousands, Agni, thou, enkindled, cherishest the laws,
     Laud-worthy, envoy of the Gods.
7. Set Agni Jatavedas down, the bearer of our sacred gifts,
     MostYouthful, God and Minister.
8. Duly proceed our sacrifice, comprising all the Gods, to-day:
     Strew holy grass to be their seat.
9. So may the Maruts sit thereon, the Asvins, Mitra, Varuna:
     The Gods with all their company.

Mandala 5, Hymn 27.

1. THE Godlike hero, famousest of nobles, hath granted me two oxen with a wagon.
     Trvrsan’s son Tryaruna hath distinguished himself, Vaisvanara Agni! with ten thousands.
2. Protect Tryaruna, as thou art waxing strong and art highly praised, Vaisvanara Agni!
     Who granteth me a hundred kine and twenty, and two bay horses, good at draught, and harnessed.
3. So Trasadasyu served thee, God Most Youthful, craving thy favour for the ninth time, Agni;
     Tryaruya who with attentive spirit accepteth many a song from me the mighty.
4. He who declares his wish to me, to Asvamedha, to the Prince,
     Pays him who with his verse seeks gain, gives power to him who keeps the Law.
5. From whom a hundred oxen, all of speckled hue, delight my heart,
     The gifts of Asvamedha, like thrice-mingled draughts of Soma juice.
6. To Asvamedha who bestows a hundred gifts grant hero power,
     O Indra-Agni! lofty rule like the unwasting Sun in heaven.

Mandala 5, Hymn 28.

1. AGNI inflamed hath sent to heaven his lustre: he shines forth widely turning unto Morning.
     Eastward the ladle goes that brings all blessing, praising the Godswith homage and oblation.
2. Enkindled, thou art King of the immortal world: him who brings offerings thou attendest for his weal.
     He whom thou urgest on makes all possessions his: he sets before thee, Agni, gifts that guests may claim.
3. Show thyself strong for mighty bliss, O Agni, most excellent be thine effulgent splendours.
     Make easy to maintain our household lordship, and overcome the might of those who hate us.
4. Thy glory, Agni, I adore, kindled, exalted in thy strength.
     A Steer of brilliant splendour, thou art lighted well at sacred rites.
5. Agni, invoked and kindled, serve the Gods, thou skilled in sacrifice:
     For thou art bearer of our gifts.
6. Invoke and worship Agni while the sacrificial rite proceeds:
     For offering-bearer choose ye him.

Mandala 5, Hymn 29.

1. MAN’S worship of the Gods hath three great lustres, and three celestial lights have they established
     The Maruts gifted with pure strength adore thee, for thou, O Indra, art their sapient Rsi.
2. What time the Maruts sang their song to Indra, joyous when he had drunk of Soma juices,
     He grasped his thunderbolt to slay the Dragon, and loosed, that they might flow, the youthful Waters.
3. And, O ye Brahmans, Maruts, so may Indra drink draughts of this my carefully pressed Sorna;
     For this oblation found for man the cattle, and Indra, having quaffed it, slew the Dragon.
4. Then heaven and earth he sundered and supported: wrapped even in these he struck the Beast with terror.
     So Indra forced the Engulfer to disgorgement, and slew the Danava. panting against him.
5. Thus all the Gods, O Maghavan, delivered to thee of their free will the draught of Soma;
     When thou for Etasa didst cause to tarry the flying mares of Surya racing forward.
6. When Maghavan with the thunderbolt demolished his nine-and-ninety castles all together,
     The Maruts, where they met, glorified Indra: ye with the Trstup hymn obstructed heaven.
7. As friend to aid a friend, Agni dressed quickly three hundred buffaloes, even as he willed it.
     And Indra, from man’s gift, for Vrtra’s slaughter, drank ofr at once three lakes of pressed-out Soma.
8. When thou three hundred buffaloes’ flesh hadst eaten, and drunk, as Maghavan, three lakes of Soma,
     All the Gods raised as ‘twere a shout of triumph to Indra praise because he slew the Dragon.
9. What time ye came with strong steeds swiftly speeding, O Usana and Indra, to the dwelling,
     Thou camest thither -conquering together with Kutsa and the Gods: thou slewest Susna.
10. One car-wheel of the Sun thou rolledst forward, and one thou settest free to move for Kutsa.
     Thou slewest noseless Dasyus with thy weapon, and in their home o’erthrewest hostile speakers.
11. The lauds of Gauriviti made thee mighty to Vidathin’s son, as prey, thou gavest Pipru.
     Rjisivan drew thee into friendship dressing the sacred food, and thou hast drunk his Soma.
12. Navagvas and Dasgvas with libations of Soma juice sing hymns of praise to Indra.
     Labouring at their task the men laid open the stall of Kine though firmly closed and fastened.
13. How shall I serve thee, Maghavan, though knowing full well what hero deeds thou hast accomplished?
     And the fresh deeds which thou wilt do, Most Mighty! these, too, will we tell forth in sacred synods.
14. Resistless from of old through hero courage, thou hast done all these many acts, O Indra.
     What thou wilt do in bravery, Thunder-wielder! none is there who may hinder this thy prowess.
15. Indra, accept the prayers which now are offered, accept the new prayers, Mightiest! which we utter.
     Like fair and well-made robes, I, seeking riches, as a deft craftsman makes a car, have wrought them.

Mandala 5, Hymn 30.

1. WHERE is that Hero? Who hath looked on Indra borne on light-rolling car by Tawny Coursers,
     Who, Thunderer, seeks with wealth the Soma-presser, and to his house goes, much-invoked, to aid him?
2. I have beheld his strong and secret dwelling, longing have sought the Founder’s habitation.
     I asked of others, and they said in answer, May we, awakened men, attain to Indra.
3. We will tell, Indra, when we pour libation, what mighty deeds thou hast performed to please us.
     Let him who knows not learn, who knows them listen: hither rides Maghavan with all his army.
4. Indra, when born, thou madest firm thy spirit: alone thou seekest war to fight with many.
     With might thou clavest e’en the rock asunder, and foundest out the stable of the Milch-kine.
5. When thou wast born supremest at a distance, bearing a name renowned in far-off regions,
     Since then e’en Gods have been afraid of Indra: he conquered all the floods which served the Dasa.
6. These blissful Maruts sing their psalm to praise thee, and pour to thee libation of the Soma.
     Indra with wondrous powers subdued the Dragon, the guileful lurker who beset the waters.
7. Thou, Maghavan, from the first didst scatter foemen, speeding, while joying in the milk, the Giver.
     There, seeking man’s prosperity, thou torest away the head of Namuci the Dasa.
8. Pounding the head of Namuci the Dasa, me, too thou madest thine associate, Indra!
     Yea, and the rolling stone that is in heaven both worlds, as on a car, brought to the Maruts.
9. Women for weapons hath the Dasa taken, What injury can his feeble armies To me?
     Well he distinguished his two different voices, and Indra then advanced to fight the Dasyu.
10. Divided from their calves the Cows went lowing around, on every side, hither and thither.
     These Indra re-united with his helpers, what time the well-pressed Soma made him joyful.
11. What time the Somas mixed by Babhru cheered him, loud the Steer bellowed in his habitations.
     So Indra drank thereof, the Fort-destroyer, and gave him guerdon, in return, of milch-kine.
12. This good deed have the Rusamas done, Agni! that they have granted me four thousand cattle.
     We have received Rnancaya’s wealth, of heroes the most heroic, which was freely offered.
13. The Rusamas, O Agni, sent me homeward with fair adornment and with kine in thousands.
     The strong libations have made Indra joyful, when night, whose course was ending, changed to morning.
14. Night, well-nigh ended, at Rnancaya’s coming, King of the Rusamas, was changed to morning.
     Like a strong courser, fleet of foot, urged onward, Babhru hath gained four thousand as his guerdon.
15. We have received four thousand head of cattle presented by the Rusamas, O Agni.
     And we, the singers, have received the caldron of metal which was heated for Pravargya.

Mandala 5, Hymn 31.

1. MAGHAVAN Indra turns his chariot downward, the strength-displaying car which he hath mounted.
     Even as a herdsman driveth forth his cattle, he goeth, first, uninjured, fain for treasure.
2. Haste to us, Lord of Bays; be not ungracious: visit us, lover of gold-hued oblation.
     There is naught else better than thou art, Indra: e’en to the wifeless hast thou given spouses.
3. When out of strength arose the strength that conquers, Indra displayed all powers that he possesses.
     Forth from the cave he drove the milky mothers, and with the light laid bare investing darkness.
4. Anus have wrought a chariot for thy Courser, and Tvastar, Much-invoked! thy bolt that glitters.
     The Brahmans with their songs exalting Indra increased his strength that he might slaughter Ahi.
5. When heroes sang their laud to thee the Hero, Indra! and stones and Aditi accordant,
     Without or steed or chariot were the fellies which, sped by Indra, rolled upon the Dasytis.
6. I will declare thine exploits wrought aforetime, and, Maghavan, thy deeds of late achievement,
     When, Lord of Might, thou sunderedst earth and heaven, winning for man the moistly-gleaming waters.
7. This is thy deed, e’en this, Wonderful! Singer! that, slaying Ahi, here thy strength thou showedst,
     Didst check and stay e’en gusna’s wiles and magic, and, drawing nigh, didst chase away the Dasytis.
8. Thou, Indra, on the farther bank forYadu and Turvaga didst stay the gushing waters.
     Ye both assailed the fierce: thou barest Kutsa: when Gods and Usana came to you together.
9. Let the steeds bring you both, Indra and Kutsa, borne on the chariot within hearing-distance.
     Ye blew him from the waters, from his dwelling, and chased the darkness from the noble’s spirit.
10. Even this sage hath come looking for succour even to Vata’s docile harnessed horses.
     Here are the Maruts, all, thy dear companions: prayers have increased thy power and might, O Indra.
11. When night was near its close he carried forward e’en the Sun’s chariot backward in its running.
     Etaga brought his wheel and firmly stays it: setting it eastward he shall give us courage.
12. This Indra, O ye men, hath come to see you, seeking a friend who hath expressed the Soma.
     The creaking stone is laid upon the altar, and the Adhvaryus come to turn it quickly.
13. Let mortals who were happy still be happy; let them not come to sorrow, O Immortal.
     Love thou the pious, and to these thy people-with whom may we be numbered-give thou vigour.

Mandala 5, Hymn 32.

1.THE well thou clavest, settest free the fountains, and gavest rest to floods that were obstructed.
     Thou, Indra, laying the great mountain open, slaying the Danava, didst loose the torrents.
2. The fountain-depths obstructed in their seasons, thou, Thunderer! madest flow, the mountain’s udder.
     Strong Indra, thou by slaying e’en the Dragon that lay extended there hast shown thy vigour.
3. Indra with violence smote down the weapon,
     yea, even of that wild and mighty creature.
     Although he deemed himself alone unequalled, another had been born e’en yet more potent.
4. Him, whom the heavenly food of these delighted, child of the mist, strong waxing, couched in darkness,
     Him the bolt-hurling Thunderer with his lightning smote down and slew, the Danava’s wrath-fire, Susna.
5. Though he might ne’er be wounded still his vitals felt that, the God’s bolt, which his powers supported,
     When, after offered draughts, Strong Lord, thou laidest him, fain to battle, in the pit in darkness.
6. Him as he lay there huge in length extended, still waxing in the gloom which no sun lightened,
     Him, after loud-voiced threats, the Hero Indra, rejoicing in the poured libation, slaughtered.
7. When ‘gainst the mighty Danava his weapon Indra uplifted, power which none could combat,
     When at the hurling of his bolt he smote him, he made him lower than all living creatures.
8. The fierce God seized that huge and restless coiler, insatiate, drinker of the sweets, recumbent,
     And with his mighty weapon in his dwelling smote down the footless evil-speaking ogre.
9. Who may arrest his strength or cheek his vigour? Alone, resistless, he bears off all riches.
     Even these Twain, these Goddesses, through terror of Indra’s might, retire from his dominion.
10. E’en the Celestial Axe bows down before him, and the Earth, lover-like, gives way to Indra.
     As he imparts all vigour to these people, straightway the folk bend them to him the Godlike.
11. I hear that thou wast born sole Lord of heroes of the Five Races, famed among the people.
     As such my wishes have most lately grasped him, invoking Indra both at eve and morning.
12. So, too, I hear of thee as in due season urging to action and enriching singers.
     What have thy friends received from thee, the Brahmans who, faithful, rest their hopes on thee, O Indra?

Mandala 5, Hymn 33.

1. GREAT praise to Indra, great and strong mid heroes, I ponder thus, the feeble to the Mighty,
     Who with his band shows favour to this people, when lauded, in the fight where spoil is gathered.
2. So made attentive by our hymns, Steer! Indra! thou fastenedst the girth of thy Bay Coursers,
     Which, Maghavan, at thy will thou drivest hither. With these subdue for us the men who hate us.
3. They were not turned to us-wtrd, lofty Indra! while yet through lack of prayer they stood unharnessed.
     Ascend this chariot, thou whose hand wields thunder, and draw the rein, O Lord of noble horses.
4. Thou, because many lauds are thine, O Indra, wast active warring in the fields
     for cattle.
     For Surya in his own abode thou, Hero, formedst in fights even a Dasa’s nature.
5. Thine are we, Indra; thine are all these people, conscious of might, whose cars are set in motion.
     Some hero come to us, O Strong as Ahi beauteous in war, to be invoked like Bhaga.
6. Strength much to be desired is in thee, Indra: the Immortal dances forth his hero exploits.
     Such, Lord of Treasure, give us splendid riches. I praise the Friend’s gift, his whose wealth is mighty.
7. Thus favour us, O Indra, with ihy succour; Hero, protect the bards who sing thy praises.
     Be friendly in the fray to those who offer the skin of beautiful and well-pressed Soma.
8. And these ten steeds which Trasadasyu gives me, the goldrich chief, the son of Purukutsa,
     Resplendent in their brightness shall convey me. Gairiksita willed it and so came I hither.
9. And these, bestowed as sacrificial guerdon, the powerful tawny steeds of Marutasva;
     And thousands which kind Cyavatana gave me, abundantly bestowed for my adornment.
10. And these commended horses, bright and active, by Dhvanya son of Laksmana presented,
     Came unto me, as cows into the Rsi Samvarana’s stall, with magnitude of riches.

Mandala 5, Hymn 34.

1. BOUNDLESS and wasting not, the heavenly food of Gods goes to the foeless One, doer of wondrous deeds.
     Press out, make ready, offer gifts with special zeal to him whom many laud, accepter of the prayer.
2. He who filled full his belly with the Soma’s juice, Maghavan, was delighted with the meath’s sweet draught,
     When Usana, that he might slay the monstrous beast, gave him the mighty weapon with a thousand points.
3. Illustrious is the man whoever presseth out Soma for him in sunshine or in cloud and rain.
     The mighty Maghavan who is the sage’s Friend advanceth more and more his beauteous progeny.
4. The Strong God doth not flee away from him whose sire, whose mother or whose brother he hath done to death.
     He, the Avenger, seeketh this man’s offered gifts: this God, the source of riches, doth not flee from sin.
5. He seeks no enterprise with five or ten to aid, nor stays with him who pours no juice though prospering well.
     The Shaker conquers or slays in this way or that, and to the pious gives a stable full of kine.
6. Exceeding strong in war he stays the chariot wheel, and, hating him who pours not, prospers him who pours.
     Indra the terrible, tamer of every man, as Arya leads away the Dasa at his will.
7. He gathers up for plunder all the niggardÃƒÂ¢Ã‚â‚¬Ã‚â„¢s gear: excellent wealth he gives to him who offers gifts.
     Not even in wide stronghold may all the folk stand firm who have provoked to anger his surpassing might.
8. When Indra Maghavan hath marked two wealthy men fighting for beauteous cows with all their followers,
     He who stirs all things takes one as his close ally, and, Shaker, with his Heroes, sends the kine to him.
9. Agni! I laud the liberal Agnivesi, Satri the type and standard of the pious.
     May the collected waters yield him plenty, and his be powerful and bright dominion.

Mandala 5, Hymn 35.

1. INDRA, for our assistance bring that most effectual power of thine,
     Which conquers men for us, and wins the spoil, invincible in fight.
2. Indra, whatever aids be thine, four be they, or, O Hero, three,
     Or those of the Five Tribes of men, bring quickly all that help to us.
3. The aid most excellent of thee the Mightiest hitherward we call,
     For thou wast born with hero might, conquering, Indra, with the Strong.
4. Mighty to prosper us wast thou born, and mighty is the strength thou hast.
     In native power thy soul is firm: thy valour, Indra, slays a host.
5. O Satakratu, Lord of Strength, O Indra, Caster of the Stone.
     With all thy chariot’s force assail the man who shows himself thy foe.
6. For, Mightiest Vrtra-slayer, thee, fierce, foremost among many, folk
     Whose sacred grass is trimmed invite to battle where the spoil is won.
7. Indra, do thou protect our car that mingles foremost in the fights,
     That bears its part in every fray, invincible and seeking spoil.
8. Come to us, Indra, and protect our car with thine intelligence.
     May we, O Mightiest One, obtain excellent fame at break of day, and meditate our hymn at dawn.

Mandala 5, Hymn 36.

1. MAY Indra come to us, he who knows rightly to give forth treasures from his store of riches.
     Even as a thirsty steer who roams the deserts may he drink eagerly the milked-out Soma.
2. Lord of Bay Horses, Hero, may the Soma rise to thy cheeks and jaws like mountain-ridges.
     May we, O King, as he who driveth coursers, all joy in thee with hymns, invoked of many!
3. Invoked of many, Caster of the Stone my heart quakes like a rolling wheel for fear of penury.
     Shall not Puruvasu the singer give thee praise, O ever-prospering Maghavan, mounted on thy car?
4. Like the press-stone is this thy praiser, Indra. Loudly he lifts his voice with strong endeavour.
     With thy left hand, O Maghavan, give us riches: with thy right, Lord of Bays, be not reluctant.
5. May the strong Heaven make thee the Strong wax stronger: Strong, thou art borne by thy two strong Bay Horses.
     So, fair of cheek, with mighty chariot, mighty, uphold us, strong-willed, thunderarmed, in battle.
6. Maruts, let all the people in obeisance bow down before this youthful Srutaratha,
     Who, rich in steeds, gave me two dark red horses together with three hundred head of cattle.

Mandala 5, Hymn 37.

1. BEDEWED with holy oil and meetly worshipped, the Swift One vies with Surya’s beam in splendour.
     For him may mornings dawn without cessation who saith, Let us press Soma out for Indra.
2. With kindled fire and strewn grass let him worship, and, Soma-presser, sing with stones adjusted:
     And let the priest whose press-stones ring forth loudly, go down with his oblation to the river.
3. This wife is coming near who loves her husband who carries to his home a vigorous consort.
     Here may his car seek fame, here loudly thunder, and his wheel make a thousand revolutions.
4. No troubles vex that King in whose home Indra drinks the sharp Soma juice with milk commingled.
     With heroes he drives near, he slays the foeman: Blest, cherishing that name, he guards his people.
5. May he support in peace and win in battle: he masters both the hosts that meet together.
     Dear shall he be to Surya, dear to Agni, who with pressed Soma offers gifts to India.

Mandala 5, Hymn 38.

1. WIDE, Indra Satakratu, spreads the bounty of thine ample grace:
     So, Lord of fair dominion, Friend of all men, give us splendid wealth.
2. The food which, Mightiest Indra, thou possessest worthy of renown
     Is bruited as most widely famed, invincible, O Golden-hued!
3. O Darter of the Stone, the powers which readily obey thy will,-
     Divinities, both thou and they, ye rule, to guard them, earth and heaven.
4. And from whatever power of thine, O Vrtra-slayer, it may be,
     Bring thou to us heroic strength: thou hast a man’s regard for us.
5. In thy protection, with these aids of thine, O Lord of Hundred Powers,
     Indra, may we be guarded well, Hero, may we be guarded well.

Mandala 5, Hymn 39.

1. STONE-DARTING Indra. Wondrous One, what wealth is richly given from thee,
     That bounty, Treasure-Finder! bring filling both thy hands, to us.
2. Bring what thou deemest worth the wish, O Indra, that which is in heaven.
     So may we know thee as thou art, boundless in thy munificence.
3. Thy lofty spirit, far-renowned as fain to give and prompt to win,-
     With this thou rendest e’en the firm, Stone-Darter! so to gain thee strength.
4. Singers with many songs have made Indra propitious to their fame,
     Him who is King of human kind, most liberal of your wealthy ones.
5. To him, to Indra must be sung the poet’s word, the hymn of praise.
     To him, accepter of the prayer, the Atris raise their songs on high, the Atris beautify their songs.

Mandala 5, Hymn 40.

1. COME thou to what the stones have pressed, drink Soma, O thou Soma’s Lord,
     Indra best Vrtra-slayer Strong One, with the Strong.
2. Strong is the stone, the draught is strong, strong is this Soma that is pressed,
     Indra, best Vrtra-slayer, Strong One with the Strong.
3. As strong I call on thee the Strong, O Thunder-armed, with various aids,
     Indra, best Vrtra-slayer, Strong One with the Strong.
4. Impetuous, Thunderer, Strong, quelling the mighty, King, potent, Vrtra-slayer, Soma-drinker,
     May he come hither with his yoked Bay Horses; may Indra gladden him at the noon libation.
5. O Surya, when the Asura’s descendant Svarbhanu, pierced thee through and through with darkness,
     All creatures looked like one who is bewildered, who knoweth not the place where he is standing.
6. What time thou smotest down Svarbhanu’s magic that spread itself beneath the sky, O Indra,
     By his fourth sacred prayer Atri disoovered Surya concealed in gloom that stayed his function.
7. Let not the oppressor with this dread, through anger swallow me up, for I am thine, O Atri.
     Mitra art thou, the sender of true blessings: thou and King Varuna be both my helpers.
8. The Brahman Atri, as he set the press-stones, serving the Gods with praise and adoration,
     Established in the heaven the eye of Surya, and caused Svarbhanu’s magic arts to vanish.
9. The Atris found the Sun again, him whom Svarbhanu of the brood
     Of Asuras had pierced with gloom. This none besides had power to do.

Mandala 5, Hymn 41.

1. WHO, Mitra-Varuna, is your pious servant to give you gifts from earth or mighty heaven?
     Preserve us in the seat of holy Order, and give the offerer power that winneth cattle.
2. May Mitra, Varuna, Aryaman, and Ayu, Indra Rbhuksan, and the Maruts, love us,
     And they who of one mind with bounteous Rudra accept the hymn and laud with adorations.
3. You will I call to feed the car-horse, Asvins, with the wind’s flight swiftest of those who travel:
     Or also to the Asura of heaven, Worshipful, bring a hymn as ‘twere libation.
4. The heavenly Victor, he whose priest is Kanva, Trta with Dyaus accordant, Vata, Agni,
     All-feeding Pusan, Bhaga sought the oblation, as they whose steeds are fleetest seek the contest.
5. Bring ye your riches forward borne on horses: let thought be framed for help and gain of treasure.
     Blest he the priest of Ausija through courses, the courses which are yours the fleet, O Maruts.
6. Bring hither him who yokes the car, your Vayu, who praises with his songs, the God and Singer;
     And, praying and devout, noble and prudent, may the Gods’ Spouses in their thoughts retain us.
7. I speed to you with powers that should be honoured, with songs distinguishing Heaven’s mighty Daughters,
     Morning and Night, the Two, as ‘twere all-knowing: these bring the sacrifice unto the mortal.
8. You I extol, the nourishers of heroes bringing you gifts, Vastospati and Tvastar-
     Rich Dhisana accords through our obeisance – andTrees and Plants, for the swift gain of riches.
9. Ours be the Parvatas, even they, for offspring, free-moving, who are Heroes like the Vasus.
     May holy Aptya, Friend of man, exalted, strengthen our word for ever and be near us.
10. Trta praised him, germ of the earthly hero, with pure songs him the Offspring of the Waters.
     Agn; with might neighs loudly like a charger: he of the flaming hair destroys the forests.
11. How shall we speak to the great might of Rudra? How speak to Bhaga who takes thought for riches?
     May Plants, the Waters, and the Sky preserve us, and Woods and Mountains with their trees for tresses.
12. May the swift Wanderer, Lord of refreshments listen to our songs, who speeds throuih cloudy heaven:
     And may the Waters, bright like castles, hear us, as they flow onward from the cloven mountain.
13. We know your ways, ye Mighty Ones receiving choice meed, ye Wonderful, we will proclaim it.
     Even strong birds descend not to the mortal who strives to reach them with swift blow and weapons.
14. Celestial and terrestrial generations, and Waters will I summon to the feasting.
     May days with bright dawns cause my songs to prosper, and may the conquered streams increase their waters.
15. Duly to each one hath my laud been offered. Strong be Varutri with her powers to succour.
     May the great Mother Rasa here befriend us, straight-handed, with the princes, striving forward.
16. How may we serve the Liberal Ones with worship, the Maruts swift of course in invocation, the Maruts far-renowned in invocation?
     Let not the Dragon of the Deep annoy us, and gladly may he welcome our addresses.
17. Thus thinking, O ye Gods, the mortal wins you to give him increase of his herds of cattle: the mortal wins him, O ye Gods, your favour.
     Here he wins wholesome food to feed this body: as for mine old age, Nirrti consume it
18. O Gods, may we obtain from you this favour, strengthening food through the Cow’s praise, ye Vasus.
     May she who gives good gifts, the gracious Goddes. s, come speeding nigh to us for our well-being.
19. May Ila, Mother of the herds of cattle, and Urvasi with all the streams accept us;
     May Urvasi in lofty heaven accepting, as she partakes the oblation of the living,
20. Visit us while she shares Urjavya’s food.

Mandala 5, Hymn 42.

1. Now may our sweetest song with deep devotion reach Varuna, Mitra, Aditi, and Bhaga.
     May the Five Priests’ Lord, dwelling in oblations, bliss-giving Asura, hear, whose paths are open.
2. May Aditi welcome, even as a mother her dear heart-gladdening son, my song that lauds her.
     The prayer they love, bliss-giving, God-appointed, I offer unto Varuna and Mitra.
3. In spirit him, the Sagest of the Sages; with sacrificial oil and meath bedew him 
     So then let him, God Savitar, provide us excellent, ready, and resplendent treasures.
4. With willing mind, Indra, vouchsafe us cattle, prosperity, Lord of Bays! and pious patrons;
     And, with the sacred prayer by Gods appointed, give us the holy Deities’ lovingkindness.
5. God Bhaga, Savitar who deals forth riches, Indra, and they who conquer Vrtra’s treasures,
     And Vaja and Rbhuksan and Purandhi, the Mighty and Immortal Ones, protect us!
6. Let us declare his deeds, the undecaying unrivalled Victor whom the Maruts follow.
     None of old times, O Maghavan, nor later, none of these days hath reached thy hero prowess.
7. Praise him the Chief who gives the boon of riches, Brhaspati distributor of treasures,
     Who, blessing most the man who sings and praises, comes with abundant wealth to his invoker.
8. Tended, Brhaspati, with thy protections, the princes are unharmed and girt by heroes.
     Wealth that brings bliss is found among the givers of horses and of cattle and of raiment.
9. Make their wealth flee who, through our hymns enjoying their riches, yield us not an ample guerdon.
     Far from the sun keep those who hate devotion, the godless, prospering in their vocation.
10. With wheelless chariots drive down him, O Maruts, who at the feasts of Gods regards the demons.
     May he, though bathed in sweat, form empty wishes, who blames his sacred rite who toils to serve you.
11. Praise him whose bow is strong and sure his arrow, him who is Lord of every balm that bealeth.
     Worship thou Rudra for his great good favour: adore the Asura, God, with salutations.
12. May the House-friends, the cunning-handed Artists, may the Steer’s Wives, the streams carved out by Vibhvan,
     And may the fair Ones honour and befriend us, Sarasvati, Brhaddiva, and Raka.
13. My newest song, thought that now springs within me, I offer to the Great, the Sure Protector,
     Who made for us this All, in fond love laying each varied form within his Daughter’s bosom.
14. Now, even now, may thy fair praise, O Singer, attain Idaspati who roars and thunders,
     Who, rich in clouds and waters with his lightning speeds forth bedewing both the earth and heaven.
15. May this my laud attain the troop of Maruts, those who are youths in act, the Sons of Rudra.
     The wish calls me to riches and well-being: praise the unwearied Ones whose steeds are dappled.
16. May this my laud reach earth and air’s mid-region, and forest trees and plants to win me riches.
     May every Deity be swift to listen, and Mother Earth with no ill thought regard me.
17. Gods, may we dwell in free untroubled bliss.
18. May we obtain the Asvins’ newest favour, and gain their health-bestowing happy guidance.
     Bring riches hither unto us, and heroes, and all felicity and joy, Immortals!

Mandala 5, Hymn 43.

1. MAY the Milch-cows who hasten to their object come harmless unto us with liquid sweetness.
     The Singer, lauding, calls, for ample riches, the Seven Mighty Ones who bring enjoyment.
2. With reverence and fair praise will I bring hither, for sake of strength, exhaustless Earth and Heaven.
     Father and Mother, sweetof speech, fairhanded, may they, far-famed, in every fight protect us.
3. Adhvaryus, make the sweet libations ready, and bring the beautiful bright juice to Vayu.
     God, as our Priest, be thou the first to drink it: we give thee of the mead to make thee joyful.
4. Two arms-the Soma’s dexterous immo. lators-and the ten fingers set and fix the press-stone.
     The stalk hath poured, fair with its spreading branches, the mead’s bright glittering juice that dwells on mountains.
5. The Soma hath been pressed for thee, its lover, to give thee power and might and high enjoyment.
     Invoked, turn hither in thy car, O Indra, at need, thy two well-trained and dear Bay Horses.
6. Bring by God-traversed paths, accordant, Agni, the great Aramati, Celestial Lady,
     Exalted, worshipped with our gifts and homage, who knoweth holy Law, to drink sweet Soma.
7. As on his father’s lap the son, the darling, so on the fire is set the sacred caldron,
     Which holy singers deck, as if extending and heating that which holds the fatty membrane.
8. Hither, as herald to invite the Asvins, come the great lofty song, most sweet and pleasant!
     Come in one car, joy-givers! to the banquet, like the bolt binding pole and nave, come hither.
9. I have declared this speech of adoration to mightiest Pusan and victorious Vayu,
     Who by their bounty are the hymns’ inspirers, and of themselves give power as a possession.
10. Invoked by us bring hither, jatavedas the Maruts all under their names and figures.
     Come to the sacrifice with aid all Maruts, all to the songs and praises of the singer!
11. From high heaven may Sarasvati the Holy visit our sacrifice, and from the mountain.
     Eager, propitious, may the balmy Goddess hear our effectual speech, our invocation.
12. Set in his seat the God whose back is dusky, Brhaspati the lofty, the Disposer.
     Him let us worship, set within the dwelling, the red, the golden-hued, the allresplendent.
13. May the Sustainer, high in heaven, come hither, the Bounteous One, invoked, with all his favours,
     Dweller with Dames divine, with plants, unwearied, the Steer with triple horn, the life-bestower.
14. The tuneful eloquent priests of him who liveth have sought the Mother’s bright and loftiest station.
     As living men, with offered gifts and homage they deck the most auspicious Child to clothe him.
15. Agni, great vital power is thine, the mighty: pairs waxing old in their devotion seek thee.
     May every Deity be swift to listen, and Mother Earth with no ill thought regard me.
16. Gods, may we dwell in free untroubled bliss.
17. May we obtain the Asvins’ newest favour, and gain their health-bestowing happy guidance.
     Bring riches hither unto us, and heroes, and all felicity and joy, Immortals!

Mandala 5, Hymn 44.

1. As in the first old times, as all were wont, as now, he draweth forth the power turned hitherward with song,
     The Princedom throned on holy grass, who findeth light, swift, conquering in the’ plants wherein he waxeth strong.
2. Shining to him who leaves heaven’s regions undisturbed, which to his sheen who is beneath show fair in light,
     Good guardian art thou, not to be deceived, Most Wise! Far from deceits thy name dwelleth in holy Law.
3. Truth waits upon oblation present and to come: naught checks him in his way, this vic tory- bringing Priest:
     The Mighty Child who glides along the sacred grass, the undecaying Youth set in the midst of plants.
4. These come, well-yoked, to you for furtherance in the rite: down come the twinborn strengtheners of Law for him,
     With reins easily guided and commanding all. In the deep fall the hide stealeth away their names.
5. Thou, moving beauteously in visibly pregnant ones, snatching with trees the branching plant that grasps the juice,
     Shinest, true Singer! mid the upholders of the voice. Increase thy Consorts thou, lively at sacrifice.
6. Like as he is beheld such is he said to be.
     They with effectual splendour in the floods have made
     Earth yield us room enough and amply wide extent, great might invincible, with store of hero sons.
7. Surya the Sage, as if unwedded, with a Spouse, in battle-loving spirit moveth o’er the foes.
     May he, self-excellent, grant us a sheltering home, a house that wards the fierce heat off on every side.
8. Thy name, sung forth by Rsis in these hymns of ours, goes to the loftier One with this swift mover’s light.
     By skill he wins the boon whereon his heart is set: he who bestirs himself shall bring the thing to pass.
9. The chief and best of these abideth in the sea, nor doth libation fail wherein it is prolonged.
     The heart of him who praiseth trembleth not in fear there where the hymn is found connected with the pure.
10. For it is he: with though to of Ksatra, Manasa, of Yajata, and Sadhri, and Evavada,
     With Avatsara’s sweet songs will we strive to win the mightiest strength which even he who knows should gain.
11. The Hawk is their full source, girth-stretching rapturous drink of Visvavara, of Mayin, and Yajata.
     They ever seek a fresh draught so that they may come, know when thy time to halt and drink thy fill is near.
12. Sadaprna the holy, Tarya, Srutavit, and Bahuvrkta, joined with you, have slain the foes.
     He gains his wish in both the worlds and brightly shines-when he adores the host with well-advancing steeds.
13. The worshipper’s defender is Sutambhara, producer and uplifter of all holy thoughts.
     The milch-cow brought, sweet-flavoured milk was dealt around. Who speaks the bidding text knows this, not he who sleeps.
11. The sacred hymns love him who wakes and watches: to him who watches come the Sama verses.
     This Soma saith unto the man who watches, I rest and have my dwelling in thy friendship.
15. Agni is watchful, and the gcas love him; Agni is watchful, Sama verses seek him.
     Agni is watchful, to him saith this Soma, I rest and have my dwelling in thy friendship.

Mandala 5, Hymn 45.

1. BARDS of approaching Dawn who know the heavens are come with hymns to throw the mountain open.
     The Sun hath risen and oped the stable portals: the doors of men, too, hath the God thrown open.
2. Surya hath spread his light as splendour: hither came the Cows’ Mother, conscious, from the stable,
     To streams that flow with biting waves to deserts; and heaven is stablished like a firm-set pillar.
3. This laud hath won the burden of the mountain. To aid the ancient birth of mighty waters
     The mountain parted, Heaven performed his office. The worshippers were worn with constant serving.
4. With hymns and God-loved words will I invoke you, Indra and Agni, to obtain your favour,
     For verily sages, skilled in sacrificing, worship the Maruts and with lauds invite them.
5. This day approach us: may our thoughts be holy, far from us let us cast away misfortune.
     Let us keep those who hate us at a distance, and haste to meet the man who sacrifices.
6. Come, let us carry out, O friends, the purpose wherewith the Mother threw the Cow’s stall open,
     That wherewith Manu conquered Visisipra, wherewith the wandering merchant gained heaven’s water.
7. Here, urged by hands, loudly hath rung the press-stone wherewith Navagvas through ten months sang praises.
     Sarama went aright and found the cattle. Angiras gave effect to all their labours.
8. When at the dawning of this mighty Goddess, Angirases all sang forth with the cattle,-
     Their spring is in the loftiest place of meeting,-Sarama found the kine by Order’s pathway.
9. Borne by his Coursers Seven may Surya visit the field that spreadeth wide for his long journey.
     Down on the Soma swooped the rapid Falcon. Bright was the young Sage moving mid his cattle.
10. Surya hath mounted to the shining ocean when he hath yoked his fair-backed Tawny Horses.
     The wise have drawn him like a ship through water: the floods obedient have descended hither.
11. I lay upon the Floods your hymn, lightwinning, wherewith Navagvas their ten months completed.
     Through this our hymn may we have Gods to guard us: through this our hymn pass safe beyond affliction.

Mandala 5, Hymn 46.

1. WELL knowing I have bound me, horselike, to the pole: I carry that which bears as on and gives us help.
     I seek for no release, no turning back therefrom. May he who knows the way, the Leader, guide me straight.
2. O Agni, Indra, Varuna, and Mitra, give, O ye Gods, and Marut host, and Visnu.
     May both Nasatyas, Rudra, heavenly Matrons, Pusan, Sarasvati, Bhaga, accept us.
3. Indra and Agni, Mitra, Varuna, Aditi, the Waters, Mountains, Maruts, Sky, and Earth and Heaven,
     Visnu I call, Pusan, and Brahmanaspati, and Bhaga, Samsa, Savitar that they may help.
4. May Visnu also and Vata who injures none, and Soma granter of possessions give us joy;
     And may the Rbhus and the Asvins, Tvastar and Vibhvan remember us so that we may have wealth.
5. So may the band of Maruts dwelling in the sky, the holy, come to us to sit on sacred grass;
     Brhaspati and Pusan grant us sure defence, Varuna, Mitra, Aryaman guard and shelter us.
6. And may the Mountains famed in noble eulogies, and the fair-gleaming Rivers keep us safe from harm.
     May Bhaga the Dispenser come with power and grace, and far-pervading Aditi listen to my call.
7. May the Gods’ Spouses aid us of their own freewill, aid us to offspring and the winning of the spoil.
     Grant us protection, O ye gracious Goddesses, ye who are on the earth or in the waters’ realm.
8. May the Dames, wives of Gods, enjoy our presents, Rat, Asvini, Agnayi, and Indrani.
     May Rodasi and Varunani hear us, and Goddesses come at the Matrons’ season.

Mandala 5, Hymn 47.

1. URGING to toil and making proclamation, seeking Heaven’s Daughter comes the Mighty Mother:
     She comes, the youthful Hymn, unto the Fathers, inviting to her home and loudly calling.
2. Swift in their motion, hasting to their duty, reaching the central point of life immortal,
     On every side about the earth and heaven go forth the spacious paths without a limit.
3. Steer, Sea, Red Bird with strong wings, he hath entered the dwelling-place of the Primeval Father.
     A gay-hued Stone set in the midst of heaven, he hath gone forth and guards mid-air’s two limits.
4. Four bear him up and give him rest and quiet, and ten invigorate the Babe for travel.
     His kine most excellent, of threefold nature, pass swiftly round the boundaries of heaven.
5. Wondrous, O people, is the mystic knowledge that while the waters stand the streams are flowing:
     That, separate from his Mother, Two support him, closely-united, twins, here made apparent.
6. For him they lenghten prayers and acts of worship: the Mothers weave garments for him their offspring.
     Rejoicing, for the Steer’s impregning contact, his Spouses move on paths or heaven to meet him.
7. Be this our praise, O Varuna and Mitra may this be health and force to us, O Agni.
     May we obtain firm ground and room for resting: Glory to Heaven, the lofty habitation!

Mandala 5, Hymn 48.

1. WHAT may we meditate for the beloved Power, mighty in native strength and glorious in itself,
     Which as a magic energy seeking waters spreads even to theimmeasurable middle region’s cloud?
2. O’er all the region with their uniform advance these have spread out the lore that giveth heroes strength.
     Back, with their course reversed, the others pass away: the pious lengthens life with those that are before.
3. With pressing-stones and with the bright beams of the day he hurls his broadest bolt against the Guileful One.
     Even he whose hundred wander in his own abode, driving the days afar and bringing them again.
4. I, to enjoy the beauty of his form, behold that rapid rush of his as ‘twere an axe’s edge,
     What time he gives the man who calls on him in fight wealth like a dwelling-house filled full with store of food.
5. Four-faced and nobly clad, Varuna, urging on the pious to his task, stirs himself with the tongue.
     Naught by our human nature do we know of him, him from whom Bhaga Savitar bestows the boon.

Mandala 5, Hymn 49.

1. THIS day I bring God Savitar to meet you, and Bhaga who allots the wealth of mortals.
     You, Asvins, Heroes rich in treasures, daily seeking your friendship fain would I turn hither.
2. Knowing full well the Asura’s time of coming, worship God Savitar with hymns and praises.
     Let him who rightly knoweth speak with homage to him who dealeth out man’s noblest treasure.
3. Not for reward doth Pusan send his blessings, Bhaga, or Aditi: his garb is splendour.
     May Indra, Visniu, Varuna, Mitra, Agni produce auspicious days, the Wonder-Workers.
4. Sending the shelter which we ask, the foeless Savitar and the Rivers shall approach us.
     When I, the sacrifice’s priest, invite them, may we he lords of wealth and rich possessions.
5. They who devote such worship to the Vasus, singing their hymns to Varuna and Mitra,
     Vouchsafe them ample room, far off be danger. Through grace of Heaven and Earth may we be happy.

Mandala 5, Hymn 50.

1. LET every mortal man elect the friendship of the guiding God.
     Each one solicits him for wealth and seeks renown to prosper him.
2. These, leading God, are thine, and these here ready to speak after us.
     As such may we attain to wealth and wait with services on thee.
3. So further honour as our guests the Hero Gods and then the Dames.
     May he remove and keep afar our foes and all who block our path.
4. Where fire is set, and swiftly runs the victim dwelling in the trough,
     He wins, with heroes in his home, friendly to man, like constant streams.
5. May these thy riches, Leader God! that rule the car, be blest to us,
     Yea, blest to us for wealth and weal. This will we ponder praising strength, this ponder as we praise the God.

Mandala 5, Hymn 51.

1. WITH all assistants, Agni, come hither to drink the Soma-juice;
     With Gods unto our sacred gifts.
2. Come to the sacrifice, O ye whose ways are right, whose laws are true,
     And drink the draught with Agni’s tongue.
3. O Singer, with the singers, O Gracious, with those who move at dawn,
     Come to the Soma-draught with Gods.
4. To Indra and to Vayu dear, this Soma, by the mortar pressed,
     Is now poured forth to fill the jar.
5. Vayu, come hither to the feast, wellpleased unto our sacred gifts:
     Drink of the Soma juice effused come to the food.
6. Ye, Indra, Vayu, well deserve to drink the juices pressed by us.
     Gladly accept them, spotless Pair come to the food.
7. For Indra and for Vayu pressed are Soma juices blent with curd,
     As rivers to the lowland flow: come to the food.
8. Associate with all the Gods, come, with the Asvins and with Dawn,
     Agni, as erst with Atri, so enjoy the juice.
9. Associate with Varuna, with Mitra, Soma, Visnu, come,
     Agni, as erstwith Atri, so enjoy the juice.
10. Associate with Vasus, with Adityas, Indra, Viyu, come, Agni as erst with Atri, so enjoy the juice.
11. May Bhaga and the Asvins grant us health and wealth, and Goddess Adid and he whom none resist.
     The Asura Pusan grant us all prosperity, and Heaven and Earth most wise vouchsafe us happiness.
12. Let us solicit Vayu for prosperity, and Soma who is Lord of all the world for weal;
     For weal Brhaspati with all his company. May the Adityas bring us health and happiness.
13. May all the Gods, may Agni the beneficent, God of all men, this day be with us for our weal.
     Help us the Rbhus, the Divine Ones, for our good. May Rudra bless and keep us from calamity.
14. Prosper us, Mitra, Varuna. O wealthy Pathya, prosper us.
     Indra and Agni, prosper us; prosper us thou, O Aditi.
15. Like Sun and Moon may we pursue in full prosperity our path,
     And meet with one who gives again, -who knows us well and slays us not.

Mandala 5, Hymn 52.

1. SING boldly forth, Syavasva, with the Maruts who are loud in song,
     Who, holy, as their wont is, joy in glory that is free from guile.
2. For in their boldness they are friends of firm and sure heroic strength.
     They in their course, bold-spirited, guard all men of their own accord.
3. Like steers in rapid motion they advance and overtake the nights;
     And thus the Maruts’ power in heaven and on the earth we celebrate.
4. With boldness to your Maruts let us offer laud and sacrifice:
     Who all, through ages of mankind, guard mortal man from injury.
5. Praiseworthy, givers of good gifts, Heroes with full and perfect strength –
     To Maruts, Holy Ones of heaven, will I extol the sacrifice.
6. The lofty Heroes cast their spears and weapons bright with gleaming gold.
     After these Maruts followed close, like laughing lightning from the sky, a splendour of its own accord.
7. They who waxed mighty, of the earth, they who are in the wide mid-air,
     Or in the rivers’ compass, or in the abode of ample heaven.
8. Praise thou the Maruts’ company, the valorous and truly strong,
     The Heroes, hasting, by themselves have yoked their deer for victory.
9. Fair-gleaming, on Parusni they have clothed themselves in robes of wool,
     And with their chariot tires they cleave the rock asunder in their might.
10. Whether as wanderers from the way or speeders on or to the path,
     Under these names the spreading band tend well the sacrifice for me.
11. To this the Heroes well attend, well do their teams attend to this.
     Visible are their varied forms. Behold, they are Paravatas.
12. Hymn-singing, seeking water, they, praising, have danced about the spring.
     What are they unto me? No thieves, but helpers, splendid to behold.
13. Sublime, with lightnings for their spears, Sages and Orderers are they.
     Rsi, adore that Marut host, and make them happy with thy song.
14. Rsi, invite the Marut band with offerings, as a maid her friend.
     From heaven, too, Bold Ones, in your might haste hither glorified with songs.
15. Thinking of these now let him come, as with the escort of the Gods,
     And with the splendid Princes, famed for rapid courses, to the gifts.
16. Princes, who, when I asked their kin, named Prsni as their Mother-cow,
     And the impetuous Rudra they, the Mighty Ones, declared their Sire.
17. The mighty ones, the seven times seven, have singly given me hundred gifts.
     I have obtained on Yamuna famed wealth in kine and wealth in steeds.

Mandala 5, Hymn 53.

1. Who knows the birth of these, or who lived in the Maruts’ favour in the days of old
     What time their spotted deer were yoked?
2. Who, when they stood upon their cars, hath heard them tell the way they went?
     Who was the bounteous man to whom their kindred rains flowed down with food of sacrifice?
3. To me they told it, and they came with winged steeds radiant to the draught,
     Youths, Heroes free from spot or stain: Behold us here and praise thou us;
4. Who shine self-luminous with ornaments and swords, with breastplates, armlets, and with wreaths,
     Arrayed on chariots and with bows.
5. O swift to pour your bounties down, ye Maruts, with delight I look upon your cars,
     Like splendours coming through the rain.
6. Munificent Heroes, they have cast heaven’s treasury down for the worshipper’s behoof:
     They set the storm-cloud free tostream through both the worlds, and rainfloods flow o’er desert spots.
7. The bursting streams m billowy flood have spread abroad, like milch-kine, o’er the firmament.
     Like swift steeds hasting to their journey’s resting-place, to every side run glittering brooks.
8. Hither, O Maruts, come from heaven, from mid-air, or from near at hand
     Tarry not far away from us.
9. So let not Rasa, Krumu, or Anitabha, Kubha, or Sindhu hold you back.
     Let not the watery Sarayti obstruct your way. With us be all the bliss ye give.
10. That brilliant gathering of your cars, the company of Maruts, of the Youthful Ones,
     The rain-showers, speeding on, attend.
11. With eulogies and hymns may we follow your army, troop by troop, and band by band,
     And company by company.
12. To what oblation-giver, sprung of noble ancestry, have sped
     The Maruts on this course to-day?
13. Vouchsafe to us the bounty, that which we implore, through which, for child and progeny,
     Ye give the seed of corn that wasteth not away, and bliss that reacheth to all life.
14. May we in safety pass by those who slander us, leaving behind disgrace and hate.
     Maruts, may we be there when ye, at dawn, in rest and toil, rain waters down and balm.
15. Favoured by Gods shall he the man, O Heroes, Marutr! and possessed of noble sons,
     Whom ye protect. Such may we be.
16. Praise the Free-givers. At this liberal patron’s rite they joy like cattle in the mead.
     So call thou unto them who come as ancient Friends: hymn those who love thee with a song.

Mandala 5, Hymn 54.

1. THIS hymn will I make for the Marut host who bright in native splendour cast the mountains down.
     Sing the great strength of those illustrious in renown, who stay the heat, who sacrifice on heights of heaven.
2. O Maruts, rich in water, strengtheners of life are your strong bands with harnessed steeds, that wander far.
     Trita roars out at him who aims the lightning-flash. The waters sweeping round are thundering on their way.
3. They gleam with lightning, Heroes, Casters of the Stone, wind-rapid Maruts, overthrowers of the bills,
     Oft through desire to rain coming with storm of hail, roaring in onset, violent and exceeding strong.
4. When, mighty Rudras, through the nights and through the days, when through the sky and realms of air, shakers of all,
     When over the broad fields ye drive along like ships, e’en to strongholds ye come, Maruts, but are not harmed.
5. Maruts, this hero strength and majesty of yours hath, like the Sun, extended o’er a lengthened way,
     When in your course like deer with splendour unsubdued ye bowed the hill that gives imperishable rain.
6. Bright shone your host, ye Sages, Maruts, when ye smote the waving tree as when the worm consumeth it.
     Accordant, as the eye guides him who walks, have ye led our devotion onward by an easy path.
7. Never is he, O Maruts, slain or overcome, never doth he decay ne’er is distressed or harmed;
     His treasures, his resources, never waste away, whom. whether he be prince or Rsi, ye direct.
8. With harnessed team like heroes overcoming troops, the friendly Maruts, laden with their water-casks,
     Let the spring flow, and when impetuous’ they roar they inundate the earth with floods of pleasant meath.
9. Free for the Maruts is the earth with sloping ways, free for the rushing Ones is heaven with steep descents.
     The paths of air’s mid-region are precipitous, precipitous the mountains with their running streams.
10. When, as the Sun hath risen up, ye take delight, O bounteous radiant Maruts, Heroes of the sky,
     Your coursers weary not when speeding on.their way, and rapidly ye reach the end of this your path.
11. Lances are on your shoulders, anklets on your feet, gold chains are on your breasts, gems, Maruts, on your car.
     Lightnings aglow with flame are flashing in your hands, and visors wroughtof gold are laid upon your heads.
12. Maruts, in eager stir ye shake the vault of heaven, splendid beyond conception, for its shining fruit.
     They gathered when they let their deeds of might flash forth. The Pious Ones send forth a far-resounding shout.
13. Sage Maruts, may we be the drivers of the car of riches ful I of life that have been given by you.
     O Maruts, let that wealth in thousands dwell with us which never vanishes like Tisya from the sky.
14. Maruts, ye further wealth with longedfor heroes, further the Rsi skilled in chanted verses.
     Ye give the Bharata as his strength, a charger, and ye bestow a king who quickly listens.
15. Of you, most swift to succour! I solicit wealth wherewith we may spread forth mid men like as the Sun.
     Accept, O Maruts, graciously this hymn of mine that we may live a hundred winters through its power.

Mandala 5, Hymn 55.

1. WITH gleaming lances, with their breasts adorned with gold, the Maruts, rushing onward, hold high power of life.
     They hasten with swift steeds easy to be controlled. Their cars moved onward as they went to victory.
2. Ye, as ye wist, have gained of your own selves your power: high, O ye Mighty Ones, and wide ye shine abroad.
     They with their strength have even measured out the sky.
     Their cars moved onward as they went to victory.
3. Strong, born together, they together have waxed great: the Heroes more and more have grown to majesty
     Resplendent as the Sun’s beams in their light are they. Their cars moved onward as they went to victory.
4. Maruts, your mightiness deserves to be adored, sight to be longed for like the shining of the Sun.
     So lead us with your aid to immortality.
     Their cars moved onward as they went to victory.
5. O Maruts, from the Ocean ye uplift the rain, and fraught with vaporous moisture pour the torrents down.
     Never, ye Wonder-Workers, are your Milch-kine dry. Their cars moved onward as they went to victory.
6. When to your car-poles ye have yoked your spotted deer to be your steeds, and put your golden mantles on,
     O Maruts, ye disperse all enemies abroad. Their cars moved onward as they went to victory.
7. Neither the mountains nor the rivers keep you back: whither ye have resolved thither ye, Maruts, go.
     Ye compass round about even the heaven and earth. Their cars moved onward as they went to victory.
     Whate’er is ancient, Maruts, what of recent time, whate’er is spoken, Vasus, what is chanted forth,
     They who take cognizance of all of this are ye. Their cars moved onward as they went to victory.
9. Be gracious unto us, ye Maruts, slay us not extend ye unto us shelter of many a sort.
     Pay due regard unto our friendship and our praise. Their cars moved onward as they went to victory.
10. O Maruts, lead us on to higher fortune deliver us, when lauded, from afflictions.
     Accept, ye Holy Ones, the gifts we bring you. May we be masters of abundant riches.

Mandala 5, Hymn 56.

1. AGNI, that valorous company adorned with ornaments of gold,
     The people of the Maruts, I call down to-day even from the luminous realm of heaven.
2. Even as thou thinkest in thy heart, thither my wishes also tend.
     Those who have come most near to thine invoking calls, strengthen them fearful to behold.
3. Earth, like a bounteous lady, liberal of her gifts, struck down and shaken, yet exultant, comes to us.
     Impetuous as a bear, O Maruts, is youi rush terrible as a dreadful bull..
4. They who with mighty strength o’erthrow like oxen difficult to yoke,
     Cause e’en the heavenly stone to shake ‘ yea, shake the rocky mountain as they race along.
5. Rise up! even now with lauds I call the very numerous company,
     Unequalled, of these Maruts, like a herd of kine, grown up together in their strength.
6. Bind to your car the bright red mares, yoke the red coursers to your car.
     Bind to the pole, to draw, the fleet-foot tawny steeds, the best at drawing, to the pole.
7. Yea, and this loudly-neighing bright red vigorous horse who hath been sutioned, fair to see,
     Let him not cause delay, O Maruts,, in your course, urge ye him onward in your cars.
8. The Maruts’ chariot, ever fain to gather glory, we invoke,
     Which Rodasi hath mounted, bringing pleasant gifts, with Maruts in her company.
9. I call that brilliant band of yours, adorable, rapid on the car
     Whereon the bounteous Dame, auspicious, nobly born, shows glorious with the Marut host.

Mandala 5, Hymn 57.

1. OF one accord, with Indra, O ye Rudras, come borne on your golden car for our prosperity.
     An offering from us, this hymn is brought to you, as, unto one who th irsts for water, heavenly springs.
2. Armed with your daggers, full of wisdom, armed with spears, armed with your quivers, armed with arrows, with good bows,
     Good horses and good cars have ye, O Prsni’s Sons: ye, Maruts, with good weapons go to victory.
3. From hills and heaven ye shake wealth for the worshipper: in terror at your coming low the woods bow down.
     Ye make the earth to tremble, Sons of Prsni, when for victory ye have yoked, fierce Ones! your spotted deer.
4. Bright with the blasts of wind, wrapped in their robes of rain, like twins of noble aspect and of lovely form,
     The Maruts, spotless, with steeds tawnyhued and red, strong in their mightiness and spreading wide like heaven.
5. Rich in adornment, rich in drops, munificent, bright in their aspect, yielding bounties that endure,
     Noble by birth, adorned with gold upon their breasts, the Singers of the sky have won immortal fame.
6. Borne on both shoulders, O ye Maruts, are your spears: within your arms is laid your energy and 3trength.
     Bold thoughts are in your heads, your weapons in your cars, all glorious majesty is moulded on your forms.
7. Vouchsafe to us, O Maruts, splendid bounty in cattle and in steeds, in cars and heroes.
     Children of Rudra, give us high distinction: may I enjoy your Godlike help and favour.
8. Ho! Maruts, Heroes, skilled in Law, immortal, be gracious unto us, ye rich in treasures,
     Ye hearers of the truth, ye sage and youthful, grown mighty, dwelling on the lofty mountains.

Mandala 5, Hymn 58.

1. Now do I glorify their mighty cohort, the company of these the youthful Maruts,
     Who ride impetuous on with rapid horses, and radiant in themselves, are Lords of Amrta.
2. The mighty glittering band, arm-bound with bracelets, givers of bliss, unmeasured in their greatness,
     With magical powers, bountiful, ever-roaring,-these, liberal Heroes, venerate thou singer.
3. This day may all your water-bringers, Maruts, they who impel the falling rain, approach us.
     This fire, O Maruts, hath been duly kindled; let it find favour with you, youthful Sages.
4. Ye raise up for the folk an active ruler whom, Holy Ones! a Master’s hand hath fashioned.
     Ye send the fighter hand to hand, armmighty, and the brave hero, Maruts with good horses.
5. They spring forth more and more, strong in their glories, like days, like spokes where none are last in order.
     Highest and mightiest are the Sons of Prsni. Firm to their own intention cling the Maruts.
6. When ye have hastened on with spotted coursers, O Maruts, on your cars with strong-wrought fellies,
     The waters are disturbed, the woods are shattered. Let Dyaus the Red Steer send his thunder downward.
7. Even Earth hath spread herself wide at their coming, and they as husbands have with power impregned her.
     They to the pole have yoked the winds for coursers: their sweat have they made rain, these Sons of Rudra.
8. Ho! Maruts, Heroes, skilled in Law, immortal, be gracious unto us, ye rich in treasures,
     Ye hearers of the truth, ye sage and youthful, grown mighty, dwelling on the lofty mountains.

Mandala 5, Hymn 59.

1. YOUR spy hath called to you to give prosperity. I sing to Heaven and Earth and offer sacrifice.
     They bathe their steeds and hasten through the firmament: they spread abroad their radiance through the sea of cloud.
2. Earth shakes and reels in terror at their onward rush, like a full ship which, quivering, lets the water in.
     Marked on their ways are they, visible from afar: the Heroes press between in mighty armament.
3. As the exalted horn of bulls for splendid might, as the Sun’s eye set in the firmament’s expanse,
     Like vigorous horses ye are beauteous to behold, and for your glory show like bridegrooms, O ye Men.
4. Who, O ye Maruts, may attain the mighty lore of you the mighty, who may reach your manly deeds?
     Ye, verily, make earth tremble like a ray of light what time ye bring your boons to give prosperity,
5. Like steeds of ruddy colour, scions of one race, as foremost champions they have battled in the van.
     The Heroes have waxed strong like we.1grown manly youths; with floods of rain they make the Sun’s eye fade away,
6. Having no eldest and no youngest in their band, no middlomost, preeminent they have waxed in might,
     These Sons of Prsni, sprung of noble ancestry: come hitberward to us, ye bridegrooms of the sky.
7. Like birds of air they flew with might in lengthened lines from heaven’s high ridges to the borders of the sky.
     The steeds who carry them, as Gods and mortals know, have caused the waters of the mounuains to desGend.
8. May Dyaus, the Infinite, roar for our banquet: may Dawns toil for us, glittering with moisture.
     Lauded by thee, these Maruts, Sons o Rudra, O Rsi, have sent down the heavenly treasure.

Mandala 5, Hymn 60.

1. I LAUD with reverence the gracious Agni: here may he sit and part our meed among us.
     As with spoil-seeking cars I bring oblation: turned rightward I will swell the Marut’s, praise-song.
2. The Maruts, yea, the Rudras, who have mounted their famous spotted deer and cars swift-moving,-
     Before you, fierce Ones! woods bow down in terror: Earth, even the mountain, trembles at your coming.
3. Though vast and tall, the mountain is affrighted, the height of heaven is shaken at your roaring
     When, armed with lances, ye are sporting, Maruts, and rush along together like the waters.
4. They, like young suitors, sons of wealthy houses, have with their golden natures decked their bodies.
     Strong on their cars, the lordly Ones, for glory, have set their splendours on their forms for ever.
5. None being eldest, none among them youngest, as brothers they have grown to happy fortune.
     May their Sire Rudra, young and deft, and Prsni pouring much milk, bring fair days to the Maruts.
6. Whether, O blessed Maruts, ye be dwelling in highest, midmost, or in lowest heaven,
     Thence, O ye Rudras, and thou also, Agni, notice the sacrificial food we offer.
7. O Maruts, Lords of all, when Agni and when ye drive downward from sublimest heaven along the heights,
     Shakers of all, rejoicing, slayers of the foe, give riches to the Soma-pressing worshipper.
8. O Agni, with the Maruts as they gleam and sing, gathered in troop, rejoicing drink the Soma juice;
     With these the living ones who cleanse and further all, joined with thy banner, O Vaisvanara, from of old.

Mandala 5, Hymn 61.

1. O HEROES lordliest of all, who are ye that have singly come
     Forth from a region most remote?
2. Where are your horses, where the reins? How came ye? how had ye the power?
     Rein was on nose and seat on back.
3. The whip is laid upon the flank. The heroes stretch their thighs apart,
     Like women when the babe is born.
4. Go ye, O Heroes, far away, ye bridegrooms with a lovely Spouse
     That ye may warm you at the fire.
5. May she gain cattle for her meed, hundreds of sheep and steeds and kine,
     Who threw embracing arms around the hero whom gyavaiva praised.
6. Yea, many a woman is more firm and better than the man who turns
     Away from Gods, andoffers not.
7. She who discerns the weak and worn, the man who thirsts and is in want
     She sets her mind upon the Gods.
8. And yet full many a one, unpraised, mean niggard, is entitled man:
     Only in weregild is he such.
9. And she, the young, the joyous-spirited, divulged the path to Syava, yea, to me.
     Two red steeds carried me to Purumilha’s side, that sage of far-extended fame,
10. Him who, like Vaidadasvi, like Taranta, hath bestowed on me
     A hundred cows in liberal gift.
11. They who are borne by rapid steeds, drinking the meath that gives delight,
     They have attained high glories here.
12. They by whose splendour both the worlds are over-spread they shine on cars
     As the gold gleams above in heaven.
13. That Marut band is ever young, borne on bright cars, unblamable,
     Moving to victory, checked by none.
14. Who knoweth, verily, of these where the All-shakers take delight,
     Born, spotless, after sacred Law?
15. Guides are ye, lovers of the song to mortal man through holy hymn,
     And hearers when he cries for help.
16. Do ye, destroyers of the foe, worshipful and exceeding bright,
     Send down the treasures that we crave.
17. OUrmya, bear thou far away to Darbhya this my hymn of praise,
     Songs, Goddess, as if chariot-borne.
18. From me to Rathaviti say, when he hath pressed the Soma juice,
     The wish I had departeth not.
19. This wealthy Rathaviti dwells among the people rich in kine,
     Among the mountains, far withdrawn.

Mandala 5, Hymn 62.

1. BY your high Law firm order is established there where they loose for travel Surya’s horses.
     Ten hundred stood together: there I looked on this the most marvellous Deities’ one chief glory.
2. This, Mitra-Varuna, is your special greatness: floods that stood there they with the days attracted.
     Ye cause to flow all voices of the cowpen: your single chariotfelly hath rolled hither.
3. O Mitra-Varuna, ye by your greatness, both Kings, have firmly stablished earth and heaven,
     Ye caused the cows to stream, the plants to flourish, and, scattering swift drops, sent down the rain-flood.
4. Let your well-harnessed horses bear you hither: hitherward let them come with reins drawn tightly.
     A covering cloud of sacred oil attends you, and your streams flow to us from days aforetime.
5. To make the lustre wider and more famous, guarding the sacred grass with veneration,
     Ye, Mitra-Varuna, firm, strong, awe-inspiring, are seated on a throne amid oblations.
6. With hands that shed no blood, guarding the pious, whom, Varuni3, ye save amid oblations.
     Ye Twain, together, Kings of willing spirit, uphold dominion based on thousand pillars.
7. Adorned with gold, its columns are of iron. in heaven it glitters like a whip for horses;
     Or stablished on a field deep-spoiled and fruitful. So may we share the meath that loads your car-seat.
8. Ye mount your car gold-hued at break of morning, and iron-pillared when the Sun is setting,
     And from that place, O Varuna and Mitra, behold infinity and limit~tion.
9. Bountiful guardians of the world! the shelter that is impenetrable, strongest, flawless,
     Aid us with that, O Varuna and Mitra, and when we long to win may we be victors.

Mandala 5, Hymn 63.

1. GUARDIANS of Order, ye whose Laws are ever true, in the sublimest heaven your chariot ye ascend.
     O Mitra-Varuna whomsoe’er ye: favour, here, to him the rain with sweetness streameth down from heaven.
2. This world’s imperial Kings, O Mitra-Varuna, ye rule in holy synod, looking on the light.
     We pray for rain, your boon, and immortality. Through heaven and over earth the thunderers take their way.
3. Imperial Kings, strong, Heroes, Lords of earth and heaven, Mitra and Varuna, ye ever active Ones,
     Ye wait on thunder with the many-tinted clouds, and by the Asura’s magic power cause Heaven to rain.
4. Your magic, Mitra-Varuna, resteth in the heaven. The Sun, the wondrous weapon, cometh forth as light.
     Ye hide him in the sky with cloud and flood of rain, and water-drops, Parjanya! full of sweetness flow.
5. The Maruts yoke their easy car for victory, O Mitra-Varuna, as a hero in the wars.
     The thunderers roam through regions varied in their hues. Imperial Kings, bedew us with the milk of heaven.
6. Refreshing is your voice, O Mitra-Varuna: Parjanya sendeth out a wondrous mighty voice.
     With magic power the Maruts clothe them with the clouds. Ye Two cause Heaven to rain, the red, the spotless One.
7. Wise, with your Law and through the Asura’s magic power ye guard the ordinances, Mitra-Varuna.
     Ye by eternal Order govern all the world. Ye set the Sun in heaven as a refulgent car.

Mandala 5, Hymn 64.

1. You, foeman-slaying Varuna and Mitra, we invoke with song,
     Who, as with penfold of your arms, encompass round the realm of light.
2. Stretch out your arms with favouring love unto this man who singeth hymns,
     For in all places is sung forth your evergracious friendliness.
3. That I may gain a refuge now, may my steps be on Mitra’s path.
     Men go protected in the charge of this dear Friend who harms us not.
4. Mitra and Varuna, from you may I, by song, win noblest meed.
     That shall stir envy in the homes of wealthy chiefs and those who praise.
5. With your fair splendours, Varuna and Mitra, to our gathering come,
     That in their homes the wealthy chiefs and they who are your friends may thrive.
6. With those, moreover, among whom ye hold your high supremacy,
     Vouchsafe us room that we may win strength for prosperity and wealth.
7. When morning flushes, Holy Ones! in the Gods’ realm where white Cows shine,
     Supporting Arcananas, speed, ye Heroes, with your active feet hither to my pressed Soma juice.

Mandala 6, Hymn 1

1. THOU, first inventor of this prayer, O Agni, Worker of Marvels, hast become our Herald.
     Thou, Bull, hast made us strength which none may conquer, strength that shall overcome all other prowess.
2. As Priest thou sattest at the seat of worship, furthering us, best Offerer, meet for honour.
     So first to thee have pious men resorted, turning thy mind to thoughts of ample riches.
3. In thee, still watching, they have followed riches, who goest with much wealth as with an army,
     The radiant Agni, lofty, fair to look on, worshipped with marrow, evermore resplendent.
4. They who approached the God’s abode with homage, eager for glory, won them perfect glory:
     Yea, they gained even sacrificial titles, and found delight in thine auspicious aspect.
5. On earth the people magnify thee greatly, thee their celestial and terrestrial riches.
     Thou, Helper, must be known as our Preserver, Father and Mother of mankind for ever.
6. Dear priest among mankind, adorable Agni hath seated him, joy-giver, skilled in worship.
     Let us approach thee shining in thy dwelling, kneeling upon our knees, with adoration.
7. Longing for bliss, pure-minded, God-devoted, Agni, we seek thee, such, meet to be lauded.
     Thou, Agni, leddest forth our men to battle, refulgent with the heaven’s exalted splendour.
8. Sage of mankind, all peoples’ Lord and Master, the Bull of men, the sender down of blessings,
     Still pressing on, promoting, purifying, Agni the Holy One, the Lord of riches.
9. Agni, the mortal who hath toiled and worshipped, brought thee oblations with his kindled fuel,
     And well knows sacrifice with adoration, gains every joy with thee to guard and help him.
10. Mightily let us worship thee the Mighty, with reverence, Agni! fuel and oblations,
     With songs, O Son of Strength, with hymns, with altar: so may we strive for thine auspicious favour.
11. Thou who hast covered heaven and earth with splendour and with thy glories, glorious and triumphant.
     Continue thou to shine on us, O Agni, with strength abundant, rich, and long enduring.
12. Vouchsafe us ever, as man needs, O Vasu, abundant wealth of kine for son and offspring.
     Food noble, plenteous, far from sin and evil, he with us, and fair fame to make us happy.
13. May I obtain much wealth in many places by love of thee and through thy grace, King Agni;
     For in thee Bounteous One, in thee the Sovran, Agni, are many boons for him who serves thee.
  
   
Mandala 6, Hymn 2

1. THOU, Agni, even as Mitra, hast a princely glory of thine own.
     Thou, active Vasu, makest fame increase like full prosperity.
2. For, verily, men pray to thee with sacrifices and with songs.
     To thee the Friendly Courser, seen of all, comes speeding through the air.
3. Of one accord men kindle thee Heaven’s signal of the sacrifice,
     When, craving bliss, this race of man invites thee to the solemn rite.
4. Let the man thrive who travails sore, in prayer, far thee the Bountiful.
     He with the help of lofty Dyaus comes safe through straits of enmity.
5. The mortal who with fuel lights thy flame and offers unto thee,
     Supports a house with many a branch, Agni, to live a hundred years.
6. Thy bright smoke lifts itself aloft, and far-extended shines in heaven.
     For, Purifier! like the Sun thou beamest with thy radiant glow.
7. For in men’s houses thou must be glorified as a well-loved guest,
     Gay like an elder in a fort, claiming protection like a son.
8. Thou, Agni, like an able steed, art urged by wisdom in the wood.
     Thou art like wind; food, home art thou, like a young horse that runs astray.
9. E’en things imperishable, thou, O Agni, like a gazing ox,
     Eatest, when hosts, Eternal One! of thee the Mighty rend the woods.
10. Agni, thou enterest as Priest the home of men who sacrifice.
     Lord of the people, prosper them. Accept the ofrering, Angiras!
11. O Agni, God with Mitra’s might, call hither the favour of the Gods from earth and heaven.
     Bring weal from heaven, that men may dwell securely. May we o’ercome the foe’s malign oppressions, may we o’ercome them, through thy help o’ercome them.

Mandala 6, Hymn 2

Mandala 6, Hymn 3

1. TRUE, guardian of the Law, thy faithful servant wins ample light and dwells in peace, O Agni,
     Whom thou, as Varuna in accord with Mitra, guardest, O God, by banishing his trouble.
2. He hath paid sacrifices, toiled in worship, and offered gifts to wealth-increasing Agni.
     Him the displeasure of the famous moves not, outrage and scorn affect not such a mortal.
3. Bright God, whose look is free from stain like Surya’s, thou, swift, what time thou earnestly desirest,
     Hast gear to give us. Come with joy at evening, where, Child of Wood, thou mayest also tarry.
4. Fierce is his gait and vast his wondrous body: he champeth like a horse with bit and bridle,
     And, darting forth his tongue, as ‘twere a hatchet, burning the woods, smelteth them like a smelter.
5. Archer-like, fain toshoot, he sets his arrow, and whets his splendour like the edge of iron:
     The messenger of night with brilliant pathway, like a tree-roosting bird of rapid pinion.
6. In beams of morn he clothes him like the singer, and bright as Mitra with his splendour crackles.
     Red in the night, by day the men’s possession: red, he belongs to men by day, Immortal.
7. Like Heaven’s when scattering beams his voice was uttered: among the plants the radiant Hero shouted,
     Who with his glow in rapid course came hither to fill both worlds, well-wedded Dames, with treasure.
8. Who, with supporting streams and rays that suit him, hath flashed like lightning with his native vigour.
     Like the deft Maker of the band of Maruts, the bright impetuous One hath shone refulgent.

Mandala 6, Hymn 4

1. As at man’s service of the Gods, Invoker, thou, Son of Strength, dost sacrifice and worship,
     So bring for us to-day all Gods together, bring willingly the willing Gods, O Agni.
2. May Agni, radiant Herald of the morning, meet to be known, accept our praise with favour.
     Dear to all life, mid mortal men Immortal, our guest, awake at dawn, is Jatavedas.
3. Whose might the very heavens regard with wonder: bright as the Sun he clothes himself with lustre.
     He who sends forth,, Eternal Purifier, hath shattered e’en the ancient works of Asna.
4. Thou art a Singer, Son! our feast-companion: Agni at birth prepared his food and pathway.
     Therefore vouchsafe us strength, O Strength-bestower. Win like a King: foes trouble not thy dwelling.
5. Even he who cats his firm hard food with swiftness,and overtakes the nights as Vayu kingdoms.
     May we o’ercome those who resist thine orders, like a steed casting down the flying foemen.
6. Like Surya with his fulgent rays, O Agni, thou overspreadest both the worlds with splendour.
     Decked with bright colour he dispels the darkness, like Ausija, with clear flame swifily flying.
7. We have elected thee as most delightful for thy beams’ glow: hear our great laud, O Agni.
     The best men praise thee as the peer of Indra in strength, mid Gods, like Viyu in thy bounty.
8. Now, Agni, on the tranquil paths of riches come to us for our weal: save us from sorrow.
     Grant chiefs and bard this boon. May we live happy, with hero children, through a hundred winters.

Mandala 6, Hymn 5

1. I INVOCATE your Son of Strength, the Youthful, with hymns, the Youngest God, whose speech is guileless;
     Sage who sends wealth comprising every treasure, bringer of many boons, devoid of malice.
2. At eve and morn thy pious servants bring thee their precious gifts, O Priest of many aspects,
     On whom, the Purifier, all things living as on firm. ground their happiness have stablished.
3. Thou from of old hast dwelt among these people, by mental power the charioteer of blessings.
     Hence sendest thou, O sapient Jatavedas, to him who serves thee treasures in succession.
4. Agni, whoever secretly attacks us, the neighbour, thou with Mitra’s might! who harms us,
     Burn him with thine own Steers for ever youthful, burning with burning heat, thou fiercest burner.
5. He who serves thee with sacrifice and fuel, with hymn, O Son of Strength, and chanted praises,
     Shines out, Immortal! in the midst of mortals, a sage, with wealth, with splendour and with glory.
6. Do this, O Agni, when we urge thee, quickly, triumphant in thy might subdue our foemen.
     When thou art praised with words and decked with brightness, accept this chanted hymn, the singer’s worship.
7. Help us, that we may gain this wish, O Agni, gain riches, Wealthy One! with store of heroes.
     Desiring strength from thee may we be strengthened, and win, Eternal! thine eternal glory.

Mandala 6, Hymn 6

1. HE who seeks furtherance and grace to help him goes to the Son of Strength with newest worship,
     Calling the heavenly Priest to share the banquet, who rends the wood, bright, with his blackened pathway.
2. White-hued and thundering he dwells in splendour, Most Youthful, with the loudvoiced and eternal-
     Agni, most variform, the Purifier, who follows crunching many ample forests.
3. Incited by the wind thy flames, O Agni, move onward, Pure One! pure, in all directions.
     Thy most destructive heavenly Navagvas break the woods down and devastate them boldly.
4. Thy pure white horses from their bonds are loosened: O Radiant One, they shear the ground beneath them,
     And far and wide shines out thy flame, and flickers rapidly moving over earth’s high ridges.
5. Forth darts the Bull’s tongue like the sharp stone weapon discharged by him who fights to win the cattle.
     Agni’s fierce flame is like a hero’s onset: dread and resistless he destroys the forests.
6. Thou with the sunlight of the great Impeller hast boldly over-spread the earth’s expanses.
     So drive away with conquering might all perils. fighting out foemen burn up those who harm us.
7. Wondrous! of wondrous power! give to the singer wealth wondrous, marked, most wonderful, life-giving.
     Wealth bright, O Bright One, vast, with many heroes, give with thy bright flames to the man who lauds thee.

Mandala 6, Hymn 7

1. Him, messenger of earth and head of heaven, Agni Vaisvanara, born in holy Order,
     The Sage, the King, the guest of men, a vessel fit for their mouths, the Gods have generated.
2. Him have they praised, mid-point of sacrifices, great cistern of libations, seat of riches.
     Vaisvanara, conveyer of oblations, ensign of worship, have the Gods engendered.
3. From thee, O Agni, springs the mighty singer, from thee come heroes who subdue the foeman.
     O King, Vaisvanara, bestow thou on us excellent treasures worthy to belonged fo r.
4. To thee, Immortal! when to life thou springest, all the Gods sing for joy as to their infant.
     They by thy mental powers were made immortal, Vaisvanara, when thou shonest from thy Parents.
5. Agni Vaisvanara, no one hath ever resisted these thy mighty ordinances,
     When thou, arising from thy Parents’ bosom, foundest the light for days’ appointed courses.
6. The summits of the heaven are traversed through and through by the Immortal’s light, Vaisvanara’s brilliancy.
     All creatures in existence rest upon his head. The Seven swift-flowing Streams have grown like branches forth,
7. Vaisvanara, who measured out the realms of air, Sage very wise who made the lucid spheres of heaven,
     The Undeceivable who spread out all the worlds, keeper is he and guard of immortality.

Mandala 6, Hymn 8

1. AT Jatavedas’ holy gathering I will tell aloud the conquering might of the swift red-hued Steer.
     A pure and fresher hymn flows to Vaisvanara, even as for Agni lovely Soma is made pure.
2. That Agni, when in loftiest heaven he sprang to life, Guardian of Holy Laws, kept and observed them well.
     Exceeding wise, he measured out the firmament. Vaisvanara attained to heaven by mightiness.
3. Wonderful Mitra propped the heaven and earth apart, and covered and concealed
     the darkness with his light.
     He made the two bowls part asunder like two skins. Vaisvanara put forth all his creative power.
4. The Migbty seized him in the bosom of the floods: the people waited on the King who should be praised.
     As envoy of Vivasvan MatariSvan brought Agni Vaisvanara hither from far away.
5. In every age bestow upon the singers wealth, worthy of holy synods, glorious, ever new.
     King, undecaying, as it were with sharpened bolt, smite down the sinner like a tree with lightning-flash.
6. Do thou bestow, O Agni, on our wealthy chiefs, rule, with good heroes, undecaying, bending not.
     So may we win for us strength. O Vaisvanara, hundredfold, thousandfold, O Agni, by thy help.
7. O thou who dwellest in three places, Helper, keep with effective guards our princely patrons.
     Keep our band, Agni, who have brought thee presents. Lengthen their lives, Vaisvanara, when lauded.

Mandala 6, Hymn 9

1. ONE half of day is dark, and bright the other: both atmospheres move on by sage devices.
     Agni Vaisvanara, when born as Sovran, hath with his lustre overcome the darkness.
2. I know not either warp or woof, I know not the web they weave when moving to the contest.
     Whose son shall here speak words that must be spoken without assistance from the Father near him?
3. For both the warp and woof he understandeth, and in due time shall speak what should be spoken,
     Who knoweth as the immortal world’s Protector, descending, seeing with no aid from other.
4. He is the Priest, the first of all: behold him. Mid mortal men he is the light immortal.
     Here was he born, firm-seated in his station Immortal, ever waxing in his body.
5. A firm light hath been set for men to look on: among all things that fly the mind is swiftest.
     All Gods of one accord, with one intention, move unobstructed to a single purpose.
6. Mine ears unclose to hear, mine eye to see him; the light that harbours in my spirit broadens.
     Far roams my mind whose thoughts are in the distance. What shall I speak, what shall I now imagine?
7. All the Gods bowed them down in fear before thee, Agni, when thou wast dwelling in the darkness.
     Vaisvanara be gracious to assist us, may the Immortal favour us and help us.

Mandala 6, Hymn 10

1. INSTALL at sacrifice, while the rite advances, your pleasant, heavenly Agni, meet for praises.
     With hymns-for he illumines us-install him. He, Jatavedas, makes our rites successful.
2. Hear this laud, Radiant Priest of many aspects, O Agni with the fires of man enkindled,
     Laud which bards send forth pure as sacred butter, strength to this man, as ‘twere for self-advantage.
3. Mid mortal men that singer thrives in glory who offers gifts with hymns of praise to Agni,
     And the God, wondrous bright, with wondrous succours helps him to win a stable filled with cattle.
4. He, at his birth, whose path is black behind him, filled heaven and earth with far-apparent splendour:
     And he himself hath been. through night’s thick darkness, made manifest by light, the Purifier.
5. With thy most mighty aid, confer, O Agni, wonderful wealth on us and on our princes,
     Who stand preeminent, surpassing others in liberal gifts, in fame, and hero virtues.
6. Agni, accept this sacrifice with gladness, which, seated here, the worshipper presenteth.
     Fair hymns hadst thou among the Bharadvajas, and holpest them to gain abundant vigour.
7. Scatter our foes, increase our store. May we he glad a hundred winters with brave sons.

Mandala 6, Hymn 11

1. EAGERLY Sacrifice thou, most skilful, Agni! Priest, pressing on as if the Maruts sent thee.
     To our oblation bring the two Nasatyas, Mitra and Varuna and Earth and Heaven.
2. Thou art our guileless, most delightful Herald, the God, among mankind, of holy synods.
     A Priest with purifying tongue, O Agni, sacrifice with thy mouth to thine own body.
3. For even the blessed longing that is in thee would bring the Gods down to the singer’s worship,
     When the Angirases’ sagest Sage, the Poet, sings the sweet measure at the solemn service.
4. Bright hath he beamed, the wise, the far-refulgent. Worship the two widespreading Worlds, O Agni,
     Whom as the Living One rich in oblations the Five Tribes, bringing gifts, adorn with homage.
5. When I with reverence clip the grass for Agni, when the trimmed ladle, fullof oil, is lifted,
     Firm on the seat of earth is based the altar: eye-like, the sacrifice is directed Sun-ward.
6. Enrich us, O thou Priest of many aspects, with the Gods, Agni, with thy fires, enkindled.
     O Son of Strength, clad in the robe of riches, may we escape from woe as from
     a prison.

Mandala 6, Hymn 12

1. KING of trimmed grass, Herald within the dwelling, may Agni worship the Impeller’s World-halves.
     He, Son of Strength, the Holy, from a distance hath spread himself abroad with light like Surya.
2. In thee, most wise, shall Dyaus, for full perfection, King! Holy One! pronounce the call to worship.
     Found in three places, like the Speeder’s footstep, come to present men’s riches as oblations!
3. Whose blaze most splendid, sovran in the forest, shines waxing on his way like the – Impeller.
     He knows himself, like as a guileless smelter, not to be stayed among the plants, Immortal.
4. Our friends extol him like a steed for vigour even Agni in the dwelling, jatave~as.
     Trce-fed, he fights with power as doth a champion, like Dawn’s Sire to be praised with sacrifices.
5. Men wonder at his shining glows when, paring the woods with case, o’er the broad earth he goeth,
     And, like a rushing flood, loosed quickly, burneth, swift as a guilty thief, o’er desert places.
6. So mighty thou protectest us from slander, O Champion, Agni! with all fires enkindled.
     Bring opulence and drive away affliction. May brave sons gladden us through a hundred winters.

Mandala 6, Hymn 13

1. FROM thee, as branches from a tree, O Agni, from thee, Auspicious God! spring all our blessings-
     Wealth swiftly, strength in battle with our foemen, the rain besought of heaven, the flow of waters.
2. Thou art our Bhaga to send wealth thou dwellest, like circumambient air, with wondrous splendour.
     Friend art thou of the lofty Law, like Mitra, Controller, Agni! God! of many a blessing.
3. Agni! the hero slays with might his foeman; the singer bears away the Pani’s booty-
     Even he whom thou, Sage, born in Law, incitest by wealth, accordant with the Child of Waters.
4. The man who, Son of Strength 1 with sacrifices, hymns, lauds, attracts thy fervour to the altar,
     Enjoys each precious thing, O God, O Agni, gains wealth of corn and is the lord of treasures.
5. Grant, Son of Strength, to men for their subsistence such things as bring high fame and hero children.
     For thou with might givest much food in cattle even to the wicked wolf when he is hungry.
6. Eloquent, Son of Strength, Most Mighty, Agni, vouchsafe us seed and offspring, full of vigour.
     May I by all my songs obtain abundance. May brave sons gladden us through a hundred winters.

Mandala 6, Hymn 14

1. WHOSO to Agni hath endeared his thought and service by his hymns,
     That mortal cats before the rest, and finds sufficiency of food.
2. Agni, in truth, is passing wise, most skilled in ordering, a Seer.
     At sacrifices Manus’ sons glorify Agni as their Priest.
3. The foeman’s wealth in many a place, Agni, is emulous to help.
     Men fight the fiend, and seek by rites to overcome the riteless foe.
4. Agni bestows the hero chief, winner of waters, firm in fray.
     Soon as they look upon his might his enemies tremble in alarm.
5. For with his wisdom Agni, God, protects the mortal from reproach,
     Whose conquering wealth is never checked, is never checked in deeds of might.
6. O Agni, God with Mitra’s might call hither the favour of the Gods from earth and heaven.
     Bring weal from heaven that men may dwell securely. May we o’ercome the foe’s malign oppressions, may we o’ercome them, through thy help o’ercome them.

Mandala 6, Hymn 15

1. WITH this my song I strive to reach this guest of yours, who wakes at early morn, the Lord of all the tribes.
     Each time he comes from heaven, the Pure One from of old: from ancient days the Child cats everlasting food.
2. Whom, well-dis sed, the Blirgus stablished as a rriend, whom men must glorify, high-flaming in the wood.
     As such, most friendly, thou art every day extolled in lauds by Vitahavya, O thou wondrous God.
3. Be thou the foeless helper of the skilful man, subduer of the enemy near or far away.
     Bestow a wealthy home on men, O Son of Strength. Give Vitahavya riches spreading far and wide, give Bharadvaja wide-spread wealth.
4. Him, your refulgent guest, Agni who comes from heaven, the Herald of mankind, well-skilled in sacred rites,
     Who, like a holy singer, utters heavenly words, oblation-bearer, envoy, God, I seek with hymns.
5. Who with his purifying, eye-attracting form hath shone upon the earth as with the light of Dawn;
     Who speeding on, as in the fight of Etaia, cometh, untouched by age, as one athirst in heat.
6. Worship ye Agni, Agni, with your log of wood; praise your beloved, your beloved guest with songs.
     Invite ye the Immortal hither with your hymns. A God among the Gods, he loveth what is choice, loveth our service, God mid Gods.
7. Agni inflamed with fuel in my song I sing, pure, Cleanser, steadlast, set in tront at sacrifice.
     Wise Jatavedas we implore with prayers for bliss the Priest, the holy Singer, bounteous, void of guile.
8. Men, Agni, in each age have made thee, Deathiess One, their envoy, offering-bearer, guard adorable.
     With reverence Gods and mortals have established thee, the ever-watchful, omnipresent Household Lord.
9. Thou, Agni, ordering the works and ways of both, as envoy of the Gods traversest both the worlds.
     When we lay claim to thy regard and gracious fare, be thou to us a thriceprotecting friendly guard.
10. Him fair of face, rapid, and fair to look on, him very wise may we who know not follow.
     Let him who knows all rules invite for worship, Agru announce our offering to the Immortals.
11. Him, Agni, thou deliverest and savest who brings him prayer to thee the Wise, O Hero,
     The end of sacrifice or its inception; yea, thou endowest him with power and riches.
12. Guard us from him who would assail us, Agni; preserve us, O thou Victor, from dishonour.
     Here let the place of darkening come upon thee: may wealth be ours, desirable in thousands.
13. Agni, the Priest, is King, Lord of the homestead, he, Jatayedas, knows all generations.
     Most skilful worshipper mid Gods and mortals, may he begin the sacrifice, the Holy.
14. Whate’er to-day thou, bright-flamed Priest, enjoyest from the man’s rite-for thou art sacrificer-
     Worship, for duly dost thou spread in greatness: bear off thine ofrerings of to-day, Most Youthful.
15. Look thou upon the viands duly laid for thee. Fain would he set thee here to worship Heaven and,Earth.
     Help us, O liberal Agni, in the strife for spoil, so that we may o’ercome all things that trouble us, o’ercome, o’ercome them with thy help.
16. Together with all Gods, O fair-faced Agni, be seated first upon the woollined altar,
     Nest-like, bedewed with oil. Bear this our worship to Savitar who sacrifices rightly.
17. Here the arranging priests, as did Atharvan, rub this Agni forth,
     Whom, not bewildered, as he moved in winding ways, they brought from gloom.
18. For the Gods’ banquet be thou born, for full perfection and for weal.
     Bring the Immortal Gods who strengthen holy Law: so let our sacrifice reach the Gods.
19. O Agni, Lord and Master of men’s homesteads, with kindled fuel we have made thee mighty.
     Let not our household gear be found defective. Sharpen us with thy penetrating splendour.

Mandala 6, Hymn 16

1. PRIEST of all sacrifices hast thou been appointed by the Gods,
     Agni, amid the race of man.
2. So with thy joyous tongues for us sacrifice nobly in this rite.
     Bring thou the Gods and worship them.
3. For well, O God, Disposer, thou knowest, straight on, the paths and ways,
     Agni, most wise in sacrifice.
4. Thee, too, hath Bharata of old, with mighty men, implored for bliss.
     And worshipped thee the worshipful.
5. Thou givest these abundant boons to Divodasa pouring forth,
     To Bharadvaja offering gifts.
6. Do thou, Immortal Messenger, bring hither the Celestial Folk;
     Hearing the singer’s eulogy.
7. Mortals with pious thought implore thee, Agni, God, at holy rites,
     To come unto the feast of Gods.
8. I glorify thine aspect and the might of thee the Bountilul.
     All those who love shall joy in thee,
9. Invoker placed by Manus, thou, Agni, art near, the wisest Priest:
     Pay worship to the Tribes of Heaven.
10. Come, Agni, lauded, to the feast; come to the offering of the gifts.
     As Priest be seated on the grass.
11. So, Angiras, we make thee strong with fuel and with holy oil.
     Blaze high, thou youngest of the Gods.
12. For us thou winnest, Agni, God, heroic strength exceeding great,
     Far-spreading and of high renown.
13. Agni, Atharvan brought thee forth, by rubbing, from the lotus-flower,
     The head of Visva, of the Priest.
14. Thee. Vrtra’s slayer, breaker down of castles, hath Atharvan’s son,
     Dadhyac the Rsi, lighted up.
15. The hero Pathya kindled thee the Dasyus’. most destructive foe,
     Winner of spoil in every fight.
16. Come, here, O Agni, will I sing verily other songs to thee,
     And with these drops shalt thou grow strong.
17. Where’er tby mind applies itself, vigour preeminent bast thou:
     There wilt thou gain a dwelling-place.
18. Not for a moment only lasts thy bounty, good to many a one!
     Our service therefore shalt thou gain.
19. Agni, the Bharata, hath been sought, the Vrtra-slayer, marked of all,
     Yea, Divodasa’s Hero Lord.
20. For he gave riches that surpass in greatness all the things of earth,
     Fighting untroubled, unsubdued.
21. Thou, Agni, as in days of old, with recent glory, gathered light,
     Hast overspread the lofty heaven.
22. Bring to your Agni, O my friends, boldly your laud and sacrifice:
     Give the Disposer praise and song.
23. For as sagacious Herald he hath sat through every age of man,
     Oblation-bearing messenger.
24. Bring those Two Kings whose ways are pure, Adityas, and the Marut host,
     Excellent God! and Heaven and Earth.
25. For strong and active mortal man, excellent, Agni, is the look Of thee Immortal, Son of Strength
26. Rich through his wisdom, noblest be the giver serving thee to-day:
     The man hath brought his hymn of praise.
27. These, Agni, these are helped by thee, who strong and active all their lives,
     O’ercome the malice of the foe, fight down the malice ofthe foe.
28. May Agni with his pointed blaze cast down each fierce devouring fiend
     May Agni win us wealth by war.
29. O active Jatavedas, bring riches with store of hero sons:
     Slay thou the demons, O Most Wise.
30. Keep us, O Jatavedas, from the troubling of the man of sin:
     Guard us thou Sage who knowest prayer.
31. Whatever sinner, Agni, brings oblations to procure our death,
     Save us from woe that he would work.
32. Drive from us with thy tongue, O God, the man who doeth evil deeds,
     The mortal who would strike us dead.
33. Give shelter reaching far and wide to Bharadvaja, conquering Lord!
     Agni, send wealth most excellent.
34. May Agni slay the Vrtras,-fain for riches, through the lord of song,
     Served with oblation, kindled, bright.
35. His Father’s Father, shining in his Mother’s everlasting side,
     Set on the seat of holy Law.
36. O active Jatavedas, bring devotion that wins progeny, Agni, that it may shine to heaven.
37. O Child of Strength, to thee whose look is lovely we with dainty food,
     O Agni, have poured forth our songs.
38. To thee for shelter are we come, as to the shade from fervent heat
     Agni, who glitterest like gold.
39. Mighty as one who slays with shafts, or like a bull with sharpened horn,
     Agni, thou breakest down the forts.
40. Whom, like an infant newly born, devourer, in their arms they bear,
     Men’s Agni, skilled in holy rites.
41. Bear to the banquet of the Gods the God best finder-out of wealth,
     Let him he seated in his place.
42. In Jatavedas kindle ye the dear guest who hath now appeared
     In a soft place, the homestead’s Lord.
43. Harness, O Agni, O thou God, thy steeds which are most excellent:
     They bear thee as thy spirit wills.
44. Come hither, bring the Gods to us to taste the sacrificial feast,
     To drink the draught of Soma juice.
45. O Agni of the Bharatas, blaze high with everlasting might,
     Shine forth and gleam, Eternal One.
46. The mortal man who serves the God with banquet, and, bringing gifts at sacrifice, lauds Agni,
     May well attract, with prayer and hands uplifted, the Priest of Heaven and Earth, true Sacrificer.
47. Agni, we bring thee, with our hymn, oblation fashioned in the heart.
     Let these be oxen unto thee, let these be bulls and kine to thee.
48. The Gods enkindle Agni, best slayer of Vrtra, first in rank,
     The Mighty, One who brings us wealth and crushes down the Raksasas.

Mandala 6, Hymn 17

1. DRINK Soma, Mighty One, for which, when lauded, thou breakest through the cattle-stall, O Indra;
     Thou who, O Bold One, armed with thunder smotest Vrtra with might, and every hostile being.
2. Drink it thou God who art impetuous victor, Lord of our hymns, with beauteousjaws, the Hero,
     Render of kine-stalls, car-borne, thunder-wielding, so pierce thy way to wondrous strength, O Indra.
3. Drink as of old, and let the draught delight thee. hear thou our prayer and let our songs exalt thee.
     Make the Sun visible, make food abundant, slaughter the foes, pierce through and free the cattle.
4. These gladdening drops, O Indra, Self-sustainer, quaffed shall augment thee in thy mighty splendour.
     Yea, let the cheering drops delight thee greatly, great, perfect, strong, powerful, all-subduing.
5. Gladdened whereby, bursting the firm enclosures, thou gavest splendour to the Sun and Morning.
     The mighty rock that compassed in the cattle, ne’er moved, thou shookest from its seat, O Indra.
6. Thou with thy wisdom, power, and works of wonder, hast stored the ripe milk in the raw cows’ udders
     Unbarred the firm doors for the kine of Morning, and, with the Angirases, set free the cattle.
7. Thou hast spread out wide earth, a mighty marvel, and, high thyself, propped lofty heaven, O Indra.
     Both worlds, whose Sons are Gods, thou hast supported, young, Mothers from old time ofholy Order.
8. Yea, Indra, all the Deities installed thee their one strong Champion in the van for battle.
     What time the godless was the Gods’ assailant, Indra they chose to win the light of heaven.
9. Yea, e’en that heaven itself of old bent backward before thy bolt, in terror of its anger,
     When Indra, life of every living creature, smote down within his lair the assailing Dragon.
10. Yea, Strong One! Tvastar turned for thee, the Mighty, the bolt with thousand spikes and hundred edges,
     Eager and prompt at will, wherewith thou crushedst the boasting Dragon, O impetuous Hero.
11. He dressed a hundred buffaloes, O Indra, for thee whom all accordant Maruts strengthen.
     He, Pusan Visnu, poured forth three great vessels to him, the juice that cheers, that slaughters Vrtra.
12. Thou settest free the rushing wave of waters, the floods’ great swell encompassed and obstructed.
     Along steep slopes their course thou tumedst, Indra, directed downward, speeding to the ocean.
13. So may our new prayer bring thee to protect us, thee well-armed Hero with thy bolt of thunder,
     Indra, who made these worlds, the Strong, the ty, who never groweth old, the victory-giver.
14. So, Indra, form us brilliant holy singers for strength, for glory, and for food and riches.
     Give Bharadvaja hero patrons, Indra Indra, be ours upon the day of trial.
15. With this may we obtain strength God-appointed, and brave sons gladden us through a hundred winters.

Mandala 6, Hymn 18

1. GLORIFY him whose might is all-surpassing, Indra the much-invoked who fights uninjured.
     Magnify with these songs the never-vanquished, the Strong, the Bull of men, the Mighty Victor.
2. He, Champion, Hero, Warrior, Lord of battles, impetuous, loudly roaring, great destroyer,
     Who whirls the dust on high, alone, oerthrower, hath made all races of mankind his subjects.
3. Thou, thou alone, hast tamed the Dasyus; singly thou hast subdued the people for the Arya.
     In this, or is it not, thine hero exploit, Indra? Declare it at the proper season.
4. For true, I deem, thy strength is, thine the Mighty, thine, O Most Potent, thine the Conquering Victor;
     Strong, of the strong, Most Mighty, of the mighty, thine, driver of the churl to acts of bounty.
5. Be this our ancient bond of friendship with you and with Angirases here who speak of Vala.
     Thou, Wondrous, Shaker of things firm, didst smite him in his fresh strength, and force his doors and castles.
6. With holy thoughts must he be called, the Mighty, showing his power in the great fight with Vrtra.
     He must be called to give us seed and offspring, the Thunderer must he moved and sped to battle.
7. He in his might, with name that lives for ever, hath far surpassed all human generations.
     He, most heroic, hath his home with splendour, with glory and with riches and with valour.
8. Stranger to guile, who ne’er was false or faithless, bearing a name that may be well remembered,
     Indra crushed Cumuri, Dhuni, Sambara, Pipru, and Susna, that their castles fell in ruin.
9. With saving might that must be praised and lauded, Indra, ascend thy car to smite down Vrtra.
     In thy right hand hold fast thy bolt of thunder, and weaken, Bounteous Lord, his art and magic.
10. As Agni, as the dart burns the dry forest, like the dread shaft burn down the fiends, O Indra;
     Thou who with high deep-reaching spear hast broken, hast covered over mischief and destroyed it.
11. With wealth, by thousand paths come hither, Agni, paths that bring ample strength, O thou Most Splendid.
     Come, Son of Strength, o’er whom, Invoked of many! the godless hath no power to keep thee distant.
12. From heaven, from earth is bruited forth the greatness of him the firm, the fiery, the resplendent.
     No foe hath he, no counterpart, no refuge is there from him the Conqueror full of wisdom
13. This day the deed that thou hast done is famous, when thou, for him, with many thousand others
     Laidest low Kutsa, Ayu, Atithigva, and boldly didst deliver Turvayana.
14. In thee, O God, the wisest of the Sages, all Gods were joyful when thou slewest Ahi.
     When lauded for thyself, thou gavest freedom to sore-afflicted Heaven and to the people.
15. This power of thine both heaven and earth acknowledge, the deathless Gods acknowledge it, O Indra.
     Do what thou ne’er hast done, O Mighty Worker: beget a new hymn at thy sacrifices.

Mandala 6, Hymn 19

1. GREAT, hero-like controlling men is Indra, unwasting in his powers, doubled in vastness.
     He, turned to us, hath grown to hero vigour: broad, wide, he hath been decked by those who serve him.
2. The bowl made Indra swift to gather booty, the High, the Lofty, Youthful, Undecaying,
     Him who hath waxed by strength which none may conquer, and even at once grown to complete perfection.
3. Stretch out those hands of thine, extend to us-ward thy wide capacious arms, and grant us glory.
     Like as the household herdsman guards the cattle, so move thou round about us in the combat.
4. Now, fain for strength, let us invite your Indra hither, who lieth hidden with his Heroes,-
     Free from all blame, without reproach, uninjured, e’en as were those who sang, of old, his praises.
5. With steadfast laws, wealth-giver, strong through Soma, he hath much fair and precious food to feed us.
     In him unite all paths that lead to riches, like rivers that commingle with the ocean.
6. Bring unto us the mightiest might, O Hero, strong and most potent force, thou great Subduer!
     All splendid vigorous powers of men vouchsafe us, Lord of Bay Steeds, that they may make us joyful.
7. Bring us, grown mighty in its strength, O Indra, thy friendly rapturous joy that wins the battle,
     Wherewith by thee assisted and triumphant, we may laud thee in gaining seed and offspring.
8. Indra, bestow on us the power heroic skilled and exceeding strong, that wins the booty,
     Wherewith, by thine assistance, we may conquer our foes in battle, be they kin or stranger.
9. Let thine heroic strength come from behind us, before us, from above us or below us.
     From every side may it approach us, Indra. Give us the glory of the realm of splendour.
10. With most heroic aid from thee, like heroes Indra, may we win wealth by deeds glory.
     Thou, King, art Lord of earthly, heavenly treasure: vouchsafe us riches vast, sublime, and lasting.
11. The Bull, whose strength hath waxed, whom Maruts follow, free-giving Indra, the Celestial Ruler,
     Mighty, all-conquering, the victory-giver, him let us call to grant us new protection.
12. Give up the people who are high and haughty to these men and to me, O Thunder-wielder!
     Therefore upon the earth do we invoke thee, where heroes win, for sons and kine and waters.
13. Through these thy friendships, God invoked of many! may we be victors over every foeman.
     Slaying both kinds of foe, may we, O Hero, be happy, helped by thee, with ample riches.

Mandala 6, Hymn 20

1. GIVE us wealth, Indra, that with might, as heaven o’ertops the earth, o’ercomes our foes in battle
     Wealth that brings thousands and that wins the corn-lands, wealth, Son of Strength! that vanquishes the foeman.
2. Even as the power of Dyaus, to thee, O Indra, all Asura sway was by the Gods entrusted,
     When thou, Impetuous! leagued with Visnu, slewest Vrtra the Dragon who enclosed the waters.
3. Indra, Strong, Victor, Mightier than the mighty, addressed with prayer and perfect in his splendour,
     Lord of the bolt that breaketh forts in pieces, became the King of the sweet juice of Soma..
4. There, Indra, while the light was won, the Panis f1ed, ‘neath a hundred blows, for wise Dasoni,
     And greedy Susna’s magical devices nor left he any of their food remaining.
5. What time the thunder fell and Susna perished, all life’s support from the great Druh was taken.
     Indra made room for his car-drivcr Kutsa who sate beside him, when he gained the sunlight.
6. As the Hawk rent for him the stalk that gladdens, he wrenched the head from Namuci the Dasa.
     He guarded Nam, Sayya’s son, in slumber, and sated him with food, success, and riches.
7. Thou, thunder-armed, with thy great might hast shattered Pipru’s strong forts who knew the wiles of serpents.
     Thou gavest to thy worshipper Rjisvan imperishable Wealth, O Bounteous Giver.
8. The crafty Vetasu, the swift Dasni, and Tugra speedily with all his servants,
     Hath Indra, gladdening with strong assistance, forced near as ‘twere to glorify the Mother.
9. Resistless, with the hosts he battles, bearing in both his arms the Vrtra-slaying thunder.
     He mounts his Bays, as the car-seat an archer: yoked at a word they bear the lofty Indra.
10. May we, O Indra, gain by thy new favour: so Parus laud thee, with their sacrifices,
     That thou hast wrecked seven autumn forts, their shelter, slain Dasa tribes and aided Purukutsa.
11. Favouring Usana the son of Kavi, thou wast his ancient strengthener, O Indra.
     Thou gavest Navavastva. as a present, to the great father gavest back his grandson.
12. Thou, roaring Indra, drovest on the waters that made a roaring sound like rushing rivers,
     What time, O Hero, o’er the sea thou broughtest, in safety broughtest Turvasa and Yadu.
13. This Indra, was thy work in war: thou sentest Dhuni and Cumuri to sleep and slumber.
     Dabhiti lit the flame for thee, and worshipped with fuel, hymns, poured Soma, dressed oblations.

Mandala 6, Hymn 21

1. THESE the most constant singer’s invocations call thee who art to be invoked, O Hero;
     Hymns call anew the chariot-borne, Eternal: by eloquence men gain abundant riches.
2. I praise that Indra, known to all men, honoured with songs, extolled with hymns at sacrifices,
     Whose majesty, rich in wondrous arts, surpasseth the magnitude of earth, and heaven in greatness.
3. He hath made pathways, with the Sun to aid him, throughout the darkness that extended pathless.
     Mortals who yearn to worship ne’er dishonour, O Mighty God, thy Law who art Immortal.
4. And he who did these things, where is that Indra? among what tribes? what people doth he visit?
     What sacrifice contents thy mind , and wishes? What priest among them all? what hymn, O Indra?
5. Yea, here were they who, born of old, have served thee, thy friends of ancient time, thou active Worker.
     Bethink thee now of these, Invoked of many! the midmost and the recent, and the youngest.
6. Inquiring after him, thy later servants, Indra, have gained thy former old traditions.
     Hero, to whom the prayer is brought, we praise thee as great for that wherein we know thee mighty.
7. The demon’s strength is gathered fast against thee: great as that strength hath grown, go forth to meet it.
     With thine own ancient friend and companion, the thunderbolt, brave Champion! drive it backward.
8. Hear, too, the prayer of this thy present beadsman, O Indra, Hero, cherishing the singer.
     For thou wast aye our fathers’ Friend aforetime, still swift to listen to their supplication.
9. Bring to our help this day, for our protection, Varuna, Mitra , Indra, and the Maruts,
     Pusan and Visnu, Agni and Purandhi, Savitar also, and the Plants and Mountains.
10. The singers here exalt with hymns and praises thee who art very Mighty and Most Holy.
     Hear, when invoked, the invoker’s invocation. Beside thee there is nonelike thee, Immortal!
11. Now to my words come quickly thou who knowest, O Son of Strength, with all who claim our worship,
     Who visit sacred rites, whose tongue is Agni, Gods who made Manu stronger than the Dasyu.
12. On good and evil ways be thou our Leader, thou who art known to all as Path-preparer.
     Bring power to us, O Indra, with thy Horses, Steeds that are best to draw, broad-backed, unwearied.

Mandala 6, Hymn 22

1. WITH these my hymns I glorify that Indra who is alone to be invoked by mortals,
     The Lord, the Mighty One, of manly vigour, victorious, Hero, true, and full of wisdom.
2. Our sires of old,. Navagvas, sages seven, while urging him to show his might, extolled him,
     Dwelling on heights, swift, smiting down opponents, guileless in word, and in his thoughts most mighty.
3. We seek that Indra to obtain his riches that bring much food, and men, and store of heroes.
     Bring us, Lord of Bay Steeds, to make us joyful, celestial wealth, abundant, undecaying.
4. Tell thou us this, if at thy hand aforetime the earlier singers have obtained good fortune,
     What is thy share and portion, Strong Subduer, Asura-slayer, rich, invoked of many?
5. He who for car-borne Indra, armed with thunder, hath a hymn, craving, deeply-piercing, fluent,
     Who sends a song effectual, firmly-grasping, and strength-bestowing, he comes near the mighty.
6. Strong of thyself, thou by this art hast shattered, with thought-swift Parvata, him who waxed against thee,
     And, Mightiest! roaring! boldly rent in pieces things that were firmly fixed and never shaken.
7. Him will we fit for you with new devotion, the strongest Ancient One, in ancient manner.
     So may that Indra, boundless, faithful Leader, conduct us o’er all places hard to traverse.
8. Thou for the people who oppress hast kindled the earthly firmament and that of heaven.
     With heat, O Bull, on every side consume them: heat earth and flood for him who hates devotion.
9. Of all the Heavenly Folk, of earthly creatures thou art the King, O God of splendid aspect.
     In thy right hand, O Indra, grasp die thunder: Eternal! thou destroyest all enchantments.
10. Give us confirmed prosperity, O Indra, vast and exhaustless for the foe’s subduing.
     Strengthen therewith the Arya’s hate and Dasa’s, and let the arms of Nahusas be mighty.
11. Come with thy team which brings all blessings hither, Disposer, much-invoked, exceeding holy.
     Thou whom no fiend, no God can stay or hinder, come swittly with these Steeds in my direction.

Mandala 6, Hymn 23

1. THOU art attached to pressed-out Soma, Indra, at laud, at prayer, and when the hymn is chanted;
     Or when with yoked Bays, Maghavan, thou comest, O Indra, bearing in thine arms the thunder.
2. Or when on that decisive day thou holpest the presser of the juice at Vrtra’s slaughter;
     Or when thou, while the strong one feared, undaunted, gavest to death, Indra, the daring Dasyus.
3. Let Indra drink the pressed-out Soma, Helper and mighty Guide of him who sings his praises.
     He gives the hero room who pours oblations, and treasure even to the lowly singer.
4. E’en humble rites with his Bay steeds he visits: he wields the bolt, drinks Soma, gives us cattle.
     He makes the valiant rich in store of heroes, accepts our praise and hears the singer’s calling.
5. What he hath longed for we have brought to Indra, who from the days of old hath done us service.
     While Soma flows we will sing hymn, and laud him, so that our prayer may streng. then Indra’s vigour.
6. Thou hast made prayer the means of thine exalting, therefore we wait on thee with hymns, O Indra.
     May we, by the pressed Soma, Somadrinker! bring thee, with sacrifice, blissful sweet refreshment.
7. Mark well our sacrificial cake, delighted Indra, drink Soma and the milk commingled.
     Here on the sacrificer’s grass be seated: give ample room to thy devoted servant.
8. O Mighty One, be joyful as thou willest. Let these our sacrifices reach and find thee;
     And may this hymn and these our invocations turn thee, whom many men invoke, to help us.
9. Friends, when thejuices flow, replenish duly your own, your bounteous Indra with the Soma.
     Will it not aid him to support us? Indra. spares him who sheds the juice to win his favour.
10. While Soma flowed, thus Indra hath been lauded, Ruler of nobles, mid the Bharadvajas,
     That Indra may become the singer’s patron and give him wealth in every kind of treasure.

Mandala 6, Hymn 24

1. STRONG rapturous joy, praise, glory are with Indra: impetuous God, he quaffs the juice of Soma:
     That Maghavan whom men must laud with singing, Heaven-dweller, King of songs, whose help is lasting.
2. He, Friend of man, most wise, victorious Hero, hears, with far-reaching aid, the singer call him.
     Excellent, Praise of Men, the bard’s Supporter, Strong, he gives strength, extolled in holy synod.
3. The lofty axle of thy wheels, O Hero, is not surpassed by heaven and earth in greatness.
     Like branches of a tree, Invoked of many manifold aids spring forth from thee, O Indra.
4. Strong Lord, thine energies, endowed with vigour, are like the paths of kine converging homeward.
     Like bonds of cord, Indra, that bind the younglings, no bonds are they, O thou of boundless bounty.
5. One act to-day, another act tomorrow oft Indra makes what is not yet existeni.
     Here have we Mitra, Varuna, and Pusan to overcome the foeman’s domination.
6. By song and sacrifice men brought the waters from thee, as from a mountain’s ridge, O Indra.
     Urging thy might, with these fair lauds they seek thee, O theme of song, as horses rush tobattle.
7. That Indra whom nor months nor autumn seasons wither with age, nor fleeting days enfeeble,-
     Still may his body Wax, e’en now so mighty, glorified by the lauds and hymns that praise him.
8. Extolled, he bends not to the strong, the steadfast, nor to the bold incited by the Dasyu.
     High mountains are as level plains to Indra: even in the deep he finds firm ground to rest on.
9. Impetuous Speeder through all depth and distance, give strengthening food, thou drinker of the juices.
     Stand up erect to help us, unreluctant, what time the gloom of night brightens to morning.
10. Hasting to help, come hither and protect him, keep him from harm when he is here, O Indra.
     At home, abroad, from injury preserve him. May brave sons gladden us through a hundred winters.

Mandala 6, Hymn 25

1. WITH thine assistance, O thou Mighty Indra, be it the least, the midmost, or the highest,-
     Great with those aids and by these powers support us, Strong God! in battle that subdues our foemen.
2. With these discomfit hosts that fight against us, and check the opponent’s wrath, thyself uninjured.
     With these chase all our foes to every quarter: subdue the tribes of Dasas to the Arya.
3. Those who array themselves as foes to smite us, O Indra, be they kin or be they strangers,-
     Strike thou their manly strength that it be feeble, and drive in headlong flight our foemen backward.
4. With strength of limb the hero slays the hero, when bright in arms they range them for the combat.
     When two opposing hosts contend in battle for seed and offspring, waters, kine, or corn-lands.
5. Yet no strong man hath conquered thee, no hero, no brave, no warrior trusting in his valour.
     Not one of these is match for thee, O Indra. Thou far surpassest all these living creatures.
6. He is the Lord of both these armies’ valour when the commanders call them to the conflict:
     When with their ranks expanded they are fighting with a great foe or for a home with heroes.
7. And when the people stir themselves for battle, be thou their saviour, Indra, and protector,
     And theirs, thy manliest of our friends, the pious, the chiefs who have installed us priests, O Indra.
8. To thee for high dominion hath been for evermore, for slaughtering the Vrtras,
     All lordly power and might, O Holy Indra, given by Gods for victory in battle.
9. So urge our hosts together in the combats: yield up the godless bands that fight against us.
     Singing, at morn may we find thee with favour, yea, Indra, and e’en now, we Bharadvajas.

Mandala 6, Hymn 26

1. O INDRA, hear us. Raining down the Soma, we call on thee to win us mighty valour.
     Give us strong succour on the day of trial, when the tribes gather on the field of battle.
2. The warrior, son of warrior sire, invokes thee, to gain great strength that may be won as booty:
     To thee, the brave man’s Lord, the fiends’ subduer, he looks when fighting hand to hand for cattle.
3. Thou didst impel the sage to win the daylight, didst ruin Susna for the pious Kutsa.
     The invulnerable demon’s head thou clavest when thou wouldst win the praise of Atithigva.
4. The lofty battle-car thou broughtest forward; thou holpest Dasadyu the strong when fighting.
     Along with Vetasu thou slewest Tugra, and madest Tuji strong, who praised thee, Indra.
5. Thou madest good the laud, what time thou rentest a hundred thousand fighting foes, O Hero,
     Slewest the Dasa Sambara of the mountain, and with strange aids didst succour Divodasa.
6. Made glad with Soma-draughts and faith, thou sentest Cumuri to his sleep, to please Dabhiti.
     Thou, kindly giving Raji to Pithinas, slewest with might, at once, the sixty thousand.
7. May I too, with the liberal chiefs, O Indra, acquire thy blin supreme and domination,
     When, Mightiest! Hero-girt! Nahusa heroes boast them in thee, the triply-strong Defender.
8. So may we he thy friends, thy best beloved, O Indra, at this holy invocation.
     Best be Pratardani, illustrious ruler, in slaying foemen and in gaining riches.

Mandala 6, Hymn 27

1. WHAT deed hath Indra done in the wild transport, in quaffing or in friendship with, the Soma?
     What joys have men of ancient times or recent obtained within the chamber of libation?
2. In its wild joy Indra hath proved him faithful, faithful in quaffing, faithful in its friendship.
     His truth is the delight that in this chamber the men of old and recent times have tasted.
3. All thy vast power, O Maghavan, we know not, know not the riches of thy full abundance.
     No one hath seen that might of thine, productive of bounty every day renewed, O Indra.
4. This one great power of thine our eyes have witnessed, wherewith thou slewest Varasikha’s children,
     When by the force of thy descending thunder, at the mere solund, their boldest was demolished.
5. In aid of Abhyavartin Cayamana, Indra destroyed the seed of Varasikha.
     At Hariyupiya he smote the vanguard of the Vrcivans, and the rear fled frighted.
6. Three thousand, mailed, in quest of fame, together, on the Yavyavati, O much-sought Indra,
     Vrcivan’s sons, falling before the arrow, like bursting vessels went to their destruction.
7. He, whose two red Steers, seeking goodly pasture, plying their tongues move on ‘twixt earth and heaven,
     Gave Turvasa to Srnjaya, and, to aid him, gave the Vrcivans up to Daivavata.
8. Two wagon-teams, with damsels, twenty oxen, O Agni, Abhydvartin Cayamdna,
     The liberal Sovran, giveth me. This guerdon of Prthu’s seed is hard to win from others.

Mandala 6, Hymn 28

I. THE Kine have come and brought good fortune: let them rest in the cow-pen and be happy near us.
     Here let them stay prolific, many-coloured, and yield through many morns their milk for Indra.
2. Indra aids him who offers sacrifice and gifts: he takes not what is his, and gives him more thereto.
     Increasing ever more and ever more his wealth, he makes the pious dwell within unbroken bounds.
3. These are ne’er lost, no robber ever injures them: no evil-minded foe attempts to harass them.
     The master of the Kine lives many a year with these, the Cows whereby he pours his gifts and serves the Gods.
4. The charger with his dusty brow o’ertakes them not, and never to the shambles do they take their way.
     These Cows, the cattle of the pious worshipper, roam over widespread pasture where no danger is.
5. To me the Cows seem Bhaga, they seem Indra, they seem a portion of the first-poured Soma.
     These present Cows, they, O ye Indra. I long for Indra with my heart and spirit.
6. O Cows, ye fatten e’en the worn and wasted, and make the unlovely beautiful tolook on.
     Prosper my house, ye with auspicious voices. Your power is glorified in our assemblies.
7. Crop goodly pasturage and be prolific drink pure sweet water at good drinking places.
     Never be thief or sinful man your matter, and may the dart of Rudra still avoid you.
8. Now let this close admixture be close intermigled with these Cows,
     Mixt with the Steer’s prolific flow, and, Indra, with thy hero might.

Mandala 6, Hymn 29

1. YOUR men have followed Indra for his friendship, and for his loving-kindness glorified him.
     For he bestows great wealth, the Thunder-wielder: worship him, Great and Kind, to win his favour.
2. Him to whose hand, men closely cling, and drivers stand on his golden chariot firmly stationed.
     With his firm arms he holds the reins; his Horses, the Stallions, are yoked ready for the journey.
3. Thy devotees embrace thy feet for glory. Bold, thunder-armed, rich, through thy strength, in guerdon,
     Robed in a garment fair as heaven to look on, thou hast displayed thee like an active dancer.
4. That Soma when effused hath best consistence, for which the food is dressed and grain is mingled;
     By which the men who pray, extolling Indra chief favourites of Gods, recite their praises.
5. No limit of thy might hath been appointed, which by its greatness sundered earth and heaven.
     These the Prince filleth full with strong endeavour, driving, as ‘twere, with help his flocks to waters.
6. So be the lofty Indra prompt to listen, Helper unaided, golden-visored Hero.
     Yea, so may he, shown forth in might unequalled, smite down the many Vrtras and the Dasyus.

Mandala 6, Hymn 30

1. INDRA hath waxed yet more for hero prowess, alone, Eternal, he bestoweth treasures.
     Indra transcendeth both the worlds in greatness: one half of him equalleth earth and heaven.
2. Yea, mighty I esteem his Godlike nature: none hindereth what he hath once determined.
     Near and afar he spread and set the regions, and every day the Sun became apparent.
3. E’en now endures thine exploit of the Rivers, when, Indra, for their floods thou clavest passage.
     Like men who sit at meat the mountains settled: by thee, Most Wise! the regions were made steadfast.
4. This is the truth, none else is like thee, Indra, no God superior to thee, no mortal.
     Thou slewest Ahi who besieged the waters, and lettest loose the streams to hurry seaward.
5. Indra, thou breakest up the floods and portals on all sides, and the firmness of the mountain.
     Thou art the King of men, of all that liveth, engendering at once Sun, Heaven, and Morning.

Mandala 6, Hymn 31

1. SOLE Lord of wealth art thou, O Lord of riches: thou in thine hands hast held the people, Indra!
     Men have invoked thee with contending voices for seed and waters, progeny and sunlight.
2. Through fear of thee, O Indra, all the regions of earth, though naught may move them, shake and tremble.
     All that is firm is frightened at thy coming, -the earth, the heaven, the mountain, and the forest.
3. With Kutsa, Indra! thou didst conquer Susna, voracious, bane of crops, in fight for cattle.
     In the close fray thou rentest him: thou stolest the Sun’s wheel and didst drive away misfortunes.
4. Thou smotest to the ground the hundred castles, impregnable, of Sambara the Dasyu,
     When, Strong, with might thou holpest Divodasa who poured libations out, O Soma-buyer, and madest Bharadvaja rich who praised thee.
5. As such, true Hero, for great joy of battle mount thy terrific car, O Brave and Manly.
     Come with thine help to me, thou distant Roamer, and, glorious God, spread among men my glory.

Mandala 6, Hymn 32

1. I WITH my lips have fashioned for this Hero words never matched, most plentiful and auspicious,
     For him the Ancient, Great, Strong, Energetic, the very mighty Wielder of the Thunder.
2. Amid the sages, with the Sun he brightened the Parents: glorified, he burst the mountain;
     And, roaring with the holy-thoughted singers, he loosed the bond that held the beams of Morning.
3. Famed for great deeds, with priests who kneel and laud him, he still hath conquered in the frays for cattle,
     And broken down the forts, the Fort-destroyer, a Friend with friends, a Sage among the sages.
4. Come with thy girthed mares, with abundant vigour and plenteous strength to him who sings thy praises.
     Come hither, borne by mares with many heroes, Lover of song! Steer! for the people’s welfare.
5. Indra with rush and might, sped by his Coursers, hath swiftly won the waters from the southward.
     Thus set at liberty the rivers daily flow to their goal, incessant and exhaustless.

Mandala 6, Hymn 33

1. GIVE us the rapture that is mightiest, Indra, prompt to bestow and swift to aid, O Hero,
     That wins with brave steeds where brave steeds encounter, and quells the Vrtras and the foes in battle.
2. For with loud voice the tribes invoke thee, Indra, to aid them in the battlefield of heroes.
     Thou, with the singers, hast pierced through the Panis: the charger whom thou aidest wins the booty.
3. Both races, Indra, of opposing foemen, O Hero, both the Arya and the Dasa,
     Hast thou struck down like woods with well-shot lightnings: thou rentest them in fight, most manly Chieftain!
4. Indra, befriend us with no scanty succour, prosper and aid us, Loved of all that liveth,
     When, fighting for the sunlight, we invoke thee, O Hero, in the fray, in war’s division.
5. Be ours, O Indra, now and for the future, be graciously inclined and near to help us.
     Thus may we, singing, sheltered by the Mighty, win many cattle on the day of trial.

Mandala 6, Hymn 34

1. FULL Many songs have met in thee, O Indra, and many a noble thought from thee proceedeth.
     Now and of old the eulogies of sages, their holy hymns and lauds, have yearned for Indra.
2. He, praised of many, bold, invoked of many, alone is glorified at sacrifices.
     Like a car harnessed for some great achievement, Indra must be the cause of our rejoicing.
3. They make their way to Indra and exalt him, bim whom no prayers and no laudations trouble;
     For when a hundred or a thousand singers. laud him who loves the song their praise delights him.
4. As brightness mingles with the Moon in heaven, the offered Soma yearns to mix with Indra.
     Like water brought to men in desert places, our gifts at sacrifice have still refreshed him.
5. To him this mighty eulogy, to Indra hath this our laud been uttered by the poets,
     That in the great encounter with the foemen, Loved of all life, Indra may guard and help us.

Mandala 6, Hymn 35

1. WHEN shall our prayers rest in thy car beside thee? When dost thou give the singer food for thousands?
     When wilt thou clothe this poet’s laud with plenty, and when wilt thou enrich our hymns with booty?
2. When wilt thou gatber men with men, O Indra, heroes with heroes, and prevail in combat?
     Thou shalt win triply kine in frays for cattle, so, Indra, give thou us celestial glory.
3. Yea, when wilt thou, O Indra, thou Most Mighty, make the prayer all-sustaining for the singer?
     When wilt thou yoke, as we yoke songs, thy Horses, and come to offerings that bring wealth in cattle?
4. Grant to the Singer food with store of cattle, splendid with horses and the fame of riches.
     Send food to swell the milch-cow good at milking: bright be its shine among the Bharadvajas.
5. Lead otherwise this present foeman, Sakra! Hence art thou praised as Hero, foe destroyer
     Him who gives pure gifts may I praise unceasing. Sage, quicken the Angirases by devotion.

Mandala 6, Hymn 36

1. THY raptures ever were for all men’s profit: so evermore have been thine earthly riches.
     Thou still hast been the dealer-forth of vigour, since among Gods thou hast had power and Godhead.
2. Men have obtained his strength by sacrificing, and ever urged him, on to hero valour.
     For the rein-seizing, the impetuous Charger they furnished power even for Vrtra’s slaughter.
3. Associate with him, as teams of horses, help, manly might, and vigour follow Indra.
     As rivers reach the sea, so, strong with praises, our holy songs reach him the Comprehensive.
4. Lauded by us, let flow the spring, O Indra, of excellent and brightly-shining riches.
     For thou art Lord of men, without an equal: of all the world thou art the only Sovran.
5. Hear what thou mayst hear, thou who, fain for worship, as heaven girds earth, guardest thy servant’s treasure;
     Tlat thou mayst be our own, joying in power, famed through thy might in every generation.

Mandala 6, Hymn 37

1. LET thy Bay Horses, yoked, O mighty Indra, bring thy car hither fraught with every blessing.
     For thee, the Heavenly, e’en the poor invoketh: may we this day, thy feast-companions, prosper.
2. Forth to the vat the brown drops flow for service, and purified proceed directly forward.
     May Indra drink of this, our guest aforetime, Celestial King of the strong draught of Soma.
3. Bringing us hitherward all-potent Indra on well-wheeled chariot, may the Steeds who bear him
     Convey him on the road direct to glory, and ne’er may Vayu’s Amrta cease and fail him.
4. Supreme, he stirs this man to give the guerdon,-Indra, most efficacious of the princes,-
     Wherewith, O Thunderer, thou removest sorrow, and, Bold One! partest wealth among the nobles.
5. Indra is hewho gives enduring vigour: may our songs magnify the God Most Mighty.
     Best Vrtra-slayer be the Hero Indra these things he gives as Prince, with strong endeavour.

Mandala 6, Hymn 38

1. HE hath drunk hence, Most Marvellous, and carried away our great and splendid call on Indra.
     The Bounteous, when we serve the Gods, accepteth song yet more famous and the gifts we bring him.
2. The speaker filleth with a cry to Indra his ears who cometh nigh e’en from a distance.
     May this my call bring Indra to my presence, this call to Gods composed in sacred verses.
3. Him have I sung with my best song and praises, Indra of ancient birth and Everlasting.
     For prayer and songs in him are concentrated: let laud wax mighty when addressed to Indra:
4. Indra, whom sacrifice shall strengthen, Soma, and song and hymn, and praises and devotion,
     Whom Dawns shall strengthen when the night departeth, Indra whom days shall strengthen, months, and autumns.
5. Him, born for conquering might in full perfection, and waxen strongfor bounty and for glory,
     Great, Powerful, will we to-day, O singer, invite to aid. us and to quell our foemen.

Mandala 6, Hymn 39

1. OF this our charming, our celestial Soma, eloquent, wise, Priest, with inspired devotion,
     Of this thy close attendant, hast thou drunken. God, send the singer food with milk to grace it.
2. Craving the kine, rushing against the mountain led on by Law, with holyminded comrades,
     He broke the never-broken ridge of Vala. With words of might Indra subdued the Panis.
3. This Indu lighted darksome nights, O Indra, throughout the years, at morning and at evening.
     Him have they stablished as the days’ bright ensign. He made the Mornings to be born in splendour.
4. He shone and caused to shme the worlds that shone not. By Law he lighted up the host of Mornings.
     He moves with Steeds yoked by eternal Order, contenting men with nave that finds the sunlight.
5. Now, praised, O Ancient King! fill thou the singer with plenteous food that he may deal forth treasures.
     Give waters, herbs that have no poison, forests, and kine, and steeds, and men, to him who lauds thee.

Mandala 6, Hymn 40

1. DRINK, Indra; juice is shed to make thee joyful: loose thy Bay Steeds and give thy friends their freedom.
     Begin the song, seated in our assembly. Give strength for sacrifice to him who singeth.
2. Drink thou of this whereof at birth, O Indra, thou drankest, Mighty One for power and rapture.
     The men, the pressing-stones, the cows, the waters have made this Soma ready for thy drinking.
3. The fire is kindled, Soma pressed, O Indra: let thy Bays, best to draw, convey thee hither.
     With mind devoted, Indra, I invoke thee. Come, for our great prosperity approach us.
4. Indra, come hither: evermore thou camest through our great strong desire to drink the Soma.
     Listen and hear the prayers which now we offer, and let this sacrifice increase thy vigour.
5. Mayst thou, O Indra, on the day of trial, present or absent, wheresoe’er thou dwellest,
     Thence, with thy team, accordant with the Maruts, Song-lover! guard our sacrifice, to help us.

Mandala 6, Hymn 41

1. COME gracious to our sacrifice, O Indra: pressed Soma-drops are purified to please thee.
     As cattle seek their home, so Thunderwielder, come, Indra, first of those who claim our worship.
2. With that well-formed most wide-extending palate, wherewith thou ever drinkest streams of sweetness,
     Drink thou; the Adhvaryu standeth up before thee: let thy spoil-winning thunderbolt attend thee.
3. This drop, steer-strong and omniform, the Soma, hath been made ready for the Bull, for India.
     Drink this, Lord of the Bays, thou Strong Supporter, this that is thine of old, thy food for ever.
4. Soma when pressed excels the unpressed Soma, better, for one who knows, to give him pleasure.
     Come to this sacrifice of ours, O Victor replenish all thy powers with this libation.
5. We call on thee, O Indra: come thou hither: sufficient be the Soma for thy body.
     Rejoice thee, Satakratu! in the juices guard us in wars, guard us among our people.

Mandala 6, Hymn 42

1. BRING sacrificial gifts to him, Omniscient, for he longs to drink,
     The Wanderer who comes with speed, the Hero ever in the van.
2. With Soma go ye nigh to him chief drinker of the Soma’s juice:
     With beakers to the Impetuous God, to Indra with the drops effused.
3. What time, with Soma, with the juice effused, ye come before the God,
     Full wise he knows the hope of each, and, Bold One, strikes this foe and that.
4. To him, Adhvaryu! yea, to him give offerings of the juice expressed.
     Will he not keep us safely from the spiteful curse of each presumptuous high-born foe?

Mandala 6, Hymn 43

1. IN whose wild joy thou madest once Sambara Divodasa’s prey,
     This Soma is pressed out for thee, O Indra: drink!
2. Whose gladdening draught, shed from the points, thou guardest in the midst and end,
     This Soma is pressed out for thee, O Indra drink!
3. In whose wild joy thou settest free the kine held fast within the rock,
     This Soma is pressed out for thee, O Indra: drink!
4. This, in whose juice delighting thou gainest the might of Maghavan,
     This Soma is pressed out for thee, O Indra drink!

Mandala 6, Hymn 44

1. THAT which is wealthiest, Wealthy God in splendoursmost illustrious,
     Soma is pressed: thy gladdening draught, Indra! libation’s Lord! is this.
2. Effectual, Most Effectual One! thine, as bestowing wealth of hymns,
     Soma is pressed: thy gladdening draught, Indra! libation’s Lord! is this.
3. Wherewith thou art increased in strength, and conquerest with thy proper aids,
     Soma is pressed: thy gladdening draught, Indra! libation’s Lord! is this.
4. Him for your sake I glorify as Lord of Strength who wrongeth none,
     The Hero Indra, conquering all, Most Bounteous, God of all the tribes.
5. Those Goddesses, both Heaven and Earth, revere the power and might of him,
     Him whom our songs increase in strength, the Lord of bounty swift to come.
6. To seat your Indra, I will spread abroad with power this song of praise.
     The saving succours that abide in him, like songs, extend and grow.
7. A recent Friend, he found the skilful priest: he drank, and showed forth treasure from the Gods.
     He conquered, borne by strong all-shaking mares, and was with far-spread power his friends’ Protector.
8. In course of Law the sapient juice was quaffed: the Deities to glory turned their mind.
     Winning through hymns a lofty title, he, the Lovely, made his beauteous form apparent.
9. Bestow on us the most illustrious strength ward off men’s manifold malignities.
     Give with thy might abundant vital force, and aid us graciously in gaining riches.
10. We turn to thee as Giver, liberal Indra. Lord of the Bay Steeds, be not thou ungracious.
     No friend among mankind have we to lookto: why have men called thee him who spurs the niggard?
11. Give us not up, Strong Hero! to the hungry: unharmed be we whom thou, so rich, befriendest.
     Full many a boon hast thou for men demolish those who present no gifts nor pour oblations.
12. As Indra thundering impels the rain-clouds, so doth he send us store of kine and horses.
     Thou art of old the Cherisher of singers let not the rich who bring no gifts deceive thee.
13. Adbyaryu, hero, bring to mighty Indrafor he is King thereof-the pressed-out juices;
     To him exalted by the hymns and praises, ancient and modern, of the singing Rsis.
14. In the wild joy of this hath Indra, knowing full many a form, struck down resistless Vrtras.
     Proclaim aloud to him the savoury Soma so that the Hero, strong of jaw, may drink it.
15. May Indra drink this Soma poured to please him, and cheered therewith slay Vrtra with his thunder.
     Come to our sacrifice even from a distance, good lover of our songs, the bard’s Supporter.
16. The cup whence Indra drinks the draught is present: the Amrta dear to Indra hath been drunken,
     That it may cheer the God to gracious favour, and keep far from us hatred and affliction.
17. Therewith enraptured, Hero, slay our foemen, the unfriendly, Maghavan be they kin or strangers,
     Those who still aim their hostile darts to smite us, turn them to flight, O Indra, crush and kill them.
18. O Indra Maghavan, in these our battles win easy paths for us and ample freedom.
     That we may gain waters and seed and offspring, set thou our princes on thy side, O Indra.
19. Let thy Bay Stallions, harnessed, bring thee hither, Steeds with strong chariot and strong reins to hold them,
     Strong Horses, speeding hither, bearing thunder, well-harnessed, for the strong exciting potion.
20. Beside the vat, Strong God! stand thy strong Horses, shining with holy oil, like waves exulting.
     Indra, they bring to thee, the Strong and Mighty, Soma of juices shed by mighty press-stones.
21. Thou art the Bull of earth, the Bull of heaven, Bull of the rivers, Bull of standing waters.
     For thee, the Strong, O Bull, hath Indu swollen. juice pleasant, sweet to drink, for thine election.
22. This God, with might, when first he had his being, with Indra for ally, held fast the Pani.
     This Indu stole away the warlike weapons, and foiled the arts of his malignant father.
23. The Dawns he wedded to a glorious Consort, and set within the Sun the light that lights him.
     He found in heaven, in the third lucid regions, the threefold Amrta in its close concealment.
24. He stayed and held the heaven and earth asunder: the chariot with the sevenfold reins he harnessed.
     This Soma Set with power within the milch-kine a spring whose ripe contents ten fingers empty.

Mandala 6, Hymn 45

1. THAT Indra is our youthful Friend, who with his trusty guidance led
     Turvasa, Yadu from afar.
2. Even to the dull and uninspired Indra, gives vital power, and wins
     Even with slow steed the offered prize.
3. Great are his ways of guiding us, and!nanilbld are Ins eulogies:
     His kind protections never fail.
4. Friends, sing your psalm and offer praise to him to whom the prayer is brought:
     For our great Providence is he.
5. Thou, Slaughterer of Vrtra, art Guardian and Friend of one and two,
     Yea, of a man like one of us.
6. Beyond men’s hate thou leadest us, and givest cause to sing thy praise:
     Good hero art thou called by men.
7. I call with hymns, as ‘twere a cow to milk, the Friend who merits praise,
     The Brahman who accepts the prayer.
8. Him in whose hands they say are stored all treasures from the days of old,
     The Hero, conquering in the fight.
9. Lord of Strength, Caster of the Stone, destroy the firm forts built by men,
     And foil their arts, unbending God!
10. Thee, thee as such, O Lord of Power, O Indra, Soma-drinker, true,
     We, fain for glory, have invoked.
11. Such as thou wast of old, and art now to be called on when the prize
     lies ready, listen to our call.
12. With hymns and coursers we will gain, Indra, through thee, both steeds and spoil
     Most glorious, and the proffered prize.
13. Thou, Indra, Lover of the Song, whom men must stir to help, hast been
     Great in the contest for the prize.
14. Slayer of foes, whatever aid of thine imparts the swiftest course,
     With that impel our car to speed.
15. As skilfullest of those who drive the chariot, with our art and aim,
     O Conqueror, win the proffered prize.
16. Praise him who, Matchless and Alone, was born the Lord of living men,
     Most active, with heroic soul.
17. Thou who hast been the singers’ Friend, a Friend auspicious with thine aid,
     As such, O Indra, favour us.
18. Grasp in thine arms the thunderbolt, O Thunder-armed, to slay the fiends:
     Mayst thou subdue the foemen’s host.
19. I call the ancient Friend, allied with wealth, who speeds the lowly man,
     Him to whom chiefly prayer is brought.
20. For he alone is Lord of all the treasures of the earth: he speeds
     Hither, chief Lover of the Song.
21. So with thy yoked teams satisfy our wish with power and wealth in steeds
     And cattle, boldly, Lord of kine!
      22 Sing this, what time the ‘ juice is pressed, to him your Hero, Much-invoked,
     To please him as a mighty Steer.
23. He, Excellent, withholdeth not his gift of power and wealth in kine,
     When he hath listened to our songs.
24. May he with might unclose for us the cow’s stall, whosesoe’er it be,
     To which the Dasyu-slayer goes.
25. O Indra Satakratu, these our songs have called aloud to thee,
     Like mother cows to meet their calves.
26. Hard is thy love to win: thou art a Steer to him who longs for steers:
     Be to one craving steeds a Steed.
27. Delight thee with the juice we pour for thine own great munificence:
     Yield not thy singer to reproach.
28. These songs with every draught we pour come, Lover of the Song, to thee,
     As milch-kine hasten to their young
29. To thee most oft invoked, amid the many singers’ rivalry
     Who beg with all their might for wealth.
30. Nearest and most attractive may our laud, O Indra come to thee.
     Urge thou us on to ample wealth.
31. Brbu hath set himself above the Panis, o’er their highest head,
     Like the wide bush on Ganga’s bank.
32. He whose good bounty, thousandfold, swift as the rushing of the wind,
     Suddenly offers as a gift.
33. So all our singers ever praise the pious Brbu’s noble deed,
     Chief, best to give his thousands, best to give a thousand liberal gifts.

Mandala 6, Hymn 46

1. THAT we may win us wealth and power we poets, verily, call on thee:
     In war men call on thee, Indra, the hero’s Lord, in the steed’s race-course call on thee.
2. As such, O Wonderful, whose hand holds thunder, praised as mighty, Caster of the Stone!
     Pour on us boldly, Indra, kine and chariotsteeds, ever to be the conqueror’s strength.
3. We call upon that Indra, who, most active, ever slays the foe:
     Lord of the brave, Most Manly, with a thousand powers, help thou and prosper us in fight.
4. Rcisama, thou forcest men as with a bull, with anger, in the furious fray.
     Be thou our Helper in the mighty battle fought for sunlight, water, and for life.
5. O Indra, bring us name and fame, enriching, mightiest, excellent,
     Wherewith, O Wondrous God, fair-visored, thunder-armed, thou hast filled full this earth and heaven.
6. We call on thee, O King, Mighty amid the Gods, Ruler of men, to succour us.
     All that is weak in us, Excellent God, make firm: make our foes easy to subdue.
7. All strength and valour that is found, Indra, in tribes of Nahusas, and all the splendid fame that the Five Tribes enjoy
     Bring, yea, all manly powers at once.
8. Or, Maghavan, what vigorous strength in Trksi lay, in Druhyus or in Paru’s folk,
     Fully bestow on us, that, in the conquering fray, we may subdue our foes in fight.
9. O Indra, grant a happy home, a triple refuge triply strong.
     Bestow a dwelling-place on the rich lords and me, and keep thy dart afar from these.
10. They who with minds intent on spoil subdue the foe, boldly attack and smite him down,-
     From these, O Indra Maghavan who lovest song, be closest guardian of our lives.
11. And now, O Indra, strengthen us: come near and aid us in the fight,
     What time the feathered shafts are flying in the air, the arrows with their sharpened points.
12. Give us, where heroes strain their bodies in the fight, the shelter that our fathers loved.
     To us and to our sons give refuge: keep afar all unobserved hostility.
13. When, Indra, in the mighty fray thou urgest chargers to their speed,
     On the uneven road and on a toilsome path, like falcons, eager for renown,
14. Speeding like rivers rushing down a steep descent, responsive to the urging call,
     That come like birds attracted to the bait, held in by reins in both the driver’s hands.

Mandala 6, Hymn 47

1. YEA, this is good to taste and full of. sweetness, verily it is strong and rich in flavour.
     No one may conquer Indra in the battle when he hath drunken of the draught we offer.
2. This sweet juice here had mightiest power to gladden: it boldened Indra when he siaughtered Vrtra,
     When he defeated Sambara’s many onslaughts, and battered down his nineand ninety ramparts.
3. This stirreth up my voice when I have drunk it: this hath aroused from sleep my yearning spirit.
     This Sage hath measured out the six expanses from which no single creature is excluded.
4. This, even this, is he who hath created the breadth of earth, the lofty height of heaven.
     He formed the nectar in three headlong rivers. Soma supports the wide mid-air above us.
5. He found the wavy sea of brilliant colours in forefront of the Dawns who dwell in brightness.
     This Mighty One, the Steer begirt by Maruts, hath propped the heavens up with a mighty pillar.
6. Drink Soma boldly from the beaker, Indra, in war for treasures, Hero, Vrtra-slayer!
     Fill thyself full at the mid-day libation, and give us wealth, thou Treasury of riches.
7. Look out for us, O Indra, as our Leader, and guide us on to gain yet goodlier treasure.
     Excellent Guardian, bear us well through peril, and lead us on to wealth with careful guidance.
8. Lead us to ample room, O thou who knowest, to happiness, security, and sunlight.
     High, Indra, are the arms of thee the Mighty: may we betake. us to their lofty shelter.
9. Set us on widest chariot-seat, O Indra, with two steeds best to draw, O Lord of Hundreds!
     Bring us the best among all sorts of viands: let not the foe’s wealth, Maghavan, subdue us.
10. Be gracious, Indra, let my days be lengthened: sharpen my thought as ‘twere a blade of iron
     Approve whatever words I speak, dependent on thee, and grant me thy divine protection.
11. Indra the Rescuer, Indra the Helper, Hero who listens at each invocation,
     Sakra I call, Indra invoked of many. May Indra Maghavan prosper and bless us.
12. May helpful Indra as our good Protector, Lord of all treasures, favour us with succour,
     Baffle our foes, and give us rest and safety, and may we be the lords of hero vigour.
13. May we enjoy the grace of him the Holy, yea, may we dwell in his auspicious favour.
     May helpful Indra as our good Preserver drive from us, even from afar, our foemen.
14. Like rivers rushing down a slope, O Indra, to thee haste songs and prayers and linked verses.
     Thou gatherest, Thunderer! like widespread bounty, kine, water, drops, and manifold libations.
15. Who lauds him, satisfies him, pays him worship? E’en the rich noble still hath found him mighty.
     With power, as when one moves his feet alternate, he makes the last precede, the foremost follow.
16. Famed is the Hero as each strong man’s tamer, ever advancing one and then another.
     King of both worlds, hating the high and haughty, Indra protects the men who are his people.
17. He loves no more the men he loved aforetime: he turns and moves away allied with others.
     Rejecting those who disregard his worship, Indra victorious lives through many autumns.
18. In every figure he hath been the mode: this is his only form for us to look on.
     Indra moves multiform by his illusions; for his Bay Steeds are yoked, ten times a hundred.
19. Here Tvastar, yoking to the car the Bay Steeds, hath extended sway.
     Who will for ever stand upon the foeman’s side, even when our princes sit at ease?
20. Gods, we have reached a country void of pasture the land, though spacious, was too small to hold us.
     Brhaspati, provide in war for cattle; find a path, Indra, for this faithful singer.
21. Day after day far from their seat he drove them, alike, from place to place, those darksome creatures.
     The Hero slew the meanly-huckstering Dasas, Varcin and Sambara, where the waters gather.
22. Out of thy bounty, Indra, hath Prastoka bestowed ten coffers and ten mettled horses.
     We have received in turn from Divodasa Sambara’s wealth, the gift of Atithigva.
23. Ten horses and ten treasure-chests, ten garments as an added gift,
     These and ten lumps of gold have I received from Divodasa’s hand.
24. Ten cars with extra steed to each, for the Atharvans hundred cows,
     Hath Asvatha to Payu given.
25. Thus Srnjaya’s son honoured the Bharadvajas, recipients of all noble gifts and bounty.
26. Lord of the wood, be firm and strong in body: be, bearing us, a brave victorious hero
     Show forth thy strength, compact with straps of leather, and let thy rider win all spoils of battle.
27. Its mighty strength was borrowed from the heaven and earth: its conquering force was brought from sovrans of the wood.
     Honour with holy gifts the Car like Indra’s bolt, the Car bound round with straps, the vigour of the floods.
28. Thou Bolt of Indra, Vanguard of the Maruts, close knit to Varuna and Child of Mitra,-
     As such, accepting gifts which here we offer, receive, O Godlike Chariot, these oblations.
29. Send forth thy voice aloud through earth and heaven, and let the world in all its breadth regard thee;
     O Drum, accordant with the Gods and Indra, drive thou afar, yea, very far, our foemen.
30. Thunder out strength and fill us full of vigour: yea, thunder forth and drive away all dangers.
     Drive hence, O War-drum, drive away misfortune: thou art the Fist of Indra: show thy firmness.
31. Drive hither those, and these again bring hither: the War-drum speaks aloud as battle’s signal.
     Our heroes, winged with horses, come together. Let our car-warriors, Indra, be triumphant.

Mandala 6, Hymn 48

1. SING to your Agni with each song, at every sacrifice, for strength.
     Come, let us praise the Wise and Everlasting God, even as a well-beloved Friend,
2. The Son of Strength; for is he not our gracious Lord? Let us serve him who bears our gifts.
     In battle may he be our help and strengthener, yea, be the saviour of our lives.
3. Agni, thou beamest forth with light, great Hero, never changed by time.
     Shining, pure Agni! with a light that never fades, beam with thy fair beams brilliantly.
4. Thou worshippest great Gods: bring them without delay by wisdom and thy wondrous power.
     O Agni, make them turn hither to succour us. Give strength, and win it for thyself.
5. He whom floods, stones, and trees support, the offspring of eternal Law;
     He who when rubbed with force is brought to life by men upon the lofty height of earth;
6. He who hath filled both worlds fult with his brilliant shine, who hastens with his smoke to heaven;
     He made himself apparent through the gloom by night, the Red Bull in the darksome nights, the Red Bull in the darksome nights.
7. O Agni, with thy lofty beams, with thy pure brilliancy, O God,
     Kindled, Most Youthful One! by Bharadvaja’s hand, shine on us, O pure God, with wealth, shine, Purifier! splendidly.
8. Thou art the Lord of house and home of all the tribes, O Agni, of all tribes of men.
     Guard with a hundred forts thy kindler from distress, through hundred winters, Youngest God! and those who make thy singers rich.
9. Wonderful, with thy favouring help, send us thy bounties, gracious Lord.
     Thou art the Charioteer, Agni, of earthly wealth: find rest and safety for our seed.
10. With guards unfailing never negligent speed thou our children and our progeny.
     Keep far from us, O Agni, all celestial wrath and wickedness of godless men.
11. Hither, O friends, with newest song drive her who freely pours her milk;
     Loose her who never turns away;
12. Who, for the host of Maruts bright with native sheen, hath shed immortal fame like milk;
     Whom the impetuous Maruts look upon with love, who moves in splendour on their ways.
13. For Bharadvaja she poured down in days of old
     The milch-cow yielding milk for all, and food that gives all nourishment.
14. Your friend like Indra passing wise, with magic power like Varuna.
     Like Aryaman joy-giving, bringing plenteous food like ViSnxu for my wish, I praise,
15. Bright as the host of Maruts mighty in their roar. May they bring Pusan free from foes;
     May they bring hither hundreds, thousands for our men: may they bring hidden stores to light, and make wealth easy to be found.
16. Haste to me, Pusan, in thine car, bright Deity: I fain would speak:
     Most sinful is our foeman’s hate.
17. Tear not up by the roots the Kakambira tree: destroy thou all malignity.
     Let them not snare by day the neck of that Celestial Bird the Sun.
18. Uninjured let thy friendship be, like the smooth surface of a skin,
     A flawless skin, containing curds, full to the mouth, containing curds.
19. For thou art high above mankind, in glory equal to the Gods.
     Therefore, O Pusan, look upon us in the fight: now help us as in days of old.
20. May the kind excellence of him the Kind, loud Roarers! be our guide,
     Be it the God’s, O Maruts, or a mortal man’s who worships, ye impetuous Ones!
21. They whose high glory in a moment like the God, the Sun, goes round the space of heaven,
     The Maruts have obtained bright strength, a sacred name, strength that destroys the Vrtras, strength Vrtra-destroying excellent.
22. Once, only once, the heaven was made, once only once, the earth was formed-
     Once, only Prsni’s milk was shed: no second, after this, is born.

Mandala 6, Hymn 49

1. I LAUD with newest songs the Righteous People, Mitra and Varuna who make us happy.
     Let them approach, here let them listen,Agni, Varuna, Mitra, Lords of fair dominion.
2. Him, to be praised at each tribe’s sacrifices, the Two young Matrons’ sober-minded Herald,
     The Son of Strength, the Child of Heaven, the signal of sacrifice, red Agni will I worship.
3. Unlike in form are the Red God’s two Daughters: one is the Sun’s, and stars bedeck the other.
     Apart, the Sanctifiers, in succession, come to the famed hymn, praised in holy verses.
4. I with a lofty song call hither Vayu, all-bounteous, filler of his car, most wealthy.
     Thou, Sage, with bright path, Lord of harnessed horses, impetuous, promptly honourest the prudent.
5. That chariot of the Asvins, fair to look on, pleaseth me well, yoked with a thought, refulgent,
     Wherewith, Nasatyas, Chiefs, ye seek our dwelling, to give new strength to us and to our children.
6. Bulls of the Earth, O Vata and Parjanya, stir up for us the regions of the water.
     Hearers of truth, ye, Sages, World-Supporters, increase his living wealth whose songs delight you.
7. So may Sarasvati, the Hero’s Consort, brisk with rare life, the lightning’s Child, inspire us,
     And, with the Dames accordant, give the singer a refuge unassailable and flawless.
8. I praise with eloquence him who guards all pathways. He, when his love impelled him, went to Arka.
     May he vouchsafe us gear with gold to grace it: may Pusan make each prayer of ours efective.
9. May Herald Agni, fulgent, bring for worship Tvastar adored, in homes and swift to listen,
     Glorious, first to share, the life-bestower, the ever active God, fair-armed, fair-handed.
10. Rudra by day, Rudra at night we honour with these our songs, the Universe’s Father.
     Him great and lofty, blissful, undecaying let us call specially as the Sage impels us.
11. Ye who are youthful, wise, and meet for worship, come, Martits, to the longing of the singer.
     Coming, as erst to Angiras, O Heroes, ye animate and quicken e’en the desert.
12. Even as the herdsman driveth home his cattle, I urge my songs to him the strong swift Hero
     May he, the glorious, lay upon his body the singer’s hymns, as stars bedeck the heaven.
13. He who for man’s behoof in his afiliction thrice measured out the earthly regions, Visnu-
     When one so great as thou affordeth shelter, may we with wealth and with ourselves be happy.
14. Sweet be this song of mine to Ahibudhnya, Parvata, Savitar, with Floods and Lightnings;
     Sweet, with the Plants, to Gods who seek oblations. May liberal Bhaga speed us on to riches.
15. Give riches borne on cars, with many heroes, contenting men, the guard of mighty Order.
     Give us a lasting home that we may battle with godless bands of men who fight against us, and meet with tribes to whom the Gods are gracious.

Mandala 6, Hymn 50

1. I CALL with prayers on Aditi your Goddess, on Agni, Mitra, Varuna for favour,
     On Aryaman who gives unasked, the gracious, on Gods who save, on Savitar and Bhaga.
2. Visit, to prove us free from sin, O Surya Lord of great might, the bright Gods sprung from Daksa,
     Twice-born and true, observing sacred duties, Holy and full of light, whose tongue is Agni.
3. And, O ye Heaven and Earth, a wide dominion, O ye most blissful Worlds, our lofty shelter,
     Give ample room and freedom for our dwelling, a home, ye Hemispheres, which none may rival.
4. This day invited may the Sons of Rudra, resistless, excellent, stoop down to meet us;
     For, when beset with slight or sore affliction, we ever call upon the Gods, the Maruts;
5. To whom the Goddess Rodasi clings closely, whom Pusan follows bringing ample bounty.
     What time ye hear our call and come, O Maruts, upon your separate path all creatures tremble.
6. With a new hymn extol, O thou who singest, the Lover of the Song, the Hero Indra.
     May he, exalted, hear our invocation, and grant us mighty wealth and strength when lauded.
7. Give full protection, Friends of man, ye Waters, in peace and trouble, to our sons and grandsons.
     For ye are our most motherly physicians, parents of all that standeth, all that moveth.
8. May Savitar come hither and approach us, the God who rescues, Holy, goldenhanded,
     The God who, bounteous as the face of Morning, discloses precious gifts for him who worships.
9. And thou, O Son of Strength, do thou turn hither the Gods to-day to this our holy service.
     May I for evermore enjoy thy bounty and, Agni, by thy grace be rich in heroes.
10. Come also to my call, O ye Nasatyas, yea, verily, through my prayers, ye Holy Sages.
     As from great darkness ye delivered Atri, protect us, Chiefs, from danger in the conflict.
11. O Gods, bestow upon us riches, splendid with strength and heroes, bringing food in plenty.
     Be gracious, helpful Gods of earth, of heaven, born of the Cow, and dwellers in the waters.
12. May Rudra and Sarasvati, accordant, Visnu and Vayu, pour down gifts and bless us;
     Rbhuksan, Vaja, and divine Vidhatar, Parjanya, Vata make our food abundant.
13. May this God Savitar, the Lord, the Offspring of Waters, pouring down his dew be gracious,
     And, with the Gods and Dames accordant, Tvastar; Dyaus with the Gods and Prthivi with oceans.
14. May Aja-Ekapad and Ahibudhnya, and Earth and Ocean hear our invocation;
     All Gods who strengthen Law, invoked and lauded, and holy texts uttered by sages, help us.
15. So with my thoughts and hymns of praise the children of Bharadvaja sing aloud to please you.
     The Dames invoked, and the resistless Vasus, and all ye Holy Ones have been exalted.

Mandala 6, Hymn 51

1. THAT mighty eye of Varuna and Mitra, infallible and dear, is moving upward.
     The pure and lovely face of holy Order hath shone like gold of heaven in its arising.
2. The Sage who knows these Gods’ three ranks and orders, and all their generations near and distant,
     Beholding good and evil acts of mortals, Sura marks well the doing of the pious.
3. I praise you Guards of mighty Law eternal, Aditi, Mitra, Varuna, the noble,
     Aryaman, Bhaga, all whose thoughts are faithful: hither I call the Bright who share in common.
4. Lords of the brave, infallible, foe-destroyers, great Kings, bestowers of fair homes to dwell in,
     Young, Heroes, ruling heaven with strong dominion, Adityas, Aditi I seek with worship.
5. O Heaven our Father, Earth our guileless Mother, O Brother Agni, and ye Vasus, bless us.
     Grant us, O Aditi and ye Adityas, all of one mind, your manifold protection.
6. Give us not up to any evil creature, as spoil to wolf or she-wolf, O ye Holy.
     For ye are they who guide aright our bodies, ye are the rulers of our speech and vigour.
7. Let us not suffer for the sin of others, nor do the deed which ye, O Vasus, punish.
     Ye, Universal Gods! are all-controllers: may he do harm unto himself who hates Me.
8. Mighty is homage: I adopt and use it. Homage hath held in place the earth and heaven.
     Homage to Gods! Homage commands and rules them. I banish even committed sin by homage
9. You Furtherers of Law, pure in your spirit, infallible, dwellers in the home of Order,
     To you all Heroes mighty and far-seeing I bow me down, O Holy Ones, with homage.
10. For these are they who shine with noblest splendour; through all our troubles these conduct us safely-
     Varuna, Mitra, Agni, mighty Rulers, trueminded, faithful to the hymn’s controllers.
11. May they, Earth, Aditi, Indra, Bhaga, Pusan increase our laud, increase the Fivefold people.
     Giving good help, good refuge, goodly guidance, be they our good deliverers, good protectors.
12. Come now, O Gods, to your celestial station: the Bharadvajas’ priest entreats your favour.
     He, sacrificing, fain for wealth, hath honoured the Gods vath those who sit and share oblations.
13. Agni, drive thou the wicked foe, the evil-hearted thief away,
     Far, far, Lord of the brave I and give us easy paths.
14. Soma, these pressing-stones have called aloud to win thee for our Friend.
     Destroy the greedy Pani, for a wolf is he.
15. Ye, O most bountiful, are they who, led by Indra, seek the sky.
     Give us good paths for travel: guard us ivell at home.
16. Now have we entered on the road that leads to bliss, without a foe,
     The road whereon a man escapes all enemies and gathers wealth.

Mandala 6, Hymn 52

1. THIS I allow not in the earth or heaven, at sacrifice or in these holy duties.
     May the huge mountains crush him down: degraded be Atiyaja’s sacrificing patron.
2. Or he who holds us in contempt, O Maruts, or seeks to blame the prayer that we are making,
     May agonies of burning be his portion. May the sky scorch the man who hates devotion.
3. Why then, O Soma, do they call thee keeper of prayer? Why then our guardian from reproaches?
     Why then beholdest thou how men revile us? Cast thy hot dart at him who hates devotion.
4. May Mornings as they spring to life, protect me, and may the Rivers as they swell preserve me.
     My guardians be the firmly-seated mountains: the Fathers, when I call on Gods, defend me!
5. Through all our days may we be healthy. minded, and look upon the Sun when he arises.
     Grant this the Treasure-Lord of treasures, coming, observant, oftenest of Gods, with succour!
6. Most near, most oft comes Indra with protection, and she Sarasvati, who swells with rivers –
     Parjanya, bringing health with herbs, and Agni, well lauded swift to listen, like a father.
7. Hear this mine invocation; come hither, O Universal Gods,
     Be seated on this holy grass.
8. To him who comes to meet you, Gods, with offerings bathed in holy oil-
     Approach ye, one and all, to him.
9. All Sons of Immortality shall listen to the songs we sing,
     And be exceeding good to us.
10. May all the Gods who strengthen Law, with Rtus, listening to our call,
     Be pleased with theit appropriate draught.
11. May 1ndra, with the Marut host, with Tvastar, Mitra, Aryaman,
     Accept the laud and these our gifts.
12. O Agni, Priest, as rules ordain, offer this sacrifice of ours,
     Remembering the Heavenly Folk.
13. Listen, All-Gods, to this mine invocation, Ye who inhabit heaven, and air’s midregions,
     All ye, O Holy Ones, whose tongue is Agni, seated upon this sacred grass, be joyful.
14. May the All-Gods who claim our worship hear my thought; may the two World-halves hear it, and the Waters’ Child.
     Let me not utter words that ye may disregard. Closely allied with you may we rejoice in bliss.
15. And those who, Mighty, with the wiles of serpents, were born on earth, in heaven, where waters gather-
     May they vouchsafe us life of full duration. May the Gods kindly give us nights and mornings.
16. At this my call, O Agni and Parjanya, help, swift to hear, my thought and our laudation.
     One generates holy food, the other offspring, so grant us food enough with store of children.
17. When holy grass is strewn and fire enkindled, with hymn and lowly homage I invite you.
     All-Gods, to day in this our great assembly rejoice, ye Holy, in the gifts we offer.

Mandala 6, Hymn 53

1. LORD of the path, O Pusan, we have yoked and bound thee to our hymn,
     Even as a car, to win the prize.
2. Bring us the wealth that men require, a manly master of a house,
     Free-handed with the liberal meed.
3. Even him who would not give, do thou,
     O glowing Pusan, urge to give,
     And make the niggard’s soul grow soft.
4. Clear paths that we may win the prize; scatter our enemies afar.
     Strong God, be all our thoughts fulfilled.
5. Penetrate with an awl, O Sage, the hearts of avaricious churls,
     And make them subject to our will.
6. Thrust with thine awl, O Pusan: seek that which the niggard’s heart holds dear,
     And make him subject to our will.
7. Tear up and read in pieces, Sage, the hearts of avaricious churls,
     And make them subject to our will.
8. Thou, glowing Pusan, carriest an awl that urges men to prayer;
     Therewith do thou tear up and rend to shreds the heart of every one.
9. Thou bearest, glowing Lord! a goad with horny point that guides the cows
     Thence do we seek thy gift of bliss.
10. And make this hymn of ours produce kine, horses, and a store of wealth
     For our delight and use as men.

Mandala 6, Hymn 54

1. O PUSAN, bring us to the man who knows, who shall direct us straight,
     And say unto us, It is here.
2. May we go forth with Pusan who shall point the houses out to us,
     And say to us, These same are they.
3. Unharmed is Pusan’s chariot wheel; the box ne’er falleth to the ground,
     Nor doth the loosened felIy shake.
4. Pusan forgetteth not the man who serveth him with offered gift:
     That man is first to gather wealth.
5. May Pusan follow near our kine; may Pusan keep our horses safe:
     May Pusan gather gear for us.
6. Follow the kine of him who pours libations out and worships thee;
     And ours who sing thee songs of praise.
7. Let none be lost, none injured, none sink in a pit and break a limb.
     Return with these all safe and sound.
8. Pusan who listens to our prayers, the Strong whose wealth is never lost,
     The Lord of riches, we implore.
9. Secure in thy protecting care, O Pusan, never may we fail.
     We here are they who sing thy praise.
10. From out the distance, far and wide, may Pusan stretch his right hand forth,
     And drive our lost again to us.

Mandala 6, Hymn 55

1. SON of Deliverance, come, bright God!
     Let us twain go together: be our charioteer of sacrifice.
2. We pray for wealth to thee most skilled of charioteers, with braided hair,
     Lord of great riches, and our Friend.
3. Bright God whose steeds are goats, thou art a stream of wealth, a treasure-heap,
     The Friend of every pious man.
4. Pusan, who driveth goats for steeds, the strong and Mighty, who is called
     His Sister’s lover, will we laud.
5. His Mother’s suitor I address. May he who loves his Sister hear,
     Brother of Indra, and my Friend.
6. May the sure-footed goats come nigh, conveying Pusan on his car,
     The God who visiteth mankind.

Mandala 6, Hymn 56

1. WHOSO remembers Pusan as cater of mingled curd and meal
     Need think no more upon the God.
2. And he is best of charioteers. Indra, the hero’s Lord, allied
     With him as Friend, destroys the foes.
3. And there the best of charioteers hath guided through the speckled cloud
     The golden wheel of Sura’s car.
4. Whate’er we speak this day to thee, Wise, Wondrous God whom many praise,
     Give thou fulfilment of our thought.
5. Lead on this company of ours, that longs for kine, to win the spoil:
     Thou, Pusan, art renowned afar.
6. Prosperity we crave from thee, afar from sin and near to wealth,
     Tending to perfect happiness both for to. morrow and to-day.

Mandala 6, Hymn 57

1. INDRA and Pusan will we call for friend ship and prosperity
     And for the winning of the spoil.
2. One by the Soma sits to drink juice which the mortar hath expressed:
     The other longs for curd and meal.
3. Goats are the team that draws the one: the other hath Bay Steeds at hand;
     With both of these he slays the fiends.
4. When Indra, wondrous strong, brought down the streams, the mighty waterfloods,
     Pusan was standing by his side.
5. To this, to Pusan’s favouring love, and Indra’s, may we closely cling,
     As to a tree’s extended bough.
6. As one who drives a car draws in his reins, may we draw Pusan near,
     And Indra, for our great success.

Mandala 6, Hymn 58

1. LIKE heaven art thou: one form is bright, one holy, like Day and Night dissimilar in colour.
     All magic powers thou aidest, self-depen. dent! Auspicious be thy bounty here, O Pusan.
2. Goat-borne, the guard of cattle, he whose home is strength, inspirer of the hymn, set over all the world;
     Brandishing here and there his lightly. moving goad, beholding every creature, Pusan, God, goes forth.
3. O Pusan, with thy golden ships that travel across the ocean, in the air’s mid-region,
     Thou goest on an embassy to Surya, subdued by love, desirous of the glory.
4. Near kinsman of the heaven and earth is Pusan, liberal, Lord of food, of wondrous iustre,
     Whom strong and vigorous and swiftlymoving, subdued by love, the Deities gave to Surya.

Mandala 6, Hymn 59

1. I WILL declare, while juices flow, the manly deeds that ye have done:
     Your Fathers, enemies of Gods, were smitten down, and, Indra-Agni, ye survive.
2. Thus, Indra-Agnip verily your greatness merits loftiest praise,
     Sprung from one common Father, brothers, twins are ye; your Mother is in every place.
3. These who delight in flowing juice, like fellow horses at their food,
     Indra and Agni, Gods armed with the thunderbolt, we call this day to come with help.
4. Indra and Agni, Friends of Law, served with rich gifts, your speech is kind
     To him who praises you while these libations flow: that man, O Gods, ye ne’er consume.
5. What mortal understands, O Gods, Indra and Agni, this your way?
     One of you, yoking Steeds that move to every side, advances in your common car.
6. First, Indra-Agni, hath this Maid come footless unto those with feet.
     Stretching her head and speaking loudly with her tongue, she hath gone downward thirty steps.
7. E’en now, O Indra-Agni, men hold in their arms and stretch their bows.
     Desert us not in this great fray, in battles for the sake of kine.
8. The foeman’s sinful enmities, Indra and Agni, vex me sore.
     Drive those who hate me far away, and keep them distant from the Sun.
9. Indra and Agni, yours are all the treasures of the heavens and earth.
     Here give ye us the opulence that prospers every living man.
10. O Indra-Agni, who accept the laud, and hear us for our praise,
     Come near us, drawn by all our songs, to drink of this our Soma juice.

Mandala 6, Hymn 60

1. HE slays the foe and wins the spoil who worships Indra and Agni, strong and mighty Heroes,
     Who rule as Sovrans over ample riches, victorious, showing forth their power in conquest.
2. So battle now, O Indra and thou, Agni, for cows and waters, sunlight, stolen Mornings.
     Team-borne, thou makest kine thine own, O Agni: thou, Indra, light, Dawns, regions, wondrous waters.
3. With Vrtra-slaying might, Indra and Agni, come, drawn by homage, O ye Vrtra-slayers.
     Indra and Agni, show yourselves among us with your supreme and unrestricted bounties.
4. I call the Twain whose deeds of old have all been famed in ancient days
     O Indra-Agni, harm us not.
5. The Strong, the scatterers of the foe, Indra and Agni, we invoke;
     May they be kind to one like me.
6. They slay our Arya foes, these Lords of heroes, slay our Dasyu foes
     And drive our enemies away.
7. Indra and Agni, these our songs of praise have sounded forth to you:
     Ye who bring blessings! drink the juice.
8. Come, Indra-Agni, with those teams, desired of many, which ye have,
     O Heroes, for the worshipper.
9. With those to this libation poured, ye Heroes, Indra-Agni, come:
     Come ye to drink the Soma juice.
10. Glorify him who compasses all forests with his glowing flame,
     And leaves them blackened with his tongue.
11. He who gains Indra’s bliss with fire enkindled finds an easy way
     Over the floods to happiness.
12. Give us fleet coursers to convey Indra and Agni, and bestow
     Abundant strengthening food on us.
13. Indra and Agni, I will call you hither and make you joyful with the gifts I offer.
     Ye Twain are givers both of food and riches: to win me strength and vigour I invoke you.
14. Come unto us with riches, come with wealth in horses and in kine.
     Indra and Agni, we invoke you both, the Gods, as Friends for friendship, bringing bliss.
15. Indra and Agni, hear his call who worships. with libations poured.
     Come and enjoy the offerings, drink the sweetly-flavoured Soma juice.

Mandala 6, Hymn 61

1. To Vadhryasva when. be worshipped her with gifts she gave fierce Divodasa, canceller of debts.
     Consumer of the churlish niggard, one and all, thine, O Sarasvati, are these effectual boons.
2. She with her might, like one who digs for lotus-stems, hath burst with her strong waves the ridges of the hills.
     Let us invite with songs and holy hymns for help Sarasvati who slayeth the Paravatas.
3. Thou castest down, Sarasvati, those who scorned the Gods, the brood of every Brsaya skilled in magic arts.
     Thou hast discovered rivers for the tribes of men, and, rich in wealth! made poison flow away from them.
4. May the divine Sarasvati, rich in her wealth, protect us well,
     Furthering all our thoughts with might
5. Whoso, divine Sarasvati, invokes thee where the prize is set,
     Like Indra when he smites the foe.
6. Aid us, divine Sarasvad, thou who art strong in wealth and power
     Like Pusan, give us opulence.
7. Yea, this divine Sarasvati, terrible with her golden path,
     Foe-slayer, claims our eulogy.
8. Whose limitless unbroken flood, swift-moving with a rapid rush,
     Comes onward with tempestuous roar.
9. She hath spread us beyond all foes, beyond her Sisters, Holy One,
     As Surya spreadeth out the days.
10. Yea, she most dear amid dear stream, Seven-sistered, graciously inclined,
     Sarasvati hath earned our praise.
11. Guard us from hate Sarasvati, she who hath filled the realms of earth,
     And that wide tract, the firmament!
12. Seven-sistered, sprung from threefold source, the Five Tribes’ prosperer, she must be
     Invoked in every deed of might.
13. Marked out by majesty among the Mighty Ones, in glory swifter than the other rapid Streams,
     Created vast for victory like a chariot, Sarasvati must be extolled by every sage.
14. Guide us, Sarasvati, to glorious treasure: refuse us not thy milk, nor spurn us from thee.
     Gladly accept our friendship and obedience: let us not go from thee to distant countries.
     
 
Mandala 6, Hymn 62

1. I LAUD the Heroes Twain, this heaven’s Controllers: singing with songs of praise I call the Asvins,
     Fain in a moment, when the morns are breaking, to part the earth’s ends and the spacious regions.
2. Moving to sacrifice through realms of lustre they light the radiance of the car that bears them.
     Traversing many wide unmeasured spaces, over the wastes ye pass, and fields, and waters.
3. Ye to that bounteous path of yours, ye mighty, have ever borne away our thoughts with horses,
     Mind-swift and full of vigour, that the trouble of man who offers gifts might cease and slumber.
4. So ye, when ye have yoked your chariothorses, come to the hymn of the most recent singer.
     Our true and ancient Herald Priest shall bring you, the Youthful, bearing splendour, food, and vigour.
5. With newest hymn I call those Wonder-Workers, ancient and brilliant, and exceeding mighty,
     Bringers of bliss to him who lauds and praises, bestowing varied bounties on the singer.
6. So ye, with birds, out of the sea and waters bore Bhujyu, son of Tugra, through the regions.
     Speeding with winged steeds through dustless spaces, out of the bosom of the flood they bore him.
7. Victors, car-borne, ye rent the rock asunder: Bulls, heard the calling of the eunuch’s consort.
     Bounteous, ye filled the cow with milk for Sayu: thus, swift and zealous Ones, ye showed your favour.
8. Whate’er from olden time, Heaven, Earth! existeth great object of the wrath of Gods and mortals,
     Make that, Adityas, Vasus, sons of Rudra, an evil brand to one allied with demons.
9. May he who knows, as Varuna and Mitra, air’s realm, appointing both the Kings in season,
     Against the secret fiend cast forth his weapon, against the lying words that strangers utter.
10. Come to our home with friendly wheels, for offipring; come on your radiant chariot rich in heroes.
     Strike off, ye Twain, the heads of our assailants who with man’s treacherous attack approach us.
11. Come hitherward to us with teams of horses, the highest and the midmost and the lowest.
     Bountiful Lords, throw open to the singer doors e’en of the firm-closed stall of cattle.

Mandala 6, Hymn 63

1. WHERE hath the hymn with reverence, like an envoy, found both fair Gods to-day, invoked of many-
     Hymn that hath brought the two Nasatyas hither? To this man’s thought be ye, both Gods, most friendly.
2. Come readily to this mine invocation, lauded with songs, that ye may drink the juices.
     Compass this house to keep it from the foeman, that none may force it, either near or distant.
3. Juice in wide room hath been prepared to feast you: for you the grass is strewn, most soft to tread on.
     With lifted hands your servant hath adored you. Yearningfor you the press-stones shed the liquid.
4. Agni uplifts him at your sacrifices: forth goes the oblation dropping oil and glowing.
     Up stands the grateful-minded priest, elected, appointed to invoke the two Nasatyas.
5. Lords of great wealth! for glory, Surya’s Daughter mounted your car that brings a hundred succours.
     Famed for your magic arts were ye, magicians! amid the race of Gods, ye dancing Heroes!
6. Ye Twain, with these your glories fair to look on, brought, to win victory, rich gifts for Surya.
     After you flew your birds, marvels of beauty: dear to our hearts! the song, well lauded, reached you.
7. May your winged coursers, best to draw. Nasatyas! convey you to the object of your wishes.
     Swift as the thought, your car hath been sent onward to food of many a sort and dainty viands.
8. Lords of great wealth, manifold is your bounty: ye filled our cow with food that never faileth.
     Lovers of sweetness! yours are praise and singers, and poured libations which have sought your favour.
9. Mine were two mares of Puraya, brown, swift-footed; a hundred with Sumidha, food with Peruk
     Sanda gave ten gold-decked and well-trained horses, tame and obedient and of lofty stature.
10. Nasatyas! Purupanthas offered hundreds, thousands of steeds to him who sang your praises,
     Gave, Heroes! to the singer Bharadvaja. Ye-Wonder-Workers, let the fiends be slaughtered.
11. May I with princes share your bliss in freedom.

Mandala 6, Hymn 64

1. THE radiant Dawns have risen up for glory, in their white splendour like the waves of waters.
     She maketh paths all easy, fair to travel, and, rich, hath shown herself benign and friendly.
2. We see that thou art good: far shines thy lustre; thy beams, thy splendours have flown up to heaven.
     Decking thyself, thou makest bare thy bosom, shining in majesty, thou Goddess Morning.
3. Red are the kine and luminous that bear her the Blessed One who spreadeth through the distance.
     The foes she chaseth like a valiant archer, like a swift warrior she repelleth darkness.
4. Thy ways are easy on the hills: thou passest Invincible! Se1f-luminous! through waters.
     So lofty Goddess with thine ample pathway, Daughter of Heaven, bring wealth to give us comfort.
5. Dawn, bring me wealth: untroubled, with thine oxen thou bearest riches at thy will and pleasure;
     Thou who, a Goddess, Child of Heaven, hast shown thee lovely through bounty when we called thee early.
6. As the birds fly forth from their restingplaces, so men with store of food rise at thy dawning.
     Yea, to the liberal mortal who rernaineth at home, O Goddess Dawn, much good thou bringest.

Mandala 6, Hymn 65

1. SHEDDING her light on human habitations this Child of Heaven hath called us from our slumber;
     She who at night-time with her argent lustre hath shown herself e’en through the shades of darkness.
2. All this with red-rayed steeds have they divided: the Dawns on bright cars shine in wondrous fashion.
     They, bringing near the stately rite’s commencement, drive far away the night’s surrounding shadows.
3. Dawns, bringing hither, to the man who worships, glory and power and might and food and vigour,
     Opulent, with imperial sway like heroes, favour your servant and this day enrich him.
4. Now is there treasure for the man who serves you, now for the hero, Dawns! who brings oblation;
     Now for the singer when he sings the praise-song. Even to one like me ye brought aforetime.
5. O Dawn who standest on the mountain ridges, Angirases now praise thy stalls of cattle.
     With prayer and holy hymn they burst them open: the heroes’ calling on the Gods was fruitful.
6. Shine on us as of old, thou Child of Heaven,on him, rich Maid! who serves like Bharadvaja.
     Give to the singer wealth with noble heroes, and upon us bestow wide-spreading glory.

Mandala 6, Hymn 66

1. E’EN to the wise let that be still a wonder to which the general name of Cow is given.
     The one hath swelled among mankind for milking: Prsni hath drained but once her fair bright udder.
2. They who like kindled flames of fire are glowing,. the Maruts, twice and thrice have waxen mighty.
     Golden and dustless were their cars, invested with their great strength and their heroic vigour.
3. They who are Sons of the rain-pouring Rudra, whom the long-lasting One had power to foster:
     The Mighty Ones whose germ great Mother Prsni is known to have received for man’s advantage.
4. They shrink not from the birth; in this same manner still resting there they purge away reproaches.
     When they have streamed forth, brilliant, at their pleasure, with their own splendour they bedew their bodies.
5. Even those who bear the brave bold name of Maruts, whom not the active quickly wins for milking.
     Even the liberal wards not off those fierce ones, those who are light and agile in their greatness.
6. When, strong in strength and armed with potent weapons, they had united wellformed earth and heaven,
     Rodasl stood among these furious Heroes like splendour shining with her native brightness.
7. No team of goats shall draw your car, O Maruts, no horse no charioteer be he who drives it.
     Halting not, reinless, through the air it travels, speeding alone its paths through earth and heaven.
8. None may obstruct, none overtake, O Maruts, him whom ye succour in the strife of battle
     For sons and progeny, for kine and waters: he bursts the cow-stall on the day of trial.
9. Bring a bright hymn to praise the band of Maruts, the Singers, rapid, strong in native vigour,
     Who conquer mighty strength with strength more mighty: earth shakes in terror at their wars, O Agni.
10. Bright like the flashing flames of sacrifices, like tongues of fire impetuous in their onset,
     Chanting their psalm, singing aloud, like heroes, splendid from birth, invincible, the Maruts.
11. That swelling band I call with invocation, the brood of Rudra, armed with glittering lances.
     Pure hymns are meet for that celestial army: like floods and mountains have the Strong Ones battled.

Mandala 6, Hymn 67

1. NOW Mitra-Varuna shall be exalted high by your songs, noblest of all existing;
     They who, as ‘twere with reins are best Controllers, unequalled with their arms to check the people.
2. To you Two Gods is this my thought extended, turned to the sacred grass with loving homage.
     Give us, O Mitra-Varuna, a dwelling safe from attack, which ye shall guard, Boon-Givers!
3. Come hither, Mitra-Varuna, invited with eulogies and loving adoration,
     Ye who with your might, as Work-Controllers, urge even men who quickly hear to labour.
4. Whom, of pure origin, like two strong horses, Aditi bore as babes in proper season,
     Whom, Mighty at your birth, the Mighty Goddess brought forth as terrors to the mortal foeman.
5. As all the Gods in their great joy and gladness gave you with one accord your high dominion,
     As ye surround both worlds, though wide and spacious your spies are ever true and never bewildered.
6. So, through the days maintaining princely power. ye prop the height as ‘twere from loftiest heaven.
     The Star of all the Gods, established, filleth the heaven and earth with food of man who liveth.
7. Take the strong drink, to quaff till ye are sated, when he and his attendants fill the chamber.
     The young Maids brook not that none seeks to win them, when, Quickeners of all! they scatter moisture.
8. So with your tongue come ever, when your envoy, faithful and very wise, attends our worship.
     Nourished by holy oil! he this yGur glory: annihilate the sacrificer’s trouble.
9. When, Mitra-Varuna, they strive against you and break tlie friendly laws ye have established,
     They, neither Gods nor men in estimation, like Api’s sons have godless sacrifices.
10. When singers in their song uplift their voices, some chant the Nivid texts with steady purpose.
     Then may we sing you lauds that shall be fruitful: dp ye not rival all the Gods in greatness?
11. O Mitra-Varuna, may your large bounty come to us hither, near to this our dwelling,
     When the kine haste to us, and when they harness the fleet-foot mettled stallion for the battle.

Mandala 6, Hymn 68

1. HIS honouring rite whose grass is trimmed is offered swiftly to you, in Manu’s wise, accordant,
     The rite which Indra-Varuna shall carry this day to high success and glorious issue.
2. For at Gods’ worship they are best through vigour; they have become the strongest of the Heroes;
     With mighty strength, most liberal of the Princes, Chiefs of the host, by Law made Vrtra’s slayers.
3. Praise those Twain Gods for powers that merit worship, Indra and Varuna, for bliss, the joyous.
     One with his might and thunderbolt slays Vrtra; the other as a Sage stands near in troubles.
4. Though dames and men have waxen strong and mighty, and all the Gods selfpraised among the Heroes,
     Ye, Indra-Varuna, have in might surpassed them, and thus were ye spread wide, O Earth and Heaven.
5. Righteous is he, and liberal and helpful who, Indra-Varuna, brings you gifts with gladness.
     That bounteous man through food shall conquer faemen, and win him opulence and wealthy people.
6. May wealth which ye bestow in food and treasure on him who brings you gifts and sacrifices,
     Wealth, Gods! which breaks the curse of those who vex us, be, Indra-Varuna, e’en our own possession.
7. So also, Indra-Varuna, may our princes have riches swift to save, with Gods to guard them-
     They whose great might gives victory in battles, and their triumphant glory spreads with swiftness.
8. Indra. and Varuna, Gods whom we are lauding, mingle ye wealth with our heroic glory.
     May we, who praise the strength of what is mighty, pass dangers, as with boats we cross the waters.
9. Now will I sing a dear and far-extending hymn to Varuna the God, sublime, imperial Lord,
     Who, mighty Governor, Eternal, as with flame, illumines both wide worlds with majesty and power.
10. True to Law, Indra-Varuna, drinkers of the juice, drink this pressed Soma which shall give you rapturous joy.
     Your chariot cometh to the banquet of the Gods, to sacrifice, as it were home, that ye may drink.
11. Indra and Varuna, drink your fill, ye Heroes, of this invigorating sweetest Soma.
     This juice is shed by us that ye may quaff it: on this trimmed grass be seated, and rejoice you

Mandala 6, Hymn 69

1. INDRA and Visnu, at my task’s completion I urge you on with food and sacred service.
     Accept the sacrifice and grant us riches, leading us on by unobstructed pathways.
2. Ye who inspire all hymns, Indra and Visnu, ye vessels who contain the Soma juices,
     May hymns of praise that now are sung address you, the lauds that are recited by the singers.
3. Lords of joy-giving draughts, Indra and Visnu, come, giving gifts of treasure, to the Soma.
     With brilliant rays of hymns let chanted praises, repeated with the lauds, adorn and deck you.
4. May your foe-conquering horses bring you hither, Indra and Visnu, sharers of the banquet.
     Of all our hymns accept the invocations list to my prayers and hear the songs I sing you.
5. This your deed, Indra-Visnu, must be lauded: widely ye strode in the wild joy of Soma.
     Ye made the firmament of larger compass, and made the regions broad for our existence.
6. Strengthened with sacred offerings, IndraVisnu, first eaters, served with worship ana oblation,
     Fed with the holy oil, vouchsafe us riches ye are the lake, the vat that holds the Soma.
7. Drink of this meath, O Indra, thou, and Visnu; drink ye your fill of Soma, Wonder-Workers.
     The sweet exhilarating juice hath reached you. Hear ye my prayers, give ear unto my calling.
8. Ye Twain have conquered, ne’er have yc been conquered: never hath either of the Twain been vanquished.
     Ye, Indra-Visnu, when ye fought the battle, produced this infinite with three divisions.

Mandala 6, Hymn 70

1. FILLED full of fatness, compassing all things that be, wide, spacious, dropping meath, beautiful in their form,
     The Heaven and the Earth by Varuna’s decree, unwasting, rich in germs, stand parted each from each.
2. The Everlasting Pair, with full streams, rich in milk, in their pure rule pour fatness for the pious man.
     Ye who are Regents of this world, O Earth and Heaven, pour into us the genial flow that prospers meit.
3. Whoso, for righteous life, pours offerings to you, O Heaven and Earth, ye Hemispheres, that man succeeds.
     He in his seed is born again and spreads by Law: from you flow things diverse in form, but ruled alike.
4. Enclosed in fatness, Heaven and Earth are bright therewith: they mingle with the fatness which they still increase.
     Wide, broad, set foremost at election of the priest, to them the singers pray for bliss to further them.
5. May Heaven and Earth pour down the balmy rain for us, balm-dropping, yielding balm, with balm upon your path,
     Bestowing by your Godhead sacrifice and wealth, great fame and strength for us and good heroic might.
6. May Heaven and Earth make food swell plenteously for us, all-knowing Father, jother, wondrous in their works.
     Pouring out bounties, may, in union, both the Worlds, all beneficial, send us gain, and power, and wealth.

Mandala 6, Hymn 71

1. FULL of effectual wisdom Savitar the God hath stretched out golden arms that he may bring forth life.
     Young and most skilful, while he holds the region up, the Warrior sprinkles fatness over both his hands.
2. May we enjoy the noblest vivifying force of Savitar the God, that he may give us wealth:
     For thou art mighty to produce and lull to rest the world of life that moves on two feet and on four.
3. Protect our habitation, Savitar, this day, with guardian aids around, auspicious, firm and true.
     God of the golden tongue, keep us for newest bliss: let not the evil-wisher have us in his power.
4. This Savitar the God, the golden-handed, Friend of the home, hath risen to meet the twilight.
     With cheeks of brass, with pleasant tongue, the Holy, he sends the worshipper rich gifts in plenty.
5. Like a Director, Savitar hath extended his golden arms, exceeding fair to look on.
     He hath gone up the heights of earth and heaven, and made each monster fall and cease from troubling.
6. Fair wealth, O Savitar, to-day, to-morrow, fair wealth produce for us each day that passes.
     May we through this our song be happy gainers, God, of a fair and spacious habitation.

Mandala 6, Hymn 72

1. GREAT is this might of yours, Indra and Soma: the first high exploits were your own achievements.
     Ye found the Sun ye found the light of heaven: ye killed all darkness and the Gods’ blasphemers.
2. Ye, Indra-Soma, gave her light to Morning, and led the Sun on high with all his splendour.
     Ye stayed the heaven with a supporting pillar, and spread abroad apart, the Earth, the Mother.
3. Ye slew the flood -obstructing serpent Vrtra, Indra and Soma: Heaven approved your exploit.
     Ye urged to speed the currents of the rivers, and many seas have ye filled full with waters.
4. Ye in the unripe udders of the milch-kine have set the ripe milk, Indra, thou, and Soma.
     Ye have held fast the unimpeded whiteness within these many-coloured moving creatures.
5. Verily ye bestow, Indra and Soma, wealth, famed, victorious, passing to our children.
     Ye have invested men, ye Mighty Beings, with manly strength that conquers in the battle.

Mandala 6, Hymn 73

1. SERVED with oblations, first-born, mountain-render, Angiras’ son, Brhaspati, the Holy,
     With twice-firm path, dwelling in light, our Father, roars loudly, as a bull, to Earth and Heaven.
2. Brhaspati, who made for such a people wide room and verge when Gods were invocated,
     Slaying his enemies, breaks down their castles, quelling his foes and conquering those who hate him.
3. Brhaspati in war hath won rich treasures, hath won, this God, the great stalls filled with cattle.
     Striving to win waters and light, resistless, Brhaspati with lightning smites the foeman.

Mandala 6, Hymn 74

1. HOLD fast your Godlike sway, O Soma-Rudra: let these our sacrifices quickly reach you.
     Placing in every house your seven great treasures, bring blessing to our quadrupeds and bipeds.
2. Soma and Rudra, chase to every quarter the sickness that hath visited our dwelling.
     Drive Nirrti away into the distance, and give us excellent and happy glories.
3. Provide, O Soma-Rudra, for our bodies all needful medicines to heal and cure us.
     Set free and draw away the sin committed which we have still inherent in our persons.
4. Armed with keen shafts and weapons, kind and loving, be gracious unto us, Soma and Rudra.
     Release us from the noose of Varuna; keep us from sorrow, in your tender loving-kindness.

Mandala 6, Hymn 75

1. THE warrior’s look is like a thunderous rain-cloud’s, when, armed with mail, he seeks the lap of battle.
     Be thou victorious with unwounded body: so let the thickness of thy mail protect thee.
2. With Bow let us win kine, with Bow the battle, with Bow be victors in our hot encounters.
     The Bow brings grief and sorrow to the foeman: armed with the Bow may we subdue all regions.
3. Close to his car, as fain to speak, She presses, holding her well-loved Friend in her embraces.
     Strained on the Bow, She whispers like a woman-this Bowstring that preserves us in the combat.
4. These, meeting like a woman and her lover, bear, mother-like, their child upon their bosom.
     May the two Bow-ends, starting swift asunder, scatter, in unison, the foes who hate us.
5. With many a son, father of many daughters, He clangs and clashes as he goes to battle.
     Slung on the back, pouring his brood, the Quiver vanquishes all opposing bands and armies.
6. Upstanding in the Car the skilful Charioteer guides his strong Horses on whithersoe’er he will.
     See and admire the strength of those controlling Reins which from behind declare the will of him who drives.
7. Horses whose hoofs rain dust are neighing loudly, yoked to the Chariots, showing forth their vigour,
     With their forefeet descending on the foemen, they, never flinching, trample and destroy them.
8. Car-bearer is the name of his oblation, whercon are laid his Weapons and his Armour.
     So let us here, each day that passes, honour the helpful Car with hearts exceeding joyful.
9. In sweet association lived the fathers who gave us life, profound and strong in trouble,
     Unwearied, armed with shafts and wondrous weapons, free, real heroes, conquerors of armies.
10. The Brahmans, and the Fathers meet for Soma-draughts, and, graciously inclined, unequalled Heaven and Earth.
     Guard us trom evil, Pusan, guard us strengtheners of Law: let not the evil-wisher master us.
11. Her tooth a deer, dressed in an eagle’s feathers, bound with cow-hide, launched forth, She flieth onward.
     There where the heroes speed hither and thither, there may the Arrows shelter and protect us.
12. Avoid us thou whose flight is straight, and let our bodies be as stone.
     May Soma kindly speak to us, and Aditi protect us well.
13. He lays his blows upon their backs, he deals his blows upon their thighs.
     Thou, Whip, who urgest horses, drive sagacious horses in the fray.
14. It compasses the arm with serpent windings, fending away the friction of the bowstring:
     So may the Brace, well-skilled in all its duties, guard manfully the man from every quarter.
15. Now to the Shaft with venom smeared, tipped with deer-horn, with iron mouth,
     Celestial, of Parjanya’s seed, be this great adoration paid.
16. Loosed from the Bowstring fly away, thou Arrow, sharpened by our prayer.
     Go to the foemen, strike them home, and let not one be left alive.
17. There where the flights of Arrows fall like boys whose locks are yet unshorn.
     Even there may Brahmanaspati, and Aditi protect us well, protect us well through all our days.
18. Thy vital parts I cover with thine Armour: with immortality King Soma clothe thee.
     Varuna give tliee what is more than ample, and in thy triumph may the Gods be joyful.
19. Whoso would kill us, whether he be a strange foe or one of us,

Mandala 7, Hymn 1

1. THE men from fire-sticks, with their hands’ swift movement, have, in deep thought, engendered glorious Agni,
     Far-seen, with pointed flame, Lord of the homestead.
2. The Vasus set that Agni in the dwelling, fair to behold, for help from every quarter:
     Who, in the home for ever, must be honoured.
3. Shine thou before us, Agni, well-enkindled, with flame, Most Youthful God, that never fadeth.
     To thee come all our sacrificial viands.
4. Among all fires these fires have shone most brightly, splendid with light, begirt by noble heroes,
     Where men of lofty birth sit down together.
5. Victorious Agni, grant us wealth with wisdom, wealth with brave sons, famous and independent,
     Which not a foe who deals in magic conquers.
6. To whom, the Strong, at morn and eve comes, maid-like, the ladle dropping oil, with its oblation.
     Wealth-seeking comes to him his own devotion.
7. Burn up all malice with those flames, O Agni, wherewith of old thou burntest up Jarutha,
     And drive away in silence pain and sickness.
8. With him who lighteth up thy splendour, Agni, excellent, pure, refulgent, Purifier,
     Be present, and with us through these our praises.
9. Agni, the patriarchal men, the mortals who have in many places spread thy lustre,-
     Be gracious to us here for their sake also.
10. Let these men, heroes in the fight with foemen, prevail against all godless arts of 4magic,-
     These who ipprove the noble song I sing thee.
11. Let us not sit in want of men, O Agni, without descendants, heroleu, about thee:
     But, O House-Friend, in houses full of children.
12. By sacrifice which the Steeds’ Lord ever visits, there make our dwelling rich in seed and offspring,
     Increasing still with lineal successors.
13. Guard us, O Agni, from the hated demon, guard us from malice of the churlish sinner:
     Allied with thee may I subdue assailants.
14. May this same fire of mine surpass all others, this fire where offspring, vigorous and firm-handed,
     Wins, on a thousand paths, what ne’er shall perish.
15. This is that Agni, saviour from the foeman, who guards the kindler of the flame from sorrow:
     Heroes of noble lineage serve and tend him.
16. This is that Agni, served in many places, whom the rich lord who brings oblation kindles,
     And round him goes the priest at sacrifices.
17. Agni, may we with riches in possession bring thee continual ofierings in abundance,
     Using both means to draw thee to our worship.
18. Agni, bear thou, Eternal, these most welcome oblations to the Deities’ assembly:
     Let them enjoy our very fragrant presents.
19. Give us not up, Agni, to want of heroes, to wretched clothes, to need, to destitution.
     Yield us not, Holy One, to fiend or hunger; injure us not at home or in the forest.
20. Give strength and power to these my prayers, O Agni; O God, pour blessings on our chiefs and nobles.
     Grant that both we and they may share thy bounty. Ye Gods, protect us evermore with blessings.
21. Thou Agni, swift to hear, art fair of aspect: beam forth, O Son of Strength, in full effulgence.
     Let me not want, with thee, a son for ever: let not a manly hero ever fail us.
22. Condemn us not to indigence, O Agni, beside these flaming fires which Gods have kindled;
     Nor, even after fault, let thy displeasure, thine as a God, O Son of Strength, o’ertake us.
23. O Agni, fair of face, the wealthy mortal who to the Immortal offers his oblation.
     Hath him who wins him treasure by his Godhead, to whom the prince, in need, goes supplicating.
24. Knowing our chief felicity, O Agni, bring hither ample riches to our nobles,
     Wherewith we may enjoy ourselves, O Victor, with undiminished life and hero children.
25. Give strength and power to these my prayers, O Agni; O God, pour blessings on bur chiefs and nobles.
     Grant that both we and they may share thy bounty. Ye Gods, protect us evermore with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 2

1. GLADLY accept, this day, our fuel, Agni: send up thy sacred smoke and shine sublimely.
     Touch the celestial summits with thy columns, and overspread thee with the rays of Surya.
2. With sacrifice to these we men will honour the majesty of holy Narasamsa-
     To these the pure, most wise, the thought. inspirers, Gods who enjoy both sorts of our oblations.
3. We will extol at sacrifice for ever, as men may do, Agni whom Manu kindled,
     Your very skilful Asura, meet for worship, envoy between both worlds, the truthful speaker.
4. Bearing the sacred grass, the men who serve him strew it with reverence, on their knees, by Agni.
     Calling him to the spotted grass, oil-sprinkled, adorn him, ye Adhvaryus, with oblation.
5. With holy thoughts the pious have thrown open Doors fain for chariots in the Gods’ assembly.
     Like two full mother cows who lick their youngling, like maidens for the gathering, they adorn them.
6. And let the two exalted Heavenly Ladies, Morning and Night, like a cow good at milking,
     Come, much-invoked, and on our grass be seated ‘ wealthy, deserving worship, for our welfare.
7. You, Bards and Singers at men’s sacrifices, both filled with wisdom, I incline to worship.
     Send up our offerings when we call upon you, and so among the Gods obtain us treasures.
8. May Bharati with all her Sisters, Ila accordant with the Gods, with mortals Agni,
     Sarasvati with all her kindred Rivers, come to this grass, Three Goddesses, and seat them.
9. Well pleased with us do thou, O God, O Tvastar, give ready issue to our procreant vigour,
     Whence springs the hero, powerful, skilled in action, lover of Gods, adjuster of the press-stones.
10. Send to the Gods the oblation, Lord of Forests, and let the Immolator, Agni, dress it.
     He as the truer Priest shall offer worship, for the God’sgenerations well he knoweth.
11. Come thou to us, O Agni, duly kindled, together with the potent Gods and Indra.
     On this our grass sit Aditi, happy Mother, and let our Hail! delight the Gods Immortal.

Mandala 7, Hymn 3

1. ASSOCIATE with fires, make your God Agni envoy at sacrifice, best skilled in worship,
     Established firm among mankind, the Holy, flame-crowned and fed with oil, the Purifier.
2. Like a steed neighing eager for the pasture, when he hath stepped forth from the great enclosure:
     Then the wind following blows upon his splendour, and, straight, the path is black which thou hast travelled.
3. From thee a Bull but newly born, O Agni, the kindled everlasting flames rise upward.
     Aloft to heaven thy ruddy smoke ascendeth: Agni, thou speedest to the Gods as envoy.
4. Thou whose fresh lustre o’er the earth advanceth when greedily with thy jaws thy food thou eatest.
     Like a host hurried onward comes thy lasso: fierce, with thy tongue thou piercest, as ‘twere barley.
5. The men have decked him both at eve and morning, Most Youthful Agni, as they tend a courser.
     They kindle him, a guest within his dwelling: bright shines the splendour of the worshipped Hero.
6. O fair of face, beautiful is thine aspect when, very near at hand, like gold thou gleamest,
     Like Heaven’s thundering roar thy might approaches, and like the wondrous Sun thy light thou showest.
7. That we may worship, with your Hail to Agni! with sacrificial cakes and fat oblations,
     Guard us, O Agni, with those boundless glories as with a hundred fortresses of iron.
8. Thine are resistless songs for him who offers, and hero-giving hymns wherewith thou savest;
     With these, O Son of Strength, O Jatavedas, guard us, preserve these princes and the singers.
9. When forth he cometh, like an axe new-sharpened, pure in his form, resplendent in his body,
     Sprung, sought with eager longing, from his Parents, for the Gods’ worship, Sage and Purifier:
10. Shine this felicity on us, O Agni: may we attain to perfect understanding.
     All happiness be theirs who sing and praise thee. Ye Gods, preserve us evermore with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 4

1. BRING forth your gifts to his refulgent splendour, your hymn as purest offering to Agni,
     To him who goes as messenger with knowledge between all songs of men and Gods in heaven.
2. Wise must this Agni be, though young and tender, since he was born, Most Youthful, of his Mother;
     He who with bright teeth seizeth fast the forests, and eats his food, though plenteous, in a moment.
3. Before his presence must we all assemble, this God’s whom men have seized in his white splendour.
     This Agni who hath brooked that men should seize him hath shone for man with glow insufferable.
4. Far-seeing hath this Agni been established, deathless mid mortals, wise among the foolish.
     Here, O victorious God, forbear to harm us: may weforever share thy gracious favour.
5. He who hath occupied his God-made dwelling, Agni, in wisdom hath surpassed Immortals.
     A Babe unborn, the plants and trees support him, and the earth beareth him the All-sustainer.
6. Agni is Lord of Amrta. in abundance, Lord of the gift of wealth and hero valour,
     Victorious God, let us not sit about thee like men devoid of strength, beauty, and worship.
7. The foeman’s treasure may be won with labour: may we be masters of our own possessions.
     Agni, no son is he who springs from others: lengthen not out the pathways of the foolish.
8. Unwelcome for adoption is the stranger, one to be thought of as another’s offipring,
     Though grown familiar by continual presence. May our strong hero come, freshly triumphant.
9. Guard us from him who would assail us, Agni; preserve us O thou Victor, from dishonour.
     Here let the place of darkening come upon thee: may wealth be ours, desirable, in thousands.
10. Shine this felicity on us, O Agni: may we attain to perfect understanding.
     All happiness be theirs who sing and praise thee. Ye Gods, preserve us evermore with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 5

1. BRING forth your song of praise to mighty Agni, the speedy messenger of earth and heaven,
     Vaisvanara, who, with those who wake, hath waxen great in the lap of all the Gods Immortal.
2. Sought in the heavens, on earth is Agni stablished, leader of rivers, Bull of standing waters.
     Vaisvanara when he hath grown in glory, shines on the tribes of men with light and treasure.
3. For fear of thee forth fled the dark-hued races, scattered abroad, deserting their possessions,
     When, glowing, O Vaisvanara, for Puru, thou Agni didst light up and rend their castles.
4. Agni Vaisvanara, both Earth and Heaven submit them to thy threefold jurisdiction.
     Refulgent in thine undecaying lustre thou hast invested both the worlds with splendour.
5. Agni, the tawny horses, loudly neighing our resonant hymns that drop with oil, attend thee;
     Lord of the tribes, our Charioteer of riches, Ensign of days, Vaisvanara of mornings.
6. In thee, O bright as Mitra, Vasus seated the might of Aduras, for they loved thy spirit.
     Thou dravest Dasyus from their home, O Agni, and broughtest forth broad light to light the Arya.
7. Born in the loftiest heaven thou in a moment reachest, like wind, the place where Gods inhabit.
     Thou, favouring thine offspring, roaredst loudly when giving life to creatures, Jatavedas.
8. Send us that strength, Vaisvanara, send it, Agni, that strength, O Jatavedas, full of splendour,
     Wherewith, all-bounteous God, thou pourest riches, as fame wide-spreading, on the man who offers.
9. Agni, bestow upon our chiefs and nobles that famous power, that wealth which feedeth many.
     Accordant with the Vasus and the Rudras, Agni, Vaisvanara, give us sure protection.

Mandala 7, Hymn 6

1. PRAISE of the Asura, high imperial Ruler, the Manly One in whom the folk shall triumph-
     I laud his deeds who is as strong as Indra, and lauding celebrate the Fort-destroyer.
2. Sage, Sing, Food, Light,-they bring him from the mountain, the blessed Sovran of the earth and heaven.
     I decorate with songs the mighty actions which Agni, Fort-destroyer, did aforetime.
3. The foolish, faithless, rudely-speaking niggards, without belief or sacrifice or worship,-
     Far far sway hath Agni chased those Dasytis, and, in the cast, hath turned the godless westward.
4. Him who brought eastward, manliest with his prowess, the Maids rejoicing in the western darkness,
     That Agni I extol, the Lord of riches, unyielding tamer of assailing foemen.
5. Him who brake down the walls with deadly weapons, and gave the Mornings to anoble Husband,
     Young Agni, who with conquering strength subduing the tribes of Nahus made them bring their tribute.
6. In whose protection all men rest by nature, desiring to enjoy his gracious favour-
     Agni Vaisvanara in his Parents, bosom hath found the choicest seat in earth and heaven.
7. Vaisvanara the God, at the sun’s setting, hath taken to himself deep-hidden treasures:
     Agni hath taken them from earth and heaven, from the sea under and the sea above us.

Mandala 7, Hymn 7

1. I SEND forth even your God, victorious Agni, like a strong courser, with mine adoration.
     Herald of sacrifice be he who knoweth he hath reached Gods, himself, with measured motion.
2. By paths that are thine own come hither, Agni, joyous, delighting in the Gods’ alliance,
     Making the heights of earth roar with thy fury, burning with eager teeth the woods and forests.
3. The grass is strewn; the sacrifice advances adored as Priest, Agni is made propitious,
     Invoking both All-boon-bestowing Mothers of whom, Most Youthful! thou wast born to help us.
4. Forthwith the men, the best of these for wisdom, have made him leader in the solemn worship.
     As Lord in homes of men is Agni stablished, the Holy One, the joyous, sweetly speaking.
5. He hath come, chosen bearer, and is seated in man’s home, Brahman, Agni, the Supporter,
     He whom both Heaven anct Earth exalt and strengthenwhom, Giver of all boons, the Hotar worships.
6. These have passed all in glory, who, the manly, have wrought with skill the hymn of adoration;
     Who, listening, have advanced the people’s welfare, and set their thoughts on this my holy statute.
7. We, the Vasisthas, now implore thee, Agni, O Son of Strength, the Lord of wealth and treasure.
     Thou hast brought food to singers and to nobles. Ye Gods, preserve us evermore with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 8

1. THE King whose face is decked with oil is kindled with homage offered by his faithful servant.
     The men, the priests adore him with oblations. Agni hath shone forth when the dawn is breaking.
2. Yea, he hath been acknowledged as most mighty, the joyous Priest of men, the youthful Agni.
     He, spreading o’er the earth, made light around him, and grew among the plants with blackened fellies..
3. How dost thou decorate our hymn, O Agni? What power dost thou exert when thou art lauded?
     When, Bounteous God, may we be lords of riches, winners of precious wealth which none may conquer?
4. Far famed is this the Bharata’s own Agni he shineth like the Sun with lofty splendour.
     He who hath vanquished Puru in the battle, the heavenly guest hath glowed in full refulgence.
5. Full many oblations are in thee collected: with all thine aspects thou hast waxen gracious.
     Thou art already famed as praised and lauded, yet still, O nobly born, increase thy body.
6. Be this my song, that winneth countless treasure, engendered with redoubled force for Agni,
     That, splendid, chasing sickness, slaying demons, it may delight our friend and bless the singers.
7. We, the Vasisthas, now implore thee, Agni, O Son of Strength, the Lord of wealth and riches.
     Thou hast brought food to singers and to nobles. Ye Gods, preserve us evermore with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 9

1. ROUSED from their bosom is the Dawns’ beloved, the joyous Priest, most sapient, Purifier.
     He gives a signal both to Gods and mortals, to Gods oblations, riches to the pious.
2. Most wise is he who, forcing doors of Panis, brought the bright Sun to us who feedeth many.
     The cheerful Priest, men’s Friend and home-companion, through still night’s darkness he is made apparent.
3. Wise, ne.’er deceived, uncircumscribed, refulgent, our gracious guest, a Friend with good attendants,
     Shines forth with wondrous light before the Mornings; the young plants hath he entered, Child of Waters.
4. Seeking our gatherings, he, your Jatavedas, hath shone adorable through human ages,
     Who gleams refulgent with his lovely lustre: the kine have waked to meet him when enkindled.
5. Go on thy message to the Gods, and fail not, O Agni, with their band who pray and worship.
     Bring all the Gods that they may give us riches, Sarasvati, the Maruts, Asvins, Waters.
6. Vasistha, when enkindling thee, O Agni, hath slain jarutha. Give us wealth in plenty.
     Sing praise in choral song, O Jatavedas. Ye Gods, preserve us evermore with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 10

1. HE hath sent forth, bright, radiant, and refulgent, like the Dawn’s Lover, his far-spreading lustre.
     Pure in his splendour shines the golden Hero: our longing thoughts hath he aroused and wakened.
2. He, like the Sun, hath shone while Morn is breaking, and priests who weave the sacrifice sing praises,
     Agni, the God, who knows their generations and visits Gods, most bounteous, rapid envoy.
3. Our songs and holy hymns go forth to Agni, seeking the God and asking him for riches,
     Him fair to see, of goodly aspect, mighty, men’s messenger who carries their oblations.
4. joined with the Vasus, Agni, bring thou Indra bring hither mighty Rudra with the Rudras,
     Aditi good to all men with Adityas, Brhaspati All-bounteous, with the Singers.
5. Men eagerly implore at sacrifices Agni, Most Youthful God, the joyous Herald.
     For he is Lord and Ruler over riches, and for Gods’ worship an unwearied envoy.

Mandala 7, Hymn 11

1. GREAT art thou, Agni, sacrifice’s Herald: not without thee are deathless Gods made joyful.
     Come hither with all Deities about thee here take thy seat, the first, as Priest, O Agni.
2. Men with oblations evermore entreat thee, the swift, to undertake an envoy’s duty.
     He on whose sacred grass with Gods thou sittest, to him, O Agni, are the days propitious.
3. Three times a day in thee are shown the treasures sent for the mortal who presents oblation.
     Bring the Gods hither like a man, O Agni: be thou our envoy, guarding us from curses.
4. Lord of the lofty sacrifice is Agni, Agni is Lord of every gift presented.
     The Vasus were contented with his wisdom, so the Gods made him their oblationbearer.
5. O Agni, bring the Gods to taste our presents: with Indra leading, here let them be joyful.
     Convey this sacrifice to Gods in heaven. Ye Gods, preserve us evermore with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 12

1. WE with great reverence have approached The Youngest who hath shone forth well-kindled in his dwelling,
     With wondrous light between wide earth and heaven, well-worshipped, looking forth in all directions.
2. Through his great might o’ercoming all misfortunes, praised in the house is Agni Jatavedas.
     May he protect us from disgrace and trouble, both us who laud him and our noble patrons.
3. O Agni, thou art Varuna and Mitra: Vasisthas with their holy hymns exalt thee.
     With thee be most abundant gain of treasure. Ye Gods, preserve us evermore with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 13

1. BRING song and hymn to Agni, Asura-slayer, enlightener of all and thought-bestower.
     Like an oblation on the grass, to please him, I bring this to Vaisvanara, hymn-inspirer.
2. Thou with thy flame, O Agni, brightly glowing, hast at thy birth filled full the earth and heaven.
     TIOU with thy might, Vaisvanara Jatavedas, settest the Gods free frodi the curse that bound them.
3. Agni, when, born thou lookedst on all creatures, like a brisk herdsman moving round his cattle.
     The path to prayer, Vaisvanara, thou foundest. Ye Gods, preserve us evermore with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 14

1. WITH reverence and with offered gifts serve we the God whose flame is bright:
     Let us bring Jatavedas fuel, and adore Agni when we invoke the Gods.
2. Agni, may we perform thy rites with fuel, and honour thee, O Holy one, with praises:
     Honour thee, Priest of sacrifice! with butter, thee, God of blessed light! with our oblation.
3. Come, Agni, with the Gods to our invoking, come, pleased, to offerings sanctified with Vasat.
     May we be his who pays thee, God, due honour. Ye Gods, preserve us evermore with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 15

1. OFFER oblations in his mouth, the bounteous God’s whom we must serve.
     His who is nearest kin to us:
2. Who for the Fivefold People’s take hath seated him in every home
     Wise, Youthful, Master of the house.
3. On all sides may that Agni guard our household folk and property;
     May he deliver us from woe.
4. I have begotten this new hymn for Agni, Falcon of the sky:
     Will he not give us of his wealth?
5. Whose lories when he glows in front of sacrite are fair to see,
     Like wealth of one with hero sons.
6. May he enjoy this hallowed gift, Agni accept our songs, who bears
     Oblations, best of worshippers.
7. Lord of the house, whom men must seek, we set thee down, O Worshipped Onel
     Bright, rich in heroes, Agni! God
8. Shine forth at night and morn: through thee with fires are we provided well.
     Thou, rich in heroes, art our Friend.
9. The men come near thee for their gain, the singers with their songs of praise:
     Speech, thousandfold, comes near to thee.
10. Bright, Purifier, meet for praise, Immortal with refulgent glow,
     Agni drives Raksasas away.
11. As such, bring us abundant wealth, young Child of Strength, for this thou canst
     May Bhaga give us what is choice.
12. Thou, Agni, givest hero fame: Bhaga and Savitar the God,
     And Did give us what is good.
13. Agni, preserve us from distress: consume our enemies, O God,
     Eternal, with the hottest flames.
14. And, irresistible, be thou a mighty iron fort to us,
     With hundred walls for man’s defence.
15. Do thou preserve us, eve and morn, from sorrow, from the wicked men,
     Infallible! by day and night.

Mandala 7, Hymn 16

1. WITH this my reverent hymn I call Agni for you, the Son of Strength,
     Dear, wisest envoy, served with noble sacrifice, immortal messenger of all.
2. His two red horses, all-supporting, let him yoke: let him, well-worshipped, urge them fast.
     Then hath the sacrifice good prayers and happy end, and heavenly gift of wealth to men.
3. The flame of him the Bountiful, the Much-invoked, hath mounted up,
     And his red-coloured smoke-clouds reach and touch the sky: the men are kindling Agni well.
4. Thee, thee Most Glorious One we make our messenger. Bring the Gods hither to the feast.
     Give us, O Son of Strength, all food that fcedeth man: give that for which we pray to thee.
5. Thou, Agni, art the homestead’s Lord, our Herald at the sacrifice.
     Lord of all boons, thou art the Cleanser and a Sage. Pay worship, and enjoy the good.
6. Give riches to the sacrificer, O Most Wise, for thou art he who granteth wealth.
     Inspire with zeal each priest at this our solemn rite; all who are skilled in singing praise.
7. O Agni who art worshipped well, dear let our princes he to thee,
     Our wealthy patrons who are governors of men, who part, as gifts, their stalls of kine.
8. They in whose home, her hand bearing the sacred oil, Ila sits down well-satisfied-
     Guard them, Victorious God, from slander and from harm. give us a refuge famed afar.
9. Do thou, a Priest with pleasant tongue, most wise, and very near to us,
     Agni, bring riches hither to our liberal chiefs, and speed the oflering of our gifts.
10. They who bestow as bounty plenteous wealth of steeds, moved by desire of great renown-
     Do thou with saving help preserve them from distress, Most Youthful! with a hundred forts.
11. The God who gives your wealth demands a full libation poured to him.
     Pour ye it forth, then fill the vessel full again: then doth the God pay heed to you.
12. Him have the Gods appointed Priest of sacrifice, oblation-bearer, passing wise.
     Agni gives wealth and valour to the worshipper, to folk who offer up their gifts.

Mandala 7, Hymn 17

1. AGNI, be kindled well with proper fuel, and let the grass be scattered wide about thee.
2. Let the impatient Portals be thrown open bring thou the Gods impatient to come hither.
3. Taste, Agni: serve the Gods with our oblation. Offer good sacrifices, Jatavedas!
4. Let Jatavedas pay fair sacrifices, worship andgratify the Gods Immortal.
5. Wise God, win for us things that are all-goodly, and let the prayers, we pray today be fruitful.
6. Thee, even thee, the Son of Strength, O Agni, those Gods have made the bearer of oblations.
7. To thee the God may we perform our worship: do thou, besought, grant us abundant riches.

Mandala 7, Hymn 18

1. ALL is with thee, O Indra, all the treasures which erst our fathers won who sang thy praises.
     With thee are milch-kine good to milk, and horses: best winner thou of riches for the pious.
2. For like a King among his wives thou dwellest: with glories, as a Sage, surround and help us.
     Make us, thy servants, strong for wealth, and honour our songs wirth kine and steeds and decoration.
3. Here these our holy hymns with joy and gladness in pious emulation have approached thee.
     Hitherward come thy path that leads to riches: may we find shelter in thy favour, Indra.
4. Vasistha hath poured forth his prayers, desiring to milk thee like a cow in goodly pasture.
     All these my people call thee Lord of cattle: may Indra. come unto the prayer we offer.
5. What though the floods spread widely, Indra made them shallow and easy for Sudas to traverse.
     He, worthy of our praises, caused the Simyu, foe of our hymn, to curse the rivers’ fury.
6. Eager for spoil was Turvasa Purodas, fain to win wealth, like fishes urged by hunger.
     The Bhrgus and the Druhyus quickly listened: friend rescued friend mid the two distant peoples.
7. Together came the Pakthas, the Bhalanas, the Alinas, the Sivas, the Visanins.
     Yet to the Trtsus came the Arya’s Comrade, through love of spoil and heroes’ war, to lead them.
8. Fools, in their folly fain to waste her waters, they parted inexhaustible Parusni.
     Lord of the Earth, he with his might repressed them: still lay the herd and the affrighted herdsman.
9. As to their goal they sped to their destruetion: they sought Parusni; e’en the swift returned not.
     Indra abandoned, to Sudas the manly, the swiftly flying foes, unmanly babblers.
10. They went like kine unherded from the pasture, each clinging to a friend as chance directed.
     They who drive spotted steeds, sent down by Prsni, gave ear, the Warriors and the harnessed horses.
11. The King who scattered one-and-twenty people of both Vaikarna tribes through lust of glory-
     As the skilled priest clips grass within the chamber, so hath the Hero Indra, wrought their downfall.
12. Thou, thunder-armed, o’erwhelmedst in the waters famed ancient Kavasa and then the Druhyu.
     Others here claiming friendship to their friendship, devoted unto thee, in thee were joyful.
13. Indra at once with conquering might demolished all their strong places and their seven castles.
     The goods of Anu’s son he gave to Trtsu. May we in sacrifice conquer scorned Puru.
14. The Anavas and Druhyus, seeking booty, have slept, the sixty hundred, yea, six thousand,
     And six-and-sixty heroes. For the pious were all these mighty exploits done by Indra.
15. These Trtsus under Indra’s careful guidance came speeding like loosed waters rushing downward.
     The foemen, measuring exceeding closely, abandoned to Sudas all their provisions.
16. The hero’s side who drank the dressed oblation, Indra’s denier, far o’er earth he scattered.
     Indra brought down the fierce destroyer’s fury. He gave them various roads, the path’s Controller.
17. E’en with the weak he wrought this matchless exploit: e’en with a goat he did to death a lion.
     He pared the pillar’s angles with a needle. Thus to Sudas Indra gave all provisions.
18. To thee have all thine enemies submitted: e’en the fierce Bheda hast thou made thy subject.
     Cast down thy sharpened thunderbolt, O Indra, on him who harms the men who sing thy praises.
19. Yamuna and the Trtsus aided Indra. There he stripped Bheda bare of all his treasures.
     The Ajas and the Sigrus and the Yaksus brought in to him as tribute heads of horses.
20. Not to be scorned, but like Dawns past and recent, O Indra, are thy favours and thy riches.
     Devaka, Manyamana’s son, thou slewest, and smotest Sambara from the lofty mountain.
21. They who, from home, have gladdened thee, thy servants Parasara, Vasistha, Satayatu,
     Will not forget thy friendship, liberal Giver. So shall the days dawn prosperous for the princes.
22. Priest-like, with praise, I move around the altar, earning Paijavana’s reward, O Agni,
     Two hundred cows from Devavan’s descendant, two chariots from Sudas with mares to draw them.
23. Gift of Paijavana, four horses bear me in foremost place, trained steeds with pearl to deck them.
     Sudas’s brown steeds, firmly-stepping, carry me and my son for progeny and glory.
24. Him whose fame spreads between wide earth and heaven, who, as dispenser, gives each chief his portion,
     Seven flowing Rivers glorify like Indra. He slew Yudhyamadhi in close encounter.
25. Attend on him O ye heroic Maruts as on Sudas’s father Divodasa.
     Further Paijavana’s desire with favour. Guard faithfully his lasting firm dominion.

Mandala 7, Hymn 19

1. HE like a bull with sharpened horns, terrific, singly excites and agitates all the people:
     Thou givest him who largely pours libations his goods who pours not, for his own possession.
2. Thou, verily, Indra, gavest help to Kutsa, willingly giving car to him in battle,
     When, aiding Arjuneya, thou subduedst to him both Kuyava and the Dasa Susna.
3. O Bold One, thou with all thine aids hast boldly holpen Sudas whose offerings were accepted,
     Puru in winning land and slaying foemen, and Trasadasyu son of Purukutsa.
4. At the Gods’ banquet, hero-souled! with Heroes, Lord of Bay Steeds, thou slewest many foemen.
     Thou sentest in swift death to sleep the Dasyu, both Cumuri and Dhuni, for Dabhiti.
5. These were thy mighty powers that, Thunder-wielder, thou swiftly crushedst nine-and-ninety castles:
     Thou capturedst the hundredth in thine onslaught; thou slewest Namuci, thou slewest Vrtra.
6. Old are the blessings, Indra, which thou gavest Sudas the worshipper who brought oblations.
     For thee, the Strong, I yoke thy strong Bay Horses: may our prayers reach thee and win strength, Most Mighty!
7. Give us not up, Lord of Bay Horses, Victor, in this thine own assembly, to the wicked.
     Deliver us with true and faithful succours: dear may we be to thee among the princes.
8. May we men, Maghavan, the friends thou lovest, near thee be joyful under thy protection.
     Fain to fulfil the wish of Atithigva humble. the pride of Turvasa and Yadva.
9. Swiftly, in truth, O Maghavan, about thee men skilled in hymning sing their songs and praises. ‘
     Elect us also into their assembly who by their calls on thee despoiled the niggards.
10. Thine are these lauds, O manliest of heroes, lauds which revert to us and give us riches.
     Favour these, Indra, when they fight with faemen, as Friend and Hero and the heroes’ Helper.
11. Now, lauded for thine aid, Heroic Indra, sped by our prayer, wax mighty in thy body.
     Apportion to us strength and habitations. Ye Gods, protect us evermore with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 20

1. STRONG, Godly-natured, born for hero exploit, man’s Friend, hedoth whatever deed he willeth.
     Saving us e’en from great transgression, Indra, the Youthful, visiteth man’s home with favour.
2. Waxing greatness Indra slayeth Vrtra: the Hero with his aid hath helped the singer.
     He gave Sudas wide room and space, and often hath granted wealth to him who brought oblations.
3. Soldier unchecked, war-rousing, battling Hero, unconquered from of old, victorious ever,
     Indra the very strong hath scattered armies; yea, he hath slain each foe who fought against him.
4. Thou with thy greatness hast filled full, O Indra, even both the worlds with might, O thou Most Mighty.
     Lord of Bays, Indra, brandishing his thunder, is gratified with Soma at the banquet.
5. A Bull begat the Bull for joy of battle, and a strong Mother brought forth him the manly.
     He who is Chief of men, their armies’ Leader, is strong Hero, bold, and fain for booty.
6. The people falter not, nor suffer sorrow, who win themselves this God’s terrific spirit.
     He who with sacrifices worships Indra is lord of wealth, law-born and law’s protector.
7. Whene’er the elder fain would help the younger the greater cometh to the lesser’s present.
     Shall the Immortal sit aloof’ inactive? O Wondrous Indra, bring us wondrous riches.
8. Thy dear folk, Indra, who present oblations, are, in chief place, thy friends, O Thunder-wielder.
     May we be best content in this thy favour, sheltered by One who slays not, but preserves us.
9. To thee the mighty hymn hath clamoured loudly, and, Maghavan, the eloquent hath besought thee.
     Desire of wealth hath come upon thy singer: help us then, gakra, to our share of riches.
10. Place us by food which thou hast given, O Indra, us and the wealthy patrons who command us.
     Let thy great power bring good to him who lauds thee. Ye Gods, preserve us evermore with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 21

1. PRESSED is the juice divine with milk commingled: thereto hath Indra ever been accustomed.
     We wake thee, Lord of Bays, with sacrifices: mark this our laud in the wild joy of Soma.
2. On to the rite they move, the grass they scatter, these Soma-drinkers eloquent in synod.
     Hither, for men to grasp, are brought the press-stones, far-thundering, famous, strong, that wait on heroes.
3. Indra, thou settest free the many waters that were encompassed, Hero, by the Dragon.
     Down rolled, as if on chariots borne, the rivers: through fear of thee all things created tremble.
4. Skilled in all manly deeds the God terrific hath with his weapons mastered these opponents.
     Indra in rapturous joy shook down their castles he slew them in his might, the Thunder-wielder.
5. No evil spirits have impelled us, Indra, nor fiends, O Mightiest God, with their devices.
     Let our true God subdue the hostile rabble: let not the lewd approach our holy worship.
6. Thou in thy strength surpassest Earth and Heaven: the regions comprehend not all thy greatness.
     With thine own power and might thou slewest Vrtra: no foe hath found the end of thee in battle.
7. Even the earlier Deities submitted their powers to thy supreme divine dominion.
     Indra wins wealth and deals it out to other’s: men in the strife for booty call on Indra.
8. The humble hath invoked thee for protection, thee, Lord of great felicity, O Indra.
     Thou with a hundred aids hast been our Helper: one who brings gifts like thee hath his defender.
9. May we, O Indra, be thy friends for ever, eagerly, Conqueror, yielding greater homage.
     May, through thy grace, the strength of us who battle quell in the shock the onset of the foeman.
10. Place us by food which thou hast given, O Indra, us and the wealthy patrons who command us.
     Let thy great power bring good to him who lauds thee. Ye Gods, preserve us evermore with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 23

1. PRAYERS have been offered up through love of glory: Vasistha, honour Indra in the battle.
     He who with might extends through all existence hears words which I, his faithful servant, utter.
2. A cry was raised which reached the Gods, O Indra, a cry to them to send us strength in combat.
     None among men knows his own life’s duration: bear us in safety over these our troubles.
3. The Bays, the booty-seeking car I harness: my prayers have reached him who accepts them gladly.
     Indra, when he had slain resistless foemen, forced with his might the two world-halves asunder.
4. Like barren cows, moreover, swelled the waters: the singen sought thy holy rite, O Indra.
     Come unto us as with his team comes Vayu: thou, through our solemn hymns bestowest booty.
5. So may these gladdening draughts rejoice thee, Indra, the Mighty, very bounteous to the singer.
     Alone among the Gods thou pitiest mortals: O Hero, make thee glad at this libation.
6. Thus the Vasisthas glorify with praises Indra, the Powerful whose arm wields thunder.
     Praised, may he guard our wealth in kine and heroes. Ye Gods, preserve us evermore with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 24

1. A HOME is made for thee to dwell in, Indra: O Much-invoked, go thitherwith the heroes.
     That thou, to prosper us, mayst be our Helper, vouchsafe us wealth, rejoice with draughts of Soma.
2. Indra, thy wish, twice-strong, is comprehended: pressed is the Soma, poured are pleasant juices.
     This hymn of praise, from loosened tongue, made perfect, draws Indra to itself with loud invoking.
3. Come, thou Impetuous; God, from earth or heaven; come to our holy grass to drink the Soma.
     Hither to me let thy Bay Horses bring thee to listen to our hymns and make thee joyful.
4. Come unto us with all thine aids, accordant, Lord of Bay Steeds, accepting our devotions,
     Fair-helmeted, o’ercoming with the mighty, and lending us the strength of bulls, O Indra.
5. As to the chariot pole a vigorous courser, this laud is brought to the great strong Upholder.
     This hymn solicits wealth of thee: in heaven, as ‘twere above the sky, set thou our glory.
6. With precious things. O Indra, thus content us: may we attain to thine exalted favour.
     Send our chiefs plenteous food with hero children. Preserve us evermore, ye Gods, with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 25

WHEN with thy mighty help, O potent Indra, the armies rush together in their fury.
     When from the strong man’s arm the lightning flieth, let not the mind go forth to side with others.
2. O Indra, where the ground is hard to traverse, smite down our foes, the mortals who assail us,
     Keep far from us the curse of the reviler: bring us accumulated store of treasures.
3. God of the fair helm, give Sudas a hundred succours, a thousand blessings, and thy bounty.
     Strike down the weapon of our mortal foeman: bestow upon us splendid fame and riches.
4. I wait the power of one like thee, O Indra, gifts of a Helper such as thou art, Hero.
     Strong, Mighty God, dwell with me now and ever: Lord of Bay Horses, do not thou desert us.
5. Here are the Kutsas supplicating Indra for might, the Lord of Bays for God-sent conquest.
     Make our foes ever easy to be vanquished: may we, victorious, win the spoil, O Hero.
6. With precious things, O Indra, thus content us: may we attain to thine exalted favour.
     Send our chiefs plenteous food with hero children. Preserve us evermore, ye Gods, with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 26

1. SOMA unpressed ne’er gladdened liberal Indra, no juices pressed without a prayer have pleased him.
     I generate a laud that shall delight him, new and heroic, so that he may hear us.
2. At every laud the Soma gladdens Indra: pressed juices please him as each psalm is chanted,
     What time the priests with one united effort call him to aid, as sons invoke their father.
3. These deeds he did; let him achieve new exploits, such as the priests declare at their libations.
     Indra hath taken and possessed all castles, like as one common husband doth his spouses.
4. Even thus have they declared him. Famed is Indra as Conqueror, sole distributer of treasures;
     Whose many succours come in close succession. May dear delightful benefits attend us.
5. Thus, to bring help to men, Vasistha laudeth Indra, the peoples’ Hero, at libation.
     Bestow upon us strength and wealth in thousands. Preserve us evermore, ye Gods, with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 27

1. MEN call on Indra in the armed encounter that he may make the hymns they sing decisive.
     Hero, rejoicing in thy might, in combat give us a portion of the stall of cattle,
2. Grant, Indra Maghavan, invoked of many, to these my friends the strength which thou possessest.
     Thou, Maghavan, hast rent strong places open: unclose for us, Wise God, thy hidden bounty.
3. King of the living world, of men, is Indra, of all in varied form that earth containeth.
     Thence to the worshipper he giveth riches: may he enrich us also when we laud him.
4. Maghavan Indra, when we all invoke him, bountiful ever sendeth strength to aid us:
     Whose perfect guerdon, never failing, bringeth wealth to the men, to friends the thing they covet.
5. Quick, Indra, give us room and way to riches, and let us bring thy mind to grant us treasures,
     That we may win us cars and Steeds and cattle. Preserve us evermore, ye Gods, with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 28

1. COME to our prayers, O Indra, thou who knowest: let thy Bay Steeds be yoked and guided hither.
     Though mortal men on every side invoke thee, still give thine ear to us, O All-impeller.
2. Thy greatness reacheth to our invocation, the sages’ prayer which, Potent God, thou guardest.
     What time thy hand, O Mighty, holds the thunder, awful in strength thou hast become resistless.
3. What time thou drewest both world-halves together, like heroes led by thee who call each other-
     For thou wast born for strength and high dominion-then e’en the active overthrew the sluggish.
4. Honour us in these present days, O Indra, for hostile men are making expiation.
     Our sin that sinless Varuna discovered, the Wondrous-Wise hath long ago forgiven.
5. We will address this liberal Lord, this Indra, that he may grant us gifts of ample riches,
     Best favourer of the singer’s prayer and praises. Preserve us evermore, ye Gods, with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 29

1. THIS Soma hath been pressed for thee, O Indra: come hither, Lord of Bays, for this thou lovest.
     Drink of this fair, this well-effused libation: Maghavan, give us wealth when we implore thee.
2. Come to us quickly with thy Bay Steeds, Hero, come to our prayer, accepting our devotion.
     Enjoy thyself aright at this libation, and listen thou unto the prayers we offer.
3. What satisfaction do our hymns afford thee? When, Maghavan? Now let us do thee service.
     Hymns, only hymns, with love for thee, I weave thee: then hear, O Indra, these mine invocations.
4. They, verily, were also human beings whom thou wast wont to hear, those earlier sages.
     Hence I, O Indra Maghavan, invoke thee: thou art our Providence, even as a Father.
5. We will address this liberal Lord, this Indra, that he may grant us gifts of ample riches,
     Best favourer of the singer’s prayer and praises. Preserve us evermore, ye Gods, with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 30

1. WITH power and strength, O Mighty God, approach us: be the augmenter, Indra, of these riches;
     Strong Thunderer, Lord of men, for potent valour, for manly exploit and for high dominion.
2. Thee, worth invoking, in the din of battle, heroes invoke in fray for life and sunlight.
     Among all people thou art foremost fighter: give up our enemies to easy slaughter.
3. When fair bright days shall dawn on us, O Indra, and thou shalt bring thy banner near in battle,
     Agni the Asura shall sit as Herald, calling Gods hither for our great good fortune.
4. Thine are we, Indra, thine, both these who praise thee, and those who give rich gifts, O God and Hero.
     Grant to our princes excellent protection, may they wax old and still be strong and happy.
5. We will address this liberal Lord, this Indra that he may grant us gifts of ample riches:
     Best favourer of the singer’s prayer and praises. Preserve us evermore, ye Gods, with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 31

1. SING ye a song, to make him glad, to Indra, Lord of Tawny Steeds,
     The Soma-drinker, O my friends.
2. To him the Bounteous say the laud, and let us glorify, as men May do, the Giver of true gifts.
3. O Indra, Lord of boundless might, for us thou winnest strength and kine,
     Thou winnest gold for us, Good Lord.
4. Faithful to thee we loudly sing, heroic Indra, songs to thee: Mark, O Good Lord, this act of ours.
5. Give us not up to man’s reproach, to foeman’s hateful calumny: In thee alone is all my strength.
6. Thou art mine ample coat of mail, my Champion, Vrtra-Slayer, thou:
     With thee for Friend I brave the foe.
7. Yea, great art thou whose conquering might two independent Powers confess.
     The Heaven, O India, and the Earth.
8. So let the voice surround thee, which attends the Maruts on their way,
     Reaching thee with the rays of light.
9. Let the ascending drops attain to thee, the Wondrous God, in heaven:
     Let all the folk bow down to thee.
10. Bring to the Wise, the Great, who waxeth mighty, your offerings, and make ready your devotion;
     To many clans he goeth, man’s controller.
11. For Indra, the sublime, the far-pervading, have singers generated prayer and praises:
     The sages never violate his statutes.
12. The choirs have stablished Indra King for ever, for victory, him whose anger is resistless:
     And, for the Bays’ Lord, strengthened those he loveth.

Mandala 7, Hymn 32

1. LET none, no, not thy worshippers, delay thee far away from us.
     Even from far away come thou unto our feast, or listen if already here.
2. For here, like flies on honey, these who pray to thee sit by the juice that they have poured.
     Wealth-craving singers have on Indra set their hope, as men set foot upon a car.
3. Longing for wealth I call on him, the Thunderer with the strong right hand,
     As a son calleth on his sire.
4. These Soma juices, mixed with curd, have been expressed for Indra here.
     Come with thy Bay Steeds, Thunder-wielder, to our home, to drink them till they make thee glad.
5. May he whose ear is open hear us. He is asked for wealth: will he despise our prayer?
     Him who bestows at once a hundred thousand gifts none shall restrain when he would give.
6. The hero never checked by men hath gained his strength through Indra, he
     Who presses out and pours his deep libations forth, O Vrtra-slayer, unto thee.
7. When thou dost drive the fighting men together be, thou Mighty One, the mighty’s shield.
     May we divide the wealth of him whom thou hast slain: bring us, Unreachable, his goods.
8. For Indra, Soma-drinker, armed with thunder, press the Soma juice.
     Make ready your dressed meats: cause him to favour us. The Giver blesses him who gives.
9. Grudge not, ye Soma pourers; stir you, pay the rites, for wealth, to the great Conqueror.
     Only the active conquers dwells in peace, and thrives: not for the niggard are the Gods.
10. No one hath overturned or stayed the car of him who freely gives.
     The man whom Indra and the Marut host defend comes to a stable full of kine.
11. Indra, that man when fighting shall obtain the spoil, whose strong defender thou wilt be.
     Be thou the gracious helper, Hero I of our cars, be thou the helper of our men.
12. His portion is exceeding great like a victorious soldier’s spoil.
     Him who is Indra, Lord of Bays, no foes subdue. He gives the Soma-pourer strength.
13. Make for the Holy Gods a hymn that is not mean, but well-arranged and fair of form.
     Even many snares and bonds subdue not him who dwells with Indra through his sacrifice.
14. Indra, what mortal will attack the man who hath his wealth in thee?
     The strong will win the spoil on the decisive day through faith in thee, O Maghavan.
15. In battles with the foe urge on our mighty ones who give the treasures dear to thee,
     And may we with our princes, Lord of Tawny Steeds! pass through all peril, led by thee.
16. Thine, Indra, is the lowest wealth, thou cherishest the mid-most wealth,
     Thou ever rulest all the highest: in the fray for cattle none resisteth thee.
17. Thou art renowned as giving wealth to every one in all the battles that are fought.
     Craving protection, all these people of the earth, O Much-invoked, implore thy name.
18. If I, O Indra, were the Lord of riches ample as thine own,
     I should support the singer, God. who givest wealth! and not abandon him to woe.
19. Each day would I enrich the man who sang my praise, in whatsoever place he were.
     No kinship is there better, Maghavan, than thine: a father even is no more.
20. With Plenty for his true ally the active man will gain the spoil.
     Your Indra, Much-invoked, I bend with song, as bends a wright his wheel of solid wood.
21. A moral wins no riches by unworthy praise: wealth comes not to the niggard churl.
     Light is the task to give, O Maghavan, to one like me on the decisive day.
22. Like kine unmilked we call aloud, Hero, to thee, and sing thy praise,
     Looker on heavenly light, Lord of this moving world, Lord, Indra, of what moveth not.
23. None other like to thee, of earth or of the heavens, hath been or ever will be born.
     Desiring horses, Indra Maghavan! and kine, as men of might we call on thee.
24. Bring, Indra, the Victorious Ones; bring, elder thou, the younger host.
     For, Maghavan, thou art rich in treasures from of old, and must be called in every fight.
25. Drive thou away our enemies, O Maghavan: make riches easy to be won.
     Be thou our good Protector in the strife for spoil: Cherisher of our friends be thou.
26. O Indra, give us wisdom as a sire gives wisdom to his sons.
     Guide us, O Much-invoked, in this our way may we still live and look upon the light.
27. Grant that no mighty foes, unknown, malevolent, unhallowed, tread us to the ground.
     With thine assistance, Hero, may we ass through all the waters that are rul`ng down.

Mandala 7, Hymn 33

1. THESE who wear hair-knots on the right, the movers of holy thought, white-robed, have won me over.
     I warned the men, when from the grass I raised me, Not from afar can my Vasisthas help you.
2. With soma they brought Indra from a distance, Over Vaisanta, from the strong libation.
     Indra preferred Vasisthas to the Soma pressed by the son of Vayata, Pasadyumna.
3. So, verily, with these he crossed the river, in company with these he slaughtered Bheda.
     So in the fight with the Ten Kings, Vasisthas! did Indra help Sudas through your devotions.
4. I gladly, men I with prayer prayed by our fathers have fixed your axle: ye shall not be injured:
     Since, when ye sang aloud the Sakvari verses, Vasisthas! ye invigorated Indra.
5. Like thirsty men they looked to heaven, in battle with the Ten Kings, surrounded and imploring.
     Then Indra heard Vasistha as he praised him, and gave the Trtsus ample room and freedom.
6. Like sticks and staves wherewith they drive the cattle, Stripped bare, the Bharatas were found defenceless:
     Vasistha then became their chief and leader: then widely. were the Trtsus’ clans extended.
7. Three fertilize the worlds with genial moisture: three noble Creatures cast a light before them.
     Three that give warmth to all attend the morning. All these have they discovered, these Vasisthas.
8. Like the Sun’s growing glory is their splendour, and like the sea’s is their unflathomed greatness.
     Their course is like the wind’s. Your laud, Vasisthas, can never be attained by any other.
9. They with perceptions of the heart in secret resort to that which spreads a thousand branches.
     The Apsaras brought hither the Vasisthas wearing the vesture spun for them by Yama.
10. A form of lustre springing from the lightning wast thou, when Varuna and Mitra saw thee.
     Tliy one and only birth was then, Vasistha, when from thy stock Agastya brought thee hither.
11. Born of their love for Urvasi, Vasistha thou, priest, art son of Varuna and Mitra;
     And as a fallen drop, in heavenly fervour, all the Gods laid thee on a lotus-blossorn.
12. He thinker, knower both of earth and heaven, endowed with many a gift, bestowing thousands,
     Destined to wear the vesture spun by Yama, sprang from the Apsaras to life, Vasistha.
13. Born at the sacrifice, urged by adorations, both with a common flow bedewed the pitcher.
     Then from the midst thereof there rose up Mana, and thence they say was born the sage Vasistha.
14. He brings the bearer of the laud and Saman: first shall he speak bringing the stone for pressing.
     With grateful hearts in reverence approach him: to you, O Pratrdas, Vasistha cometh.

Mandala 7, Hymn 34

1. MAY our divine and brilliant hymn go forth, like a swift chariot wrought and fashioned well.
2. The waters listen as they flow along: they know the origin of heaven and earth.
3. Yea, the broad waters swell their flood ior him: of him strong heroes think amid their foes.
4. Set ye for him the coursers to the pole: like Indra Thunderer is the Golden-armed.
5. Arouse you, like the days, to sacrifice speed gladly like a traveller on the way.
6. Go swift to battles, to the sacrifice: set up a flag, a hero for the folk.
7. Up from his strength hath risen as ‘twere a light: it bears the load as earth bears living things.
8. Agni, no demon I invoke the Gods: by law completing it, I form a hymn.
9. Closely albout you lay your heavenly song, and send your voice to where the Gods abide.
10. Varuna, Mighty, with a thousand eyes, beholds the paths wherein these rivers run.
11. He, King of kings, the glory of the floods, o’er all that liveth hath resistless sway.
12. May he assist us among all the tribes, and make the envier’s praise devoid of light.
13. May the foes’ threatening arrow pass us by: may he put far from us our bodies’ sin.
14. Agni, oblation-cater, through our prayers aid us: to him our dearest laud is brought.
15. Accordant with the Gods choose for our Friend the Waters’ Child: may he be good to us.
16. With lauds I sing the Dragon born of floods: he sits beneath the streams in middle air.
17. Ne’er may the Dragon of the Deep harm us: ne’er fail this faithful servant’s sacrifice.
18. To these our heroes may they grant renown: may pious men march boldly on to wealth.
19. Leading great hosts, with fierce attacks of these, they burn their foes as the Sun burns the earth.
20. What time our wives draw near to us, may he, left-handed Tvastar, give us hero sons.
21. May Tvastar find our hymn acceptable, and may Aramati, seeking wealth, be ours.
22. May they who lavish gifts bestow those treasures: may Rodasi and Varunani listen.
     May he, with the Varutris, be our refuge, may bountiful Tvastar give us store of riches.
23. So may rich Mountains and the liberal Waters, so may all Herbs that grow on ground, and Heaven,
     And Earth accordant with the Forest-Sovrans, and both the World-halves round about protect us.
24. To this may both the wide Worlds lend approval, and Varuna in heaven, whose Friend is Indra.
     May all the Maruts give consent, the Victors, that we may hold great wealth in firm possession.
25. May Indra, Varuna, Mitra, and Agni, Waters, Herbs, Trees accept the praise we offer.
     May we find refuge in the Marut’s bosom. Protect us evermore, ye Gods, with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 35

1. BEFRIEND us with their aids Indra and Agni, Indra and Varuna who receive oblations!
     Indra and Soma give health, strength and comfort, Indra and Pusan be our help in battle.
2. Auspicious Friends to us be Bhaga, Sathsa, auspicious be Purandhi aid all Riches;
     The blessing of the true and well-conducted, and Aryaman in many forms apparent.
3. Kind unto us he Maker and Sustainer, and the far-reaching Pair with God-like natures.
     Auspicious unto us be Earth and Heaven, the Mountain, and the Gods’ fair invocations.
4. Favour us Agni with his face of splendour, and Varuva and Mitra and the Asvins.
     Favour us noble actions of the pious, impetuous vita blow on us with favour.
5. Early invoked, may Heaven and Earth be friendly, and Air’s mid-region good for us to look on.
     To us may Herbs and Forest-Trees be gracious, gracious the Lord Victorious of the region.
6. Be the God Indra with the Vasus friendly, and, with Adityas, Varuna who blesseth.
     Kind, with the Rudras, be the Healer Rudra, and, with the Dames, may Tvastar kindly listen.
7. Blest unto us be Soma, and devotions, blest be the Sacrifice, the Stones for pressing.
     Blest be the fixing of the sacred Pillars, blest be the tender Grass and blest the Altar.
8. May the far-seeing Sun rise up to bless us: be the four Quarters of the sky auspicious.
     Auspicious be the firmly-seated Mountains, auspicious be the Rivers and the Waters.
9. May Adid through holy works be gracioas, and may the Maruts, loud in song, be friendly.
     May Visnu give felicity, and Pusan, the Air that cherisheth our life, and Vayu.
10. Prosper us Savitar, the God who rescues, and let the radiant Mornings be propitious.
     Auspicious to all creatures be Parjanya, auspicious be the field’s benign Protector.
11. May all the fellowship of Gods befriend us, Sarasvati, with Holy Thoughts, be gracious.
     Friendly be they, the Liberal Ones who seek us, yea, those who dwell in heaven, on earth, in waters.
12. May the great Lords of Truth protect and aid us: blest to us be our horses and our cattle.
     Kind be the pious skilful-handed Rbhus, kind be the Fathers at our invocations.
13. May Aja-Ekapad, the God, be gracious, gracious the Dragon of the Deep, and Ocean.
     Gracious be he the swelling Child of Waters, gracious be Prsni who hath Gods to guard her.
14. So may the Rudras, Vasus, and Adityas accept the new hymn which we now are making.
     May all the Holy Ones of earth and heaven, and the Cow’s offipring hear our invocation.
15. They who of Holy Gods are very holy, Immortal, knowing Law, whom man must worship,-
     May these to-day give us broad paths to travel. Preserve us evermore, ye Gods, with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 36

1. LET the prayer issue from the seat of Order, for Surya with his beams hath loosed the cattle.
     With lofty ridges earth is far extended, and Agni’s flame hath lit the spacious surface.
2. O Asuras, O Varuna and Mitra, this hymn to you, like food, anew I offer.
     One of you is a strong unerring Leader, and Mitra, speaking, stirreth men to labour.
3. The movements of the gliding wind come hither: like cows, the springs are filled to overflowing.
     Born in the station e’en of lofty heaven the Bull hath loudly bellowed in this region.
4. May I bring hither with my song, O Indra, wise Aryaman who yokes thy dear Bay Horses,
     Voracious, with thy noble car, O Hero, him who defeats the wrath of the malicious.
5. In their own place of sacrifice adorers worship to gain long life and win his friendship.
     He hath poured food on men when they have praised him; be this, the dearest reverence, paid to Rudra.
6. Coming together, glorious, loudly roaring – Sarasvati, Mother of Floods, the seventh-
     With copious milk, with fair streams, strongly flowing, full swelling with the volume of their water;
7. And may the mighty Maruts, too, rejoicing, aid our devotion and protect our offspring.
     Let not swift-moving Aksara neglect us: they have increased our own appropriate riches,
8. Bring ye the great Aramati before you, and Pusan as the Hero of the synod,
     Bhaga who looks upon this hymn with favour, and, as our strength, the bountiful Purandbi.
9. May this our song of praise reach you, O Maruts, and Visnu guardian of the future infant.
     May they vouchsafe the singer strength for offspring. Preserve us evermore, ye Gods, with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 37

1. LET your best-bearing car that must be lauded, ne’er injured, bring you Vajas and Rbhuksans.
     Fill you, fair-helmeted! with mighty Soma, thrice-mixed, at our libations to delight you.
2. Ye who behold the light of heaven, Rbhuksans, give our rich patrons unmolested riches.
     Drink, heavenly-natured. at our sacrifices, and give us bounties for the hymns we sing you.
3. For thou, O Bounteous One, art used to giving, at parting treasure whether small or ample.
     Filled full are both thine arms with great possessions: thy goodness keeps thee not from granting riches.
4. Indra, high-famed, as Vaja and Rbhuksans, thou goest working, singing to the dwelling.
     Lord of Bay Steeds, this day may we Vasisthas offer our prayers to thee and bring oblations.
5. Thou winnest swift advancement for thy servant, through hymns, Lord of Bay Steeds, which thou hast favoured.
     For thee with friendly succour have we battled, and when, O Indra, wilt thou grant us riches?
6. To us thy priests a home, as ‘twere, thou givest: when, Indra wilt thou recognize our praises?
     May thy strong Steed, through our ancestral worship, bring food and wealth with heroes to our dwelling.
7. Though Nirrti the Goddess reigneth round him, Autumns with food in plenty come to Indra.
     With three close Friends to length of days he cometh, he whom men let not rest at home in quiet.
8. Promise us gifts, O Savitar: may riches come unto us in Parvata’s full bounty.
     May the Celestial Guardian still attend us. Preserve us evermore, ye Gods, with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 38

1. ON high hath Savitar, this God, extended the golden lustre which he spreads around him.
     Now, now must Bhaga be invoked by mortals, Lord of great riches who distributes treasures.
2. Rise up, O Savitar whose hands are golden, and hear this man while sacrifice is offered,
     Spreading afar thy broad and wide effulgence, and bringing mortal men the food that feeds them.
3. Let Savitar the God he hymned with praises, to whom the Vasus, even, all sing glory.
     Sweet be our lauds to him whose due is worship: may he with all protection guard our princes.
4. Even he whom Aditi the Goddess praises, rejoicing in God Savitar’s incitement:
     Even he who praise the high imperial Rulers, Varuna, Mitra, Aryaman, sing in concert.
5. They who come emulous to our oblation, dispensing bounty, from the earth and heaven.
     May they and Ahibudhnya hear our calling: guard us Varutri with the Ekadhenus.
6. This may the Lord of Life, entreated, grant us,-the wealth which Savitar the God possesses.
     The mighty calls on Bhaga for protection, on Bhaga calls the weak to give him riches.
7. Bless us the Vajins when we call, while slowly they move, strong Singers, to the Gods’ assembly.
     Crushing the wolf, the serpent, and the demons, may they completely banish all affliction.
8. Deep-skilled in Law eternal, deathless, Singers, O Vajins, help us in each fray for booty.
     Drink of this meath, he satisfied, be joyful: then go on paths which Gods are wont to travel.

Mandala 7, Hymn 39

1. AGNI, erect, hath shown enriching favour: the flame goes forward to the Gods’ assembly.
     Like car-borne men the stones their path have chosen: let the priest, quickened, celebrate our worship.
2. Soft to the tread, their sacred grass is scattered: these go like Kings amid the band around them,
     At the folks early call on Night and Morning,-Vayu, and Pusan with his team, to bless us.
3. Here on their path the noble Gods proceeded: in the wide firmament the Beauteous decked them.
     Bend your way hither, ye who travel widely: hear this our envoy who hath gone to meet you.
4. For they are holy aids at sacrifices: all Gods approach the place of congregation.
     Bring these, desirous, to our worship, Agni, swift the Nisatyas, Bhaga, and Purandhi.
5. Agni, to these men’s hymns, from earth, from heaven, bring Mitra, Varuna, Indra, and Agni,
     And Aryaman, and Aditi, and Visnu. Sarasvati be joyful, and the Maruts.
6. Even as the holy wish, the gift is offered: may he, unsated, come when men desire him.
     Give never-failing ever-conquering riches: with Gods for our allies may we be victors.
7. Now have both worlds been praised by the Vasisthas; and holy Mitra, Varuna, and Agni.
     May they, bright Deities, make our song supremest. Preserve us evermore, ye Gods, with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 40

1. BE gathered all the audience of the synod: let us begin their praise whose course is rapid.
     Whate’er God Savitar this day produces, may we be where the Wealthy One distributes.
2. This, dealt from heaven ‘ may both the Worlds vouchsafe us, and Varuna, Indra, Aryaman, and Mitra.
     May Goddess Aditi assign us riches, Vayu and Bhaga make them ours for ever.
3. Strong be the man and full of power, O Maruts, whom ye, borne on by spotted coursers, favour.
     Him, too, Sarasvati and Agni further, and there is none to rob him of his riches.
4. This Varuna is guide of Law, he, Mitra, and Aryaman, the Kings, our work have finished.
     Divine and foeless Aditi quickly listens. May these deliver us unharmed from trouble.
5. With offerings I propitiate the branches of this swift-moving God, the bounteous Visnu.
     Hence Rudra gained his Rudra-strength: O Asvins, ye sought the house that hath celestial viands.
6. Be not thou angry here, O glowing Pusan, for what Varutri and the Bounteous gave us.
     May the swift-moving Gods protect and bless us, and Vata send us rain, wha wanders round us.
7. Now have both worlds been praised by the Vasisthas, and holy Mitra, Varuna, and Agni.
     May they, bright Deities, make our song supremest. Preserve us evermore, ye Gods, with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 41

1. AGNI at dawn, and Indra we invoke at dawn, and Varuna and Mitra, and the Asvins twain.
     Bhaga at dawn, Pusan, and Brahmanaspati, Soma at dawn, Rudra we will invoke at dawn.
2. We will invoke strong, early-conquering Bhaga, the Son of Aditi, the great supporter:
     Thinking of whom, the poor, yea, even the mighty, even the King himself says, Give me Bhaga.
3. Bhaga our guide, Bhaga whose gifts are faithful, favour this song, and give us wealth, O Bhaga.
     Bhaga, augment our store of kine and horses, Bhaga, may we be rich in men and heroes.
4. So may felicity be ours at present, and when the day approaches, and at noontide;
     And may we still, O Bounteous One, at sunset be happy in the Deities’ loving-kindness.
5. May Bhaga verily be bliss-bestower, and through him, Gods! may happiness attend us.
     As such, O Bhaga, all with might invoke thee: as such be thou our Champion here, O Bhaga.
6. To this our worship may all Dawns incline them, and come to the pure place like Dadhikravan.
     As strong steeds draw a chariot may they bring us hitherward Bhaga who discovers treasure.
7. May blessed Mornings dawn on us for ever, with wealth of kine, of horses, and of heroes,
     Streaming with all abundance, pouring fatness. Preserve us evermore, ye Gods, with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 42

1. LET Brahmans and Angirases come forward, and let the roar of cloudy heaven surround us.
     Loud low the Milch-kine swimming in the waters: set be the stones that grace our holy service.
2. Fair, Agni, is thy long-known path to travel: yoke for the juice tfiy bay, thy ruddy horses,
     Or red steeds, Hero-bearing, for the chamber. Seated, I call the Deities’ generations.
3. They glorify your sacrifice with worship, yet the glad Priest near them is left unequalled.
     Bring the Gods hither, thou of many aspects: turn hitherward Aramati the Holy.
4. What time the Guest hath made himself apparent, at ease reclining in the rich man’s dwelling,
     Agni, well-pleased, well-placed within the chamber gives to a house like this wealth worth the choosing.
5. Accept this sacrifice of ours, O Agni; glorify it with Indra and the Maruts.
     Here on our grass let Night and Dawn be seated: bring longing Varuna and Mitra hither.
6. Thus hath Vasistha praised victorious Agni, yearning for wealth that giveth all subsistence.
     May he bestow on us food, strength, and riches. Preserve us evermore, ye Gods, with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 43

1. SING out the pious at your sacrifices to move with adorations Earth and Heaven-
     The Holy Singers, whose unmatched devotions, like a tree’s branches, part in all directions.
2. Let sacrifice proceed like some fleet courser: with one accord lift ye on high the ladles.
     Strew sacred grass meet for the solenm service: bright flames that love the Gods have mounted upward.
3. Like babes in arms reposing on their mother, let the Gods sit upon the grass’s summit.
     Let general fire make bright the flame of worship: scorn us not, Agni, in the Gods’ assembly.
4. Gladly the Gods have let themselves be honoured, milking the copious streams of holy Order.
     The highest might to-day is yours, the Vasits’: come ye, as many as ye are, one-minded.
5. So, Agni, send us wealth among the people: may we be closely knit to thee, O Victor,
     Unharmed, and rich, and taking joy together. Preserve us evermore, ye ods, with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 44

1. I CALL on Dadhikras, the first, to give  you aid, the Asvins, Bhaga, Dawn, and Agni kindled well,
     Indra, and Visnu, Pusan, Brahmanaspati, Adityas, Heaven and Earth, the Waters, and the Light.
2. When, rising, to the sacrifice we hasten, awaking Dadhikras with adorations.
     Seating on sacred grass the Goddess Ila. let us invoke the sage swift-hearing Asvins.
3. While I am thus arousing Dadhikravan I speak to Agni, Earth, and Dawn, and Surya,
     The red, the brown of Varuna ever mindful: may they ward off from us all grief and trouble.
4. Foremost is Dadhikravan, vigorous courser; in forefront of the cars, his way he knoweth,
     Closely allied with Surya and with Morning, Adityas, and Angirases, and Vasus.
5. May Dadhikras prepare the way we travel that we may pass along the path of Order.
     May Agni bear us, and the Heavenly Army: hear us all Mighty Ones whom none deceiveth.

Mandala 7, Hymn 45

1. MAY the God Savitar, rich in goodly treasures, filling the region, borne by steeds, come hither,
     In his hand holding much that makes men happy, lulling to slumber and arousing creatures.
2. Golden, sublime, and easy in their motion, his arms extend unto the bounds of heaven.
     Now shall that mightiness of his he lauded: even Surya yields to him in active vigour.
3. May this God Savitar, the Strong and Mighty, the Lord of precious wealth, vouchsafe us treasures.
     May he, advancing his far-spreading lustre, bestow on us the food that feedeth mortals.
4. These songs praise Savitar whose tongue is pleasant, praise him whose arms are full, whose hands are lovely.
     High vital strength, and manifold, may he grant us. Preserve us evermore, ye Gods, with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 46

1. To Rudra bring these songs, whose bow is firm and strong, the self-dependent God with swiftly-flying shafts,
     The Wise, the Conqueror whom none may overcome, armed with sharp-pointed weapons: may he hear our call.
2. He through his lordship thinks on beings of the earth, on heavenly beings through his high imperial sway.
     Come willingly to our doors that gladly welcome thee, and heal all sickness, Rudra., in our families.
3. May thy bright arrow which, shot down by thee from heaven, flieth upon the earth, pass us uninjured by.
     Thou, very gracious God, bast thousand medicines: inflict no evil on our sons or progeny.
4. Slay us not, nor abandon us, O Rudra let not thy noose, when thou art angry, seize us.
     Give us trimmed grass and fame among the living. Preserve us evermore, ye Gods, with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 47

1. MAY we obtain this day from you, O Waters, that wave of pure refreshment, which the pious
     Made erst the special beverage of Indra, bright, stainless, rich in sweets and dropping fatness.
2. May the Floods’ Offspring, he whose course is rapid, protect that wave most rich in sweets, O Waters,
     That shall make Indra and the Vasus joyful. This may we gain from you to-day, we pious.
3. All-purifying, joying in their nature, to paths of Gods the Goddesses move onward.
     They never violate the laws of Indra. Present the oil-rich offering to the Rivers.
4. Whom Surya with his bright beams hath attracted, and Indra dug the path for them to travel,
     May these Streams give us ample room and freedom. Preserve us evermore, ye Gods, with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 48

1. YE liberal Heroes, Vajas and Rbhuksans, come and delight you with our flowing Soma.
     May your strength, Vibhus, as ye come to meet us, turn hitherward your car that brings men profit.
2. May we as Rbhu with your Rbhus conquer strength with our strength, as Vibhus with the Vibhus.
     May Vaja aid us in the fight for booty, and helped by Indra may we quell the foeman.
3. For they rule many tribes with high dominion, and conquer all their foes in close encounter.
     May Indra, Vibhvan, Vaja, and Rbhuksan destroy by turns the wicked foeman’s valour.
4. Now, Deities, give us ample room and freedom: be all of you, one-minded, our protection.
     So let the Vasus grant us strength and vigour. Preserve us evermore, ye Gods, with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 49

1. FORTH from the middle of the flood the Waters-their chief the Sea-flow cleansing, never sleeping.
     Indra, the Bull, the Thunderer, dug their channels: here let those Waters, Goddesses, protect me.
2. Waters which come from heaven, or those that wander dug from the earth, or flowing free by nature,
     Bright, purifying, speeding to the Ocean, here let those Waters. Goddesses, protect me.
3. Those amid whom goes Varuna the Sovran, he who discriminates men’s truth and falsehood-
     Distilling meath, the bright, the purifying, here let those Waters, Goddesses, protect me.
4. They from whom Varuna the King, and Soma, and all the Deities drink strength and vigour,
     They into whom Vaisvanara Agni entered, here let those Waters, Goddesses, protect Me.

Mandala 7, Hymn 50

1. O MITRA-VARUNA, guard and protect me here: let not that come to me which nests within and swells.
     I drive afar the scorpion hateful to the sight: let not the winding worm touch me and wound my foot.
2. Eruption that appears upon the twofold joints, and that which overspreads the ankles and the knees,
     May the refulgent Agni banish far away let not the winding worm touch me and wound my foot.
3. The poison that is formed upon the Salmali, that which is found in streams, that which the plants produce,
     All this may all the Gods banish and drive away: let not the winding worm touch me and wound my foot.
4. The steep declivities, the valleys, and the heights, the channels full of water, and the waterless-
     May those who swell with water, gracious Goddesses, never afflict us with the Sipada disease, may all the rivers keep us free

Mandala 7, Hymn 51

1. THROUGH the Adityas’ most auspicious shelter, through their most recent succour may we conquer.
     May they, the Mighty, giving ear, establish this sacrifice, to make us free and sinless.
2. Let Aditi rejoice and the Adityas, Varuna, Mitra, Aryaman, most righteous.
     May they, the Guardians of the world, protect us, and, to show favour, drink this day our Soma.
3. All Universal Deities, the Maruts, all the Adityas, yea, and all the Rbhus,
     Indra, and Agni, and the Asvins, lauded. Preserve us evermore, ye Gods, with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 52

1. MAY we be free from every bond, Adityas! a castle among Gods and men, ye Vasus.
     Winning, may we win Varuna and Mitra, and, being, may we be, O Earth and Heaven.
2. May Varuna and Mitra grant this blessing, our Guardians, shelter to our seed and offspring.
     Let us not suffer for another’s trespass. nor do the thing that ye, O Vasus, punish.
3. The ever-prompt Angirases, imploring riches from Savitar the God, obtained them.
     So may our Father who is great and holy, and all the Gods, accordant, grant this favour.

Mandala 7, Hymn 53

1. AS priest with solemn rites and adorations I worship Heaven and Earth, the High and Holy.
     To them, great Parents of the Gods, have sages of ancient time, singing, assigned precedence.
2. With newest hymns set in the seat of Order, those the Two Parents, born before all others,
     Come, Heaven and Earth, with the Celestial People, hither to us, for strong is your protection.
3. Yea, Heaven and Earth, ye hold in your possession full many a treasure for the liberal giver.
     Grant us that wealth which comes in free abundance. Preserve us evermore, ye Gods, with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 54

1. ACKNOWLEDGE us, O Guardian of the Homestead: bring no disease, and give us happy entrance.
     Whate’er we ask of thee, be pleased to grant it, and prosper thou quadrupeds and bipeds.
2. Protector of the Home, be our promoter: increase our wealth in kine and steeds, O Indu.
     May we be ever-youthful in thy friendship: be pleased in us as in his sons a father.
3. Through thy dear fellowship that bringeth welfare, may we be victors, Guardian of the Dwelling!
     Protect our happiness in rest and labour. Preserve us evermore, ye Gods, with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 55

1. VASTOSPATI, who killest all disease and wearest every form,
     Be an auspicious Friend to us.
2. When, O bright Son of Sarama, thou showest, tawny-hued! thy teeth,
     They gleam like lances’ points within thy mouth when thou wouldst bite; go thou to steep.
3. Sarama’s Son, retrace thy way: bark at the robber and the thief.
     At Indra’s singers barkest thou? Why dust thou seek to terrify us? Go to sleep.
4. Be on thy guard against the boar, and let the boar beware of thee.
     At Indra’s singers barkest thou? Why dost thou seek to terrify us? Go to sleep.
5. Sleep mother, let the father sleep, sleep dog and master of the house.
     Let all the kinsmen sleep, sleep all the people who are round about.
6. The man who sits, the man who walks, and whosoever looks on us,
     Of these we closely shut the eyes, even as we closely shut this house.
7. The Bull who hath a thousand horns, who rises up from out the sea,-
     By him the Strong and Mighty One we lull and make the people sleep.
8. The women sleeping in the court, lying without, or stretched on beds,
     The matrons with their odorous sweetsthese, one and all, we lull to sleep.

Mandala 7, Hymn 56

1. Wno are these radiant men in serried rank, Rudra’s young heroes borne by noble steeds?
2. Verily no one knoweth whence they sprang: they, and they only, know each other’s birth.
3. They strew each other with their blasts, these Hawks: they strove together, roaring like the wind.
4. A sage was he who knew these mysteries, what in her udder mighty Prsni bore.
5. Ever victorious, through the Maruts, be this band of Heroes, nursing manly strength,
6. Most bright in splendour, flectest on their way, close-knit to glory, strong with varied power.
7. Yea, mighty is your power and firm your strength: so, potent, with the Maruts, be the band.
8. Bright is your spirit, wrathful are your minds: your bold troop’s minstrel is like one inspired.
9. Ever avert your blazing shaft from us, and let not your displeasure reach us here
10. Your dear names, conquering Maruts, we invoke, calling aloud till we are satisfied.
11. Well-armed, impetuous in their haste, they deck themselves, their forms, with oblations: to you, the pure, ornaments made of gold.
12. Pure, Maruts, pure yourselves, are your oblations: to you, the pure, pure sacrifice I offer.
     By Law they came to truth, the Law’s observers, bright by their birth, and pure, and sanctifying.
13. Your rings, O Maruts, rest upon your shoulders, and chains of gold are twined upon your bosoms.
     Gleaming with drops of rain, like lightning-flashes, after your wont ye whirl about your weapons.
14. Wide in the depth of air spread forth your glories, far, most adorable, ye bear your titles.
     Maruts, accept this thousandfold allotment of household sacrifice and household treasure.
15. If, Maruts, ye regard the praise recited here at this mighty singer invocation,
     Vouchsafe us quickly wealth with noble heroes, wealth which no man uho hateth us may injure.
16. The Maruts, fleet as coursers, while they deck them like youths spectators of a festal meeting,
     Linger, like beauteous colts, about the dwelling, like frisking calves, these who pour down the water.
17. So may the Maruts help us and be gracious, bringing free room to lovely Earth and Heaven.
     Far be your bolt that slayeth men and cattle. Ye Vasus, turn yourselves to us with blessings.
18. The priest, when seated, loudly calls you, Maruts, praising in song your universal bounty.
     He, Bulls! who hath so much in his possession, free from duplicity, with hymns invokes you.
19. These Maruts bring the swift man to a stand-still, and strength with mightier strength they break and humble
     These guard the singer from the man who hates him and lay their sore displeasure on the wicked.
20. These Maruts rouse even the poor and needy: the Vasus love him as an active champion.
     Drive to a distance, O ye Bulls, the darkness: give us full store of children and descendants.
21. Never, O Maruts, may we lose your bounty, nor, car-borne Lords! be hitidmost when ye deal it.
     Give us a share in that delightful treasure, the genuine wealth that, Bulls! is your possession.
22. What time the men in fury rush together for running streams, for pastures, and for houses.
     Then, O ye Maruts, ye who spring from Rudra, be our protectors in the strife with foemen.
23. Full many a deed ye did for our forefathers worthy of lauds which, even of old, they sang you.
     lle strong man, with the Maruts, wins in battle, the charger, with the Maruts, gains the booty.
24. Ours, O ye Maruts, be the vigorous Hero, the Lord Divine of men, the strong Sustainer,
     With whom to fair lands we may cross the waters, and dwell in our own home with you beside us.
25. May Indra, Mitra, Varuna and Agni, Waters, and Plants, and Trees accept our praises.
     May we find shelter in the Marut’s bosom. Preserve us evermore, ye Gods, with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 57

1. YEA, through the power of your sweet juice, ye Holy! the Marut host is glad at sacrifices.
     They cause even spacious heaven and earth to tremble, they make the spring flow when they come, the Mighty.
2. The Maruts watch the man who sings their praises, promoters of the thought of him who worships.
     Seat you on sacred grass in our assembly, this day, with friendly minds, to share the banquet.
3. No others gleam so brightly as these Maruts with their own forms, their golden gauds, their weapons.
     With all adornments, decking earth and heaven, they heighten, for bright show, their common splendour.
4. Far from us be your blazing dart, O Maruts, when we, through human frailty, sin against you.
     Let us not he exposed to that, ye Holy! May your most loving favour still attend us.
5. May even what we have done delight the Maruts, the blameless Ones, the bright, the purifying.
     Further us, O ye Holy, with your kindness: advance us mightily that we may prosper.
6. And may the Maruts, praised by all their titles, Heroes, enjoy the taste of our oblations.
     Give us of Amrta for the sake of offspring: awake the excellent fair stores of riches.
7. Hither, ye Maruts, praised, with all your succours, with all felicity come to our princes,
     Who, of themselves, a hundredfold increase us. Preserve us evermore, ye Gods, with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 58

1. SING to the troop that pours down rain in common, the Mighty Company of celestial nature.
     They make the world-halves tremble with their greatness: from depths of earth and sky they reach to heaven.
2. Yea, your birth, Maruts, was with wild commotion, ye who move swiftly, fierce in wrath, terrific.
     Ye all-surpassing in your might and vigour, each looker on the light fears at your coming.
3. Give ample vital power unto our princes let our fair praises gratify the Maruts.
     As the way travelled helpeth people onward, so further us with your delightful succours.
4. Your favoured singer counts his wealth by hundreds: the strong steed whom ye favour wins a thousand.
     The Sovran whom ye aid destroys the foeman. May this your gift, ye Shakers, be distinguished.
5. I call, as such, the Sons of bounteous Rudra: will not the Maruts turn again to us-ward?
     What secret sin or open stirs their anger, that we implore the Swift Ones to forgive us.
6. This eulogy of the Bounteous hath been spoken: accept, ye Maruts, this our hymn of praises.
     Ye Bulls, keep those who hate us at a distance. Preserve us evermore, ye Gods, with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 59

1. WHOMSO ye rescue here and there, whomso ye guide, O Deities,
     To him give shelter, Agni, Mitra, Varuna, ye Maruts, and thou Aryaman.
2. Through your kind favour, Gods, on some auspicious day, the worshipper subdues his foes.
     That man increases home and strengthening ample food who brings you offerings as ye list.
3. Vasistha will not overlook the lowliest one among you all.
     O Maruts, of our Soma juice effused to-day drink all of you with eager haste.
4. Your succour in the battle injures not the man to whom ye, Heroes, grant your gifts.
     May your most recent favour turn to us again. Come quickly, ye who fain would drink.
5. Come hitherward to drink the juice, O ye whose bounties give you joy.
     These offerings are for you, these, Maruts, I present. Go not to any place but this.
6. Sit on our sacred grass, be graciously inclined to give the wealth for which we long,
     To take delight, ye Maruts, Friends of all, with Svaha, in sweet Soma juice.
7. Decking the beauty of their forms in secret the Swans with purple backs have flown down hither.
     Around me all the Company hath settled, like joyous Heroes glad in our libation.
8. Maruts, the man whose wrath is hard to master, he who would slay us ere we think, O Vasus,
     May he be tangled in the toils of mischief; smite ye him down with your most flaming weapon.
9. O Maruts, ye consuming Gods, enjoy this offering brought for you,
     To help us, ye who slay the foe.
10. Sharers of household sacrifice, come, Maruts, stay not far away,
     That ye may help us, Bounteous Ones.
11. Here, Self-strong Maruts, yea, even here. ye Sages with your sunbright skins
     I dedicate your sacrifice.
12. Tryambaka we worship, sweet augmenter of prosperity.
     As from its stem the cucumber, so may I be released from death, not reft of immortality.

Mandala 7, Hymn 60

1. WHEN thou, O Sun, this day, arising sinless, shalt speak the truth to Varuna and Mitra,
     O Aditi, may all the Deities love us, and thou, O Aryaman, while we are singing.
2. Looking on man, O Varuna and Mitra, this Sun ascendeth up by both the pathways,
     Guardian of all things fixt, of all that moveth, beholding good and evil acts of mortals.
3. He from their home hath yoked the Seven gold Coursers who, dropping oil and fatness, carry Surya.
     Yours, Varuna and Mitra, he surveyeth the worlds and living creatures like a herdsman.
4. Your coursers rich in store of sweets have mounted: to the bright ocean Surya hath ascended,
     For whom the Adityas make his pathway ready, Aryaman, Mitra, Varuna, accordant.
5. For these, even Aryaman, Varuna and Mitra, are the chastisers of all guile and falsehood.
     These, Aditi’s Sons, infallible and mighty, have waxen in the home of law Eternal.
6. These, Mitra, Varuna whom none deceiveth, with great power quicken even the fool to wisdom,
     And, wakening, moreover, thoughtful insight, lead it by easy paths o’er grief and trouble.
7. They ever vigilant, with eyes that close not, caring for heaven and earth, lead on the thoughtless.
     Even in the river’s bed there is a shallow. across this broad expanse may they conduct us.
8. When Aditi and Varuna and Mitra, like guardians, give Sudas their friendly shelter,
     Granting him sons and lineal succession, let us not, bold ones! move the Gods to anger.
9. May he with ofierings purify the altar from any stains of Varuna’s reviler.
     Aryaman save us us all those who hate us: give room and freedom to Sudas, ye Mighty.
10. Hid from our eyes is their resplendent meeting: by their mysterious might they hold dominion.
     Heroes! we cry trembling in fear before you, even in the greatness of your power have mercy.
11. He who wins favour for his prayer by worship, that he may gain him strength and highest riches,
     That good man’s mind the Mighty Ones will follow: they have brought comfort to his spacious dwelling.
12. This priestly task, Gods! Varuna and Mitra! hath been performed for you at sacrifices.
     Convey us safely over every peril. Preserve us evermore, ye Gods, with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 61

1. O VARUNA and Mitra, Surya spreading the beauteous light of you Twain Gods ariseth.
     He who beholdetb all existing creatures observetb well the zeal that is in mortals.
2. The holy sage, renowned afar, directeth his hymns to you, O Varuna and Mitra,-
     He whose devotions, sapient Gods, ye favour so that ye fill, as ‘twere, with power his autumns.
3. From the wide earth, O Varuna and Mitra from the great lofty heaven, ye, Bounteous Givers, –
     Have in the fields and houses set your warder-, who visit every spot and watch unceasing.
4. I praise the strength of Varuna and Mitra that strength, by mightiness, keeps both worlds asunder.
     Heroless pass the months of the ungodly he who loves sacrifice makes his home enduring.
5. Steers, all infallible are these your people in whom no wondrous thing is seen, no worship.
     Guile follows close the men who are untruthful: no secrets may be hidden from your knowledge.
6. I will exalt your sacrifice with homage: as priest, I, Mitra-Varuna, invoke you.
     May these new hymns and prayers that I have fashioned delight you to the profit of the singer.
7. This priestly task, Gods! Varuna and Mitra! hath been performed for you at sacrifices.
     Convey us safely over every peril. Preserve us evermore, ye Gods, with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 62

1. SURYA hath sent aloft his beams of splendour o’er all the tribes of men in countless places.
     Together with the heaven he shines apparent, formed by his Makers well with power and wisdom.
2. So hast thou mounted up before us, Surya, through these our praises, with fleet dappled horses.
     Declare us free from all offence to Mitra, and Varuna, and Aryaman, and Agni.
3. May holy Agni, Varuna, and Mitra send down their riches upon us in thousands.
     May they, the Bright Ones, make our praise-song perfect, and, when we laud them, grant us all our wishes.
4. O undivided Heaven and Earth, preserve us, us, Lofty Ones! your nobIy-born descendants.
     Let us not anger Varuna, nor Vayu, nor him, the dearest Friend of mortals, Mitra.
5. Stretch forth your arms and let our lives be lengthened: with fatness dew the pastures of our cattle.
     Ye Youthful, make us famed among the people: hear, Mitra-Varuna, these mine invocations.
6. Now Mitra, Varuna, Aryaman vouchsafe us freedom and room, for us and for our children.
     May we find paths all fair and good to travel. Preserve us evermore, ye Gods, with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 63

1. COMMON to all mankind, auspicious Surya, he who beholdeth all, is mounting upward;
     The God, the eye of Varuna and Mitra, who rolled up darkness like a piece of leather.
2. Surya’s great ensign, restless as the billow, that urgeth men to action, is advancing:
     Onward he still would roll the wheel well-rounded, which Etasa, harnessed to the car-pole, moveth.
3. Refulgent from the bosom of the Mornings, he in Whom singers take delight ascendeth.
     This Savitar, God, is my chief joy and pleasure, who breaketh not the universal statute.
4. Golden, far-seeing, from the heaven he riseth: far is his goal, he hasteth on resplendent.
     Men, verily, inspirited by Surya speed to their aims and do the work assigned them.
5. Where the irrunortals have prepared his pathway he flieth through the region like a falcon.
     With homage and oblations will we serve you, O Mitra-Varuna, when the Sun hath risen.
6. Now Mitra, Varuna, Aryaman vouchsafe us freedom and room, for us and for our children.
     May we find paths all fair and good to travel. Preserve us evermore, ye Gods, with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 64

1. YE Twain who rule, in heaven and earth, the region, clothed be your clouds in robes of oil and fatness.
     May the imperial Varuna, and Mitra, and high-born Aryaman accept our presents.
2. Kings, guards of rrtighty everlasting Order, come hitherward, ye Princes, Lords of Rivers.
     Send us from heaven, O Varuna and Mitra, rain and sweet food, ye who pour down your bounties.
3. May the dear God, and Varuna and Mitra conduct us by the most effective pathways,
     That foes may say unto Sudas our chieftain, May, we, too, joy in food with Gods to guard us.
4. Him who hath wrought for you this car in spirit, who makes the song rise upward and sustains it,
     Bedew with fatness, Varuna nd Mitra ye Kings, make glad the pleasant dwelling-places.
5. To you this laud, O Varuna and Mitra is offered like bright Soma juice to Vayu.
     Favour our songs of praise, wake thought and spirit. Preserve us evermore, ye Gods, with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 65

1. WITH hymns I call you, when the Sun hath risen, Mitra, and Varuna whose thoughts are holy,
     Whose Power Divine, supreme and everlasting, comes with good heed at each man’s supplication.
2. For they are Asuras of Gods, the friendly make, both of you, our lands exceeding fruitful.
     May we obtain you, Varuna and Mitra, wherever Heaven and Earth and days may bless us.
3. Bonds of the sinner, they bear many nooses: the wicked mortal hardly may escape them.
     Varuna-Mitra, may your path of Order bear us o’er trouble as a boat o’er waters.
4. Come, taste our offering, Varuna and Mitra: bedew our pasture wil sweet food and fatness.
     Pour down in plenty here upon the people the choicest of your fair celestial water.
5. To you this laud, O Varuna and Mitra, is offered, like bright Soma juice to Vayu.
     Favour our songs of praise, wake thought and spirit. Preserve us evermore, ye Gods, with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 66

1. LET our strong hymn of praise go forth, the laud of Mitra-Varuna,
     With homage to that high-born Pair;
2. The Two exceeding wise, the Sons of Daksa, whom the gods ordained
     For lordship, excellently great.
3. Such, Guardians of our homes and us, O Mitra-Varuna, fulfil
     The thoughts of those who sing your praise.
4. So when the Sun hath risen to-day, may sinless Mitra, Aryaman,
     Bhaga, and Savitar sendus forth.
5. May this our home be guarded well forward, ye Bounteous, on the way,
     Who bear us safely o’er distress.
6. And those Self-reigning, Aditi, whose statute is inviolate,
     The Kings who rule a vast domain.
7. Soon as the Sun hath risen, to you, to Mitra-Varuna, I sing,
     And Aryarnan who slays the foe.
8. With wealth of gold may this my song bring unmolested power and might,
     And, Brahmans, gain the sacrifice.
9. May we be thine, God Varuna, and with our princes, Mitra, thine.
     Food and Heaven’s light will we obtain.
10. Many are they who strengthen Law, Sun-eyed, with Agni for their tongue,
     They who direct the three great gatherings with their thoughts, yea, all things with surpassing might.
11. They who have stablished year and month and then the day, night, sacrifice and holy verse,
     Varuna, Mitra, Aryarnan, the Kings, have won dominion which none else may gain.
12. So at the rising of the Sun we think of you with hymns to-day,
     Even as Varuna, Mitra, Aryaman deserve: ye are the charioteers of Law.
13. True to Law, born in Law the strengtheners of Law, terrible, haters of the false,
     In their felicity which gives the best defence may we men and our princes dwell.
14. Uprises, on the slope of heaven, that marvel that attracts die sight
     As swift celestial Etasa bears it away, prepared for every eye to see.
15. Lord of each single head, of fixt and moving things, equally through the whole expanse,
     The Seven sister Bays bear Surya on his car, to bring us wealth and happiness.
16. A hundred autumns may we see that bright Eye, God-ordained, arise
     A hundred autumns may we live.
17. Infallible through your wisdom, come hither, resplendent Varuna,
     And Mitra, to the Soma draught.
18. Come as the laws of Heaven ordain, Varuna, Mitra, void of guile:
     Press near and drink the Soma juice.
19. Come, Mitra, Varuna, accept, Heroes, our sacrificial gift:
     Drink Soma, ye who strengthen Law.

Mandala 7, Hymn 67

1. I WITH a holy heart that brings oblation will sing forth praise to meet your car, ye Princes,
     Which, Much-desired! hath wakened as your envoy. I call you hither as a son his parents.
2. Brightly hath Agni shone by us enkindled: the limits even of darkness were apparent.
     Eastward is seen the Banner of the Morning, the Banner born to give Heaven’s Daughter glory.
3. With hymns the deft priest is about you, Asvins, the eloquent priest attends you now, Nasatyas.
     Come by the paths that ye are wont to travel, on car that finds the light, laden with treasure.
4. When, suppliant for your help, Lovers of Sweetness! I seeking wealth call you to our libation,
     Hitherward let your vigorous horses bear you: drink ye with us the well-pressed Soma juices.
5. Bring forward, Asvins, Gods, to its fulfilment my never-wearied prayer that asks for riches.
     Vouchsafe us all high spirit in the combat, and with your powers, O Lords of Power, assist us.
6. Favour us in these prayers of ours, O Asvins. May we have genial vigour, ne’er to fail us.
     So may we, strong in children and descendants, go, wealthy, to the banquet that awaits you.
7. Lovers of Sweetness, we have brought this treasure to you as ‘twere an envoy sent for friendship.
     Come unto us with spirits free from anger, in homes of men enjoying our oblation.
8. With one, the same, intention, ye swift movers, o’er the Seven Rivers hath your chariot travelled.
     Yoked by the Gods, your strong steeds never weary while speeding forward at the pole they bear you.
9. Exhaustless be your bounty to our princes who with their wealth incite the gift of riches,
     Who further friendship with their noble natures, combining wealth in kine with wealth in herses.
10. Now hear, O Youthful Twain, mine invocation: come, Asvins, to the home where food aboundeth.
     Vouchsafe us wealth, do honour to our nobles. Preserve us evermore, ye Gods, with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 68

1. COME, radiant Asvins, with your noble horses: accept your servant’s hymns, ye Wonder-Workers:
     Enjoy oblations which we bring to greet you.
2. The gladdening juices stand prepared before you: come quickly and partake of mine oblation.
     Pass by the calling of our foe and bear us.
3. Your chariot with a hundred aids, O Asvins, beareth you swift as thought across the regions,
     Speeding to us, O ye whose wealth is Surya.
4. What time this stone of yours, the Gods’ adorer, upraised, sounds forth for you as Soma-presser,
     Let the priest bring you, Fair Ones, through oblations.
5. The nourishment ye have is, truly, wondrous: ye gave thereof a quickening store to Atri,
     Who being dear to you, receives your favour.
6. That gift, which all may gain, ye gave Cyavana, when he grew old, who offered you oblations,
     When ye bestowed on him enduring beauty.
7. What time his wicked friends abandoned Bhujyu, O Asvins, in the middle of the ocean,
     Your horse delivered him, your faithful servant.
8. Ye lent your aid to Vrka when exhausted, and listened when invoked to Sayu’s calling.
     Ye made the cow pour forth her milk like water, and, Asvins, strengthened with your strength the barren.
9. With his fair hymns this singer, too, extols you, waking with glad thoughts at the break of morning.
     May the cow nourish him with milk to feed llim. Preserve us evermore, ye Gods, with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 69

1. MAY your gold chariot, drawn by vigorous horses, come to us, blocking up the earth
     and heaven,
     Bright with its fellies while its way drops fatness, food-laden, rich in coursers, man’s protector.
2. Let it approach, yoked by thewill, three-seated, extending far and wide o’er fivefold beings,
     Whereon ye visit God-adoring races, bending your course whither ye will, O Asvins.
3. Renowned, with noble horses, come ye hither: drink, Wondrous Pair, the cup that holds sweet juices.
     Your car whereon your Spouse is wont to travel marks with its track the farthest ends of heaven.
4. When night was turning to the grey of morning the Maiden, Surya’s Daughter, chose your splendour.
     When with your power and might ye aid the pious he comes through heat to life by your assistance.
5. O Chariot-borne, this car of yours invested with rays of light comes harnessed to our dwelling.
     Herewith, O Asvins, while the dawn is breaking, to this our sacrifice bring peace and blessing.
6. Like the wild cattle thirsty for the lightning, Heroes, come nigh this day to our libations.
     Men call on you with hymns in many places, but let not other worshippers detain you.
7. Bhujyu, abandoned in the midst of ocean, ye raised from out the water with your horses,
     Uninjured, winged, flagging not, undaunted, with deeds of wonder saving him, O Asvins.
8. Now hear, O Youthful Twain, mine invocation: come, Asvins, to the home where food aboundeth.
     Vouchsafe us wealth, do honour to our nobles. Preserve us evermore, ye Gods, with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 70

1. RICH in all blessings, Asvins come ye hither: this place on earth is called your own possession,
     Like a strong horse with a fair back it standeth, whereon, as in a lap, ye seat you firmly.
2. This most delightful eulogy awaits you in the man’s house drink-offering hath been heated,
     Which bringeth you over the seas and rivers, yoking as’twere two well-matched shining horses.
3. Whatever dwellings ye possess, O Asvins, in fields of men or in the streams of heaven,
     Resting upon the summit of the mountain, or bringing food to him who gives oblation,
4. Delight yourselves, ye Gods, in plants and waters when Rsis give them and ye find they suit You.
     Enriching us with treasures in abundance ye have looked back to former generations.
5. Asvins, though ye have heard them oft aforetime, regard the many prayers which Rsis offer.
     Come to the man even as his heart desireth: may we enjoy your most delightful favour.
6. Come to the sacrifice offered you, Nasatyas, with men, oblations, and prayer duly uttered.
     Come to Vasistha as his heart desireth, for unto you these holy hymns are chanted.
7. This is the thought, this is the song, O Asvins: accept this hymn of ours, ye Steers, with favour.
     May these our prayers addressed to you come nigh you. Preserve us evermore, ye Gods, with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 71

1. THE Night retireth from the Dawn her Sister; the Dark one yieldeth to the Red her pathway.
     Let us invoke you rich in steeds and cattle – by day and night keep far from us the arrow.
2. Bearing rich treasure in your car, O Asvins, come to the mortal who presents oblation.
     Keep at a distance penury and sickness; Lovers of Sweetness, day and night preserve us.
3. May your strong horses, seeking bliss, bring hither your chariot at the earliest flush of morning.
     With coursers yoked by Law drive hither, Asvins, your car whose reins are light, laden with treasure.
4. The chariot, Princes, that conveys you, moving at daylight, triple-seated, fraught with riches,
     Even with this come unto us, Nasatyas, that laden with all food it may approach us.
5. Ye freed Cyavana from old age and weakness: ye brought the courser fleet of food to Pedu.
     Ye rescued Atri from distress and darkness, and loosed for Jahusa the bonds that bound him.
6. This is the thought, this is the song, O Asvins: accept this hymn of ours, ye Steers, With favour.
     May these our prayers addressed to you come nigh you. Preserve us evermore, ye Gods, with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 72

1. COME, O Nasatyas, on your car resplendent, rich in abundant wealth of kine and horses.
     As harnessed steeds, all our laudations follow you whose forms shine with most delightful beauty.
2. Come with the Gods associate, come ye hither to us, Nasatyas, with your car accordant.
     ‘Twixt you and us there is ancestral friendship and common kin: remember and regard it.
3. Awakened are the songs that praise the Asvins, the kindred prayers and the Celestial Mornings.
     Inviting those we long for, Earth and Heaven, the singer calleth these Nasatyas hither.
4. What time the Dawns break forth in light, O Asvins, to you the poets offer their devotions.
     God Savitar hath sent aloft his splendour, and fires sing praises with the kindled fuel.
5. Come from the west, come from the cast, Nasatyas, come, Asvins, from below and from above us.
     Bring wealth from all sides for the Fivefold People. Preserve us evermore, ye Gods, with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 73

1. WE have o’erpassed the limit of this darkness while, worshipping the Gods, we sang their praises.
     The song invoketh both Immortal Asvins far-reaching, born of old, great WonderWorkers.
2. And, O Nasatyas, man’s dear Priest is seated, who brings to sacrifice and offers worship,
     Be near and taste the pleasant juice, O Asvins: with food, I call you to the sacrifices.
3. We choosing you, have let our worship follow its course: ye Steers, accept this hymn with favour.
     Obeying you as your appointed servant, Vasistha singing hath with lauds aroused you.
4. And these Two Priests come nigh unto our people, united, demon-slayers, mighty-handed.
     The juices that exhilarate are mingled. Injure us not, but come with happy fortune.
5. Come from the west, come from the cast, Nasatyas, come, Asvins, from below and from above us.
     Bring wealth from all sides for the Fivefold People. Preserve us evermore, ye Gods, with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 74

1. THESE morning sacrifices call you, Asvins, at the break of day.
     For help have I invoked you rich in power and might: for, house by house ye visit all.
2. O Heroes, ye bestow wonderful nourishment. send it to him whose songs are sweet
     Accordant, both of you, drive your car down to us, and drink the savoury Soma juice.
3. Approach ye and be near to us. drink, O ye Asvins, of the meath.
     Draw forth the milk, ye Mighty, rich in genuine wealth: injure us not, and come to us.
4. The horses that convey you in their rapid flight down to the worshipper’s abode,
     With these your speedy coursers, Heroes, Asvins, come, ye Gods, come well-inclined to us.
5. Yea, verily, our princes seek the Asvins in pursuit of food.
     These shall give lasting glory to our liberal lords, and, both Nasatyas, shelter us.
6. Those who have led the way, like cars, offending none, those who are guardians of the men-
     Also through their own might the heroes have grown strong, and dwell in safe and happy homes.

Mandala 7, Hymn 75

1. BORN in the heavens the Dawn hath flushed, and showing her majesty is come as Law ordaineth.
     She hath uncovered fiends and hateful darkness; best of Angirases, hath waked the pathways.
2. Rouse us this day to high and happy fortune: to great felicity, O Dawn, promote us.
     Vouchsafe us manifold and splendid riches, famed among mortals, man-befriending Goddess!
3. See, lovely Morning’s everlasting splendours, bright with their varied colours, have approached us.
     Filling the region of mid-air, producing the rites of holy worship, they have mounted.
4. She yokes her chariot far away, and swiftly visits the lands where the Five Tribes are settled,
     Looking upon the works and ways of mortals, Daughter of Heaven, the world’s Imperial Lady.
5. She who is rich in spoil, the Spouse of Surya, wondrously opulent, rules all wealth and treasures.
     Consumer of our youth, the seers extol her: lauded by priests rich Dawn shines out refulgent.
6. Apparent are the steeds of varied colour, the red steeds carrying resplendent Morning.
     On her all-lovely car she comes, the Fair One, and brings rich treasure for her faithful servant.
7. True with the True and Mighty with the Mighty, with Gods a Goddess, Holy with the Holy,
     She brake strong fences down and gave the cattle: the kine were lowing as they greeted Morning.
8. O Dawn, now give us wealth in kine and heroes, and horses, fraught with manifold enjoyment.
     Protect our sacred grass from man’s reproaches. Preserve us evermore, ye Gods, with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 76

1. SAVITAR God of all men hath sent upward his light, designed for all mankind, immortal.
     Through the Gods’ power that Eye was first created. Dawn hath made all the universe apparent.
2. I see the paths which Gods are wont to travel, innocuous paths made ready by the Vasus.
     Eastward the flag of Dawn hath been uplifted; she hath come hither o’er the tops of houses.
3. Great is, in truth, the number of the Mornings which were aforetime at the Sun’s uprising.
     Since thou, O Dawn, hast been beheld repairing as to thy love, as one no more to leave him.
4. They were the Gods’ companions at the banquet, the ancient sages true to Law Eternal.
     The Fathers found the light that lay in darkness, and with effectual words begat the Morning.
5. Meeting together in the same enclosure, they strive not, ofone mind, one with another.
     They never break the Gods’ eternal statutes, and injure none, in rivalry with Vasus.
6. Extolling thee, Blest Goddess, the Vasisthas, awake at early mom, with lauds implore thee.
     Leader of kine and Queen of all that strengthens, shine, come as first to us, O high-born Morning.
7. She bringeth bounty and sweet charm of voices. The flushing Dawn is sung by the Vasisthas,
     Giving us riches famed to distant places. Preserve us evermore, ye Gods, with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 77

1. SHE hath shone brightly like a youthful woman, stirring to motion every living creature.
     Agni hath come to feed on mortal? fuel. She hath made light and chased away the darkness.
2. Turned to this All, far-spreading, she hath risen and shone in brightness with white robes about her.
     She hath beamed forth lovely with golden colours, Mother of kine, Guide of the days she bringeth.
3. Bearing the Gods’ own Eye, auspicious Lady, leading her Courser white and fair to look on,
     Distinguished by her bean-is Dawn shines apparent, come forth to all the world with wondrous treasure.
4. Draw nigh with wealth and dawn away the foeman: prepare for us wide pasture free from danger.
     Drive away those who hate us, bring us riches: pour bounty, opulent Lady, on the singer.
5. Send thy most excellent beams to shine and light us, giving us lengthened days, O Dawn, O Goddess,
     Granting us food, thou who hast all things precious, and bounty rich in chariots, kine, and horses.
6. O Usas, nobly-born, Daughter of Heaven, whom the Vasisthas with their hymns make mighty,
     Bestow thou on us vast and glorious riches. Preserve us evermore, ye Gods, with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 78

1. WE have beheld her earliest lights approaching: her many glories part, on high, asunder.
     On car sublime, refulgent, wending hither, O Usas, bring the Wealth that makes us happy.
2. The fire well-kindIed sings aloud to greet her, and with their hymns the priests are chaming welcome.
     Usas approaches in her splendour, driving all evil darkness far away, the Goddess.
3. Apparent eastward are those lights of Morning, sending out lustre, as they rise, around them.
     She hath brought forth Sun, sacrifice, and Agni, and far away hath fled detested darkness.
4. Rich Daughter of the Sky, we all behold her, yea, all men look on Dawn as she is breaking.
     fler car that moves self-harnessed hath she mounted, the car drawn onward by her well-yoked horses.
5. Inspired with loving thoughts this day to greet thee, we and our wealthy nobles have awakened.
     Show yourselves fruitful, Dawns, as ye are rising. Preserve us evermore, ye Gods, with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 79

1. ROUSING the lands where men’s Five Tribes are settled, Dawn hath disclosed the pathways of the people.
     She hath sent out her sheen with beauteous oxen. The Sun with light hath opened earth and heaven.
2. They paint their bright rays on the sky’s far limits. the Dawns come on like tribes arrayed for battle.
     Thy cattle, closely shutting up the darkness, as Savitar spreads his arms, give forth their lustre.
3. Wealthy, most like to Indra, Dawn hath risen, and brought forth lauds that shall promote our welfare.
     Daughter of Heaven, a Goddess, she distributes, best of Angirases, treasures to the pious.
4. Bestow on us, O Dawn, that ample bounty which thou didst send to those who sang thy praises;
     Thou whom with bellowings of a bull they quickened: thou didst unbar the firm-set mountain’s portals.
5. Impelling every God to grant his bounty sending to us the charm of pleasant voices,
     Vouchsafe us thoughts, for profit, as thou breakest. Preserve us evermore, ye Gods, with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 80

1. THE priests, Vasisthas, are the first awakened to welcome Usas with their songs and praises,
     Who makes surrounding regions part asunder,and shows apparent all existing creatures.
2. Giving fresh life when she hath hid the darkness, this Dawn hath wakened there with new-born lustre.
     Youthful and unrestrained she cometh forward: she hath turned thoughts to Sun and fire and worship.
3. May blessed Mornings shine on us for ever, with wealth of kine, of horses, and of heroes,
     Streaming with all abundance, pouring fatness. Preserve us evermore, ye Gods, with blessings.

Mandala 7, Hymn 81

1. ADVANCING, sending forth her rays, the Daughter of the Sky is seen.
     Uncovering, that we may see, the mighty gloom, the friendly Lady makes the light.
2. The Sun ascending, the refulgent Star, pours down his beams together with the Dawn.
     O Dawn, at thine arising, and the Sun’s, may we attain the share allotted us.
3. Promptly we woke to welcome thee, O Usas, Daughter of the Sky,
     Thee, Bounteous One, who bringest all we long to have, and to the offerer health and wealth.
4. Thou, dawning, workest fain to light the great world, yea, heaven, Goddess! that it may be seen.
     We yearn to be thine own, Dealer of Wealth: may we be to this Mother like her sons.
5. Bring us that wondrous bounty, Dawn, that shall be famed most far away.
     What, Child of Heaven, thou hast of nourishment for man, bestow thou on us to enjoy.
6. Give to our princes opulence and immortal fame, and strength in herds of kine to us.
     May she who prompts the wealthy, Lady of sweet strains, may Usas dawn our foes away.

Mandala 7, Hymn 82

1. GRANT us your strong protection, IndraVaruna, our people, and our family, for sacrifice.
     May we subdue in fight our evil-hearted foes, him who attacks the man steadfast in lengthened rites.
2. O Indra-Varuna, mighty and very rich One of you is called Monarch and One Autocrat.
     All Gods in the most lofty region of the air have, O ye Steers, combined all power and might in you.
3. Ye with your strength have pierced the fountains of the floods: the Sun have ye brought forward as the Lord in heaven.
     Cheered by this magic draught ye, Indra-Varuna, made the dry places stream, made songs of praise flow forth.
4. In battels and in frays we ministering priests, kneeling upon our knees for furtherance of our weal,
     Invoke you, only you, the Lords of twofold wealth, you prompt to hear, we bards, O Indra-Varuna.
5. O Indra-Varuna, as ye created all these creatures of the world by your surpassing might,
     In peace and quiet Mitra waits on Varuna, the Other, awful, with the Maruis seeks renown.
6. That Varuna’s high worth may shine preeminent, these Twain have measured each his proper power and might.
     The One subdueth the destructive enemy; the Other with a few furthereth many a man.
7. No trouble, no misfortune, Indra-Varuna, no woe from any side assails the mortal man
     Whose sacrifice, O Gods, ye visit and enjoy: ne’er doth the crafty guile of mortal injure him.
8. With your divine protection, Heroes, come to us: mine invncation hear, if ye be pleased therewith.
     Bestow ye upon us, O Indra-Varuna, your friendship and your kinship and your favouring grace.
9. In battle after battle, Indra-Varuna, be ye our Champions, ye who are the peoples’ strength,
     When both opposing bands invoke you for the fight, and men that they may gain offspring and progeny.
10. May Indra, Varuna, Mitra, and Aryaman vouchsafe us glory and great shelter spreading far.
     We think of the beneficent light of Aditi, and Savitar’s song of praise, the God who strengthens Law.

Mandala 7, Hymn 83

1. LOOKING to you and your alliance, O ye Men, armed with broad axes they went forward, fain for spoil.
     Ye smote and slew his Dasa and his Aryan enemies, and helped Sudas with favour, Indra-Varuna.
2. Where heroes come together with their banners raised, in the encounter where is naught for us to love,
     Where all things that behold the light are terrified, there did ye comfort us, O Indra-Varuna.
3. The boundaries of earth were seen all dark with dust: O Indra-Varuna, the shout went up to heaven.
     The enmities of the people compassed me about. Ye heard my calling and ye came to me with help.
4. With your resistless weapons, Indra-Varuna, ye conquered Bheda and ye gave Sudas your aid.
     Ye heard the prayers of these amid the cries of war: effectual was the service of the Trtsus’ priest.
5. O Indra-Varuna, the wickedness of foes and mine assailants’ hatred sorely trouble me.
     Ye Twain are Lords of riches both of earth and heaven: so grant to us your aid on the decisive day.
6. The men of both the hosts invoked you in the fight, Indra and Varuna, that they might win the wealth,
     What time ye helped Sudas, with all the Trtsu folk, when the Ten Kings had pressed him down in their attack.
7. Ten Kings who worshipped not, O Indra-Varuna, confederate, in war prevailed not o’er Sudas.
     True was the boast of heroes sitting at the feast: so at their invocations Gods were on their side.
8. O Indra-Varuna, ye gave Sudas your aid when the Ten Kings in battle compassed him about,
     There where the white-robed Trtsus with their braided hair, skilled in song worshipped you with homage and with hymn.
9. One of you Twain destroys the Vrtras in the fight, the Other evermore maintains his holy Laws.
     We call on you, ye Mighty, with our hymns of praise. Vouchsafe us your protection, Indra-Varuna.
10. May Indra, Varuna, Mitra, and Aryaman vouchsafe us glory and great shelter spreading far.
     We think of the beneficent light of Aditi, and Savitar’s song of praise, the God who strengthens Law.

Mandala 7, Hymn 84

1. KINGS, Indra-Varuna, I would turn you hither to this our sacrifice with gifts and homage.
     Held in both arms the ladle, dropping fatness, goes of itself to you whose forms are varied.
2. Dyaus quickens and promotes your high dominion who bind with bonds not wrought of rope or cordage.
     Far from us still be Varuna’s displeasure may Indra give us spacious room to dwell in.
3. Make ye our sacrifice fair amid the assemblies: make ye our prayers approved among our princes.
     May God-sent riches come for our possession: further ye us with your delightful succours.
4. O Indra-Varuna, vouchsafe us riches with store of treasure, food, and every blessing;
     For the Aditya, banisher of falsehood, the Hero, dealeth wealth in boundless plenty.
5. May this my song reach Varuna and Indra, and, strongly urging, win me sons